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廣東省深圳2023-2024學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期期末英語試題姓名:__________班級:__________考號:__________題號一二三四五六七總分評分一、第二部分,單項(xiàng)選擇(每小題1分,共20分1.NotonlyIbutalsoTomandMary____fondofwatchingtelevision.A.a(chǎn)re B.a(chǎn)m C.is D.be2.Nosooner____downthanthephonerang.A.hesat B.hadhesat C.sathe D.hehadsat3.ThisisthefirsttimethatI____suchaninterestingmovie.A.hadseen B.seen C.saw D.haveseen4.Thereshouldbesomeone____youcanturnforhelp.A.fromwhom B.whom C.towhom D.who5.EitherJohnorhisfriends____toblameforthebadresults.A.a(chǎn)re B.is C.be D.a(chǎn)m6.Inthedarkforest____,somelargeenoughtoholdseveralEnglishtowns.A.a(chǎn)relyingmanylakes B.liemanylakesC.manylakeslie D.liesmanylakes7.—Shallwegohikingthisweekend?—Withallthiswork____,Idon'tknowifI'llhavetimetogoout.A.doing B.todo C.done D.tobedone8.Thisisthefactory____heusedtowork.A.that B.which C.where D.when9.Theprofessorwasverydisappointedbecausemanyastudent____notinterestedinhisclass.A.were B.a(chǎn)re C.was D.is10.Out____,withastickinhishand.A.didJohnrush B.JohnrushedC.rushedJohn D.Johndidrush11.Tomwrotemanychildren'sbooks,nearlyhalf____wereaboutcampusculture.A.ofwhom B.which C.ofwhich D.ofthat12.____onatruestory,thefilmgetspopulararoundthecountry.A.Basing B.Beingbased C.Based D.Bases13.Thisisanoldbuilding____backtothe14thcentury.A.dating B.dated C.dates D.beingdated14.Nowadays,cycling,alongwithjoggingandswimming,_______asoneofthebestall-roundformsofexercise.A.regard B.isregarded C.a(chǎn)reregarded D.regards15.Onlywhen____hard____makeyourdreamcometrue.A.doyouwork;youcan B.youwork;youcanC.doyouwork;canyou D.youwork;canyou16.Chinaistheonlycountry____wildpandascanbefound.A.that B.which C.what D.where17.Earlytobedandearlytorise____agoodhabit.A.a(chǎn)re B.a(chǎn)m C.is D.be18.Myownproblemsseeminsignificant____withotherpeople's.A.compared B.comparingC.beingcompared D.compare19.Inthepastfewyears,greatchanges____inmyhometown.A.havetakenplace B.tookplaceC.havebeentakenplace D.weretakenplace20.Theyhurriedtothebusstation,only____thatthetrainhadalreadyleft.A.totell B.told C.beingtold D.tobetold二、第三部分,閱讀理解,第一節(jié)閱讀下列短文,選出最佳選項(xiàng)。(每小題2.5分,共50分閱讀理解Raisingawarenessofaseriousissuebeginswithitsbeingvisibletostudents.Amazonhassomefantasticthingsforclassroomwallsthatyoucangetatareasonableprice.Hitting,kicking,slapping,spitting,pushing,blockingStealingordestroyingsomeone'spossessionsMakingrudehandgestures(手勢)Touchinginunwanted&improperwaysNamecallingInsults(辱罵)TeasingImpropersexualcommentsThreateningtocauseharmLying&spreadingrumors(謠言)TellingothersnottobefriendswithsomeoneEmbarrassingsomeoneinpublicDamagingsomeone'ssocialrelationshipsPosting/sendinghurtfultextsemailsorposts,imagesorvideosMakingonlinethreatsImitatingothersonlineorusingtheirlog-inSpreadingunkindrumorsonline21.Whatistheposterabout?A.Thetypesofbullying. B.Thewaysofanti-bullying.C.Thecausesofbullying. D.Theeffectsofanti-bullying.22.Whichofthefollowingdoessendinghurtfulemailsbelongto?A.Physicalbullying. B.Verbalbullying.C.Socialbullying. D.Cyberbullying.23.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Tosellposters.B.Toreportabullyingsurvey.C.Tofightagainstbullying.D.Torevealariseinbullying.