小升初語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)題-介詞（講義）人教PEP版英語(yǔ)六年級(jí)下冊(cè)

小升初英語(yǔ)PEP版第一輪總復(fù)習(xí)考點(diǎn)專(zhuān)題精講專(zhuān)題2—介詞考點(diǎn)解密考點(diǎn)解密介詞是一種用來(lái)表示詞與詞、詞與句之間的關(guān)系的詞，它一般用來(lái)表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)和方式,同一個(gè)介詞常和不同的詞形成固定搭配，表示不同意義。這一專(zhuān)題我們主要學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)和方式介詞的用法，考查形式是選擇題和填空題。通過(guò)這一專(zhuān)題的學(xué)習(xí),我們要知道常見(jiàn)介詞on,in,at,to,for,with等的基本用法，熟記常見(jiàn)介詞短語(yǔ)的搭配、主要用法及其中文意思?？键c(diǎn)預(yù)備區(qū)考點(diǎn)預(yù)備區(qū)考點(diǎn)：常用的介詞辨析考點(diǎn)：常用的介詞辨析??時(shí)間介詞用于表示時(shí)刻或時(shí)間的某一點(diǎn)atnine(o'clock)在9點(diǎn)用于具體的某一天、星期幾，某一天的上午、下午或晚上前onthenightofJuly1st在7月1日的夜晚特指某日的上午(下午或晚上)時(shí)用ononSundaymorning在周日早上在重大節(jié)日前也可用ononChristmas在圣誕節(jié)用于表示周、月、季節(jié)、年前，泛指上午、下午、晚上前inthisweek在這周inthemorning在早上before意為“在……之前”或“某一時(shí)間之前”Washyourhandsbeforemeal.飯前要洗手。Youshouldgethomebefore10atnight.你應(yīng)當(dāng)在晚上10點(diǎn)前到家。after意為“在……之后”Theyoftenplayfootballafterschool.他們放學(xué)后經(jīng)常踢足球。from表示時(shí)間時(shí)，常和to連用，構(gòu)成from…to…結(jié)構(gòu)Hekeptonworkingfromseventotwelvelastnight.他昨晚從7點(diǎn)到12點(diǎn)始終在工作。??典型例題例1：The24thWinterOlympicGameswasheld2022,Beijing.A.atB.fromC.onD.in【答案】D【方法點(diǎn)撥】句意：2022年，第24屆冬奧會(huì)在北京進(jìn)行。由題意得知，2022表示年份，表示年份前用時(shí)間介詞in,所以選D。??方位介詞例詞例句on表示兩個(gè)物體的表面相互接觸Thepenisonthebox鋼筆在盒子上面。over意為“在……的正上方”,兩個(gè)物體的表面沒(méi)有接觸Theskyisoverourheads.天空在我們的頭頂上。above表示兩個(gè)物體中一個(gè)在另一個(gè)的上方，但不肯定垂直，兩個(gè)物體間也沒(méi)有接觸Theplaneisflyingaboveclouds.飛機(jī)在云上飛行。under意為“在……的正下方”Thereisaballunderthebox.箱子下面有個(gè)球。below意為“在……的下面”,但只是低于某一點(diǎn)，不強(qiáng)調(diào)是否在正下方Fromthetopofthehill,wecouldseetheblueoceanbelow.我們從山頂上可以看到下邊的藍(lán)色大海。in意為“在……里面”,也用來(lái)表示在一個(gè)很大的空間內(nèi)Maryworksinabank瑪麗在銀行工作。at表示在某地，后接小地點(diǎn)Iwillwaitforyouatthetrainstation.我將在火車(chē)站等你。??典型例題例2：Thebirdsareflyingthetrees.A.onB.atC.aboveD.over【答案】C【方法點(diǎn)撥】句意:鳥(niǎo)兒們正在樹(shù)的上空飛行。這幾個(gè)選項(xiàng)中on表示兩個(gè)物體的表面相互接觸;at表示在某個(gè)地點(diǎn);above表示兩個(gè)物體中一個(gè)在另一個(gè)的.上方,但不肯定垂直，兩個(gè)物體間也沒(méi)有接觸;over意為“在....的正上方”,兩個(gè)物體的表面沒(méi)有接觸。所以選C。??動(dòng)向介詞例詞意思into意為“向里”outof意為“向外’up意為“向上”down意為“向下”from意為“從……”“來(lái)自……”to意為“到……”“向……”“往……”through意為“從……里面穿過(guò)”,指“穿過(guò)”這一動(dòng)作在某個(gè)物體的空間內(nèi)進(jìn)行along意為“沿著……’across意為“穿過(guò)”,這一動(dòng)作在物體的表面進(jìn)行??典型例題例3：Let'stakeawalktheriverafterdinner.A.alongB.throughC.uponD.over【答案】A【方法點(diǎn)撥】句意：讓我們晚飯后沿著河閑逛?????吧。along意為“沿著”,through意為“穿過(guò)”,upon意為“依據(jù)”,over意為“在……上方”,依據(jù)常識(shí)，閑逛?????