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第07講一般過(guò)去時(shí)知識(shí)導(dǎo)航知識(shí)導(dǎo)航1.一般過(guò)去時(shí)的定義及時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)2.一般過(guò)去1.一般過(guò)去時(shí)的定義及時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)2.一般過(guò)去時(shí)的具體用法3.動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式的變化規(guī)則(規(guī)則變化和不規(guī)則變化;ed的讀音規(guī)則)4.一般過(guò)去時(shí)的四種基本句型(肯定句,否定句,一般疑問(wèn)句和特殊疑問(wèn)句)5.句型轉(zhuǎn)換技巧一般過(guò)去時(shí)知識(shí)知識(shí)梳理一.一般過(guò)去時(shí)的定義表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)間所發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用過(guò)去式。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ):經(jīng)常與yesterday(昨天),lastweek(上周),lastmonth(上個(gè)月),lastyear(去年),twomonthsago(兩個(gè)月前),thedaybeforeyesterday(前天),in1990(在1990年),inthosedays(在那些日子里)等表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。
eg.Iwasbornin1990.(我出生在1990年)。
Whendidyougotothepark?(你是什么時(shí)候去的公園)。
Iwenttotheparklastweek.(我是上周去的公園)二.一般過(guò)去時(shí)的具體用法1.表示過(guò)去具體時(shí)刻發(fā)生的一次性動(dòng)作時(shí),時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有:at(eight)(yesterdaymorning),(tenminutes)ago,when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。如:Igotupat6:00thismorning.(我是早上六點(diǎn)鐘起床的)LittleTombrokethewindowathalfpastninethismorning.(小湯姆今天早上九點(diǎn)半把窗子打破了)Whenhewentintotheroom,hesawastrangertalkingwithhisfather.(他走進(jìn)房間時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)一個(gè)陌生人正和他父親談話)2.表示過(guò)去一段時(shí)間內(nèi)不知何時(shí)發(fā)生的一次性動(dòng)作時(shí),時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有:yesterday,last(year等),in(1998等)。如:Hecametoourcityintheyear2000.(他2000年來(lái)到我們市)3.表示過(guò)去一個(gè)階段中經(jīng)常發(fā)生的事情時(shí),時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有:last…,in…,from…to…,for(10years),often,usually,sometimes,always,never等。如:MrJacksonusuallywenttoeveningschoolswhenhewasyoung.Everydayhewenttotherichmanandborrowedbooksfromhim.4.講故事、對(duì)過(guò)去經(jīng)歷的回憶、雙方都明白的過(guò)去事件等一般用過(guò)去時(shí),而且經(jīng)常省略時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。如:IhappenedtomeetRoseinthestreet.(我正好在街上遇到露西)【典例分析】1.Myparents________athomewithmelastSunday.A.was B.were C.is D.a(chǎn)re2.Mybrother________toafamousuniversityinthesouthlastyear.A.go B.willgo C.isgoing D.went3.MybrotherandI________inthekitchenwhenMomcamebackhome.A.a(chǎn)m B.a(chǎn)re C.was D.were三.動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式的變化規(guī)則1.一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)由動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式表示。大多數(shù)動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式是在動(dòng)詞原形后加上ed構(gòu)成。這類動(dòng)詞稱為規(guī)則動(dòng)詞。
1)一般情況下在詞尾直接加ed。如:play―playedwork―worked
2)以e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞只加d.如:likelikedlove―loved