閱讀理解PleasantonPartnershipsinEducationFoundation(PPIE)wasstartedin1987toraisemoneybyorganizingrunningeventsforlocalschools.BasedinPleasanton,California,asuburbofSanFrancisco,thenon-profitorganizationrecentlyhostedafamily-focusedfitnesseventforthecommunity."Oureventhelpstobringthecommunitytogether,"saidMindyLouie,eventsandoutreachmanagerforPPIE."Wehavemorethan3,000participants,hard-workingvolunteersandviewers."Thisyear'sfitnesseventtookplaceonApril30attheAlamedaCountyFairgrounds.Itfeaturedracesoftwomiles,fivekilometersandtenkilometers.AnewKidsChallengeconsistedofaquarter-mileruntoencourageyoungerchildrentoparticipate.Whenaskedtodescribetherun,11-year-oldJeremyLouiesaid,"Fun,excitingandenjoyable."Jeremyaddedthathewashappytohelpsupporthisschool.PPIEsupportsall15schoolsinthePleasantonUnifiedSchoolDistrict,whichincludemorethan14,500studentsand800teachersandstaff.Thenonprofitorganizationtriestofundprogramsaffectedbybudgetcuts,whileencouragingfitnessandathleticism.Todate,thePPIEhasraisedover$1millionfortheschooldistrict.Alocalrunners'groupcalledtheBURNYouthDevelopment(B.Y.D.)participatedinthefundraising.TheB.Y.D.hassincegrowntomorethan100youthmembers,30ofwhomraninApril'sPPIEevent.JerryWu,thegroup'sfounderandleadcoach,explainedthattheB.Y.D.wasborntokeepkidsrunning."Watchingthemrunningstronglyandhappilymakesmesmileeverytime,"Jerrysaid.Jerryencouragesteamworkandteachesthestudentsvaluablerunningtechniques.AsaB.Y.D.member,OllieGu,aneighthgrader,wasoneofthetopfinishersintheten-kilometerrun.Hecompletedtheracein40minutesand46secondsandwonfirstplaceinthe12-to-15year-oldagegroup."Theracewasextremelyrewarding,"Olliesaid."I'mlookingforwardtoitnextyear."24.Whichracewasrecentlycreated?A.Aten-kilometerrun. B.Aquarter-milerun.C.Afive-kilometerrun. D.Atwo-milerun.25.Whydoestheauthorlistsomenumbersinparagraph3?A.TostressthegreatinfluenceofPPIE.B.Toshowasmallbudgetforeducation.C.Tointroducetheschooldistrictinbrief.D.Toadvertisetheorganization'sprograms.26.WhatdidbothJerryandOlliewanttoconvey?A.Theirdutiesasathletes.B.Theirfeelingsascoaches.C.TheirrecognitionoftheB.Y.D.D.Theiranticipationofthenextrun.27.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Sportsvolunteers. B.Youngsportsmen.C.Runningwithteachers. D.Racingforeducation.閱讀理解TheAviationIndustryCorporationofChina(AVIC),China'sleadingaircraftmaker,createdthecountry'sfirstfullysolar-powereddrone(無人機(jī)).Thelargedrone,Qimingxing50,tookoffat5:50pmonSeptember3rd,2022,fromanairportinYulinofShaanxiProvinceandstayedintheairfor26minutesbeforelandingonthesamerunway.AVICsaidthatallsystemsoftheunmannedplanefunctionedwellonitsfirstflight.Poweredbysixelectricmotorswithsolarbatteries,thedroneisdesignedtoconductlong-timeoperationsinnearspace.NearspaceisthatpartofEarth'satmosphereataltitudesof20to100kilometers.Itisabovethetopaltitudesofcommercialairlinersbutbeloworbitingsatellites.Qimingxing50,alsocalled"quasi-satellite",featureshighoperationalefficiencyandeco-friendlinessandwillbetaskedwithhigh-altitudereconnaissance(偵察),forestryfiremonitoring,atmosphericenvironmentalinspection,aerialmapping,communicationsignalrelayandotheroperations."Thankstoitscapabilitytoconductverylongenduranceflightsinnearspace,thedronecanessentiallybecomeasubstituteforsatellites,"aChineseaerospaceexpertsaid.Satelliteservicesarenotalwaysavailableduetothelimitednumberofsatellitesandrelativelyfixedschedulesofoverheadpasses.Intime-sensitivemissions,near-spacedronescanoffsetthesedisadvantages,theexpertsaid,notingthatsatelliteservicescouldalsobedamagedinwartime,sonear-spacedronescouldreplacetheminthisoccasion.ThesuccessfulfirstflightoftheQimingxing-50laysasolidfoundationforthedevelopmentofkeytechnologiesinthecountry'snewenergyfield,thecomposite(復(fù)合的)materialfield,whichwillenhanceChina'sabilitytoperformtasksinnearspaceandoverfaroceans.AVICwillseizetheopportunitytoincreaseinvestmentandspeedupthedevelopmentoflargesolar-poweredunmannedaircraft.28.WhatdoweknowaboutAVIC?A.Itproducedtheworld'slargestunmannedplane.B.Itstartedthetrendofusingsolarbatteriesinaircraft.C.ItdevelopedChina'sfirstfullysolar-powereddrone.D.Itgreatlyimprovedthespeedofcommercialairliners.29.Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytellusaboutQimingxing50?A.Itsdesignfeatures. B.Itsdiversefunctions.C.Itsoperatingprocedures. D.Itsenvironmentalbenefits30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"offset"inparagraph4probablymean?A.Detect. B.Expose. C.Analyze. D.Remove.31.WhatwillAVICdointhefuture?A.Increaseinvestmentinthenewenergyindustry.B.Acceleratethedevelopmentoflargesolardrones.C.Createanewcompositematerialtomanufactureaircraft.D.MakeQimingxing-50conductlong-timetasksoverfarseas.閱讀理解Alunarcrystal(水晶)wasfoundinlunarbasaltparticles(玄武巖顆粒)collectedfromthemoonin2020whentheChinesemoonmissionlandedinOceanusProcellarum,returningwithmorethan1.7kgoflunarsamplesdeliveredsafelytotheEarth.Thecrystalfoundonthenearsideofthemoonisgivingscientistshopeofprovidinglimitlesspowerfortheworldforever.Itismadeofmaterialpreviouslyunknowntothescientificcommunityandcontainsakeyingredientforthenuclearfusion(核聚變)process,aformofpowergenerationthatusesthesameforcesthatfuelthesunandotherstars.Itistransparentandroughlythewidthofasinglehumanhair,anditformedinaregionofthemoonwherevolcanoeswereactivearound1.2billionyearsago.Oneoftheprimaryingredientsfoundinthiscrystalishelium-3(氦-3),whichscientistsbelievemayprovideastablefuelsourcefornuclearfusionreactors.TheelementisincrediblyrareontheEarth,butitseemstobefairlycommononthemoon.China'snextmoonmissionisexpectedtobecarriedoutbyChang'e6in2024,whichwillattempttocollectthefirstsamplesfromthefarsideofthemoon,whichneverfacestheEarth.Althoughitistooearlyforscientiststohavemadefinancialestimatesonsuchafuelsource,itwillundoubtedlybeextremelycostly.Thereis,ofcourse,thematterofbringingthecrystalsbackfromthemoon,especiallyinlargeamountsthatareneededtofuelfusionreactors.Helium-3producessignificantlylessradiationandnuclearwastethanotherelements.Thecurrentnuclearfusionprocesshasraisedserioussafetyconcerns,andasaresult,scientistshavebeensearchingforawaytocreatenuclearpowerfromnuclearfusion.Duringthefusionprocess,radioactivewasteisnotproduced,potentiallymakingasecurerandmoreefficientfuelsource.Around25tonsofhelium-3couldpowertheUSforayear.Multipleprivatecompaniesandcountrieswithspaceagencieshavesignaledtheirintentionstominethemoonforhelium-3,andthislatestdiscoverycouldkickstarttherace.32.Whatcanwelearnaboutthecrystal?A.Itis1.7centimeterswide.B.ItisexpectedtopowertheEarth.C.ItiscommonlyfoundontheEarth.D.Itismadeofpreviouslyfamiliarmaterial.33.WhatwillChang'e6trytodointhenextmoonmission?A.Collectupnuclearwaste.B.Findouttheelementsofhelium-3.C.Setuplunarnuclearfusionreactors.D.Takebackthesamplesoflunarcrystals.34.Whatishelium-3asfuelexpectedtobelike?A.Itislowincost. B.Itiscleanandsafe.C.Itabsorbsradiation. D.Itproducesnowaste.35.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.AStrugglingRacetoMakeCrystalsB.AnUndoubtedDiscoveryPoweringtheUSC.AnEfficientWaytoCollectCrystalsfromtheMoonD.ARareMoonCrystalDiscoveredbyChineseScientists三、第二部分,閱讀理解,第二節(jié)七選五根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng),其中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。TheFeynmanTechnique(費(fèi)曼學(xué)習(xí)法)isapowerfulmethodthatyoucanusetolearnanythingfasterbecauseitforcesyoutoactivelythinkabouttheprobleminsteadofpassivelyreadingorlisteningtosomeoneelsetalkaboutit.Youcantakethefollowingfivesimplestepstostudybetter.·Findoutthetopicyouwanttolearn.36.Otherwise,you'llendupjumpingbetweentopicswithoutdevelopingadeeperunderstandingofanyofthem.·Explainthetopicasifteachingasixth-grader.ThisstepistheheartoftheFeynmanTechnique—37..Thisrequiresyoutomeetthechildattheirlevelofunderstandingbyusingthesimplestway..Identifyareasofimprovementinyourexplanation.You'llneedtocritically(批判性地)reviewtheexplanationyoucaneupwithinStepTwo38..Trytofindanyknowledgegaps,togetherwithanyareaswhereyoufeltthatyoucouldn'texplainthetopicsimply.