2024-2025學(xué)年新教材高中英語Unit8GreenLivingTopicTalk課時(shí)素養(yǎng)評價(jià)作業(yè)含解析北師大版必修第三冊

PAGE課時(shí)素養(yǎng)評價(jià)五Unit8TopicTalkⅠ.單句語法填空1.Sunlightreflectionmayrelieveglobal(globe)warming.2.Measuresforpreventingandcontrollingindustrial(industry)pollutionhavegraduallybeenperfected.3.Theorganizationwassetuptopreserveendangeredspeciesfromextinction(extinct).4.Inthefuture,wewillhavemorequicktransportation(transport)means.5.WiththehelpofourEnglishteacher,wehadadiscussionandfinallycameupwithapropersolution(solve).6.Besides,manyparentshavelimitedknowledgeaboutwhatabalanced(balance)dietis.

7.IwilldomypartformystudyinEnglish.8.MrsLuhrsnoweditsamagazine,whichpublishestipsonhowtobuyrecycled(recycle)furniture.9.Theprojectisaimedatmakingsomecompaniesreusealldeserted(desert)plasticbottles.10.Hetapped(tap)meontheshoulderandthengavemeabrightsmile.Ⅱ.選詞填空keepone’sbalance,typesof,fightagainst,doone’spartfor,liveinharmonywith1.Thelittlegirlstruggledtokeepherbalanceonhernewskates.

2.I’lldomypartforfinishingitassoonaspossible.

3.Wealwaysdesiretoliveinharmonywithourneighbors.

4.Wemustallfightagainstunfairnessandcruelty.

5.Chinaisfamousformanydifferenttypesoffolkdances.

Ⅲ.完成句子1.Wehadexperimentedwithseveralsolutionstothisproblembeforefindingaproperone.

在找到一個(gè)合適的解決方案之前,我們已經(jīng)試驗(yàn)了好幾種解決方案。(solution)2.It’sverydifficultformetokeepmybalanceonanicystreet.

我很難在結(jié)冰的街道上保持平衡。(balance)3.Greatachievementscanbedoneifhumansliveinharmonywithnature.

假如人類與自然和諧相處,就能取得巨大的成就。(liveinharmonywith...)4.Whataninterestingbook!

多么好玩的一本書啊!(感嘆句)5.Tooursurprise,somepeopleareignorantofthefactsaboutglobalwarming.

