工商管理學(xué)位英語考試模擬題-閱讀理解題

工商管理學(xué)位英語考試模擬題—閱讀理解題1.TheEnglishhavethereputationofbeingverydifferentfromallothernationalities.ItisclaimedthatlivingonanislandseparatedfromtherestofEuropehasmuchtodowithit.Whateverthereasons,itmaybefairlystatedthattheEnglishmanhasdevelopedsomeattitudesandhabitsdistinguishinghimfromothernationalities.Broadlyspeaking,theEnglishmanisaquiet,shy,andreservedpersonamongpeopleheknowswell.Beforestrangersheoftenseemsinhibited,evenembarrassed.Youhaveonlytowitnessarailwaycompartmentanymorningoreveningtoseethetruth.Serious-lookingbusinessmenandwomensitreadingtheirnewspapersordozing(打盹)inacorner,andnoonespeaks.AnEnglishwitoncesuggestedtooverseasvisitors,"Onenteringarailwaycompartmentshakehandswithallthepassengers."Needlesstosay,hewasnotbeingserious.Thereisanunwrittenbutclearlyunderstoodcodeofbehavior,which,ifbroken,makesthepersonimmediatelytheobjectofsuspicion.ItiswellknownthattheEnglishseldomshowopenlyextremesofenthusiasm,emotionetc.Ofcourse,anEnglishmanfeelsnolessthananyothernationality.Imagineamancommentingonthegreatbeautyofayounggirl.Amanofmoreemotionaltemperamentmightdescribeheras"amarvelousjewel",whiletheEnglishmanwillflatlystate"Um,she'sallright."AnEnglishmanmayrecommendahighlysuccessfulandenjoyablefilmtofriendsbycommenting,"It'snotbad."Theoverseasvisitorsmustnotbedisappointedbythisapparentlackofinterest.Theymustrealizethat"allright","notbad"areveryoftenusedwiththesenseof"firstclass","excellent".ThisspecialuseoflanguageisparticularlycommoninEnglish.1.OneexplanationforthedifferentcharacterofEnglishpeopleisthat________.[A]theyaregeographicallyisolatedfromtheEuropeancontinent[B]theyhavenothingtodowiththeotherEuropeans[C]theyliketokeepquietamongtheiracquaintances[D]theytendtobereservedbynature2.Theword"inhibited"(Line2,Para.2)inthispassageprobablymeans________.[A]unabletohavegoodmanners[C]abletoactproperly[B]unabletoexpressandrelaxfreely[D]abletotalkfreely3.Accordingtothepassage,onenteringarailwaycompartment,anoverseasvisitorisexpectedto________.[A]inquireaboutthecodeofbehaviorinthetrain[C]shakehandswiththepersonheknows[B]shakehandswithallthepassengers[D]behavelikeanEnglishman4.TheEnglishwayofcommentingonsomethingorsomebodysuggeststhat________.[A]theEnglisharemodestinmostcircumstances[B]theEnglishfeelnolessthananyothernationality[C]theEnglishtendtodisplaylessemotionthantheyfeel[D]theEnglishdon'ttakeastronginterestinmakingcomment5.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?[A]ThedifferencesbetweentheEnglishandtheotherEuropeans.[B]ThedifferentcharacteroftheEnglishmananditsreason.[C]ThereasonsforEnglishpeople'sshyness.[D]ThecodeofbehaviorofthenationalitiesinEurope.答案及解析：1.A細(xì)節(jié)題。文章第一段第二句指出，據(jù)稱英國人與其他國家的人性格之所以不同，與他們居住在一個(gè)與其他歐洲國家隔絕的孤島有很大關(guān)系，所以A正確。2.B語義題。結(jié)合上文的theEnglishmanisaquiet,shy,reservedpersonamongpeopleheknowswell可知，在熟人面前英國人都是安靜、害羞、少言寡語的，由此推斷，他們見到陌生人，更回感到拘束和緊張，所以B正確。3.D推斷題。結(jié)合文章第二段引述的進(jìn)入車廂時(shí)應(yīng)該和所有乘客握手和Needlesstosay,hewasnotbeingserious可知，引述部分只是一句戲言，作者真正想要表達(dá)的意思是，外國人不能違背英國人那一套行為規(guī)則，所以D正確。4.C推斷題。文章第三段指出，英國人很少公開表露極端的熱情和情感，盡管英國人的感受并不比其他人的少，隨后列舉的英國人謙虛、冷漠的表達(dá)方式都表每年感了英國人對(duì)情感的表現(xiàn)很節(jié)制，所以C正確。5.B主旨題。文章主要要談了英國人緘默、情感不外露的性格特征及其形成的原因，所以B正確。2.Brazilhasbecomeoneofthedevelopingworld’sgreatsuccessesatreducingpopulationgrowthbutmorebyaccidentthatdesign.WhilecountriessuchasIndiahavemadejointeffortstoreducebirthrates,Brazilhashadbetterresultwithoutreallytrying,saysGeorgeMartineatHarvard.