·Improveandoptimiez(優(yōu)化)yourexplanation.Thinkaboutalltheknowledgegapsandotherareasofimprovementyoufoundbefore.39.·Repeatthestepsuntilyou'veachievedmasteryofthetopic.Keepgoingthrougheachstepyou'refullysatisfiedwithyourexplanation.40.,andthatiswhygoingthroughallthepriorsnnjustonceisusuallynotenoughtoachievetopicmastery.A.UsethosetoimproveyourexplanationB.Todoso,takeacriticallookatyourexplanationC.Makesurethatyourexplanationisinterest-basedD.YourexplanationsneedtobeshortandtothepointE.TheFeynmanTechniqueworksbestwitharepeatF.It'simportantthatyouclearlyknowthetopicsyou'retryingtolearnG.Explainingthetopicsimplyenoughtobeunderstoodbyasixth-gradestudent四、第四部分,完形填空(每小題1分,共15分閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Itisgettinghot.It'stimetoputon41.clothesandopenupthewindows.Yesterdaybroughta(n)42.visittothekitchenduringthebrieftimewewereout.Twodaringsparrowshad43.intoadangerousterritory—ourkitchen.Whenyoucomeacrosssuchsuddencallers,youare44.tosenseitasanactionofintruding(入侵)intoyourcomfortzone,oryoumight45.itasalovelyshiningmomentoflife.We46.—thesecondoption,withnohesitation.Afterall,we'veneverstoppedfeelingurgenttostrengthentherelationshipwithoursparrowsmoreandmoreeachday.Wecan'tstop47.a(chǎn)ndcelebratingtheirdancefromourwindow.Wefedthemwiththe48.onourtableclothaftereverymeal.Andwehave49.themwitheverykindofbasesandstandsonourterrace(露臺).50.,theyfeelateaseinourbackyard.Andthathasledthemto51.couragetoslipintoourhouse.Perhapsbecausetheyhavethefeelingthatwedon'tconsiderthem52.,butfriendlyneighbors,whoonlyleavesomewastesfromtimetotime.Thepresenceofourdearsparrowholdsmagicalconsistencywithreallife.Andwe'vebeenhavinglovelysparrowscomingoverlately,whosepresence53.usoutofourdulldailyroutinesandshowsusthehiddenbeautyandcharm.Likedifferenthumanbeings,thesesparrowsoftentakedifferentforms.We'vemetsparrowslikethose,ofallshapesandcolors.Andthey'reeverywhere.Perhapsallofthemarewillingtocallour54.makingusknowtheyarethere.Theyonlyaskfromusnottobeafraidofthemorfeeluneasytotheir55..41.A.tighter B.lighter C.bigger D.cleaner42.A.unstoppable B.uncomfortableC.unforeseen D.unwelcomed43.A.slipped B.walked C.a(chǎn)dvanced D.spread44.A.proud B.safe C.a(chǎn)fraid D.sure45.A.keep B.watch C.receive D.collect46.A.chose B.hit C.bit D.rose47.A.designing B.observing C.managing D.preparing48.A.vegetables B.fruits C.goods D.leftovers49.A.provided B.equipped C.comforted D.satisfied50.A.Repeatedly B.SurprisinglyC.Undoubtedly D.Traditionally51.A.lose B.seek C.give D.gather52.A.intruders B.strangers C.instructors D.breakers53.A.forces B.draws C.cuts D.drives54.A.a(chǎn)greement B.a(chǎn)ttention C.a(chǎn)cceptance D.expression55.A.impression B.expression C.existence D.difference五、第五部分語法填空(每小題1.5分,共15分閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。PapercuttingisoneofthemostpopulardecorativeChinesehandicrafts.Itispopularforitslowcostandartistry.Ruralwomenoftenmakepapercuttingsintheirsparetimewhenfarmingisnotbusy.Asa56.(reflect)ofitsphilosophicalorigins,papercuttingiscomprehensiveandattractive.Moreover,folkpapercuttingconveys(表達(dá))thecontentandnatureoftraditionalculturewith57.(it)ownparticularlanguage.Thehistoryofpapercutting58._(date)backtoaroundthe6thcentury.Fromthe7thto13thcentury,papercuttingbecamepopular59.(especial)duringChinesefestivals.Theartspreadtotherestoftheworldinthe14thcentury.Thesedays,withapairofscissors60.a(chǎn)pieceofredpaper,FuZhao'efromtheNingxiaHuiautonomousregioncutoutanimageofArgentinafootballstarLionelMessiwithinacoupleofminutes.SincetheQatarWorldCup61._(start),Fu,63,hasbeencreatingworksoffootballsuperstars,62.a(chǎn)refavoredbyalotofherfriends."IcancutoutanythingthatIcanpictureinmymind,people,animalsandscenery63.