令我們驚異的是,有些人對全球變暖的事實(shí)一竅不通。(global)Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2024·合肥高一檢測)Asolar-poweredcarthatcanbechargedasitrunsisbeingtestedinGermany.Munich-basedmanufacturer(制造商)SonoMotorshasbuiltthenewtype,namedSion,andwilllikelyhelptheEuropeanpowerhousehititsnationaltargetof1millionelectriccarsontheroadby2024.SonoMotorshassolarcellsfixedintoSion’sbodywork,withatotalof330solarcellsbuiltintotheroof,bonnetandsidesofthevehicle.Theseenablethevehicle’sbatterytobechargedwhensunlightishittingthesolarcells,whetheritisontheroad,orparkedinthesunnyspotinacarpark.Thesolar-poweredvehicleissettobelaunchedinGermanyin2024.SonoMotorswantsSiontobeuniversalandallowsthecartobechargedusingsolarenergyaswellasconventionaloutlets(電源插座),socarownersaren’tleftoncloudydays.Thefirmhasmadea2024dateformassproduction,whichwillbeundertaken(擔(dān)當(dāng))byaEuropeanmanufacturer.Some6,500peoplehavealreadyplacedordersfortheelectricvehicle.PricesforSiontendtostartfrom16,000nextyear.Theall-electricvehiclewillofferarangeofaround250kmbeforethebatteryrunsoutcompletelyanditneedsrechargingeitherbysolarpowerorusingawallplug,thecompanysaid.Sionwasdesignedoriginallyasanenvironmentallyconsciouscar,butwillalsoincludeanumberoffeaturesdesignedaroundcomforttohelpitcompetewithothermodernvehicles.“Wehaveaseatheater,airconditioning,andalargeentertainmentsystemwhereIcanalsoconnectmyphone,whichmeansIreallyhaveafullvehicle,”LaurinHahn,co-founderofthecompanytoldReuters.【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了德國生產(chǎn)的一款太陽能汽車Sion。1.WhatcanweknowfromParagraph3?A.Thecarispopularontheroad.B.Thecarhasaverylargebattery.C.Thereare330solarcellsonthecar.D.Wherethereissunlight,Sioncanbecharged.【解析】選D。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段中的“Theseenablethevehicle’sbatterytobechargedwhensunlightishittingthesolarcells,whetheritisontheroad,orparkedinthesunnyspotinacarpark.”可知,當(dāng)陽光照耀到太陽能電池上時(shí),無論這款車是在路上還是停在停車場里陽光足夠的地方,電池都能充電。所以只要有陽光,這款車就能充電。故選D項(xiàng)。2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“l(fā)aunched”inParagraph4mean?A.designedB.releasedC.improvedD.recalled【解析】選B。詞義揣測題。依據(jù)第六段“Thefirmhasmadea2024dateformassproduction,whichwillbeundertakenbyaEuropeanmanufacturer.”可知,該公司已經(jīng)確定了2024年大規(guī)模生產(chǎn)的日期,這將由一家歐洲制造商擔(dān)當(dāng)。所以這款太陽能汽車即將在2024年上市。由此推斷出畫線詞是“發(fā)布”的意思。故選B項(xiàng)。3.Whydoesn’tthecarbreakdownwhenitiscloudy?A.Becauseitismadefromtherainproofmaterial.B.Becauseitcanbechargedbycloudsoncloudydays.C.Becauseitcanstoreagreatdealofenergy.D.Becauseitcanbechargedbyconventionalpoweroutlets.【解析】選D。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第五段的“SonoMotorswantsSiontobeuniversalandallowsthecartobechargedusingsolarenergyaswellasconventionaloutlets,socarownersaren’tleftoncloudydays.”可知,即使在陰天,Sion也可以運(yùn)用,因?yàn)檫@款車可以運(yùn)用傳統(tǒng)的插座充電。故選D項(xiàng)。4.Whatarethefeaturesofthecar?A.Modern,powerfulandpopular.B.Environmentallyfriendly,comfortableandcompetitive.C.Environmentallyfriendly,cheapandsimple.D.Expensive,fashionableandenergy-saving.【解析】選B。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段中的“Sionwasdesignedoriginallyasanenvironmentallyconsciouscar,butwillalsoincludeanumberoffeaturesdesignedaroundcomforttohelpitcompetewithothermodernvehicles.”可知,Sion最初是作為一款環(huán)保汽車設(shè)計(jì)的,但它也將包括一些圍繞舒適性設(shè)計(jì)的功能,以幫助它與其他現(xiàn)代汽車競爭。所以這款車環(huán)保、舒適、具有競爭力。故選B項(xiàng)。