2024-2025學(xué)年高中英語(yǔ)版必修第一冊(cè)北師版 Unit 2 單元專(zhuān)項(xiàng)提升

UNIT2Sportandfitness單元專(zhuān)項(xiàng)提升英語(yǔ)版必修第一冊(cè)北師版單元語(yǔ)法歸納巧梳理·知識(shí)框圖挖教材·語(yǔ)法示例用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系代詞完成下列教材中的句子并體會(huì)它們的語(yǔ)法特征1.When

we

weren't

playing

on

the

court___________was

next

to

our

building,

we

were

watching

a

game

on

TV.2.Paul's

favourite

player

was

Tyrone

Bogues,

a

guy_________played

for

the

Charlotte

Hornets,

although

we

actually

agree

that

they

are

both

champions.3.Everyone

knew

Paul

had

real

skills,

and

was

someone_____worked

really

hard

and

had

a

strong

desire

to

play

for

the

team.4.This

week,

The

Lions

were

playing

our

main

competitors,

The

Bears,

a

team

_______record

this

season

had

been

perfect.5.Paul

didn't

know

he'd

soon

get

the

chance___________he'd

been

waiting

for.6.And

clearly,

all

the

extra

hours_____he'd

spent

practising

alone

paid

off.which/thatwho/thatwhowhosewhich/thatthat細(xì)歸納

語(yǔ)法精講限制性定語(yǔ)從句（Ⅰ）——關(guān)系代詞知識(shí)點(diǎn)1

定語(yǔ)從句概述定義在復(fù)合句中用來(lái)限制、描繪或說(shuō)明主句中某一名詞、代詞，整個(gè)主句或主句的一部分的從句叫定語(yǔ)從句，它所修飾的對(duì)象叫作先行詞。定語(yǔ)從句分為限制性定語(yǔ)從句和非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。注意：①限制性定語(yǔ)從句與先行詞之間的關(guān)系非常密切，說(shuō)明先行詞的性質(zhì)、身份、特征等狀況，不能省略，否則句意就不完整。②引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞包括關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞。關(guān)系詞作用：①連接主句和從句；②指代先行詞；③在從句中充當(dāng)句子成分。分類(lèi)：①關(guān)系代詞：that,

which,

who,

whom,whose,as（本單元講前五個(gè)的用法）；②關(guān)系副詞：when，where，why等。續(xù)表知識(shí)點(diǎn)2

關(guān)系代詞的基本用法

關(guān)系代詞用于指代表示人或物的先行詞，在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)等成分。1.who指人，在定語(yǔ)從句中可以作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略。Here

comes

the

girl

主語(yǔ)who

（在從句中作）wants

to

see

you.想見(jiàn)你的那個(gè)女孩過(guò)來(lái)了。He

is

the

man

（who（在從句中作賓語(yǔ),可省略。））

I

saw

yesterday.他就是我昨天見(jiàn)到的那個(gè)人。2.whom指人，在定語(yǔ)從句中可作賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)，可省略；（在口語(yǔ)中）whom作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可用who代替。若whom前有介詞，則不能用who代替，也不可省略。Rose

is

the

person

（whom/who）

you

should

look

after.羅絲是你應(yīng)該照顧的人。When

I

have

trouble,

he

is

the

only

one

to

whom

I

can

go

for

help.

當(dāng)我有困難時(shí)，他是我唯一可以求助的人。3.whose

指人或物，在定語(yǔ)從句中作定語(yǔ)。They

rushed

over

to

help

the

man

whose

（作定語(yǔ)，指人。）car

had

broken

down.那個(gè)人的車(chē)壞了，他們沖過(guò)去幫忙。Please

pass

me

the

book

whose（作定語(yǔ)，指物。）

cover

is

green.請(qǐng)遞給我那本綠皮的書(shū)。4.which一般指物，在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)等。作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)一般可省略。若which前有介詞，則which不可省略。China

is

a

country

which（在從句中作主語(yǔ)）

has

a

long

history.中國(guó)是一個(gè)歷史悠久的國(guó)家。The

package

（which（在從句中作賓語(yǔ)，可省略。））

you

are

carrying

is

about

to

fall.你拿的包快掉了。5.that

既可指人，也可指物，在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)等，作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)一般可省略。指人時(shí)一般可用who替代，指物時(shí)一般可用which替代。The

number

of

people

that/who

（在從句中作主語(yǔ)）come

to

visit

this

city

each

year

reaches

one

million.每年來(lái)參觀這座城市的人數(shù)達(dá)一百萬(wàn)。The

chair

（that/which（在從句中作賓語(yǔ),可省略。））

you

broke

yesterday

is

now

being

repaired.你昨天弄壞的那把椅子現(xiàn)在正在修。

關(guān)系代詞替代先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)，因此定語(yǔ)從句中不能再出現(xiàn)關(guān)系代詞所替代的名詞或代詞。昨天你借我的那本書(shū)十分有趣。［誤］The

book

（that/which）

you

lent

it

to

me

yesterday

is

very

interesting.［正］The

book

（that/which）

you

lent

to

me

yesterday

is

very

interesting.鏈高考

真題精練語(yǔ)法填空1.(2022·浙江1月)New

research

found

that

middle-aged

women

_________

were

physically

fit

could

be

nearly

90

percent

less

likely

to

develop

dementia（失智癥）

in

later

life.who/that【解析】句意：新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，身體健康的中年女性在晚年患失智癥的可能性小近90%。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞women,且從句中缺少主語(yǔ)，所以用who/that。2.(全國(guó)Ⅲ卷)As

a

businesswoman,

I

care

deeply

about

my

customers.