3)以輔音字母+Y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞,變Y為I,再加ed.如:study―studiedcarry―carried4)以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞,如果末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母,要雙寫(xiě)最后這個(gè)輔音字母,再加ed.如:stop―stopped
2.ed的讀音規(guī)則如下:
1)在清輔音后面讀[t].work―worked;help―helped
2)在濁輔音或元音后讀[d].learn―learned
3)在[t]和[d]后讀[id].support―supported動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式的不規(guī)則變化:不以ed結(jié)尾的過(guò)去式,稱為不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞。需要大家背不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞表?!镜淅治觥?.LinPing_________(note)herelastyear.2.Heatesomebreadand________(drink)somemilk.3.Samgotuplatethismorning,sohe________toschoolwithoutbreakfast.(hurry)4.Tony_________(write)alettertohisfirstteacherlastweek.5.Mrs.Black________(teach)meEnglishlastyear.四.一般過(guò)去時(shí)的基本句型分類句型結(jié)構(gòu)例句肯定句主語(yǔ)+was/were+其他.Shewasillyesterday.主語(yǔ)+實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式+其他.Heplayedfootballtwodaysago.否定句主語(yǔ)+was/were+not+其他.Shewasnotillyesterday.主語(yǔ)+didn’t+實(shí)義動(dòng)詞原形+其他.Hedidn’tplayfootballtwodaysago.一般疑問(wèn)句Was/Were+主語(yǔ)+其他?Wassheillyesterday?Did+主語(yǔ)+實(shí)義動(dòng)詞原形+其他.Didheplayfootballtwodaysago?特殊疑問(wèn)句特殊疑問(wèn)詞+did+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其他WherewasLiPing?WhendidyougotoShanghai?注意:助動(dòng)詞和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式如下:
shall―should(將要)用于第一人稱單數(shù)
will―would(將要)用于所有人稱
cancould(能,會(huì))may―might(可以)must―must(必須)
haveto―hadto(不得不)
助動(dòng)詞和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)要使用他們的過(guò)去式,后面的動(dòng)詞還使用原形。Ihadtodomyhomeworkyesterday.(昨天我不得不做作業(yè)。)五.一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)的“三變”技巧一變:肯定句變?yōu)榉穸ň?/p>
【技巧1】當(dāng)句中含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或助動(dòng)詞could,would,should等時(shí),可直接在其后面加not構(gòu)成否定句。Icouldgetyouaconcertticket.→Icouldnot/couldn'tgetyouaconcertticket.
【技巧2】當(dāng)句中含有系動(dòng)詞was,were時(shí),可直接在其后加not構(gòu)成否定句。
IwasontheInternetwhenyoucalledme.→Iwasnot/wasn'tontheInternetwhenyoucalledme.
【技巧3】當(dāng)句中謂語(yǔ)是除情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞、系動(dòng)詞was,were以外的動(dòng)詞時(shí),在該動(dòng)詞之前加didnot/didn't,動(dòng)詞還原,構(gòu)成否定句。
ThefamoussingersangsomeChinesesongs.→Thefamoussingerdidnot/didn'tsinganyChinesesongs.
二變:陳述句變?yōu)橐话阋蓡?wèn)句
【技巧1】移動(dòng)詞語(yǔ)的位置。將was,were,could,would,should等移到句首。例如:
Hecouldpackhisthingshimself.→Couldhepackhisthingshimself?
【技巧2】添加助動(dòng)詞did。謂語(yǔ)是除情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞、系動(dòng)詞was,were以外的動(dòng)詞時(shí),在主語(yǔ)之前加did,動(dòng)詞還原。例如:
MrLilookedveryold.→DidMrLilookveryold?
三變:陳述句變?yōu)樘厥庖蓡?wèn)句
【技巧1】確定疑問(wèn)詞:人who/whom,物what,地點(diǎn)where,時(shí)間when/whattime,原因why,頻率howoften,長(zhǎng)度howlong,距離howfar等等。例如:
Theygavetheconcertlastnight.→Whendidtheygivetheconcert?
