Unit1Topic1-2023-2024學(xué)年八年級(jí)英語上冊(cè)單元速記巧練（教師版）

Unit1PlayingSportsTopic1I’mgoingtoplaybasketball.Unit1Topic1重點(diǎn)詞匯againstprep.對(duì)著,反對(duì)team n.隊(duì),組win v.獲勝,贏得cheerv.加油,歡呼;喝彩;n.歡呼聲,喝彩聲practicev.&n.練習(xí),實(shí)踐preferv.更喜歡,寧愿（選擇）rowv.劃船;n.一排,一行quiteadv.相當(dāng),很,十分join v.加入,參加;連接skatev.溜冰,滑冰;（滑）滑板cyclev.騎自行車n.循環(huán);周期tennisn.網(wǎng)球playern.運(yùn)動(dòng)員;比賽者,選手dreamn.夢(mèng),夢(mèng)想;v.做夢(mèng)growv.成長(zhǎng),生長(zhǎng);發(fā)育;種植;變成scientistn.科學(xué)家futuren.將來musician n.樂手,音樂家,樂師pilot n.飛行員;駕駛員policemann.男警察policewomann.女警察postman n.郵遞員,郵差fisherman n.漁民,釣魚的人jump v.n.跳躍spendv.花費(fèi)（金錢、時(shí)間等）;度過exercisev.鍛煉n.鍛煉;練習(xí)baseballn.棒球weekendn.周末part n.部分,一些,片段healthn.健康;保健popularadj.流行的,大眾的,受歡迎的worldn.世界,地球heartn.心臟,心lungn.肺;肺臟healthyadj.健康的,健壯的fitadj.健康的;適合的v.（使）適合;安裝relaxv.（使）放松,輕松famousadj.著名的teammaten.隊(duì)友excitedadj.激動(dòng)的,興奮的bad adj.令人不愉快的;壞的,leavev.離開;把……留下,剩下;n.假期,休假pityn.遺憾,可惜;同情,憐憫重點(diǎn)短語1.tabletennis乒乓球2.growup長(zhǎng)大成人,成長(zhǎng)3.inthefuture今后4.begoodat擅長(zhǎng)于…的,精通的5.takepartin參加,加入6.begoodfor對(duì)…有益7.allover到處,遍及8.thedayaftertomorrow后天9.keepfit保持健康10.leavefor動(dòng)身去某地重點(diǎn)句型1.—Whatareyougoingtodo?你打算去干什么？—I'mgoingtoplaybasketball.我打算去打籃球。2.Ioftensawyouplaybasketballduringthesummerholiday.在暑假期間，我經(jīng)?？匆娔愦蚧@球。3.—WearegoingtohaveabasketballgameagainstClassThreeonSunday.星期天我們打算和三班進(jìn)行一場(chǎng)籃球比賽。—Ihopeourteamwillwin.我希望我們隊(duì)會(huì)贏。4.Wouldyouliketoeandcheeruson?你想來為我們加油嗎？5.—Whichsportdoyouprefer,swimmingorrowing?你更喜歡哪項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)，游泳還是劃船？—Ipreferrowing.我更喜歡劃船。6.—Doyourowmuch?你經(jīng)常劃船嗎？—Yes,quitealot.是的，經(jīng)常。/No,seldom.不，很少。7.—Whatareyougoingtobewhenyougrowup?長(zhǎng)大后你想成為什么？—I'mgoingtobeascientist.我打算成為一名科學(xué)家。8.Shespendshalfanhourexercisinginthegymeveryday.每天她花費(fèi)半個(gè)小時(shí)在體育館做鍛煉。9.Sheisalsogoodatjumping.她也擅長(zhǎng)跳。10.Thereisgoingtobeaschoolsportsmeetnextweekend.下周末將會(huì)有一場(chǎng)學(xué)校運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)。11.Becauseitmakeshimstrongandit'spopularallovertheworld.因?yàn)樗顾麖?qiáng)壯，而且它在世界上很流行。12.TheyareleavingforJapanthedayaftertomorrowforagamewithJapan'snationalteam.后天他們要?jiǎng)由砣ト毡竞腿毡緡?guó)家隊(duì)進(jìn)行比賽。語法1.begoingto結(jié)構(gòu)表示一般將來時(shí)?！究键c(diǎn)1】—Whatareyougoingtodo?你打算做什么？—I’mgoingtoplaybasketball。我打算打籃球去?！