But

like

anyone

for

_______

you

feel

affection,customers

can

also

drive

you

mad.whom【解析】分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，"for

___

you

feel

affection"為定語(yǔ)從句，修飾anyone（指人），且空處位于介詞之后，故只能填whom。3.(2023·全國(guó)乙卷)The

color

she

chose

came

in

a

box

which

had

a

picture

of

a

woman

_______

hair

color

looked

just

perfect.whose【解析】分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空處引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，該從句修飾先行詞woman,且空處在從句中作定語(yǔ),修飾hair

color,故用關(guān)系代詞whose。4.(2023·浙江1月)I

parked

my

car

outside

the

farm

and

walked

past

a

milking

house

___________

had

apparently

not

been

used

in

many

years.that/which【解析】分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞為a

milking

house，指物，且定語(yǔ)從句中缺少主語(yǔ)，故填關(guān)系代詞that/which。知識(shí)點(diǎn)3

關(guān)系代詞的選擇（that/which）

宜用that不用which的情況1.當(dāng)先行詞是all、much、anything、something、everything、nothing、little、none等不定代詞時(shí)。She

told

me

everything

that

she

knew.她把她所知道的一切都告訴了我。2.當(dāng)先行詞指物且被all、no、few、any、little（少）、some、much、last、only、very等修飾時(shí)。I've

read

all

the

books

that

were

borrowed

from

others.

我已經(jīng)讀了從別人那兒借來(lái)的所有的書(shū)。3.當(dāng)先行詞為序數(shù)詞或被序數(shù)詞修飾，或先行詞為形容詞最高級(jí)或被形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)。This

is

the

most

exciting

football

game

that

I

have

ever

seen.這是我看過(guò)的最激動(dòng)人心的足球比賽。The

first

place

that

they

visited

in

Guilin

was

Elephant

Trunk

Hill.在桂林他們參觀的第一個(gè)地方是象鼻山。4.當(dāng)先行詞既有人又有物時(shí)。I

can

remember

well

the

persons

and

some

pictures

that

I

saw

in

the

room.我能清楚地記得我在那個(gè)房間里所見(jiàn)到的人和一些照片。鏈高考

真題精練語(yǔ)法填空1.(全國(guó)Ⅱ卷)I

refuse

to

accept

the

blame

for

something_____was

someone

else's

fault.that【解析】分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處不定代詞something作先行詞，關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。2.(全國(guó)Ⅲ卷)Understanding

her

good

intentions,

I

eat

all

the

food_____

is

provided

by

Mom

with

appreciation.that【解析】分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，從句缺少主語(yǔ)，先行詞為the

food,且被all修飾，故定語(yǔ)從句要用that引導(dǎo)。知識(shí)點(diǎn)4

定語(yǔ)從句中的主謂一致

一般情況下，關(guān)系代詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，定語(yǔ)從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的人稱(chēng)和數(shù)與先行詞的人稱(chēng)和數(shù)保持一致。The

books

that

were

sold

out

in

two

weeks

were

all

written

by

Tom.兩周內(nèi)賣(mài)光的那些書(shū)都是湯姆寫(xiě)的。I'm

fond

of

the

piece

of

music

which

was

played

by

Jenny.我喜歡珍妮演奏的那首曲子。

"one

of

the

+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)+定語(yǔ)從句"結(jié)構(gòu)中，定語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式，即以"可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)"為定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞；而"the

only/very/right

one

of

the

+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)+定語(yǔ)從句"結(jié)構(gòu)中，定語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式，因?yàn)槎ㄕZ(yǔ)從句的先行詞為"the

only

one"。He

is

one

of

the

players

who

were

presented

with

the

medal.他是被授予了獎(jiǎng)?wù)碌倪\(yùn)動(dòng)員之一。He

is

the

only

one

of

the

players

who

was

presented

with

the

medal.他是唯一一位被授予了獎(jiǎng)?wù)碌倪\(yùn)動(dòng)員。鏈高考

真題精練語(yǔ)法填空(全國(guó)Ⅱ卷)Barbara

is

easy

to

recognize

as

she's

the

only

one

of

the

women

who

_______（wear）

evening

dress.wears【解析】當(dāng)"the

only

one

of

the

+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)"為先行詞時(shí)，定語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用單數(shù)形式。另外，由題干中的時(shí)態(tài)及語(yǔ)境可知，這里要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，故填wears。語(yǔ)法練