【技巧2】辨認(rèn)結(jié)構(gòu)形式:疑問(wèn)詞+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞/was/were/did+主語(yǔ)+...?例如:
Theaccidenthappenednearthestation.→Wheredidtheaccidenthappen?【典例分析】1.Tommygavesomethingtoeattohispetdog.(改為否定句)Tommy________________________toeattohispetdog.2.Heputabookonthedeskforhissistertoread.(改為一般疑問(wèn)句)________he________abookonthedeskforhissistertoread?3.ImetSnowWhiteinDisneylandyesterday.(改為特殊疑問(wèn)句)____________________youmeetinDisneylandyesterday?過(guò)關(guān)訓(xùn)練過(guò)關(guān)訓(xùn)練一、單項(xiàng)選擇1.(2023春·七年級(jí)單元測(cè)試)Mybrother_________born_________August8th,2000.A.is;on B.was;on C.is;in D.was;in2.(2023春·七年級(jí)單元測(cè)試)—DidyougoshoppingonMay1st?—No.________toomanypeopleintheshop.A.Thereis B.Thereare C.Therewas D.Therewere3.(2022春·河北保定·七年級(jí)校聯(lián)考期中)She________TowerBridgetwoyearsago.A.visits B.visited C.willvisit D.isvisiting4.(2022春·遼寧沈陽(yáng)·七年級(jí)統(tǒng)考期中)YesterdayAlice_________toalibrarytofindsomeinformation.A.go B.went C.goes D.gone5.(2022春·甘肅定西·七年級(jí)統(tǒng)考期中)Chinese________thekitemorethan2000yearsago.A.invents B.invented C.isinvented D.wasinvented6.(2022春·北京東城·七年級(jí)??计谥校㏒hewasborninQuincyandatthattimeshe________inabighousewithseveralrooms.A.live B.lives C.lived D.living7.(2022春·江蘇鹽城·七年級(jí)??计谥校狧asNevaehevervisitedAndersen’sFairyTaleLandinSheyang?—Yes.She________itthedaybeforeyesterday.A.visits B.visited C.willvisit D.isvisiting8.(2022春·江蘇南京·七年級(jí)校聯(lián)考期中)Danielandhisfriends________totheFunWorldMuseumthedaybeforeyesterday.A.go B.goes C.willgo D.went9.(2022春·河北保定·七年級(jí)校考期中)LiMingandI_____anEnglishpartyatschoolandhadagreattimethere.A.join B.joined C.takepartin D.tookpartin10.(2022春·江蘇南通·七年級(jí)??计谥校狣aniel,________youafraidwhenyouheardthewhisperbehindthewall?—No,I________feelafraidbecausemybestfriendNickwaswithme.A.were;wasn’t B.were;didn’t C.did;wasn’t D.did;didn’t二、用所給單詞的正確形式填空1.(2022春·江蘇蘇州·七年級(jí)??计谥校〩e____________(plan)atriptotheFunWorldMuseumwithhisfamilylastweekend.2.(2022春·江蘇蘇州·七年級(jí)??计谥校〩eoften________(lie)onthesofawhenhewasyoung.3.(2022春·山東淄博·七年級(jí)統(tǒng)考期中)Myglasses________(fall)offthetableandbroke.4.(2022春·江蘇無(wú)錫·八年級(jí)校聯(lián)考期中)I_________(notrealize)hewasaChineseuntilhebegantotalk.5.(2022春·湖南常德·八年級(jí)統(tǒng)考期中)Awhitecar________(hit)alittleboyonthecornerofthestreetlastnight.6.(2022春·江蘇南京·七年級(jí)校聯(lián)考期中)Millie________(hear)strangesoundsintheschoollibraryyesterdayafternoon.7.(2022春·廣西崇左·八年級(jí)統(tǒng)考期中)Inthepast,there________(be)onlysmallshopsandrestaurantsinthetown.8.(2022春·遼寧大連·七年級(jí)統(tǒng)考期中)Amy________metohersixteenthbirthdaythismorning.(invite)9.(2022春·浙江嘉興·七年級(jí)??计谥校㎎ohnAdamsandJohnQuincyAdams________(be)twopresidentsoftheUS.10.(2022春·江蘇揚(yáng)州·七年級(jí)??计谥校㏕hedaywelookedforwardto________(arrive)atlast.11.(2022春·遼寧阜新·八年級(jí)阜新實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)校考期中)Yesterdaymorning,MissLin________(lead)ustothesciencemuseum.12.(2022春·湖南永州·七年級(jí)統(tǒng)考期中)She________(lock)thefrontdoorandwentoutside.13.(2022春·貴州安順·七年級(jí)統(tǒng)考期末)Theactor_________(grow)upatasmallvillagewhenhewasyoung.14.(2022春·廣西河池·七年級(jí)統(tǒng)考期末)Mike________(study)fortheEnglishtestathomelastweekend.15.