只能沿著河流，故選A。??方式介詞例詞用法例子by意為“靠……;用……;以……;乘……’byplane乘飛機(jī)In使用某種語(yǔ)言或工具inEnglish用英語(yǔ)說(shuō)inataxi乘坐出租車(chē)On使用某種交通工具onabus乘公交車(chē)onfoot步行with使用某種工具或身體某部位來(lái)做某事Heeatsnoodleswithafork.他用叉子吃面條。??典型例題例4：WhatdoyoucallitChinese?A.inB.onC.of【答案】A【方法點(diǎn)撥】“in+語(yǔ)言”表示用某種語(yǔ)言表達(dá)，所以選A。??地點(diǎn)介詞例詞用法例子at①用于較小的地方②意為“經(jīng)由……’③街道有號(hào)碼時(shí)用at④意為“在……內(nèi)”“在……外部”“在……旁邊”atthestation在車(chē)站goinatoneearandgooutattheother左耳進(jìn)，右耳出at66ParkStreet在公園街66號(hào)athome在家on①on+街道名稱(chēng)②意為“與……表面接觸”“在……之上”onParkStreet在公園街onthetable在桌子上in①用于較大場(chǎng)所，若意為“在……之內(nèi)”,可以用于小地方②當(dāng)兩個(gè)地名連用的時(shí)候，大的地名用in,小的用atinChina在中國(guó)inthelibrary在圖書(shū)館里HewasbornatFangshaninBeijing他誕生于北京房山。??典型例題例5：WeusuallystayhomeonSaturdayafternoon.A.inB.onC.ofD.at【答案】D【方法點(diǎn)撥】句意：周六下午我們通常待在家里。athome意為“在家”,是個(gè)固定短語(yǔ)，所以選D。??其他介詞例詞意思for表示目的、對(duì)象，意為“為……”about表示某種事物的內(nèi)容，意為“關(guān)于”with意為“和……一起”in意為“戴著of表示所屬關(guān)系，意為“……的”like表示比較，意為“像……”??典型例題例6：Whatwouldyouliketoeatbreakfast?A.inB.onC.forD.at【答案】C【方法點(diǎn)撥】句意：你早餐想吃什么?in意為“在……之內(nèi)”,on意為“在……上面”,for表示目的、對(duì)象，意為“為……”,at表示地點(diǎn)或時(shí)間。所以選C?？键c(diǎn)過(guò)關(guān)區(qū)考點(diǎn)過(guò)關(guān)區(qū)精編常考易考過(guò)關(guān)檢測(cè)試題班級(jí)姓名第一層：基礎(chǔ)過(guò)關(guān)題一、用適當(dāng)介詞填空1.fivenoonnightschool2.1999Maysummerthemorning3.SundaySundaymorningMarch8thawarmmorning4.thefarmtherightWashyourhandsdinner.5.Ioftenplayfootballmyfriendsschool.二、選擇填空()1.Thetrainwillstartfiveo'clock.A.inB.atC.forD.still()2.Mikedoeshisexercisesseventheevening.A.on;toB.at;inC.by;ofD.at;on()3.ChildrenwakeupveryearlythemorningofChristmasDay.A.inB.onC.forD.at()4.Johnoftentakesawalkhisgrandpaafterdinner.A.toB.forC.alongD.with()5.Weplantedsomeflowersthegarden.A.inB.onC.atD.over三、選詞填空1.Myfatherusuallygoestowork(at,in,on)8:00.2.Thepartywillbegin(at,in,on)2:00p.m.3.Wenevergoshopping(at,in,on)theevening.4.Igetupat7:30(at,in,on)themorning.5.Christmasis(at,in,on)December25th.6.Whatisthefirstlesson(課)(at,in,on)Tuesday?四、將下列詞組翻譯成漢語(yǔ)1.aftersupper2.atnight3.underthetree4.onthebed5.behindthedoor6.infrontofthedoor五、閱讀下面對(duì)話(huà),從方框內(nèi)選擇正確的介詞填空,每個(gè)介詞只能用一次。A.nextB.likeC.overD.onE.withJohn:Whataretheydoing1.there?David:Theyareplayingfootball2.theplayground.John:Itlooksfin.Look.Whoistheman3.tothem?David:Helooks4.ourPEteacher.John:Shallwegothereandtakeaphoto5.them?David:Great!