《英美文學(xué)選讀》第二章教案 The Renaissance

Chapter2TheRenaissance

Unit1WilliamShakespeare

Teachingaims

1)TogetthestudentstoknowsomethingaboutWilliamShakespeare

2)Todevelopstudents’abilityofunderstandingsomeofhisworks

3)Toenhancestudents’abilityofunderstandingthesignificanceofhisworks

Importantanddifficultpoints

1)Tounderstandtheexcerptoftheworks

2)Togettoknowthesignificanceofsomeofhisworks

TeachingandlearningMethods

Openquestionsandanswersinclass

Classdiscussionandanalysis

Teachingmedia

Textbook,courseware,teachingplan,projectorandcomputer

TeachingProcedures

Step1Lead-in

(showthepictureofShakespeareandhaveabrainstormaboutthefollowingquestions)

1.HowmuchdoyouknowaboutShakespeare?

2.Whatarehismajorworks?

Step2Presentation

1.Abouttheauthor

(WatchthevideoaboutShakespeareandgraspthemajorpoints.Theteachermakesacomplementaccordingtothecourseware.)

ShakespearewasborninStratford-upon-Avon,asmalltowntothenorthwestofLondon.Inhistwenties,ShakespearelefthometomakealivinginLondon,workingasanactorandasapartnerinatheatercompany.Inthelate1580s,hebegantowriteplays.Hewrote37plays,twolongpoemsandonehundredfifty-foursonnets.

Shakespeare’swritingcareermayberoughlydividedintofourstages:

Thefirstperiod:Shakespeare’speriodofapprenticeship.

Thesecondperiod:matureperiodof“greatcomedies”andhistoricalplays.

Thethirdperiod:theperiodof“greattragediesanddarkcomedies”.

Thefourthperiod:periodofromanticdrama.

Intheearlyyears,Shakespearewrotehisearlyhistoryplays.TheyareHenryVIinthreeparts,RichardIII,criticizingfeudallordsforinitiatingcivilwarandreflectingthepublic’sdesiretounifythecountryandstabilizethepoliticalsituation.

Thesecondperiodisaperiodofrapidgrowthanddevelopment.Inthisperiod,hiscomedies,amongwhichthewell-knownareAMidsummerNight’sDream,TheMerchantofVeniceandAsYouLikeIt,eulogizeloveandfriendship,affirmhumanwisdomandstrength,anddemonstratethevitalityofhumanism.

Thethirdperiodisaperiodofgloomanddepression.Inthisperiod,histragedies,amongwhichthewell-knownareHamlet,Othello,KingLearandMacbeth,depicttheintenseconflictandcontradictionbetweenpersonalidealandsocialreality.

Thefourthperiodisaperiodofrestoredserenity.SuchplaysasTheTempestwaswritteninthisperiod.

WilliamShakespeare,oneofthemostremarkableplaywrightsandpoets,gavethefullestexpressiontohumanistideals.Hehasasignificantpositioninworldliterature.Hehasbeengiventhehighestpraisesbyvariousscholarsandcriticsintheworld.HiscontemporarypoetanddramatistBenJonsondedicatedapoeminpraiseofhim:“Shakespearewasnotofanage,butforalltime!”ThissentenceissurelythebestsummaryofShakespeare’simmortalart.

2.Hamlet

1)AboutHamlet

(ShowsomepicturesorashortvideoaboutHamlet.Getstudentstoexpresstheirideasabouttheplaybeforetheteachergeneralizesit.)

HamletisthesummitofShakespeare’sart,whichistheprofoundestexpressionofShakespeare’shumanismandhiscriticismofcontemporarylife.

ThekingofDenmarkisrecentlydead,andhisbrotherClaudiushasassumedthethroneandmarriedhiswidowGertrude.YoungHamletlearnsfromtheghostofhisfatherthatClaudiusmurderedhim,andiscommandedtoavengethemurder.Hamletpretendedtobemadatfirst.Ophelia,hislover,hasgonemadwithgrieffromHamlet’srejectionofherandherfather’sdeath,andisfounddrowned.HerbrotherLaertesintendstoavengehissister’sdeath.Inascuffle,anexchangeofweaponsresultsinthedeathsofbothHamletandLaertes,notbeforeGertrudehasdrunkapoisonedcupintendedforherson,andthedyingHamlethassucceededinkillingClaudius.

2)ComprehensiveunderstandingoftheexcerptofHamlet

(Studentsreadtheexcerptandtrytounderstanditindetail.Ifnecessary,theteachergivessomeguidanceaccordingtothecourseware.)

3)SocialsignificanceofHamlet

(Studentsexpresstheiropinionsbeforetheteachermakesacomplement.)

SoliloquyisthebestpartinHamlet,completelydelineatingthetragichero’sheartcourse.Itreflectspeople’sthoughtsonthegood,evil,justice,corruption,beautyanduglinessofsociallife.

3.TheMerchantofVenice

1)AboutTheMerchantofVenice

(ShowsomepicturesorashortvideoaboutTheMerchantofVenice.Getstudentstoexpresstheirideasabouttheplaybeforetheteachergeneralizesit.)