(include),"saidFu,64.(add)thatpeoplesaythecuttingswerelifelike.Fuisanational-levelinheritor(繼承人)ofpaper-cutting.HerworksshowthecustomsofnorthwesternChinaandhavestrongethniccharacteristics.Shewasrecognizedas65.ChinesefolkcraftartistbyUNESCO.六、第六部分基礎(chǔ)知識(每小題0.5分,共10分66.Thebandhasgoneontourtop(促銷,推銷)theirnewalbum.(根據(jù)中英文提示填空)67.Heranklecaughtonaroot,andshealmostlostherb(平衡).(根據(jù)中英文提示填空)68.Weneedtoe(建立)alegalframeworkfortheprotectionoftheenvironment.(根據(jù)中英文提示填空)69.Atthecurrentrateofdecline,manyoftherainforestanimalscouldgoe(滅絕)inlessthan10years.(根據(jù)中英文提示填空)70.Itwasanothera(試圖,企圖)todistractattentionfromthetruth.(根據(jù)中英文提示填空)71.Ourultimategoalmustbethe(preserve)oftheenvironment.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)72.His(apply)formembershipoftheorganizationwasrejected.(所給單詞適當(dāng)形式填空)73.Themanagerputforwarda(propose)toofferadiscounttoregularcustomers.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)74.Theywerehunted,(legal),fortheirvaluablefur.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)75.Wemayneedanationwidecampaigntoraise(aware)oftherisksofsmoking.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)76.Thelistof(endanger)speciesincludesnearly600fishes.(用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)77.Allthedifficulties(concern)withPaminaweresolvedbytheprince.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)78.Thenurseapplied(press)tohisarmtostopthebleeding.79.MichaelputupapictureofYaoMingbesidethebedtokeephimself(remind)ofhisowndreams.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)80.PeopleallovertheworldprotestJapan'sdumpingnuclearwastewaterintothePacific.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)81.Manypeoplehuntfameintheirlivesbutneverfindit.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)82.Ourplanet'swildlifeisdyingoutanalarmingrate.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)83.Whenachildhasbecomeadjustedtolifeinacity,hemayfeelquitealossinanyotherenvironment.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)84.Heisgoingtoadapthisplaytelevision.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)85.Youruntidinessalsoposesapotentialthreatmysafety.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)七、第七部分應(yīng)用文寫作(書寫5分,作文15分,共20分86.假定你是校英文報(bào)的記者李華。你校上周舉行了以環(huán)境保護(hù)為主題的相關(guān)活動,請你以"EnvironmentalProtectionWeek"為題寫一篇英文報(bào)道。內(nèi)容包括:1.活動目的;2.活動內(nèi)容;3.活動反響。注意:1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右;2.可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)以使行文連貫。……
答案解析部分1.【答案】A【解析】【分析】句意:不僅我,而且湯姆和瑪麗都喜歡看電視。"notonly...butalso..."連接并列的主語時(shí),謂語動詞要與butalso后面的主語TomandMary一致,即遵循就近原則,故選A。
【點(diǎn)評】考查主謂一致??焖僮R別主語。首先,在句子中迅速定位主語,它可能是單個(gè)名詞、代詞、名詞短語,也可能是由連接詞連接的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。判斷單復(fù)數(shù),確定主語是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù),這是選擇正確謂語形式的關(guān)鍵。理解并應(yīng)用一致原則。語法一致:大多數(shù)情況下,主語的單復(fù)數(shù)直接決定謂語的單復(fù)數(shù)形式。意義一致:注意主語在語境中的實(shí)際意義,有時(shí)形式上的單數(shù)主語可能表示復(fù)數(shù)概念(如"thegroup"作為集體概念時(shí)為單數(shù),但作為成員集合時(shí)為復(fù)數(shù)),反之亦然。就近原則:在復(fù)合主語結(jié)構(gòu)中,特別是當(dāng)主語由"either...or..."、"neither...nor..."或"notonly...butalso..."等連接時(shí),謂語的單復(fù)數(shù)應(yīng)與最近的主語保持一致。2.【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意:他剛坐下,電話就響了。Nosooner……than……"一……就……"位于句首,句子倒裝。根據(jù)動作發(fā)生的先后,Nosooner后用過去完成時(shí),than后用一般過去時(shí)??仗帒?yīng)該用過去完成時(shí),故選B。