Brazil’spopulationgrowthratehasdroppedfrom2.99％ayearbetween1951and1960to1.93％ayearbetween1981and1990,andBrazilianwomennowhaveonly2.7childrenonaverage.Martinesaysthisfiguremayhavefallenstillfurthersince1990,anachievementthatmakesittheenvyofmanyotherThirdWorldcountries.

Martineputsitdownto,amongotherthings,soapoperas(通俗電視連續(xù)劇)andinstalment(分期付款)plansintroducedinthe1970s.Bothplayedanimportant,althoughindirect,roleinloweringthebirthrate.Brazilisoneoftheworld’sbiggestproduceersofsoapoperas.Globl,Brazil’smostpopulartelevisionnetwork,showsthreehoursofsoapssixnightsaweek,whilethreeothersshowatleastonehouranight.Mostsoapsarebasedonwealthycharacterslivingthehighlifeinbigcities.

"Althoughtheyhaveneverreallytriedtoworkinamissagetowardstheproblemsofreproduction,theydescribemiddleandupperclassvaluesnotmanychildren,differentattitudestowardssex,womenworking,"saysMartine."TheysentthisimagetoallpartsofBrazilandmadepeopleconsciousofotherpatternsofbehaviourandothervalues,whichwereputintoaveryattractivepackage."

Meanwhile,theinstalmentplanstriedtoencouragethepoortobecomeBroadlyspeaking,itmeanstherearetwoclasses,the“middleclass”andthe“workingclass”.(Weshallignoreforamomenttheold“upperclass”,includingthehereditaryaristocracy,sinceitisextremelysmallinnumbers;butsomeofitsmembershavetherighttositintheHouseofLords,andsomenewspaperstakeasurprisinginterestintheirprivatelife.)Themiddleclassconsistschieflyofwell-to-dobusinessmenandprofessionalpeopleofallkinds.Theworkingclassconsistschieflyofmanualandunskilledworkers.Themostobviousdifferencebetweenthemisintheiraccent.Middle-classpeopleuseslightlyvaryingkindsof“receivedpronunciation”whichisthekindofEnglishspokenbyBBCannouncersandtaughttooverseaspupils.Typicalworking-classpeoplespeakinmanydifferentlocalaccentswhicharegenerallyfelttoberatheruglyanduneducated.OneofthebiggestbarriersofsocialequalityinEnglandisthetwo-classeducationsystem.Tohavebeentoaso-called“publicschool”immediatelymarksyououtasoneofthemiddleclass.Themiddleclassestendtoliveamoreformallifethanworking-classpeople,andareusuallymorecultured.Theirmiddaymealis“l(fā)unch”andtheyhavearatherformaleveningmealcalled“dinner”,whereastheworkingman’sdinner,ifhisworkinghourspermit,isatmidday,andhissmaller,late-eveningmealiscalledsupper.Aswehavesaid,however,theclasssystemismuchlessrigidthanitwas,andforalongtimeithasbeengovernmentpolicytoreduceclassdistinctions.『Working-classstudentsverycommonlyreceiveauniversityeducationandentertheprofessions,andworking-classincomeshavegrownsomuchrecentlythatthedistinctionsbetweenthetwoclassesarebecominglessandlessclear.』②However,regardlessofone’ssocialstatus,certainstandardsofpolitenessareexpectedofeverybody,andawell-bredpersonispolitetoeveryonehemeets,andtreatsalabourerwiththesamerespecthegivesanimportantbusinessman.Servilityinspiresbothembarrassmentanddislike.Eventheword“sir”,exceptinschoolandincertainoccupations(e.g.commerce,thearmyetc.)soundstooserviletobecommonlyused.1.Themiddleclassmainlyreferstopeople.A.whowerebornasaristocratB.whohavetherighttositintheHouseofLordsC.whospeakinmanydifferentlocalaccentsD.whoareprosperousbusinessmenorwhoworkinsomeprofessions2.ThemostobviousdifferencebetweentheworkingclassandthemiddleclassinEnglishistheir.A.dressB.workC.accentD.meal3.Whyisn’ttheword“sir”commonlyusedinBritain?A.Becauseitsoundstooservileandislikelytocauseembarrassment.B.Becauseitcanonlybeusedinsomecertainoccupations.C.Becauseitisanimpoliteword.D.Becauseitshowsthatthespeakerisnotawell-bredperson.4.The“upperclass”inEnglandtoday.A.areextremelysmallinnumbersothatmediapaysnoattentiontothemB.stillusesoldwords