湖北省武漢市江岸區(qū)2023-2024學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期7月期末英語(yǔ)試題2

江岸區(qū)20232024學(xué)年度第二學(xué)期期末質(zhì)量檢測(cè)高二英語(yǔ)試題(考試時(shí)間：120分鐘試卷滿分：150分)注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)等填寫在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無(wú)效。第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whatdidthewomandoyesterday?A.Sheplayedfootball.B.Shewatchedagame.C.Sheworkedinthelab.2.WhereisJohn’sfather?A.Inthediningroom.B.Inthelivingroom.C.Inthegarden.3.Whatdoesthewomansayaboutthecourse?A.Itistough,B.Itisbad.C.Itiseasy.4.Whenwillthemanleavefortheairport?A.At2:30pm.B.At4:30pmC.At6:30pm.5.Howwillthespeakersgototheexhibition?A.Bybicycle,B.Bysubway.C.Bycar.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Anactivityholiday.B.Theirhobbies.C.Theteamworkspirit.7.Whatdidthewomangetaprizefor?A.Climbing.B.Walking.C.Sailing.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthebook?A.Itisboring.B.Itisstimulating.C.Itisserious.9.Whowrotethebook?A.LoriGottlieb.B.AaronEsterson.C.ErikErikson.10.Whatwillthemanprobablydonext?A.Readthebook.B.Remendthebook.C.Findsomeonetoconsult.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.WhatisthewomandoinginSydney?A.Traveling.B.Studying.C.Teaching.12.Whatispurposeofthecourse?A.Toevaluatestudentsreadingdifficulty.B.Toenhanceteachers’readingtechniques.C.Toimproveteachers’abilitytoteachreading.13Whydoesthewomanchoosethecourse?A.Itismultitask.B.Itiscosteffective.C.Itistimeconsuming.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Trainerandtrainee.B.Bossandadvisor,C.Hostandguest.15.Whydoesthewomanmentionlosingweight?A.Toshowhowtoachieveagoal.B.Tostresstheimportanceofhealthyfood.C.Toexpressherwishtoimproveherhealth.16.Whatcanfriendsdotohelpingoalsetting?A.Findproblems.B.Tellthetruth.C.Givesupport.17.Whatmakesmostpeopledobadlyatreachinggoals?A.Failingtokeepfocused.B.Havingmanymissions.C.Losingtheirway.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.WhatmadeChaiLingethisfirstbike?A.Hisownefforts.B.Hisfamily’shelp.C.Hissuccessfulbusiness.19.Whatisthemuseumintendedfor?A.Education.B.Fame.C.Recreation.20.WhatdoesChaiLinexpecttodo?A.Collectmoreantiques.B.Producenewbrandbikes.C.Expandtheexhibitionarea.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。A“Thedaysthatmakeushappymakeuswise.”—JohnMasefieldWhenIfirstreadthislinebyEngland’sPoetLaureate,itstartledme.WhatdidMasefieldmean?Withoutthinkingaboutitmuch,Ihadalwaysassumedthattheoppositewastrue.Buthiscalmassurancewasarresting.Icouldnotforgetit.Finally,Iseemedtograsphismeaningandrealizedthatherewasaprofoundobservation.Thewisdomthathappinessmakespossibleliesinclearperception,notfoggedbyanxietynordimmedbydespairandboredom,andwithouttheblindspotscausedbyfear.Activehappinessnotmoresatisfactionorcontentment—oftenessuddenly,likeanAprilshowerortheunfoldingofabud.Thenyoudiscoverwhatkindofwisdomhasacpaniedit.Thegrassisgreener;birdsongsaresweeter;theshortingsofyourfriendsaremoreunderstandableandmoreforgivable.Happinessislikeapairof,eyeglassescorrectingyourspiritualvision.Noraretheinsightsofhappinesslimitedtowhatisneararoundyou.Unhappy,withyourthoughtsturnedinuponyouremotionalsadness,yourvisioniscutshortasthoughbyawall.Happy,thewallcrumbles.Thelongvista(展望)istherefortheseeing.Thegroundatyourfeet,