【點(diǎn)評】考查倒裝句。結(jié)合語境判斷時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。根據(jù)句子描述的動作發(fā)生的時(shí)間或語境中的時(shí)間狀語,判斷謂語動詞的時(shí)態(tài)。倒裝句中的時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)與句子整體時(shí)態(tài)保持一致。注意識別句子是主動語態(tài)還是被動語態(tài),尤其是在需要倒裝的句子中,被動語態(tài)的助動詞(如be)會提前到主語之前。解題步驟1.閱讀題干和選項(xiàng):仔細(xì)閱讀題目中的句子和選項(xiàng),識別句子中是否有倒裝的標(biāo)志詞或需要倒裝的語境。2.判斷倒裝類型:根據(jù)標(biāo)志詞和語境,判斷是部分倒裝還是完全倒裝。3.確定時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài):結(jié)合句子中的時(shí)間狀語和上下文語境,確定謂語動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。4.選擇正確選項(xiàng):將選項(xiàng)中的謂語動詞與題目中的主語進(jìn)行匹配,選擇符合主謂一致、時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)正確的選項(xiàng)。3.【答案】D【解析】【分析】句意:這是我第一次看到這么有趣的電影。此處為句型Thisisthefirsttimethat+現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),表示"第一次做某事"。故選D。
【點(diǎn)評】考查固定句型。注意牢記固定句型:Thisisthefirsttimethat+現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)"第一次做某事"。4.【答案】C【解析】【分析】句意:應(yīng)該有你可以求助的人。turntosb.forhelp意為"向某人尋求幫助",分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空處引導(dǎo)定語從句,someone是先行詞,它在從句中作介詞to的賓語,指人,因此可以使用"towhom"引導(dǎo)定語從句,故選C。
【點(diǎn)評】考查定語從句。首先,在定語從句的題目中,你需要找出或理解句子中的定語從句,并識別其關(guān)系詞。在句子中找到被定語從句修飾的名詞或代詞,這個(gè)名詞或代詞就是先行詞。先行詞決定了關(guān)系詞的選擇。確定關(guān)系詞的位置,關(guān)系詞通常緊跟在先行詞之后,引導(dǎo)定語從句。判斷關(guān)系詞的作用,關(guān)系詞在定語從句中充當(dāng)什么成分(主語、賓語、定語或狀語)。根據(jù)先行詞是人還是物來選擇關(guān)系代詞(who,whom,that,which)或考慮使用關(guān)系副詞(when,where,why)。如果先行詞被特定的詞(如序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級、不定代詞等)修飾,或者句子需要強(qiáng)調(diào)特定意義,通常使用that作為關(guān)系詞。5.【答案】A【解析】【分析】句意:不是約翰就是他的朋友要為糟糕的結(jié)果負(fù)責(zé)。并列主語由Either…or…連接時(shí),遵循就近原則,謂語應(yīng)和后面的主語hisfriends表示一致,句子陳述目前事實(shí),應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),be動詞使用are。故選A。
【點(diǎn)評】考查主謂一致??焖僮R別主語。首先,在句子中迅速定位主語,它可能是單個(gè)名詞、代詞、名詞短語,也可能是由連接詞連接的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。判斷單復(fù)數(shù),確定主語是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù),這是選擇正確謂語形式的關(guān)鍵。理解并應(yīng)用一致原則。語法一致:大多數(shù)情況下,主語的單復(fù)數(shù)直接決定謂語的單復(fù)數(shù)形式。意義一致:注意主語在語境中的實(shí)際意義,有時(shí)形式上的單數(shù)主語可能表示復(fù)數(shù)概念(如"thegroup"作為集體概念時(shí)為單數(shù),但作為成員集合時(shí)為復(fù)數(shù)),反之亦然。就近原則:在復(fù)合主語結(jié)構(gòu)中,特別是當(dāng)主語由"either...or..."、"neither...nor..."或"notonly...butalso..."等連接時(shí),謂語的單復(fù)數(shù)應(yīng)與最近的主語保持一致。6.【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意:在茂密的森林里有許多湖泊,有一些足夠大可以容納好幾個(gè)英國城鎮(zhèn)。分析句子,表示方位的介副詞短語Inthedarkforest置句首,主句用全部倒裝(實(shí)義動詞+主語)。表示某物存在于某處,動詞應(yīng)用lie,描述一般事實(shí)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),主語是manylakes,是復(fù)數(shù),謂語動詞用lie,故選B。
【點(diǎn)評】考查倒裝句,時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。解題步驟:1.理解題目要求。首先,要仔細(xì)閱讀題目中的句子和選項(xiàng),明確題目考察的是倒裝句的用法。注意句子中是否有常見的倒裝句標(biāo)志詞,如否定詞、only、so、neither等,或者具有特定位置的副詞(如here、there、then等)和介詞短語。2.分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)。識別句子中的主語和謂語,這是判斷是否需要倒裝以及倒裝類型的基礎(chǔ)。觀察句子的語序是否與常規(guī)語序(主語+謂語)一致,如果不一致,則可能是倒裝句。3.判斷倒裝類型。部分倒裝:如果句子中只是將助動詞、情態(tài)動詞或be動詞提前到主語之前,而謂語動詞本身保持不變,則是部分倒裝。完全倒裝:如果整個(gè)謂語動詞被置于主語之前,形成"謂語+主語"的結(jié)構(gòu),則是完全倒裝。注意,當(dāng)主語是代詞時(shí),通常不發(fā)生完全倒裝。4.結(jié)合語境和時(shí)態(tài)。結(jié)合句子的上下文語境,理解句子的整體意思和所要表達(dá)的重點(diǎn)。根據(jù)句子的語境和所給選項(xiàng),判斷謂語動詞的時(shí)態(tài)是否正確。倒裝句中的時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)與句子整體時(shí)態(tài)保持一致。5.應(yīng)用語法規(guī)則和固定搭配。在解題過程中要始終遵循英語語法規(guī)則,確保所選答案既符合語法又符合語境。注意一些常見的倒裝句固定搭配和用法,如"only+狀語+部分倒裝"、"so/such…that"句型中的倒裝等。7.【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意:——這個(gè)周末我們?nèi)ネ讲铰眯泻脝??——有這么多工作要做,我不知道是否有時(shí)間出去。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu),這里是"with+賓語+賓補(bǔ)"復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。allthiswork和do之間是動賓關(guān)系,而do的邏輯主語是I,且這里表示將來,with在這里有"有"的含義,所以應(yīng)用不定式的主動形式作賓補(bǔ)。故選B。