六、選擇填空()1.theafternoonofMay8th,wevisitedtheoldman.A.OnB.AtC.In()2.Manypeopleworkthedayandsleepnight.A.on;atB.in;inC.in;at()3.HespeaksJapanesebestourclass.A.betweenB.withC.in()4.Helefthomeacoldwinterevening.A.atB.onC.in()5.ShanghaiisthecastofChina.AinB.onC.to()6.Ireallycan'tagreeyou.A.toB.onC.with()7.Sheusuallygoestoworktaxi.A.byB.onC.in()8.Whatwillyouhavebreakfastthismorning?A.withB.forC.by七、下面每個(gè)句子都有一處錯(cuò)誤,畫(huà)出來(lái)并改正1.Therearetwopicturesinthewall.2.CanyouwriteitonChinese?3.Weliveattheearth.4.Sheusuallygoestoworkonbus.5.Bobisoneinmyfriends.八、看圖,填寫(xiě)合適的單詞補(bǔ)全短文inbesideonunderbehindinfrontofLookatthepicture.Thisismyroom.Theballis1.thebed.Thedogis2.？I'sthedesk.Thetoybearis3.thebox.Thekiteis4.thedesk.Whatabouttheschoolbag?Itis5.thepencilThechairis6.thedesk.九、用所給的介詞填空(可重復(fù))inforwithontoatof1.Gostraightahead,thepostofficeisyourright.2.Wecouldbuyhamburgerslunch.3.Youcancomeandhavedinnerus4.Ipaintedapicturehorses.5.Billisaheavyboyshorthair.6.It'sapostcardfromChinatheUSA.7.1livetheeighthfloor.8.Areyoulisteningme?9.WeusuallystayhomeSaturdayafternoon.其次層：拓展提升題一、介詞短語(yǔ)翻譯(in,on,at)1.在下午2.在中午3.在房子里4.在街上5.在晚上二、選用括號(hào)內(nèi)恰當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~填空1.What'sthis(at,on,in)English?2.TheShenzhou-14mannedspaceship(載人飛船)waslaunched(放射)(at,on,in)Junefifth,2022inChina.3.Theman(with,on,in)blackisSuHai'sfather.4.Hedoesn'tdowell(at,on,in)PE.5.Lookatthosebirds(on,in)thetee.6.Wearegoingtomeet(at,on,in)thebusstop(at,on,in)halfpastten.三、介詞填空1.TonyisChina.2.Thisisaphotomyfamily.3.BettyisEnglish.Whatyou?4.It'scold.I'llputmyscarf.5.Wheredoyoucome?6.Pleaselookthispicture.四、英漢互譯1.lookafter2.listento3.playwith4.onthefarm5.theboyinwhite6.在河的四周7.在樹(shù)的后面8.在床底下9.乘火車(chē)10.在墻上五、選擇填空()1.Aplaneisflyingthecity.A.onB.overC.aboveD.at()2.Youmustpayattentionthetrafficlights.A.onB.inC.toD.of()3.It'swrongtoplayjokesotherpeople.A.onB.ofC.withD.to()4.Ipaidtwohundredyuanthatkindofbicycle.A.inB.forC.onD.with()5.Iwon'taskaboutit.I'mgoingtoseeitmyowneyes.A.byB.forC.withD.at()6.Thereisasmallrivertwotowns.A.inB.betweenC.amongD.at()7.Areyougoingtothezoobusormycar?A.on;byB.by;inC.on;inD.by;on.()8.WetraveledovernighttoParisandarrived5o'clockthemorning.A.on;inB.at;inC.at;onD.in;on()9.Themousefellthewater.A.onB.inC.intoD.to()10.Therearemanyapplesthetree.Abirdthetreeispickinganapple.A.in;onB.on;inC.in;atD.at;on六、填上合適的介詞1.IworkMondayFriday.2.CanyousingasongEnglish?3.Sundaymorning,heplayedfootballwithhisfriends.4.It'stimedinner.5.Who'sthewomantheblackdress?6.DothestudentsstayhomeSaturday?7.Themeetingended6p.m.8.Gothisroad,andtumleftthefirstcrossing.9.Canyoutellmethewaythezoo?10.TonyistherightofLily.