theworldaboutyoupeople,thoughts,emotions,pressures—arenowfittedintothelargerscene.Everythingassumesafairerproportion.Andhereisthebeginningofwisdom.1.Whatwastheauthor’sinitialreactiontothelineinthe1stparagraph?A.Deepagreement. B.Casualness. C.Shock. D.pleteconfusion.2.Whatdoestheauthorbelievehappinessbringsintermsofwisdom?A.Areductioninfearandanxiety.B.Pessimisticexpectationsforthefuture.C.Discontentandplaintsaboutlife.D.Anunclearunderstandingofthesurroundingworld.3.Whentheauthormentions“thewallcrumbles,”whatdoeshereferto?A.Aphysicalobstacledisappears.B.Emotionaldistressandtroublesfadeaway.C.Fearsandworriesaboutthefuturedecrease.D.Thepursuitofhappinessbeeseasier.BIwritethisonaspringmorning,inthevanIhavecalledhomefortwoyearsnow.Fromonesmallwindow,IhaveaviewofjoggerspoundingthesunnypathbytheOxfordCanal,andtheotherlooksontothebusyrailwaylinealongwhichtrainstravelfromSouthamptonDockstoBirmingham.ThewoodswhereI’veparkedmyvanhavegrownupbetweenthem.Thisancientvanavehicledesignedforfreedomandtheopenroad,hasprovedastablesolutionforsurvivingthecurrenthousingcrisis.Ibecameatravelwriteraftermystudiesended,mittingtobrief“residencies”withmuseumsandartcentres—wheretemporaryacmodationisoftenprovidedinexchangeforproducingnewworkaboutamunity.Overtheyearsthatfollowed,livingandworkingonlocationinthepolarregionsorScandinaviaortheAlps,notsettlingdownforverylong,meantwhereverIlandedwasalways“home”.Duringthepandemicitwasnecessarytoadoptamorepermanentengagementwithlocality.Oxfordhadoftendrawnmeback.It’sacrossroadsofrealityandtheimagination,theperfectcityforawriter.Ittakesasurprisingamountofworktokeepatinyhomeinorder:buyingausedvanonline;ensuringthesmoothrunningofagascookerandcarbatteries;fetchingwaterandemptyingthemobiletoilet.Ibegantoenjoytakingcareofmyimmediatesurroundings.Overthesummer,Iworkedtoturnwastegroundintoawildgarden,replacingweedswithwildplants.Imadefriendswiththeselfsufficientboaterslivingnearby,alwaysreadytoshareknowledgeonthelowcarbonsimplicityoflifewithoutelectricity.I’velearntthatfortcanbefoundawayfromthebrightinfrastructureofurbanlife:inwatchingthebirdsthatnestinthetreeandthefoxesplayinginthewoodsatdawn,inmakingacupofcoffeeonaspringmorning.Mystepawayfromconventionalhousinghasbeenanecessaryactofpersonaleconomy,butthebenefitsincludetakingnothingforgranted,andunexpecteddelight.4.Whatdothejoggersandtherailwaylinerepresentintheauthor’sview?A.Twosourcesofinspirationforwriting.B.Twoobstaclestotheauthor’sdailylife.C.Twoplacestheauthorvisitsregularly.D.Twowaystheauthortravelsaround.5.Whatdoes“immediatesurroundings”inParagraph6referto?A.ausedvan B.agascooker C.awildgarden D.amobiletoilet6.Whatdoestheauthorenjoymostabouthislivingstyle?A.Drivinghisvanarounddifferentplaces.B.Transformingthewastegroundintoagarden.C.Theopportunitytomeetnewfriends.D.Thesenseofacplishmentandselfreliance.7.Whichofthefollowingisthemainbenefitofunconventionalhousing?A.Providingtemporaryshelter. B.Keepingatinyhomeinordereasily.C.Embracingdelightfulsurprises. D.Allowingformobilityandflexibility.CNotallbirdssing,butseveralthousandspeciesdo.Theysingtodefendtheirterritoryandcroon(柔聲唱)toimpresspotentialmates.“Whybirdssingisrelativelywellanswered,”saysIrisAdam,abehavioralneuroscientist.However,thebigquestionforherwaswhybirdssingsomuch.“Assoonasyousing,yourevealyourself,”Adamsays.