【點(diǎn)評】考查非謂語動詞(動詞不定式)。讀題審題,仔細(xì)閱讀題目,理解句子的整體意義。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu),找出謂語動詞和非謂語動詞。判斷非謂語動詞的作用,確定非謂語動詞在句子中充當(dāng)?shù)某煞旨捌溥壿嬛髡Z。分析語態(tài)和時(shí)態(tài),根據(jù)非謂語動詞與邏輯主語的關(guān)系及時(shí)間關(guān)系,判斷應(yīng)使用的語態(tài)和時(shí)態(tài)。對比選項(xiàng),將分析結(jié)果與選項(xiàng)進(jìn)行對比,選擇最符合題意的答案。8.【答案】C【解析】【分析】句意:這是他過去工作的工廠。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu),空處引導(dǎo)一個(gè)定語從句,先行詞是thefactory,且從句中缺少地點(diǎn)狀語,所以應(yīng)用where引導(dǎo)。故選C。
【點(diǎn)評】考查定語從句。首先,在定語從句的題目中,你需要找出或理解句子中的定語從句,并識別其關(guān)系詞。在句子中找到被定語從句修飾的名詞或代詞,這個(gè)名詞或代詞就是先行詞。先行詞決定了關(guān)系詞的選擇。確定關(guān)系詞的位置,關(guān)系詞通常緊跟在先行詞之后,引導(dǎo)定語從句。判斷關(guān)系詞的作用,關(guān)系詞在定語從句中充當(dāng)什么成分(主語、賓語、定語或狀語)。根據(jù)先行詞是人還是物來選擇關(guān)系代詞(who,whom,that,which)或考慮使用關(guān)系副詞(when,where,why)。如果先行詞被特定的詞(如序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級、不定代詞等)修飾,或者句子需要強(qiáng)調(diào)特定意義,通常使用that作為關(guān)系詞。9.【答案】C【解析】【分析】句意:教授很失望,因?yàn)樵S多學(xué)生對他的課不感興趣。此處manya+單數(shù)名詞作主語,謂語應(yīng)用單數(shù),結(jié)合上文was可知為一般過去時(shí)。故選C。
【點(diǎn)評】考查主謂一致。首先,在句子中迅速定位主語,它可能是單個(gè)名詞、代詞、名詞短語,也可能是由連接詞連接的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。判斷單復(fù)數(shù),確定主語是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù),這是選擇正確謂語形式的關(guān)鍵。理解并應(yīng)用一致原則。語法一致:大多數(shù)情況下,主語的單復(fù)數(shù)直接決定謂語的單復(fù)數(shù)形式。意義一致:注意主語在語境中的實(shí)際意義,有時(shí)形式上的單數(shù)主語可能表示復(fù)數(shù)概念(如"thegroup"作為集體概念時(shí)為單數(shù),但作為成員集合時(shí)為復(fù)數(shù)),反之亦然。就近原則:在復(fù)合主語結(jié)構(gòu)中,特別是當(dāng)主語由"either...or..."、"neither...nor..."或"notonly...butalso..."等連接時(shí),謂語的單復(fù)數(shù)應(yīng)與最近的主語保持一致。10.【答案】C【解析】【分析】句意:約翰沖了出去,手里拿著一根棍子。當(dāng)副詞放在句首時(shí),句子使用完全倒裝,但主語是代詞時(shí),句子不用倒裝。分析本句,副詞Out位于句首,結(jié)合選項(xiàng),主語是John,使用倒裝形式。故選C。
【點(diǎn)評】考查倒裝句(完全倒裝)。解題步驟:1.理解題目要求。首先,要仔細(xì)閱讀題目中的句子和選項(xiàng),明確題目考察的是倒裝句的用法。注意句子中是否有常見的倒裝句標(biāo)志詞,如否定詞、only、so、neither等,或者具有特定位置的副詞(如here、there、then等)和介詞短語。2.分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)。識別句子中的主語和謂語,這是判斷是否需要倒裝以及倒裝類型的基礎(chǔ)。觀察句子的語序是否與常規(guī)語序(主語+謂語)一致,如果不一致,則可能是倒裝句。3.判斷倒裝類型。部分倒裝:如果句子中只是將助動詞、情態(tài)動詞或be動詞提前到主語之前,而謂語動詞本身保持不變,則是部分倒裝。完全倒裝:如果整個(gè)謂語動詞被置于主語之前,形成"謂語+主語"的結(jié)構(gòu),則是完全倒裝。注意,當(dāng)主語是代詞時(shí),通常不發(fā)生完全倒裝。4.結(jié)合語境和時(shí)態(tài)。結(jié)合句子的上下文語境,理解句子的整體意思和所要表達(dá)的重點(diǎn)。根據(jù)句子的語境和所給選項(xiàng),判斷謂語動詞的時(shí)態(tài)是否正確。倒裝句中的時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)與句子整體時(shí)態(tài)保持一致。5.應(yīng)用語法規(guī)則和固定搭配。在解題過程中要始終遵循英語語法規(guī)則,確保所選答案既符合語法又符合語境。注意一些常見的倒裝句固定搭配和用法,如"only+狀語+部分倒裝"、"so/such…that"句型中的倒裝等。11.【答案】C【解析】【分析】句意:湯姆寫了許多兒童讀物,其中近一半是關(guān)于校園文化的。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,books是定語從句的先行詞,指物,half表示書中的一半,介詞of可以表示所屬關(guān)系,應(yīng)該使用"ofwhich"引導(dǎo)定語從句,故選C。
【點(diǎn)評】考查定語從句。解題步驟:1.閱讀題干和選項(xiàng):仔細(xì)閱讀題目中的句子和選項(xiàng),理解句子的整體意思和語境。2.識別定語從句:根據(jù)關(guān)系詞和逗號等標(biāo)志,識別出句子中的定語從句部分。3.找準(zhǔn)先行詞:確定定語從句所修飾的名詞或代詞,即先行詞。4.分析從句成分:判斷定語從句中缺少什么成分,確定應(yīng)使用的關(guān)系詞類型。5.對比選項(xiàng):將選項(xiàng)中的關(guān)系詞與題目中的定語從句進(jìn)行對比,選擇符合語法規(guī)則和語境的選項(xiàng)。12.【答案】C【解析】【分析】句意:基于一個(gè)真實(shí)的故事,這部電影在全國都很受歡迎。固定短語base...on...意為"……以……為基礎(chǔ)",即"basethefilmonatruestory",base與film之間是被動關(guān)系,使用base的過去分詞作狀語,故選C。
【點(diǎn)評】考查非謂語動詞(過去分詞)。解題步驟:1.明確題目要求和選項(xiàng)。首先,仔細(xì)閱讀題目,明確題目考察的是非謂語動詞的用法。瀏覽給出的選項(xiàng),初步了解可能涉及的非謂語動詞形式(如不定式、動名詞、過去分詞等)。2.分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)。在句子中找出謂語動詞,這是確定其他動詞為非謂語動詞的關(guān)鍵。將句子劃分為不同的成分(如主語、謂語、賓語、定語、狀語等),以便更好地理解非謂語動詞在句子中的作用。3.確定非謂語動詞的功能。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)和語境,判斷非謂語動詞在句子中作主語、賓語、表語、定語、狀語還是補(bǔ)語。理解非謂語動詞所表達(dá)的具體含義,這有助于進(jìn)一步分析主被動和時(shí)態(tài)。4.分析主被動關(guān)系。確定邏輯主語:明確非謂語動詞的邏輯主語,這通常是句子的主語,但也可能是其他名詞或代詞。判斷主被動:分析邏輯主語與非謂語動詞之間的關(guān)系,確定使用主動形式還是被動形式。5.判斷時(shí)態(tài)。結(jié)合句子的整體語境和謂語動詞的時(shí)態(tài),判斷非謂語動詞的時(shí)態(tài)。如現(xiàn)在分詞表示與謂語動詞同時(shí)發(fā)生的動作,而完成式則表示在謂語動詞之前已經(jīng)完成的動作。13.【答案】A【解析】【分析】句意:這是一座可以追溯到14世紀(jì)的老建筑。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,date在句子中不作為謂語動詞使用,datebackto是固定短語,意為"追溯到",此處是現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動意義,它作后置定語修飾building,故選A。