(2022春·湖南永州·七年級(jí)統(tǒng)考期末)Lastnight,myparents________(take)metotherestaurantandwehadabigdinner.16.(2022秋·廣東深圳·七年級(jí)??计谀¦henI_____(leave)school,itwasdarkoutside.17.(2022春·廣西南寧·七年級(jí)南寧市天桃實(shí)驗(yàn)學(xué)校校聯(lián)考期末)Mr.Smith________(buy)anewcamerayesterdayevening.18.(2022秋·山東淄博·七年級(jí)統(tǒng)考期末)I________(go)tothezoolastweekendandweenjoyedourselves.19.(2022春·遼寧大連·七年級(jí)統(tǒng)考期末)Lastyear,they______(build)lotsofhousesforpoorpeopleinthecountry.20.(2022春·遼寧撫順·七年級(jí)統(tǒng)考期末)Tomandhisfamily________(fly)toSanyatwoyearsago.21.(2022春·廣東云浮·七年級(jí)統(tǒng)考期末)XiaoMing__________(get)hurtinthefootballmatchlastSaturday.22.(2022春·遼寧大連·七年級(jí)統(tǒng)考期末)BettyandJenny__________intheseaforabout4hourslastFriday.(swim)23.(2022秋·黑龍江大慶·七年級(jí)??计谀㊣________(meet)myuncleattheairportyesterday.24.(2022春·云南普洱·七年級(jí)統(tǒng)考期末)—Howwastheweatheryesterday?—Itwasgreat.MyfriendsandI__________thestarsatnight.(watch)25.(2022春·重慶沙坪壩·七年級(jí)重慶八中校考期末)Lindaalwayslosesherkeysandshe________(lose)themagainlastweekend.26.(2022春·天津河西·七年級(jí)統(tǒng)考期末)He_________(bring)usfoodanddrinkyesterday.27.(2022春·江蘇淮安·七年級(jí)統(tǒng)考期末)Thefather________(fight)withthebadmantoprotecthischildyesterdayafternoon.28.(2022春·江蘇淮安·七年級(jí)統(tǒng)考期末)Abraveyoungboy________(save)anoldmanfromthefire.29.(2022春·河南鄭州·七年級(jí)校聯(lián)考期末)Thenewwork_______(worry)Tomsomuchthathecouldn’tsleepwelllastnight.30.(2022春·黑龍江佳木斯·七年級(jí)統(tǒng)考期末)ThismorningLinda’smother______(wake)herupat6:00.三.改寫(xiě)句子。1.(2022春·重慶忠縣·七年級(jí)統(tǒng)考期末)Istudiedforthetestlastnight.(改為否定句)I__________________
forthetestlastnight.2.(2022春·新疆阿克蘇·七年級(jí)統(tǒng)考期末)Lisahadeggsandmilkforbreakfastthismorning.(改為一般疑問(wèn)句)________Lisa________eggsandmilkforbreakfastthismorning?3.(2022秋·上海嘉定·七年級(jí)統(tǒng)考期中)Jackhadabrokenleginanaccidentlastmonth.(改為一般疑問(wèn)句)________Jack________abrokenleginanaccidentlastmonth?4.(2022春·甘肅武威·七年級(jí)統(tǒng)考期末)Weoftenseehimattheschoolgate.(用yesterday改寫(xiě))We_________himattheschoolgate__________.5.(2022春·七年級(jí)單元測(cè)試)LucyandLilysangEnglishsongsandperformedballetattheparty.(對(duì)畫(huà)線部分提問(wèn))________________LucyandLily________attheparty?6.(2022春·七年級(jí)單元測(cè)試)Thegirlfeltveryexcited.(劃線提問(wèn))________didthegirl________?7.(2022春·山東威?!て吣昙?jí)校聯(lián)考期中)Ittookhimhalfanhourtogettoschoolonfootyesterday.(對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn))______________________________________8.(2022秋·上海奉賢·七年級(jí)校聯(lián)考期末)Jennysoldhertoysbecauseshewantedtoraisemoney.(劃線部分提問(wèn))______________Jennysellhertoys?9.(2022春·重慶涪陵·七年級(jí)統(tǒng)考期末)Helenlistenedtoabeautifulsongyesterday.(對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn))________________Helenlistentoabeautifulsong?10.(2022春·七年級(jí)單元測(cè)試)Sallydidsomehouseworkthismorning.(改為否定句)Sally________________________houseworkthismorning.中考演練中考演練1.(2022·西藏·統(tǒng)考中考真題)WiththeeffortsofChinesegovernment,China________absolutepoverty(絕對(duì)貧困)in2021.A.end B.isended C.ended D.wasended2.(2022·上?!そy(tǒng)考中考真題)ThethreeChineseastronauts_______safelyfromspaceonApril16,2022.A.returned B.a(chǎn)rereturning C.havereturned D.hadreturned3.(2022·湖北黃石·統(tǒng)考中考真題)Davidhasworkedhe
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