“Like,whereyouareandwhereyourterritoryis.”InanewstudypublishedinthejournalNaturemunications,Adamandhercoworkersofferanewexplanationforwhybirdstakethatrisk.Theymayhavetosingaloteverydaytogivetheirvocal(發(fā)聲的)musclestheregularexercisetheyneedtoproducetopqualitysongs.Tofigureoutwhetherthemusclesthatproducebirdsongsrequiredailyexercise,AdamdesignedanexperimentonzebrafinchesthelittleAustraliansongbirds.Shepreventedthemfromsingingforaweekbykeepingtheminthedarkcagealmostaroundtheclock.Lightiswhatgalvanizesthebirdstosing,soshehadtoworktokeepthemfromwarbling(鳴叫).“Thefirsttwoorthreedays,it’squiteeasy,”shesays.“Butthelongertheexperimentgoes,themoretheyarelike,“Ineedtosing.““.Atthatpoint,she’dtapthecageandtellthemtostopsinging.Afteraweek,thebirds’singingmuscleslosthalftheirstrength.ButAdamwonderedwhetherthatimpactedthequalityofsongs.Whensheplayedamale’ssongbeforeandafterthesevendaysofdarkness,shecouldn’thearadifference.ButwhenAdamplayedittoagroupoffemalebirds,sixoutofninepreferredthesongthatcamefromamalewho’dbeenusinghissingingmusclesdaily.Adam’sconclusionshowsthat“songbirdsneedtoexercisetheirvocalmusclestoproducetopperformancesongs.Iftheydon’tsing,theyloseperformance,andtheirsongsgetlessattractivetofemales.”Thismayhelpexplainsongbirds’continuoussinging.It’sagoodruletoliveby,whetheryou’reabirdorahumanpracticemakesperfect,atleastwhenitestosingingone’sheartout.8.AccordingtoIrisAdam,birdssingsomuchto____________.A.warnotherbirdsofrisks B.producemoresongsC.performperfectlyinsinging D.defendtheirterritory9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“galvanizes”inParagraph3mean?A.Prepares. B.Stimulates. C.Forbids. D.Frightens.10.WhydidAdamconductanexperimentonzebrafinches?A.Tounderstandtheirmatingbehavior.B.Tostudytheirsingingpatterns.C.Totesttheeffectsofdarknessontheirsingingmuscles.D.Toanalyzethequalityoftheirsongs.11.Whatistheoverallmessageofthepassage?A.Singingisbeneficialforthosethatdo.BZebrafinchesareforstudyingsingingpatterns.C.Singingisariskforbirds,buttheyhaveto.D.Songbirdsneedtosingregularlyforattraction.DWemayweepforthedodo,butcouldandshouldwebringthislovelybirdbackfromthedead?Deextinctionisthescienceofrestoringlostspeciesandithasbeeninthenewsfordecades.Thestoryinmoderntimesbeganin1990whenMichaelCrichtonpublishedhissciencefictionnovelJurassicPark,inwhichheimaginedaworldwherescientistswereabletobringdinosaursbacktolife.Crichtonimaginedthatpolymerasechainreaction(PCR)technologycouldbeawaytoamplify(放大)tinyquantitiesofdinosaurDNAandthusbuildalivingembryo.Sadly,biologistssoonrealizedthatDNAinfactbreaksdownsuperfast;evenafter10oyears,DNAfrommuseumskinsofdodoswasdecayed(腐爛)beyondrepair.Theycouldbesequenced(測(cè)定序列)usingmassiveputationalpower,butthenonlywithconsiderableuncertainty.AndevenifyoucaptureaDNAsequence,there’sstilltheproblemofhowyougetlivingcellstoreadthatsequenceandexpressproteinsthatmakethedinosaurorthedodo.Butwhywouldanyonewanttoseemammoths,orsomethinglikethem,roaming(漫游)presentdaySiberia?Well,theywereundoubtedlyamazingbeasts.Aswellashuntingthem,ourdistantancestorspaintedtheirlikenessesincavesacrossEurope.Fascinatingastheymaybe,there’ssomeecologicaljustificationfortheprojecttoo.Itwasthisdiversityoflandsurface,brokenupbyheavylimbsandrandomlyfertilizedbyfaeces(排泄物),thatsupportedsomuchflora(