專(zhuān)項(xiàng)提升Ⅰ

用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系代詞填空1.(2024·上海師大附中期末)The

books

on

the

desk

_______

covers

are

shiny

are

prizes

for

us.whose【解析】分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞為T(mén)he

books，和名詞covers之間存在所屬關(guān)系，所以關(guān)系代詞應(yīng)用whose,作定語(yǔ)，修飾covers。2.Evidently,

those

_____

can

stick

to

their

dreams

are

more

likely

to

succeed.who【解析】空處引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾指示代詞those（指人），故空處用who。3.The

writer

and

his

novel

_____

you

have

just

talked

about

are

really

well-known.that【解析】此處先行詞既有人又有物，故填that。4.There

is

no

success

without

hard

work;

success

is

something_____

is

only

earned

after

much

effort.that【解析】此處先行詞為指物的不定代詞something，故從句用that引導(dǎo)。5.She

is

the

teacher

from_______

I

have

borrowed

this

dictionary.whom【解析】定語(yǔ)從句"from____

I

have

borrowed

this

dictionary"修飾先行詞the

teacher，且關(guān)系代詞位于介詞from后，故填whom。6.(2023·全國(guó)乙卷)But

for

all

its

ancient

buildings,

Beijing

is

also

a

place

___________

welcomes

the

fast-paced

development

of

modern

life.that/which【解析】分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞a

place，指物，且空處在從句中作主語(yǔ)，故用that或which引導(dǎo)均可。Ⅱ

用關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句合并下列句子1.I

have

a

friend.

He

likes

listening

to

classical

music._______________________________________________________I

have

a

friend

that/who

likes

listening

to

classical

music.2.Last

week

Mary

wore

the

dress.

I

gave

it

to

her._______________________________________________________Last

week

Mary

wore

the

dress

that/which

I

gave

to

her.3.They

live

in

a

room.

Its

window

faces

south.______________________________________________They

live

in

a

room

whose

window

faces

south.4.She

wants

to

visit

the

village.

Her

mother

likes

it

best.___________________________________________________________She

wants

to

visit

the

village

that/which

her

mother

likes

best.5.The

old

man

likes

reading

the

newspaper

every

day.

It

contains

important

information._______________________________________________________________________________________________The

old

man

likes

reading

the

newspaper

that/which

contains

important

information

every

day.寫(xiě)作方法指導(dǎo)如何寫(xiě)敘事類(lèi)記敘文

敘事類(lèi)記敘文主要是對(duì)某一事件的發(fā)生、發(fā)展和結(jié)果進(jìn)行敘述，重在敘述事情發(fā)生、發(fā)展的過(guò)程。這類(lèi)寫(xiě)作的考查重點(diǎn)是語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用的正確性、句子的連貫性、信息表述的完整性等。

敘事類(lèi)記敘文寫(xiě)作時(shí)應(yīng)注意的問(wèn)題：常用表達(dá)1.交代時(shí)間：one

day;

the

other

day；

when

I

was…years

old;

by

the

end

of

last

term;

during

the

summer

holidays;

on

Sunday

morning...2.交代地點(diǎn)：on

the

way

to

school;

on

the

way

home;

at

the

crossing;

at

the

end

of

the

street;

at

the

foot

of

the

mountain...3.介紹故事情節(jié)：Sb.was

doing…in

someplace

when…Sb.was

about

to

do…when…=Sb.was

on

the

point

of

doing…when…Sb.had

just

done…when…4.介紹故事的結(jié)果或談自己的感想①常用詞匯:finally;

luckily/fortunately;

to

one's

surprise;

feel

tired/delighted②常用句型:What

surprised/attracted/delighted

us

most

was

that…Through

this

meaningful

activity,

we

learned

something

that

can't

be

learned

in

class.I

was

deeply

impressed/moved/touched

by…巧運(yùn)用

典例詳析書(shū)面表達(dá)

（2023·全國(guó)乙卷）學(xué)校英文報(bào)組織同學(xué)們分享自己在假期中學(xué)到的新技能，請(qǐng)你以此為主題寫(xiě)一篇短文投稿。內(nèi)容包括：

1.簡(jiǎn)要描述；

2.體驗(yàn)和感受。

注意：

1.詞數(shù)100左右；

2.題目已為你寫(xiě)好。A

教你審題體裁敘事類(lèi)記敘文時(shí)態(tài)一般過(guò)去時(shí)為主人稱(chēng)第一人稱(chēng)為主要點(diǎn)1.學(xué)習(xí)了哪種新技能；2.遇到的困難和挑戰(zhàn)；3.收獲和感悟。B

教你選詞1.有機(jī)會(huì)做某事______________________________2.在某人的指導(dǎo)下_________________________have

an

opportunity

to

do

sth.under

the

guidance

of

sb.Learning

a

New

Skill3.設(shè)法做成某事__________________4.在……方面很出色_______________________manage

to

do

sth.be/become

excellent

at...C

教你造句1.我有機(jī)會(huì)在一家俱樂(lè)部學(xué)習(xí)滑雪。_____________________________________________2.開(kāi)始滑行的時(shí)候，我很害怕。________________________________________3.我不知道該怎么做。__________________________4.在教練的指導(dǎo)下我成功地控制住了身體。_____________________________________________________________________________________I

had

an

opportunity

to

learn

to

ski

at

a

club.When

I

started

to

slide,I

was

very

afraid.I

didn't

know

what

to

do.Under

the

guidance

of

the

instructor

I

managed

to

control

my

body

successfully.D

教你升級(jí)用"so...that..."結(jié)構(gòu)合并句2和句3。___________________________________________________________________When

I

started

to

slide,I

was

so

afraid

that

I

didn't

know

what

to

do.E

教你成篇Learning

a

New

Skill

Skiing

has

always

been

a

challenging

and

interesting

sport

for

me.【*】

Last

winter

vacation,

I

finally

had

an

opportunity

to

learn

to

ski

at

a

club.

As

a

beginner,just

putting

myself

on

the

skis

was

a

challenge.