驹斀狻縝egoingto后接動(dòng)詞原形，表示即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或情況。be動(dòng)詞隨著主語的人稱和數(shù)的變化而變化。e.g.BillisgoingtowatchTV.比爾打算去看電視。它的一般疑問句形式是直接把be動(dòng)詞提到句首。e.g.Areyougoingtoplaysoccertomorrow?你打算明天踢足球嗎？【典例】1.I______goingtoswim.2.He______goingtorun.3.They______goingtoplaytennis.【參考答案】1.am2.is3.are【考點(diǎn)2】IoftensawyouplaybasketballduringtheSummerholidays.暑假期間，我經(jīng)?？匆娔愦蚧@球?！驹斀狻浚?）seesb.dosth.意為“看見某人做某事”，強(qiáng)調(diào)看到動(dòng)作的全過程。seesb.doingsth.意為“看見某人正在做某事”，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行。常見的感官動(dòng)詞有：feel.see,watch,hear,notice,smell等。后可接=1\*GB3①動(dòng)詞ing形式，表此動(dòng)作正在發(fā)生。=2\*GB3②動(dòng)詞原形，不表此動(dòng)作正在發(fā)生,表此動(dòng)作已完成或存在的事實(shí)。e.g.Hesawhercrosstheroad.他看見她穿過了馬路。Isawherdancingatthistimeyesterday.昨天這個(gè)時(shí)候我看見她正在跳舞。（2）duringthesummerholidays在暑假期間。此處during表示“在……期間”，相當(dāng)于in。【典例】1.IoftenseeTom________(play)socceronSundayafternoon.2.WhenIpassedby,Isawagirl________(sing)asongintheclassroom.3.Mariaoftengoesswimming__________thesummer.【參考答案】1.play2.singing3.during【考點(diǎn)3】—Ihopeourteamwillwin.我希望我們隊(duì)會(huì)贏。—Me,too.我也是?！驹斀狻?1)hopetodosth./wanttodosth./wouldliketodosth.hope+that從句【拓展】①wish也有“希望”的意思，后接動(dòng)詞不定式或“賓語+不定式”，其意義相當(dāng)于“想要”，“希望”（=wouldliketodosth.或wanttodosth.）②wish接that從句時(shí)一般表示某種強(qiáng)烈而又難以實(shí)現(xiàn)的“愿望”，而hope表示的是可以實(shí)現(xiàn)或能達(dá)到的“希望”。③wish表示良好的“祝愿”，后面接“賓語+賓補(bǔ)（形容詞或名詞）”。而hope不能這樣用。(2)win贏得，勝利?？勺骷拔飫?dòng)詞或不及物動(dòng)詞。過去式為won,winner勝利者.【典例】1.I_________(hope/wish)tobehappyeveryday.2.I_________(hope/wish)youhappyeveryday.【參考答案】1.hope/wish2.wish【考點(diǎn)4】Youknow,wearegoingtohaveabasketballgameagainstClassThreeonSunday.你知道星期天我們將和三班進(jìn)行一場(chǎng)籃球比賽?！驹斀狻浚?）against意為“對(duì)著；反對(duì)；靠著”。反義詞是for?！就卣埂縜gainst作為介詞，還有“緊靠，倚”的意思。e.g.Putthetablethere,againstthewall.把桌子放在那，緊靠著墻?！究键c(diǎn)5】—Wouldyouliketoeandcheeruson?你想來為我們加油嗎？【詳解】（1）Wouldyoulike+todo?表建議或邀請(qǐng)。常用I’dloveto或I’dbegladto來回答，不同意常用“I’dloveto,but…”來拒絕別人。如：Wouldyouliketoplaybasketballwithme?I’dloveto,butIhavealotofhomeworktodo.(2)cheersbon(以歡呼)激勵(lì)某人，為某人加油，向某人歡呼后接名詞，放在cheeron的中間和后面都可以；人稱代詞，則必須放在中間。如：Ourfriendswillcheeruson.【典例】1.Theywouldliketoc______uson.Weareveryhappy.【參考答案】1.cheer【考點(diǎn)6】Whichsportdoyouprefer,swimmingorrowing?你更喜歡哪種運(yùn)動(dòng)，游泳還是劃船？【詳解】prefer意為“更喜歡”，其后可接名詞、動(dòng)名詞或動(dòng)詞不定式。