B“Whatkindofrubbishareyou?”Thisquestionmightnormallycauseanger,butinShanghaiithasbecomeaspecial“greeting”amongpeopleoverthepastweek.OnJuly1st,thecityintroducedstricttrash-sortingregulations(條例>thatarerequiredtofollowandexpectedtobeusedasamodelforourcountry.Residentsmustdividetheirwasteintofourseparatecategoriesandtoss(投放)itintospecificpublicdustbins.Theymustdosoatspecifiedtimes,whenmonitorsarepresenttoensurecorrecttrash-tossingandtoaskthenatureofone’srubbish.Individualswhofailtofollowtheregulationsfacethepossibilityoffinesandworse.Theycouldbepunishedwithfinesofupto200yuan($29).Forthosewhorepeattogoagainstthem,thegovernmentcanaddblackmarkstotheircreditrecords,makingitharderforthemtogetbankloansorevenbuytraintickets.Shanghaigovernmentisrespondingtoanobviousenvironmentalproblem.Itgenerates9milliontonsofgarbageayear,morethanLondon’sannualoutput,whichisrisingquickly.ButlikeothercitiesinChina,itlacksarecyclingsystem.Instead,ithasreliedontrashpickerstosift(篩選)throughthewaste,pickingoutwhatevercanbereused.Thishaslimits.Aspeoplegetwealthier,fewerofthemwanttodosuchdirtywork.Thewaste,meanwhile,justkeepspilingup.Manyresidentsappeartosupporttheideaofrecyclingingeneralbutareannoyedbythedetails.Rubbishmustbedividedaccordingtowhetheritisfood,recyclable,dryorharmful,thedistinctionsamongwhichcanbeconfusing,thoughthereareappstohelpworkitout.Somehavecomplainedabouttherulesconcerningfoodwaste.Theymustputitstraightintherequiredpublicbins,forcingthemtotearopenplasticbagsandtossitbyhand.Whattheycomplainmostistheshortperiodsfordroppingtrash,typicallyacoupleofhours,morningandevening.Alongwiththemonitorsatthebins,thismeansthatpeoplegoataroundthesametimeandcankeepaneyeonwhatisbeingthrownout;noonewantstolookbad.【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文,主要介紹了7月1日上海市出臺的垃圾分類規(guī)定,有望成為我國的一個(gè)典范。5.Whatdoweknowaboutthetrash-sortingregulationsinShanghai?A.Theyarethefirstoftheirkind.B.Theyaretiedtoone’sbankaccount.C.Theyhavethehighestfines.D.They’reaidedbymonitors.【解析】選D。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段Theymustdosoatspecifiedtimes,whenmonitorsarepresenttoensurecorrecttrash-tossingandtoaskthenatureofone’srubbish.和最終一段Alongwiththemonitorsatthebins,可知扔垃圾有人監(jiān)督。故選D項(xiàng)。6.WhyhasShanghaiintroducedthetrash-sortingregulations?A.Therearefewerandfewertrashpickers.B.Itaimstobuildanewrecyclingsystem.C.Itfacesmoreandmoreseriousgarbageproblems.D.Peoplethrowtherubbishhereandthere.【解析】選C。推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段可知上海市政府正在應(yīng)對一個(gè)明顯的環(huán)境問題。它每年產(chǎn)生900萬噸垃圾,比倫敦的年產(chǎn)量還多,并且缺乏回收系統(tǒng)。所以上海出臺垃圾分類規(guī)定是因?yàn)樗媾R著越來越嚴(yán)峻的垃圾問題。故選C項(xiàng)。7.Whatmakestheresidentsupsetmostabouttheregulations?A.Limitedtimefortossingthetrash.B.Confusingdistinctionamongthecategoriesoftrash.C.Beingfinedduetoimproperbehavior.D.Beingwatchedbymonitorswhenthrowingthegarbage.【解析】選A。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最終一段Whattheycomplainmostistheshortperiodsfordroppingtrash,typicallyacoupleofhours,morningandevening.“他們埋怨最多的是垃圾投放的時(shí)間很短,通常是早晚兩個(gè)小時(shí)?！笨芍永臅r(shí)間規(guī)定讓居民們最不滿。故選A項(xiàng)。8.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.AGoodWayofTrash-sortingB.ANewEraofGarbageClassificationC.AGreatTimeinDealingwithLitterD.AnEffectiveSolutiontoRubbishProblem【解析】選B。主旨大意題。依據(jù)第一段中“OnJuly1st,thecityintroducedstricttrash-sortingregulationsthatarerequiredtofollowandexpectedtobeusedasamodelforourcountry.Residentsmustdividetheirwasteintofourseparatecategoriesandtossitintospecificpublicdustbins.Theymustdosoatspecifiedtimes,whenmonitorsarepresenttoensurecorrecttrash-tossingandtoaskthenatureofone’srubbish.”可知,“垃圾分類的新時(shí)代”符合主旨。故選B項(xiàng)。Ⅱ.語法填空Peoplearewastingthingseverywhereandeveryday.Whereverwego,wecanseethatpaper,bottlesandcansarethrownaway;food1.__________(waste)justbecauseofitspoortaste;clothesarethrownaroundsimplyduetotheiroldfashion.Notonlythingsandmoneyarewasted,butnaturalresourcesarewastedaswell.2.__________(tree)arecutdownmerelyforfuel;wildlifeiskilled3.__________(simple)forfood;coalandmineralsareexploited(開采)in4.__________badway.