Bassaniorunoutofhispropertyinashorttime.InordertomarryPortia,agirlfromarichfamily,BassanioturnedtohisfriendAntonioforhelp.AntonioisalsoawealthyVenetianmerchantbuthedoesn’thavemuchcashbecausehisshipsandgoodsarebusyatsea.Helplessly,AntonioborrowedmoneyfromShylock.ShylockagreestolendmoneytoAntoniowithoutinterestbutifAntoniocan’treturnthemoneyinthreemonths,ShylockcantakeapoundofAntonio’sflesh.Antoniosignsthecontract.Unluckily,Antonio’sshipsarereportedlostatsea.ShylocksuedAntonio.Incourt,ShylockurgedAntoniostronglythathemustcutonepoundoffleshfromhisownbody.ThejudgeshadnocluestodowithShylock.Intheend,anewjudgedisguisedbyPortiacametodealwiththematter,skillfullysavingAntonio’slife.Finally,everyonegetswhathewantsexceptpoorShylock.

2)ComprehensiveunderstandingoftheexcerptofTheMerchantofVenice

(Studentsreadtheexcerptandtrytounderstanditindetail.Ifnecessary,theteachergivessomeguidanceaccordingtothecourseware.

3)SocialsignificanceofTheMerchantofVenice

(Studentsexpresstheiropinionsbeforetheteachermakesacomplement.)

TheMerchantofVenicenotonlyeulogizesthepoweroffriendship,loyaltyandlove,butalsocreatesabraveandwittyfemaleimage.ShakespeareridiculesanddenouncesthegreedofShylock.HealsoexpressesfullsympathyforShylock,aJewwhoistreatedunfairlybecauseofracialdiscrimination.ThiskindofsympathyisalsotheembodimentofShakespeare’shumanisticspirit.

4.Sonnet

Sonnetisa14-linepoem,predominantlyiniambicpentameter.Therhymeisusuallyaccordingtooneofthetwoschemes.Shakespeareansonnetisusuallyarrangedinto3quatrainsandacouplet,rhymingababcdcdefefgg.Thecoupletisusuallytheconclusion.

1)ComprehensiveunderstandingofSonnet18andSonnet19

(Studentsreadthepoemsandtrytounderstandthemindetail.Ifnecessary,theteachergivessomeguidanceaccordingtothecourseware.

2)SocialsignificanceofSonnet18andSonnet19

(Studentsexpresstheiropinionsbeforetheteachermakesacomplement.)

Shakespearewrote154sonnets,whosethemesmostlylamentlife,praisefriendshipanddeclarelove.Thereisalsosomecriticismofthesocialphenomenonofthetime.

Step3Discussion

(Itisagoodchanceforstudentstoexpresstheiropinions.)

1.WhatisthemainideaofShakespeare’sworks?

2.Whatistherelationbetweenhisworksandthebackground?

Step4Summary

(Basedonagoodunderstandingoftheworks,itisnotdifficultforstudentstomakeasummary.)

SummarizethecharacteristicsofShakespeare’sworks.

Step5.Homework

Byreferringtorelevantbooksorwebsites,searchformoreinformationaboutbriefreviewsofShakespeare’splays.

Step6Feedback

Unit2FrancisBacon

Teachingaims

1)TogetthestudentstoknowsomethingaboutFrancisBacon

2)Todevelopstudents’abilityofunderstandingEssays

3)Toenhancestudents’abilityofunderstandingthesignificanceofhisworks

Importantanddifficultpoints

1)Tounderstandtheexcerpt

2)TogettoknowthewritingstyleofFrancisBacon

TeachingandlearningMethods

Openquestionsandanswersinclass

Classdiscussionandanalysis

Teachingmedia

Textbook,courseware,teachingplan,projectorandcomputer

TeachingProcedures

Step1Lead-in

(showthepictureofFrancisBaconandhaveabrainstormaboutthefollowingquestions.)

1.HowmuchdoyouknowaboutFrancisBacon?

2.Whatarehismajorworks?

Step2Presentation

1.Abouttheauthor

(WatchthevideoaboutFrancisBaconandgraspthemajorpoints.Theteachermakesacomplementaccordingtothecourseware.)

FrancisBacon,aphilosopher,scientistandessayist,isthefounderofmodernscienceinEngland.MarxcalledhimthefatherofEnglishmaterialismandmodernexperimentalscience.

2.AboutEssays

(ShowsomepicturesorashortvideoaboutEssays.GetstudentstoexpresstheirideasaboutEssaysbeforetheteachergeneralizesit.)

FrancisBacondevotedhislaterlifewhollytoliteratureandscholarship.HisEssaysisthefirstexampleofthegenreinEnglishliterature,recognizedasanimportantlandmarkinthedevelopmentofEnglishprose.Firstpublishedin1597,itcontained10shortessays.Latermorewereaddeduntilfinally58essayswereincluded.Bacon’sessaysarefamousfortheirbrevity,compactness,andrichphilosophy.

3.OfLove

1)AboutOfLove

OfLoveisanexcerptfromBacon’sEssays.

2)ComprehensiveunderstandingofOfLove

(Studentsreadthepassageandtrytounderstanditindetail.Ifnecessary,theteachergivessomeguidanceaccordingtothecourseware.)

3)SocialsignificanceofOfLove

(Studentsexpresstheiropinionsbeforetheteachermakesacomplement.)

Baconbelievedthatmoderationandself-controlarenecessaryinenjoyingloveandinthepursuitoflove.Otherwisepeoplewilllosethemselvesandcannotdevotetothenoblerandmoreseriouscause.Thispointofviewisconsistentwithhispositionandmentalityastheemergingbourgeoisie.

4.OfStudies

1)AboutOfStudies

(ShowsomepicturesorashortvideoaboutOfStudies.Getstudentstoexpresstheirideasaboutthepoembeforetheteachergeneralizesit.)

OfStudiesisoneofthemostwidelyknownessays.Itdealswiththepurposeandfunc