When

I

started

to

slide,I

was

so

afraid

that

I

didn't

know

what

to

do—except

throwing

myself

in

the

snow.

However,

under

the

guidance

of

the

instructor

and

after

my

repeated

failure

and

tries,I

finally

made

my

first

turn

and

managed

to

control

my

body

successfully.

From

my

skiing

experience,I

learn

that

with

repeated

practice

and

confidence,

everyone

can

become

excellent

at

learning

a

new

skill.［名師點(diǎn)評(píng)］本文要點(diǎn)齊全，條理清晰，多樣化的敘述句式彰顯了作者較高的英語(yǔ)表達(dá)能力?！?】本句引入話題——假期學(xué)習(xí)滑雪技能，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和always的運(yùn)用突出了作者長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)對(duì)滑雪的認(rèn)知。［思考］你還能從范文中總結(jié)的有用表達(dá)：詞匯____句式____提能力

遷移訓(xùn)練書(shū)面表達(dá)

(2024·河南信陽(yáng)期末)近期你校舉行了一次迎冬至（the

winter

solstice）活動(dòng),假如你是學(xué)校英語(yǔ)報(bào)記者李華，請(qǐng)寫(xiě)一篇短文報(bào)道此次活動(dòng)。內(nèi)容包括：

1.活動(dòng)的目的；

2.活動(dòng)的具體情況；

3.大家的感受。注意：詞數(shù)80左右_______【參考答案】

In

order

to

get

a

better

understanding

of

our

tradition

and

relieve

us

from

study

pressure,

our

school

organized

an

activity

with

the

theme

of

"Welcome

The

Winter

Solstice"

in

the

school

gym

last

weekend.

There

were

various

activities,

ranging

from

making

dumplings

on

our

own

to

live

talent

shows.

Under

the

guidance

of

our

teachers,

we

created

handmade

dumplings

with

different

shapes

and

fillings.

This

activity

turned

out

to

be

a

great

joy.

Not

only

did

we

get

knowledge

about

life

skills

but

also

we

strengthened

our

national

pride

and

confidence.［總結(jié)］

范文中使用的本單元新學(xué)表達(dá)：詞匯

__________________relieve、strengthen高考題型突破如何通過(guò)核心詞復(fù)現(xiàn)巧做閱讀理解七選五真題在線

閱讀理解七選五

CGA

DE

本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。作者是一個(gè)藝術(shù)家，在此以第一人稱(chēng)的口吻針對(duì)初學(xué)者開(kāi)啟藝術(shù)之旅給出了一些技巧和建議。36.___C【解析】空前一句提到這些小型習(xí)作可以提供靈感，可能是未來(lái)更復(fù)雜作品的跳板?？蘸笠痪渲v到了"You'll

want

to

look

back

on

your

journey

to

see

how

far

you've

come"，即你會(huì)想要回顧自己的藝術(shù)之旅，看看自己已經(jīng)取得了多大的進(jìn)展，因此空處應(yīng)為承上啟下的過(guò)渡句，既與開(kāi)始階段的"small

studies"有關(guān)，又與將來(lái)"look

back

on"的物件有關(guān)，而C項(xiàng)中的"your

beginner

art"最貼合語(yǔ)境，它可以幫助你看到自己從開(kāi)始到現(xiàn)在取得的進(jìn)步，故選C項(xiàng)。且本段主題句中的"Start"也是提示，與C項(xiàng)中的"beginner"屬于同義復(fù)現(xiàn)。37.___G【解析】空處位于本段的結(jié)尾，空前一句"Whether

you

paint

still

lives,

portraits,

or

landscapes,

paint

from

life

as

much

as

possible"講到了無(wú)論你是畫(huà)靜物畫(huà)、肖像畫(huà)還是風(fēng)景畫(huà)，都要盡可能多地寫(xiě)生，空處應(yīng)與這樣做的目的或結(jié)果有關(guān)，而G項(xiàng)"你將培養(yǎng)出只有通過(guò)重復(fù)（練習(xí)）才能得到的繪畫(huà)肌肉記憶"正是指出了這樣做的好處，承接上文，符合語(yǔ)境，故選G項(xiàng)。38.___A【解析】根據(jù)本段的主旨句"Continually

challenge

yourself

to

try

something

new"可知，本段主要圍繞"不斷挑戰(zhàn)自我去嘗試新事物"展開(kāi)，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容可推知，"Get

out

of

your

comfort

zone"就是"challenge

yourself"的一種方式。A項(xiàng)中的"comfort"與空前的"challenge"還存在反義關(guān)系。39.___D【解析】結(jié)合本空的位置可知，本空考查段落主旨句。根據(jù)空后的"feedback（反饋）"可知，空處應(yīng)與"展示""分享""交流"有關(guān)，故可推斷答案為D項(xiàng)。且后文中的"post

my

work"與D項(xiàng)中的"Share

your

work"屬于同義復(fù)現(xiàn)。40.___E【解析】空前一句講到了"The

journey

you're

on

won't

follow

a

straight

path"（你的旅途不會(huì)一路平坦），而空后講到了"Push

through,

give

it

time

and

put

in

the

effort"（堅(jiān)持下去，給它時(shí)間，付出努力），這是面對(duì)困境時(shí)的做法，因此空處應(yīng)舉例說(shuō)明"won't

follow

a

straight

path"的情況，而E項(xiàng)中的"roadblocks"和"discouraged"就是藝術(shù)之旅中的曲折之處，故可確定答案為E項(xiàng)。

詞語(yǔ)摘抄①put

together匯集；組織②look

back

on回首（往事）；回憶；回顧③put

in/into花費(fèi)，耗費(fèi)，投入（時(shí)間、心思等）④still

life

n.