植物群).Withoutthemammoths,thatdiversitydisappeared.Returnthemandlandscapeswouldonceagainbewithavarietyofspecies,includingflowersandbushes.True,it’snotdeextinctioninthesenseofbringingalongdeadspeciesbacktolife.Insteadit’smorelikemakinga“dodo”byengineeringamodernpigeon,itsclosestrelative,tobeehugeandflightless.Theresultwouldbeabig,fattypigeonthat,whetheritlookedlikeadodoornot,wouldprobablyfulfillsomeofitsecologicalroles.Asapaleontologist,Iwouldofcourselovetoseelivingdinosaurs,mammothsanddodos.Insomeways,though,Iamrelievedthattheoptimisticclaimsforcloningandgenetictechnologieshavenotbeenborneout.Theslowdowngivesustimetoconsidertheoutes—andhopefullyavoidsomeofMichaelCrichton’smorefeveredimaginings.12.Whatisparagraph2ofthetextmainlyabout?A.Asciencefictionreview. B.ThedevelopmentofDNA.C.Aninspiredguessofdeextinction. D.TheapplicationofPCRtechnology.13.Whyarepeopleinterestedincloningextinctspecies?A.Theyexpecttoseekhuntfun. B.Theylacksourcesofmodernart.C.Theywanttoseebiodiversity. D.Theyneedthemforresearch.14.Whatdoestheslowdownincloningandgenetictechnologiesallowtheauthortodo?A.Witnessthebirthofcloneddinosaurs.B.AvoidMichaelCrichton’simaginings,C.Stoptheprogressofgeneticengineering.D.Considerthepotentialoutesofthesetechnologies.15.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardcloningextinctspecies?A.Cautious. B.Unclear. C.Dismissive. D.Approving.第二節(jié)(共5小題：每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Thereareseveralupsanddownsineveryone’slife.Nomatterhowstronganindividualis,thereisusuallyatimewhenhefindstheneedofsomeoneencouraginghimtomeetthechallenges.____16____Thatmaymakehimfeelthepowerandtheenergytodealwithallsortsofnegativityinlife.Thepowerofmotivationisbeyondexplanation.However,theperson,whobenefitsfromit,understandsitsimportanceinstantlyhehearsit.____17____Thefactisthatthereexiststhegapbetweenthespeechofanexpertandthatoftheaverage.AndprobablythereasonistheexperienceofalifecoachindealingwiththelifeofcountlesspeopleontheEarthinhisentirecareer.____18____Orrather,whateverhesaysoradvisesisnotonlytheoutputofthewordsonthepage,butalsowhathehaslearnedfromthelivesofpeoplearound.Itishisreallifeexperiencethatheusestoimprovethelivesofotherpeopleontheglobe.Havingmetcountlesspeoplethroughoutthecareer,thelifecoachbeesusedtotheproblems.____19____So,hiseverysuggestiongoesstraight,touchestheheartandincreasestheenergyofalistener,andeventuallyhelpsthemaddressdifferentproblemsinlife.Ifyouthinksuchspeechesaremerewordsandsentences,youareabsolutelywrong.Butactuallytheyarethemagicalwordsthatbringagreatchangeinthelifeofdisappointedandannoyedpeopleontheglobe.Withsuchspeeches,lifecoachesdigouttheproblemsthatthelistenerisfacinginlife.____20____A.Sometimes,itisnotdifficulttodefineanexpert.B.Inparticular,aspeechfromanexpertismotivational.C.Theknowledgeofanexpertisnotlimitedtothebooks.D.Especiallywhen1stuckindilemma,youreallyfeelhelpless.E.Besides,heknowswhatkindofsolutionswillprovethebest.F.Andtheyalsofindtherootcausetoeupwithafinalsolution.G.Ifyouthinkanyonecandeliversuchaspeech,youmightbewrong.第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共15小題：每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。WhenEugenieGeorgefirstheardthatherfriendpassedafinancialexam,herheartsank.She’d___21___thesametestweeksearlier.