如：(1)Whichdoyouprefer,bananasororanges?香蕉和橘子，你更喜歡哪一個(gè)？Ipreferoranges.我喜歡橘子。(2)Manypeopleprefertoliveinthecountryside.很多人更愿意住在鄉(xiāng)下。prefer...to...意為“和……相比更喜歡……”。preferAtoB/preferdoingAtodoingB.(3)Ipreferskatingtoswimming.和游泳相比我更喜歡滑冰。。【典例】1. LiLei______bananas_______appleswhenhewasachild.A.prefers;toB.prefer;toC.preferred;betterD.preferred;to【參考答案】1.A【考點(diǎn)7】ShegoescyclingtwiceaweekandoftengoesmountainclimbingonSundays.她一周騎兩次車，而且經(jīng)常星期天去爬山。【詳解】twiceaweek意為“一周兩次”,onceaweek意為“一周一次”，三次或三次以上用“數(shù)字+times”如：threetimes【拓展】①time除了解釋為次數(shù)外，還可以解釋為倍數(shù)，句型是：“A+be+數(shù)字+times+as+形容詞原級(jí)+as+B”。如：Theboxisfourtimesasbigasthatone.這個(gè)盒子是那個(gè)的四倍大。②對(duì)onceaweek提問，要用howoften【典例】1.Xiaogangplaysbasketball________(two)aweek.【參考答案】1.twice【考點(diǎn)7】Shespendshalfanhourexercisinginthegymeveryday.她每天在體育館花費(fèi)半小時(shí)鍛煉身體?！驹斀狻?1)spendsometime/money(in)doingsth.花費(fèi)時(shí)間/金錢做某事spend還可用于“spendsometime/moneyonsth.”在某事上花費(fèi)時(shí)間/金錢。如：IspendanhourinpracticingEnglisheveryday.擴(kuò)展：take,cost和pay也可指花費(fèi)，但用法不同。=1\*GB3①take的主語一般是一件事，只用于固定句型Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.表示“做某事花費(fèi)某人多少時(shí)間”。如：Ittakesmeanhourtodomyhomeworkeveryday.=2\*GB3②cost的主語必須是“物”或“事”。用于sth.cost(s)sb.somemoney結(jié)構(gòu)中。如：Thebookcostme30yuanlastweek.=3\*GB3③pay的主語是人，pay...for。如;Hepaid5yuanforthispen.(2)exercise“體操、練習(xí)”，可數(shù)名詞。如：domorningexercises;doEnglishexercises“鍛煉，運(yùn)動(dòng)”，不可數(shù)名詞。如：doexercise“鍛煉，運(yùn)動(dòng)”，動(dòng)詞。如：Sheexerciseseverymorning.【典例】1.I________(花費(fèi))tenyuanonthisbookyesterday.2.It________(花費(fèi))metenyuantobuythisbookyesterday.【參考答案】1.spent2.took【考點(diǎn)8】Sheisalsogoodatjumping.她還擅長(zhǎng)跳?！驹斀狻浚?）begoodat…=dowellin…擅長(zhǎng)于…如：IamgoodatEnglish.=IdowellinEnglish.begoodfor…對(duì)…有好處，Runningisgoodforyourhealth.反義詞為：bebadat=dobadlyin不擅長(zhǎng)….bebadfor對(duì)…有害【典例】1.Runningisgood_______ourhealth.2.Iamgood_______running.【參考答案】1.for2.at【考點(diǎn)9】Becauseitmakesmestronganditispopularallovertheworld.因?yàn)樗?足球)使他強(qiáng)壯，而且它在全世界都很受歡迎?！驹斀狻?1)make/keepsb./sth.+adj使某人/某物怎么樣makesb./sth.+dosth.使某人/某物做某事如：Hemadethegirlcry.Imadehimveryhappy.(2)bepopular(withsb.)受喜愛的，受歡迎的。如：JayZhouisverypopularwithyoungpeople.(3)allovertheworld全世界。allover到處，處處【考點(diǎn)10】HearrivedinBeijingwithhisteamyesterday.他和他的隊(duì)友昨天到達(dá)了北京?！