［C,U］靜物畫(huà)⑤portrait

/?p?:tre?t/

n.

［C］肖像，半身照⑥landscape

/?l?ndske?p/

n.［C,usually

sing.］風(fēng)景，景色⑦constructive

adj.

建設(shè)性的,有助益的,積極的詞鏈

construct（vt.

修建）→

construction（n.［U］

建造）→constructive（adj.）⑧be

crucial

to...

對(duì)……至關(guān)重要crucial

/?kru:?l/

adj.至關(guān)重要的⑨in

turn

相應(yīng)地,轉(zhuǎn)而；依次,輪流⑩harvest

/?hɑ?v?st/

vt.獲取，收獲

n.

［C,U］收獲?comfort

zone

n.［C,usually

sing.］舒適區(qū)?hit

roadblocks遇到障礙hit

vt.

熟詞生義

遇到（困難）；經(jīng)歷（不愉快的事情）Everything

was

going

well

but

then

we____trouble.

原本一切都進(jìn)行得很順利，但后來(lái)我們遇到了麻煩。roadblock

n.［C］障礙hit?discouraged

/d?s?k?r?d?d/

adj.灰心的，喪氣的?redefine

vt.重新定義［思考］我們之前學(xué)過(guò)前綴re-的用法，你能說(shuō)出該詞綴的含義并列出三個(gè)由其構(gòu)成的單詞嗎？?repetition

/?rep??t??n/

n.

［U,C］重復(fù)，重做，重說(shuō)語(yǔ)篇梳理通方法

解題指導(dǎo)如何通過(guò)核心詞復(fù)現(xiàn)巧做閱讀理解七選五

閱讀理解七選五文章各段落的大意都圍繞文章的中心思想展開(kāi)，而每個(gè)段落也通常是圍繞一個(gè)主旨進(jìn)行闡述的。闡述段落主旨時(shí)，經(jīng)常會(huì)有核心詞的復(fù)現(xiàn)，但這并不是詞語(yǔ)的簡(jiǎn)單重復(fù)，而是以原詞、同義詞或近義詞、反義詞、同源詞、概括詞等多種形式出現(xiàn)。常見(jiàn)的復(fù)現(xiàn)情況有：原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)同一個(gè)詞重復(fù)出現(xiàn)同義復(fù)現(xiàn)以同義詞的形式重復(fù)出現(xiàn)近義復(fù)現(xiàn)以近義詞或近義表達(dá)（意思相近，表達(dá)方式不同）的形式重復(fù)出現(xiàn)同根復(fù)現(xiàn)以詞義相同而詞性不同的形式重復(fù)出現(xiàn)上義詞與下義詞的復(fù)現(xiàn)作為某個(gè)詞語(yǔ)的上義詞或下義詞重復(fù)出現(xiàn)（上義詞和下義詞在語(yǔ)義上是包含和被包含的關(guān)系，如adult是teacher、parent的上義詞，而teacher、parent就是adult的下義詞）

核心詞復(fù)現(xiàn)是語(yǔ)篇銜接的一個(gè)重要手段，而閱讀理解七選五正是考查語(yǔ)篇銜接，因此，利用核心詞復(fù)現(xiàn)做閱讀理解七選五十分有用。如：續(xù)表(新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)39If

you've

been

betrayed,

you

are

the

victim

of

your

circumstance.

But

there's

a

difference

between

being

a

victim

and

living

with

a

"victim

mentality".A.Learn

to

really

trust

yourself.B.It

is

putting

confidence

in

someone.C.Stop

regarding

yourself

as

the

victim.D.Remember

that

you

can

expect

the

best

in

return.E.They've

been

too

badly

hurt

and

they

can't

bear

to

let

it

happen

again.F.This

knowledge

carries

over

in

their

attitude

toward

their

future

relationships.G.Seeing

the

positive

side

of

things

doesn't

mean

you're

ignoring

what

happened.【答案】C【解析】空處是段落主題句。空后句三次出現(xiàn)victim一詞,結(jié)合選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容可判斷,七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有C項(xiàng)中有victim,為原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)，故可優(yōu)先考慮。將C項(xiàng)"不要把自己當(dāng)作受害者"代入空處，其與下文銜接緊密，故選C項(xiàng)。本段結(jié)構(gòu)：總（總領(lǐng)）—分（細(xì)說(shuō)）。