Theworstexampleofman’swasteisthewasteoftime.Manypeopletendtospendtheirtimeon5.__________(worth)things,suchaswanderingabout(閑逛)inthestreet,gossipingintheoffice,or6.__________(sleep)toomuchduringtheday.Asweknow,timeissovaluabletousthatitwillneverreturnifit7.__________(pass)by.

Itistime8.__________(call)foranendtowaste.Ontheonehand,wemustsavenaturalresourcesandmakefulluseofthem,9.__________isveryimportanttoourfuture;otherwisehumanbeingswillbefacedwiththelackofnaturalresourcesandsuffer10.__________pollutioncausedbywaste.Ontheotherhand,wemustvalueourtime.Onlywithourtimedevotedtostudyandworkforthepeoplewillweneverregretthelifewehavehad.

【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文,介紹了人類在生活中存在嚴(yán)峻的奢侈現(xiàn)象,由此呼吁人們停止奢侈。1.【解析】iswasted。句意:食物因?yàn)槲兜啦缓枚簧莩薜?。陳述的是客觀事實(shí),food與waste之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,所以用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài),主語是food,謂語動(dòng)詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式,故填iswasted。2.【解析】Trees。句意:人們砍伐樹木只是為了獲得燃料。tree是可數(shù)名詞,空后的“are”表明此處用復(fù)數(shù)形式,故填Trees。3.【解析】simply。句意:人們捕殺野生動(dòng)物只是為了獲得食物。修飾介詞短語forfood用副詞,故填simply。4.【解析】a。句意:煤和礦物的開采方式很糟糕。way是可數(shù)名詞,此處用不定冠詞表泛指,bad的發(fā)音以輔音音素開頭,故填a。5.【解析】worthless。句意:很多人傾向于把時(shí)間花在毫無價(jià)值的事情上,比如在街上閑逛、在辦公室閑聊或者白天睡大覺。修飾名詞things用形容詞,依據(jù)空后的舉例可知此處表示“無價(jià)值的”,故填worthless。6.【解析】sleeping。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知此處與wandering和gossiping并列,用動(dòng)名詞作suchas的賓語,故填sleeping。7.【解析】passes。句意:正如我們所知,時(shí)間對我們是如此珍貴,一去不復(fù)返。if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來,主語是it,謂語用第三人稱單數(shù)形式,故填passes。8.【解析】tocall。句意:現(xiàn)在是呼吁停止奢侈的時(shí)候了。Itistimetodosth.是固定句型,表示“是做某事的時(shí)候了”,故填tocall。9.【解析】which。句意:一方面,我們必需節(jié)約和充分利用自然資源,這對我們的將來特別重要。此處為非限制性定語從句,關(guān)系詞指代整個(gè)主句內(nèi)容并在從句中作主語,故填which。10.【解析】from。句意:否則,人類將面臨自然資源的匱乏和遭遇奢侈造成的污染。sufferfrom表示“遭遇”,故填from。閱讀理解(2024·西安高一檢測)Plasticisusedforfoodpackaging(包裝)andwaterbottlesaswellasmanyotherthingsyouuseeveryday.Lookaround,plasticisallover!Sadly,muchofplasticwasteisthrownintowastelandsorwashedintothesea,breakingdownintoparticles.Particlesareoftentakeninbyanimalsorfish.Unlessyouaretheonewhoonlyeatsvegetables,itishighlylikelythatyouarealsoeatingthisplastic.Besides,whenyoudrinksoftdrinksfromaplasticbottle,youalsohavethedangerofdrinkingadangerouschemical.Ithasbeenprovedthatplasticisconnectedwithsometypesofdiseasesandyoungchildren’sgrowth.Aplasticbottlecanbreakdownintoenoughsmallpiecesoneachseasideinthewholeworld.Theyhavealsobeendiscoveredtocollectinlargeamountsinsealocationswherewindsandcurrents(洋流)areweak.Howdoyouhelptosolvetheproblem?Useastainlesssteel(不銹鋼)bottle.Itisanobviouswaytodealwiththeproblemthathasbeenignoredformanyyears.Manycountriesbecomeincreasinglymorefamiliarwiththepollutionthatisdamagingtheenvironment.It’seasytounderstandwhystepsarebeingtakentodiscoverthingstoreplacetheplastic.Ifyouuseastainlesssteelwaterbottle,youcanhelpcutthenumberofusingplasticbottles,whicharethrownawayandbreakdowngradually.Itmayeventake1,000yearstofadeaway.Inaword,evenbydoingsomethingassmallaschangingyourwaterbottletoastainlesssteelone,youcouldmaketheworldabetterplacetoliveforfuturegenerations.【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文,介紹了塑料瓶對環(huán)境的不良影響及解決方法。1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“particles”meaninParagraph1?A.Tinypiecesofplastic.B.Healthydrinkstohumans.C.Newbottles.D.Usefulmaterials.【解析】選A。詞義揣測題。由第一段中的“Sadly,muchofplasticwasteisthrownintowastelandsorwashedintothesea,breakingdownintoparticles.”和第一段中的“Unlessyouaretheonewhoonlyeatsvegetables,itishighlylikelythatyouarealsoeatingthisplastic.”可知被扔進(jìn)荒地或被沖入大海的塑料垃圾會(huì)分解成塑料碎片被人吃下去,所以particles在本句中意為“塑料碎片”。故選A項(xiàng)。2.Whatbadinfluencedoplasticpro