“Envywaseatingmeup,”recallsGeorge.Butanywayshe___22___herfriend.“AndItoldherIfailedandadmittedIwas___23___,”shesays.Georgeknewthatbeing___24___wouldeaseherenvy,butshewassurprisedthatitalsoenabledherto___25___herfriend’shappinessandexperienceherowninturn.Finding___26___inanotherperson’sgoodfortuneiswhatsocialscientistscallfreudenfreude,thegreatjoywefeelwhensomeoneelsesucceeds,___27___itdoesn’tdirectlyinvolveus.Freudenfreudeislikeakindofsocial___28___,saysCatherineChambliss,aprofessorofpsychology.Itmakesrelationships“closerandmoreenjoyable.”Toooften,wethinkourfriends___29___usmostduringtheirhardtimes:ajob___30___,gettingdivorced.Infact,howfriends___31___ourjoyisevenmoreimportantforusthanhowtheyrespondtoour___32___.Toooften,wethinkofjoypassively.Weseeitassomethingthatetous,insteadofsomethingwecan___33___.Whileitcanbedifficultinpractice,freudenfreudecanliftusupand___34___ourday.Socelebratingourfriends’___35___isawinwintousall.21.A.taken B.passed C.failed D.prepared22.A.congratulated B.forgave C.blamed D.ignored23.A.badlybehaved B.overburdened C.shortsighted D.greeneyed24.A.tough B.honest C.tolerant D.optimistic25.A.imagine B.understand C.share D.increase26.A.hope B.passion C.confidence D.pleasure27.A.evenif B.asif C.nowthat D.sothat28.A.platform B.glue C.booster D.routine29.A.support B.annoy C.upset D.need30.A.loss B.change C.interview D.application31.A.lookforwardto B.contributeto C.getusedto D.reactto32.A.envy B.plaints C.suffering D.mistakes33.A.predict B.produce C.choose D.measure34.A.fill B.start C.brighten D.balance35.A.survival B.success C.recovery D.generosity第二節(jié)短文填空(共10小題：每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Desertificationisaseriousproblem____36____(face)numerouscountriesintheworld.ShiGuangyin,anecowarriorfromShanxiProvince,____37____(battle)desertificationforabout40years.BorninatownonthesouthernedgeoftheMuUsDesert,Shiremembershowsandstormseasilydestroyedthecropsthevillagershadgrownandmadetheirlife____38____misery.In1984,thegovernmentissuednewpoliciestoencourageindividualstoplanttreesincontractedsandlands.Despitethe____39____(oppose)ofhisfamily,Shiresignedfromhisleadershippositionatastateownedfarmandbeganhisfightagainstdesertification.____40____(initial),Shimetwiththechallengeoflackingfunds.HemanagedtoraiseRMB12,000bysellingallhissheepandborrowingmoneyfromdoortodoor.____41____followedwastirelessworkbyShiandhisteam,plantingseveralspeciesofdroughtenduringtreesoversand.Langwoshaisanareaofabout400hectares____42____strongwindsblowhardallyearround.Afterfailing____43____thefirsttwoattempts,Shirealizedscientificresearchwasalsoimportant.In1988,ShichallengedLangwoshathethirdtime.Thistimehe____44____(equip)withanewlyacquiredtechnique,whichenabledmostoftheplantedtrees,wellover80%,_____45_____(survive).“Myfightcontinuesaslongasmylifecontinues.Ishallnotstopplantingtreesuntilmylastbreath,”saidShiGuangyin.第四部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(滿分15分)46.假定你是李華。你校圖書館計(jì)劃布置一個(gè)英語(yǔ)讀書角，需要一張圖片作為背景。校方搜集了以下兩張圖片，向同學(xué)們征求意見(jiàn)。請(qǐng)你給圖書館館長(zhǎng)寫封郵件，內(nèi)容包括：(1)你的選擇；(2)你的理由。注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Deartheheadlibrarian,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua第二節(jié)(滿分25分)47.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Itwasearlyspr