值得注意的是，有的題利用核心詞復(fù)現(xiàn)解題十分有用，但這并不意味著凡與上句或下句有復(fù)現(xiàn)詞的選項(xiàng)就一定是正確選項(xiàng)，只是正確的可能性更大，在解題過(guò)程中需重點(diǎn)考慮或優(yōu)選考慮而已。是否為正確答案，還得將含復(fù)現(xiàn)詞的選項(xiàng)代入原文，看該選項(xiàng)與上下文是否真的銜接，只有上下文銜接緊密的才是正確選項(xiàng)。如：(新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)38Having

confidence

in

yourself

will

help

you

make

better

choices

because

you

can

see

what

the

best

outcome

would

be

for

your

well-being.A.Learn

to

really

trust

yourself.B.It

is

putting

confidence

in

someone.C.Stop

regarding

yourself

as

the

victim.【答案】A【解析】空處是段落主題句。不要因?yàn)锽項(xiàng)與空后句中都有confidence，原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)就選B，也不要因?yàn)镃項(xiàng)與空后句中都有yourself，原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)就選C。A項(xiàng)中的trust

yourself與空后的Having

confidence

in

yourself（信任你自己）是近義復(fù)現(xiàn)，所以該選項(xiàng)要重點(diǎn)考慮;將A項(xiàng)代入原文，此處意為"學(xué)會(huì)真正地信任你自己。信任你自己有助于你做出更好的選擇……"，上下文語(yǔ)義銜接緊密，故選A。

因此，掌握段落主旨，鎖定段落核心詞對(duì)于確定閱讀理解七選五答案很有幫助。如2023年新課標(biāo)Ⅱ卷閱讀理解七選五中的第36題，C項(xiàng)中的beginner與該段主題句中的Start屬于同義復(fù)現(xiàn)；第39題，D項(xiàng)中的"Share

your

work"對(duì)應(yīng)后文中的"post

my

work"，也屬于同義復(fù)現(xiàn)。

高考的閱讀理解七選五主要考查考生對(duì)篇章的理解能力和對(duì)上下文之間邏輯關(guān)系的分析能力。其對(duì)核心詞復(fù)現(xiàn)的考查，有助于加強(qiáng)對(duì)考生思維品質(zhì)的訓(xùn)練，幫助考生提升總結(jié)和概括的能力。提能力

遷移訓(xùn)練閱讀理解七選五

(全國(guó)Ⅱ卷)If

you

are

already

making

the

time

to

exercise,

it

is

good

indeed!

With

such

busy

lives,

it

can

be

hard

to

try

and

find

the

time

to

work

out.1.

.

Working

out

in

the

morning

provides

additional

benefits

beyond

being

physically

fit.

●Your

productivity

is

improved.

Exercising

makes

you

more

awake

and

ready

to

handle

whatever

is

ahead

of

you

for

the

day.2.

.

●Your

metabolism（新陳代謝）

gets

a

head

start.3.

.

If

you

work

out

in

the

mornings,

then

you

will

be

getting

the

calorie（卡路里）

burning

benefits

for

the

whole

day,

not

in

your

sleep.GEF

●4.

.

Studies

found

that

people

who

woke

up

early

for

exercise

slept

better

than

those

who

exercised

in

the

evening.

Exercise

energizes

you,

so

it

is

more

difficult

to

relax

and

have

a

peaceful

sleep

when

you

are

very

excited.

●5.

.

If

you

work

out

bright

and

early

in

the

morning,

you

will

be

more

likely

to

stick

to

healthy

food

choices

throughout

the

day.

Who

would

want

to

ruin

their

good

workout

by

eating

junk

food?

You

will

want

to

continue

to

focus

on

positive

choices.

There

are

a

lot

of

benefits

to

working

out,

especially

in

the

mornings.

Set

your

alarm

clock

an

hour

early

and

push

yourself

to

work

out!

You

will

feel

energized

all

day

long.BAA.You

will

stick

to

your

diet.B.Your

quality

of

sleep

improves.C.You

prefer

healthy

food

to

fast

food.D.There

is

no

reason

you

should

exercise

in

the

morning.E.You

can

keep

your

head

clear

for

4-10

hours

after

exercise.F.After

you

exercise,

you

continue

to

burn

calories

throughout

the

day.G.If

you

are

planning

to

do

exercise

regularly,

or

you're

doing

it

now,

then

listen

up!

本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章從工作效率、新陳代謝、睡眠質(zhì)量和飲食習(xí)慣四個(gè)方面介紹了晨練給人們帶來(lái)的好處。1.___G【解析】根據(jù)空后的"Working

out

in

the

morning

provides

additional

benefits...fit"及下文可知，下文是在講晨練的好處，所以G項(xiàng)"你如果計(jì)劃定期鍛煉，或者你現(xiàn)在正在鍛煉，那就注意聽(tīng)！"符合語(yǔ)境。2.___E【解析】根據(jù)空前兩句"Your

productivity

is

improved...the

day

"可知，E項(xiàng)"運(yùn)動(dòng)后你可以保持頭腦清醒4—10個(gè)小時(shí)"承接上文。空前一句中的"more

awake"與E項(xiàng)中的"clear"屬于同義復(fù)現(xiàn)。3.___F【解析】此空后的"getting...the

whole

day"與F項(xiàng)中的"burn

calories

throughout

the

day"相照應(yīng),F項(xiàng)"在你運(yùn)動(dòng)之后，你一整天都在消耗卡路里"符合語(yǔ)境。4.___B【解析】結(jié)合空處位置可知，此空是本段的中心句。根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容可知，本段主要講了晨練對(duì)睡眠的益處，所以B項(xiàng)"你的睡眠質(zhì)量提高了"符合語(yǔ)境?？蘸笠痪渲械?slept

better"與B項(xiàng)中的"improves"屬于同義復(fù)現(xiàn)。5.___A【解析】本段中的"healthy

food"和"junk

food"是A項(xiàng)中"diet"的下義詞，故A項(xiàng)"你會(huì)堅(jiān)持你的飲食（習(xí)慣）"可以概括本段內(nèi)容。如何利用關(guān)鍵詞提示解答完形填空真題在線