驹斀狻勘淼竭_(dá)的有：①arriveat+(小地名)；arrivein+（大地名）②getto+賓語③reach+賓語?！镜淅?.Heoftenarrives_______schoolearly.2.Whenwillyouget_______China?【參考答案】1.at2.to【考點(diǎn)11】Butit’stoobadthattheteamisn’tgoingtostayforlong.但是很遺憾這些隊(duì)員不能待很久?！驹斀狻?1)主語是that從句部分，前用it來代替它。因此這是一個(gè)含主語從句的復(fù)合句，其中thattheteamisn’tgoingtostayforlong是主語從句。It’stoobadthat…=It’sapitythat…=It’sashamethat..很遺憾….. 擴(kuò)展：It’sadjforsb.todosth.對(duì)某人來說做某事是……(2)for與表示“一段時(shí)間”的詞或短語連用。e.g.stayfortwoweeks逗留兩周?！究键c(diǎn)12】TheyareleavingforJapanthedayaftertomorrow.他們將會(huì)在后天動(dòng)身去日本和日本國(guó)家隊(duì)進(jìn)行一場(chǎng)比賽?！驹斀狻浚?）leave+地點(diǎn)“離開某地”leavefor+地點(diǎn)“動(dòng)身前往某地”leave+地點(diǎn)+for+地點(diǎn)“離開某地去某地”（2）這是一個(gè)用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來的句子。在英語中一些表示位置轉(zhuǎn)移的動(dòng)詞，如：go,e,leave,arrive,fly等都可以用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來?！镜淅?.We____________(fly)toShanghaitomorrow.【參考答案】1.areflying【考點(diǎn)1】begoingto結(jié)構(gòu)表示一般將來時(shí)（1）begoingto的含義及結(jié)構(gòu)含義：表示按計(jì)劃或安排要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，也可以表示推測(cè)將要或肯定會(huì)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，有“準(zhǔn)備;打算”的意思。結(jié)構(gòu)：begoingto后面需要接動(dòng)詞原形。注：句子中時(shí)常有表示將來的時(shí)間狀語。例如:TheboardofdirectorsaregoingtoholdameetingthisFriday.周五董事會(huì)準(zhǔn)備召開會(huì)議。(安排)Itisthunderingoutside.It'sgoingtorain.看那些烏云，快要下雨了。(推測(cè))：（2）begoingto中be動(dòng)詞的變化begoingto結(jié)構(gòu)中的助動(dòng)詞be很少用原形。立足于現(xiàn)在的時(shí)間表示將來的打算，be動(dòng)詞有三種形式：am，is，are。主語是I，be動(dòng)詞用am主語是第三人稱單數(shù)，be動(dòng)詞用is主語是復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，be動(dòng)詞用are。例句:Iamgoingtogoswimmingthisweekend.周末我準(zhǔn)備去游泳。Heisgoingtovisitthenationalmuseumthisafternoon.他打算今天下午去國(guó)立博物館。WearegoingtoholdapartyforJimthisFriday.本周五我們準(zhǔn)備為Jim辦個(gè)聚會(huì)。（3）含有begoingto的句子的否定句，疑問句及其回答①否定句：在be動(dòng)詞后加note.g.Iamnot

goingtogoswimmingthisweekend.周末我不打算去游泳。②一般疑問句：把be(am,is,are)放到句首，在句末加問號(hào)就構(gòu)成了一般疑問句。注意：Iam...在改為一般疑問句時(shí)常常改為“Areyou....?”e.g.Areyougoingtogoswimmingthisweekend?.周末你打算去游泳嗎？③一般疑問句的答句：肯定回答:Yes,主語+am/is/are.

否定回答：No,主語+isn't/aren't./No,I'mnot.e.g.—Areyougoingtogoswimmingthisweekend?.周末你打算去游泳嗎？—Yes,Iam./No,I’mnot.④特殊疑問句：—Whatareyougoingtodothismorning?今天早晨你打算干什么？—Iamgoingtodomyhomework.我打算寫作業(yè)。注：特殊疑問詞+begoingto組成了含有begoingto的特殊疑問句。（4）使用begoingto的注意事項(xiàng)：①Therebe句型中b