【點(diǎn)評】考查非謂語動詞(現(xiàn)在分詞)。解題步驟:1.明確題目要求和選項(xiàng)。首先,仔細(xì)閱讀題目,明確題目考察的是非謂語動詞的用法。瀏覽給出的選項(xiàng),初步了解可能涉及的非謂語動詞形式(如不定式、動名詞、過去分詞等)。2.分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)。在句子中找出謂語動詞,這是確定其他動詞為非謂語動詞的關(guān)鍵。將句子劃分為不同的成分(如主語、謂語、賓語、定語、狀語等),以便更好地理解非謂語動詞在句子中的作用。3.確定非謂語動詞的功能。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)和語境,判斷非謂語動詞在句子中作主語、賓語、表語、定語、狀語還是補(bǔ)語。理解非謂語動詞所表達(dá)的具體含義,這有助于進(jìn)一步分析主被動和時(shí)態(tài)。4.分析主被動關(guān)系。確定邏輯主語:明確非謂語動詞的邏輯主語,這通常是句子的主語,但也可能是其他名詞或代詞。判斷主被動:分析邏輯主語與非謂語動詞之間的關(guān)系,確定使用主動形式還是被動形式。5.判斷時(shí)態(tài)。結(jié)合句子的整體語境和謂語動詞的時(shí)態(tài),判斷非謂語動詞的時(shí)態(tài)。如現(xiàn)在分詞表示與謂語動詞同時(shí)發(fā)生的動作,而完成式則表示在謂語動詞之前已經(jīng)完成的動作。14.【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意:現(xiàn)在,騎車還有慢跑和游泳被認(rèn)為是最好的全能運(yùn)動之一。regard……as……把……看作……。cycling,alongwithjoggingandswimming與regard構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系,由alongwith連接的多個(gè)名詞作主語時(shí),謂語與alongwith前的名詞保持一致,cycling是第三人稱單數(shù)形式,故選B。【點(diǎn)評】考查主語一致和被動語態(tài)。15.【答案】D【解析】【分析】句意:只有當(dāng)你努力工作的時(shí)候,你的夢想才能成真。當(dāng)only放在句首,且強(qiáng)調(diào)狀語的時(shí)候,后面的主句使用部分倒裝的形式。本題的第一空whenyouworkhard這是一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語從句,正是強(qiáng)調(diào)的狀語部分,不使用倒裝,第二空是主句,所以需要部分倒裝的形式。故選D。
【點(diǎn)評】考查倒裝句。解題步驟:1.理解題目要求。首先,要仔細(xì)閱讀題目中的句子和選項(xiàng),明確題目考察的是倒裝句的用法。注意句子中是否有常見的倒裝句標(biāo)志詞,如否定詞、only、so、neither等,或者具有特定位置的副詞(如here、there、then等)和介詞短語。2.分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)。識別句子中的主語和謂語,這是判斷是否需要倒裝以及倒裝類型的基礎(chǔ)。觀察句子的語序是否與常規(guī)語序(主語+謂語)一致,如果不一致,則可能是倒裝句。3.判斷倒裝類型。部分倒裝:如果句子中只是將助動詞、情態(tài)動詞或be動詞提前到主語之前,而謂語動詞本身保持不變,則是部分倒裝。完全倒裝:如果整個(gè)謂語動詞被置于主語之前,形成"謂語+主語"的結(jié)構(gòu),則是完全倒裝。注意,當(dāng)主語是代詞時(shí),通常不發(fā)生完全倒裝。4.結(jié)合語境和時(shí)態(tài)。結(jié)合句子的上下文語境,理解句子的整體意思和所要表達(dá)的重點(diǎn)。根據(jù)句子的語境和所給選項(xiàng),判斷謂語動詞的時(shí)態(tài)是否正確。倒裝句中的時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)與句子整體時(shí)態(tài)保持一致。5.應(yīng)用語法規(guī)則和固定搭配。在解題過程中要始終遵循英語語法規(guī)則,確保所選答案既符合語法又符合語境。注意一些常見的倒裝句固定搭配和用法,如"only+狀語+部分倒裝"、"so/such…that"句型中的倒裝等。16.【答案】D【解析】【分析】句意:中國是唯一能找到野生大熊貓的國家。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空處引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句,country是先行詞,從句中缺地點(diǎn)狀語,因此使用關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)定語從句,故選D。
【點(diǎn)評】考查定語從句。解題步驟:1.閱讀題干和選項(xiàng):仔細(xì)閱讀題目中的句子和選項(xiàng),理解句子的整體意思和語境。2.識別定語從句:根據(jù)關(guān)系詞和逗號等標(biāo)志,識別出句子中的定語從句部分。3.找準(zhǔn)先行詞:確定定語從句所修飾的名詞或代詞,即先行詞。4.分析從句成分:判斷定語從句中缺少什么成分,確定應(yīng)使用的關(guān)系詞類型。5.對比選項(xiàng):將選項(xiàng)中的關(guān)系詞與題目中的定語從句進(jìn)行對比,選擇符合語法規(guī)則和語境的選項(xiàng)。17.【答案】C【解析】【分析】句意:早睡早起是一個(gè)好習(xí)慣。主語"Earlytobedandearlytorise"是不定式作主語,看作一個(gè)整體,謂語動詞用單數(shù),陳述客觀事實(shí)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),故be動詞用is,故選C。
【點(diǎn)評】考查主謂一致。注意:1.識別主語和謂語。確定主語:主語是句子中的核心,它通常位于句首,是謂語動作的執(zhí)行者或承受者。在解題時(shí),首先要準(zhǔn)確識別出句子的主語。找到謂語:謂語是句子中描述主語動作或狀態(tài)的部分,通常由動詞或動詞短語構(gòu)成。確定主語后,要找到與之對應(yīng)的謂語,并分析其形式是否與主語保持一致。2.分析主語的單復(fù)數(shù)形式。當(dāng)主語是單數(shù)形式時(shí),謂語動詞通常也用單數(shù)形式(第三人稱單數(shù));當(dāng)主語是復(fù)數(shù)形式時(shí),謂語動詞則用復(fù)數(shù)形式;注意一些特殊情況,如集體名詞、分?jǐn)?shù)或百分?jǐn)?shù)、以及由"anumberof,thenumberof"等短語引導(dǎo)的主語,它們對謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式有影響。3.注意主謂一致的特殊情況。就近原則:當(dāng)兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的名詞作并列主語時(shí),謂語動詞的數(shù)往往與靠近它的那個(gè)名詞保持一致(尤其是由either…or…,neither…nor…等連詞連接時(shí))。強(qiáng)調(diào)句和倒裝句:在強(qiáng)調(diào)句和倒裝句中,謂語動詞的數(shù)要與強(qiáng)調(diào)或倒裝的部分保持一致。定語從句和狀語從句:在定語從句和狀語從句中,關(guān)系代詞或連詞作主語時(shí),其謂語動詞的數(shù)要與先行詞或從句的主語保持一致。4.
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