完形填空

44.(

)

A.race

B.school

C.town

D.trainingA

C

53.(

)

A.size

B.shape

C.color

D.tasteD54.(

)

A.smell

B.look

C.become

D.workB

詞語(yǔ)摘抄①course

n.［C］

熟詞生義

跑道②delay

/d??le?/

n.［C,U］延期，耽擱，延誤③turn

out

原來(lái)是，證明是，結(jié)果是④defeat

/d??fi:t/

vt.擊敗，戰(zhàn)勝

n.［U,C］失敗，挫敗⑤transform

/tr?ns?f?:m/

vt.使改觀；使改變形態(tài)⑥skyrocket/?ska?r?k?t/

vi.猛漲，劇增⑦average

/??v?r?d?/

adj.普通的，平常的，一般的⑧title

n.［C］

熟詞生義

冠軍⑨clarify

/?kl?r?fa?/

vt.闡明,澄清⑩defend

/d??fend/

vt.&

vi.保衛(wèi)；防守；vt.為……辯解?demand/d??mɑ:nd/

vt.強(qiáng)烈要求?misshapen

/?m?s??e?p?n/

adj.畸形的，扭曲變形的?judge

/d??d?/vt.&

vi.評(píng)價(jià)；評(píng)判；判斷?remind

sb.

of

sb./sth.

使某人想起相似的人或物通方法

解題指導(dǎo)如何利用關(guān)鍵詞提示解答完形填空

完形填空題所選語(yǔ)篇材料一般以記敘文、夾敘夾議文為主，兼顧說(shuō)明文和議論文。其文章都是圍繞一個(gè)話題展開(kāi)的語(yǔ)篇，在邏輯關(guān)系和意義上前后貫通，因此在行文中不可避免地會(huì)出現(xiàn)詞語(yǔ)的同義詞、反義詞、指代詞、上義詞、下義詞以及詞匯的復(fù)現(xiàn)等。根據(jù)這個(gè)原則，學(xué)生在答題時(shí)應(yīng)聯(lián)系上下文，尋找對(duì)設(shè)空處有提示作用的關(guān)鍵信息，找到關(guān)鍵詞，從而確定最佳答案。下面我們以表格形式列舉如何利用該方法解答上面完形填空中的幾個(gè)題：題號(hào)答案判斷依據(jù)2023·新課標(biāo)Ⅰ卷44A.race結(jié)合上文提到的"a

cross-country

race"和本空前的"Bailey

was

more

than

two-thirds

of

the

way"可知,本題選race。本題是借助"原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)"現(xiàn)象來(lái)解的。2023·全國(guó)乙卷55C.winning上文提到的"champion""51（

defeated）

two

Russians"

"one

of

the

best

gymnasts"等關(guān)鍵詞都暗示她獲得了奧運(yùn)會(huì)全能冠軍。winning

實(shí)際上是該語(yǔ)篇的話題核心詞的復(fù)現(xiàn)。題號(hào)答案判斷依據(jù)2023·全國(guó)甲卷53D.taste由上文中的"

looked

at""misshapen"及下文中的"taste"可知，此處談?wù)摰氖俏骷t柿的外觀和味道。結(jié)合第51空所在句及下文中的"but

taste

of

water"可知本題選D項(xiàng)。54B.look由上文中提到的"not

at

all

like

the

nice,round,47（shiny）

things

you

get

in

a

supermarket"可知，此句描述的是超市里西紅柿的樣子，故本空選look。從意義與邏輯上來(lái)說(shuō),

nice、round、shiny都是看起來(lái)（look）西紅柿所呈現(xiàn)的樣子。續(xù)表提能力

遷移訓(xùn)練完形填空

Talent

can

come

from

anywhere

and

anyone.

Whether

he

has

majored

in

art

or

has

been

blessed

with

a

talent

from

birth,

any

artist

should

be

able

to

.

.1.

.

his

gift

with

the

world.

That's.

.2.

.

what

Liz

Powers

decided

to

do

when

she,

her

brother,

and

four

local

artists

founded

ArtLifting.

This

organization

helps

.

.3.

.

artists

achieve

financial

independence

by

selling

their

works

on

ArtLifting's

website.

Though

the

website

features

145

artists

at

present,

when

Powers

first

.

.4.

.

to

shine

a

spotlight

on

undiscovered

talent,

she

wasn't

expecting

to

make

such

a（n）

.

.5.

..

Powers

was.

.6.

.

to

find

that

many

artistically

gifted

people

were.

.7.

.

simple

shelters.

When

they

created

art,

it

ended

up

in

shelter

basements.

She

understood

that

for

many

of

these

artists,.

.8.

.

could

provide

income.

They

had

the

talent;

what

they

.

.9.

.

was

a

way

to

make

it

known

to

the

world.

Therefore,

Powers

decided

to

set

up

an

online

.

.10.

..

It

would

create

a

real

.

.11.

.

between

the

artists

and

consumers

who

wanted

original

pieces

for

their

walls.

Today,

ArtLifting

is

in

19

cities

around

the

US,.

.12.

.

artists

and

bringing

their

stories

and

.

.13.

.

to

walls

around

the

country.

Historically,

artists'

works

were

usually

displayed

in

museums.

But

now

we

find

that

talent

can

be

shown

in

.

.14.

.

forms.