七、時(shí)間介詞和方位介詞練習(xí)()1.Wereachedthetopofthemountain5o'clockthemorning.Aon;inB.at;inC.at;onD.in;on()2.AnewbridgetheYangtzeRiverinNanjingwasopentotrafficonApril24th,2022.A.throughB.overC.onD.along()3.GuangdongisthesouthofChina,andTaiwanistheeastofGuangdong.A.in;toB.to;toC.to;inD.in;in()4.JapanliestheeastofChina.A.toB.inC.aboutD.at()5.TomisbehindJim,soJimisTom.A.underB.infrontofC.behindD.after()6.Hepastesapicturethedeskbecausetherewasaholeit.A.on;onB.at;inC.on;inD.on;at()7.LookthemapChinathewall,please.A.after;of;inB.at;of;inC.after;in;onD.at;of;on()8.—Pleasecometomybirthdayparty.—Isee.I'llcomeSaturdayevening.A.inB.atC.onD.for.()9.Theywillhaveamathtesttwodays.A.forB.atC.inD.after()10.Mybrotherjoinedthearmy.A.2008,MarchB.inMarch,2008C.March,2008D.2008,inMarch八、選擇正確的動(dòng)向介詞()1.ThevisitorsJapanarrivedBeijingStationlastTuesdaymorning.A.from;atB.of;toC.from;toD.of;on()2.Igotmanygiftsonmybirthdaymyfriends.A.toB.fromC.ofD.on()3.It'swarmtoday.Takeyourjacket.PutthisT-shirt.A.off;onB.out;ofC.of;onD.off;in.()4.Gothisstreet,andturnrightthesecondcrossing.A.along;onB.across;atC.across;onD.along;at()5.Canyoutellusthewaythecinema?A.forB.onC.toD.at九、選擇正確的方式介詞()1.QingdaoisfarfromChangsha.Let'splane.A.inB.byC.atD.on()2.What'sthetimeyourwatch?A.byB.ofC.onD.to()3.IcansingthesongChinese.A.onB.withC.inD.by()4.Peoplewritetheirhands.A.withB.byC.inD.for()5.TheT-shirtismadehand.A.inB.byC.withD.on十、選詞填空,補(bǔ)全短文withtofromupatinonaboutforafterIamastudentinChina.MynameisKelly.Ilivemyparents.MyparentsteachEnglishNo.4MiddleSchool(中學(xué)).Istudyinthesameschool.Everymorning,wegetat7:00.Weusuallyhavemilkandbreadbreakfast.breakfast,wedriveschool.Becauseit'sfarmyhome.Ihavelunchatschool11:30.Wedon'tgotoschoolSaturdayorSunday.參考答案第一層：基礎(chǔ)過(guò)關(guān)題一、1.at;at;at;at2.in;in;in;in3.on;on;on;on4.on;on;before5.with;after.二、1.B解析：at后面跟具體時(shí)間點(diǎn)。2.B解析：at后跟具體時(shí)間,in后跟時(shí)間段。3.B解析：on用于某一天的上午或下午。4.D5.A三、1.at2.at3.in4.in5.on6.on四、1.晚飯后2.在晚上3.在樹(shù)下4.在床上5.在門(mén)后6.在門(mén)前面五、1.C2.D3.A4.B5.E六、1.A解析：某一天的上午或下午用on。2.C解析：泛指白天用in。atnight是固定搭配,意為“在晚上”。3.C解析：in意為“...”,表示在一個(gè)范圍之中。4.B解析：on用于某季節(jié)的具體一天。5.A解析：in表示范圍內(nèi),on表示接壤，to表示隔海相望。6.C解析：agreewith意為“同意”。7.A解析：表示乘坐某種交通工具用by。8.B解析：三餐前用介詞for。七、1.in→on2.on→in3.at→on4.on→by5.in→of八、1.under2.beside3.in4.on5.behind6.infrontof九、1.on2.for3.with4.of5.with6.to7.on8.to9.at;on其次層：拓展提升題一、1.intheafternoon2.atnoon3.inthehouse4.inthestreet5.i