ArtLifting

not

only

sells

impressive

pieces;

it

also

helps

artists

.

.15.

.

what

anyone

deserves:

independence,

freedom

and

respect.

本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章講述了Liz

Powers和她的同伴們創(chuàng)辦了ArtLifting，幫助那些無(wú)家可歸的藝術(shù)家售賣(mài)作品，使他們能夠經(jīng)濟(jì)獨(dú)立并獲得自由和尊重。1.(

)

A.mix

B.share

C.trade

D.exchangeB【解析】根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處是固定搭配"share...with..."，表示任何藝術(shù)家都能夠與世界分享他的天賦。2.(

)

A.hardly

B.normally

C.exactly

D.accidentallyC【解析】根據(jù)下文中的"This

organization

helps...their

works

on

ArtLifting's

website"可知，ArtLifting網(wǎng)站幫助藝術(shù)家們出售作品，所以與世界分享藝術(shù)家的天賦正是（exactly）

Liz

Powers創(chuàng)辦ArtLifting的目的。3.(

)

A.shy

B.polite

C.busy

D.homelessD【解析】根據(jù)下文中的"Powers

was...simple

shelters"可知，Powers幫助的是那些住在收容所里的窮困潦倒的藝術(shù)家。由關(guān)鍵詞simple

shelters可知，此處應(yīng)選D項(xiàng)。4.(

)

A.volunteered

B.preferred

C.decided

D.appliedC【解析】此處表示最初，當(dāng)Powers決定使公眾注意到那些未被發(fā)現(xiàn)的天賦時(shí)，她沒(méi)有預(yù)料到會(huì)帶來(lái)如此大的影響，decide符合語(yǔ)境。5.(

)

A.impact

B.impression

C.contribution

D.donationA【解析】參見(jiàn)上題解析。impression"印象"；contribution"貢獻(xiàn)"；donation"捐獻(xiàn)"。6.(

)

A.scared

B.delighted

C.ashamed

D.shockedD【解析】結(jié)合常識(shí)可知，Powers看到許多有藝術(shù)天賦的人住在收容所，應(yīng)該感到震驚，所以她才創(chuàng)辦了ArtLifting來(lái)幫助他們。7.(

)

A.searching

for

B.setting

up

C.staying

in

D.going

throughC【解析】參見(jiàn)上題解析。且下文中的關(guān)鍵詞shelter

basements暗示著他們是住在這里。8.(

)

A.preparations

B.experiences

C.competitions

D.creationsD【解析】根據(jù)上文中的"This

organization

helps

3（homeless）...ArtLifting's

website"可知，正是因?yàn)镻owers明白創(chuàng)作可以帶來(lái)收入，所以她才創(chuàng)立ArtLifting幫助被埋沒(méi)的藝術(shù)家賣(mài)作品。其中關(guān)鍵詞financial

independence對(duì)應(yīng)該空后的provide

income。9.(

)

A.received

B.needed

C.minded

D.promisedB【解析】此處表示這些被埋沒(méi)的藝術(shù)家所需要的是讓世人知道其天賦的途徑。B項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。10.(

)

A.market

B.club

C.office

D.schoolA【解析】根據(jù)上下文可知，Powers建立ArtLifting就是為了給藝術(shù)家和消費(fèi)者提供在線買(mǎi)賣(mài)市場(chǎng)。11.(

)

A.comparison

B.similarity

C.connection

D.gapC【解析】根據(jù)上下文可知，Powers創(chuàng)立的ArtLifting就是為了建立藝術(shù)家和消費(fèi)者之間的聯(lián)系。12.(

)

A.teaching

B.supporting

C.pitying

D.protectingB【解析】根據(jù)上文可知，ArtLifting幫助藝術(shù)家出售作品，所以它是為藝術(shù)家提供幫助。13.(

)

A.adventures

B.dreams

C.pleasures

D.artworksD【解析】根據(jù)"to

walls

around

the

country"可知，掛墻上的應(yīng)該是他們的藝術(shù)品。14.(

)

A.familiar

B.regular

C.different

D.popularC【解析】根據(jù)上文中的"Historically,

artists'

works

were

usually

displayed

in

museums"可知，此處表示現(xiàn)在與過(guò)去不一樣，天賦可以以不同的形式展現(xiàn)出來(lái)。15.(

)

A.achieve

B.require

C.judge

D.admitA【解析】根據(jù)上文可知，ArtLifting幫藝術(shù)家出售作品，從而讓他們有收入，進(jìn)而獲得獨(dú)立、自由和尊重。微專(zhuān)題

新題型專(zhuān)練讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)

閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫(xiě)兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。

(2024·

湖南師大附中期中)Growing

up,

I

wanted

to

be

just

like

my

mom.

She

was

kind

and

caring,

and

always

made

people

comfortable

in

her

presence.

For

years

she

was

a

volunteer

in

our

community.

I

loved

going

to

the

local

nursing

home

to

help

with

her

when

I

was

a

child.

However,

once

I

became

a

teenager,

I

was

too

caught

up

in

my

adolescent

world

to

worry

about

helping

others.

One

particular

summer

day

when

I

was

12,

Mom

came

into

my

room

and

told

me

to

get

up

and

meet

her

at

the

car.

But

I

had

planned

to

spend

the

day

at

the

lake

with

my

friends.

Why

did

she

have

to

ruin

everything?

At

last,