2024北京通州區(qū)高一（上）期末英語試題及答案

2024北京通州高一（上）期末英語2024年1月本試卷共頁,共分?？荚嚂r(shí)長90分鐘?？忌鷦?wù)必將答案答在答題卡上,在試卷上作答無效。考試結(jié)束后,請將答題卡交回。第一部分:知識(shí)運(yùn)用共兩節(jié),30分)第一節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分,共15分)閱讀下面短文,掌握其大意,從每題所給的、B、、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng),并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Onabrightafternoon,Jordan,MahirandMahir’sfathergatheredatthefootofamountain.Jordan,overhere!”bestfriend,wavedhishand,pointingacrackinthesideofthemountain.could1this!”Jordantiedhissafetyharness(系帶)andcheckedhisrope.Heweighedoneofthemhishand,determiningitsweight.Thenhelookedfor2locations,consideringthedifficultyofthetask.“Thatcrackis3Ithinkwe’dgetupveryhigh.”“Atthetimeofatest,apersonrisesorfalls.”saidGhanim,dad.Shakinghishead4overtheforeignproverb(),Jordanexaminedcrack.ItwasnothingmorethanasliverinthesolidfaceoftheHeshiftedinhisharnessasMahirgavetheproverbownexplaination:“Ifyou’renotreachingthe5,you’renottryinghardenough.”Jordanrecognizedthebitofadvicefromapreviousclimbinglesson.Hisownfather’svoiceresoundedinhisthoughts,asifinahalf-forgottendream.“Climbamountain,son,andyouclimbtheinsecurityyourownlife.climboveryourclimboveryour6.”Thatwasfiveyearsago,beforetheautomobile7thattookhislife.fatherswiftlyturnedhiscarandeffectively8acarfromgoingoverasuddenmovehadsavedthepeopleinthatButhisfather’scarwenta9withthedifficultsituation,dadneverhesitatedbeforemakingdecision.AndnowJordan10onhisbalance,hetookadeepbreathandbeganclimb.theymadeittothepeakofthemountain.1.A.hikeB.packC.climbD.dive2.A.worthwhile3.A.effectively4.A.confusion5.A.agreement6.A.shockB.possibleB.convenientlyB.awarenessB.destinationB.powerC.uniqueC.amazinglyC.understandingC.balanceC.doubtD.immediateD.unbelievablyD.appreciationD.crackD.struggleD.trap7.A.accident8.A.discouraged9.A.AgreedB.journeyC.eventB.connectedB.FacedC.pulledD.preventedD.GoneC.Ended10.A.ConcentratingB.DependingC.MovedD.Carrying第1頁/共8頁第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分,共15分)閱讀下列短文,根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~,在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。請?jiān)诖痤}卡指定區(qū)域作答。Aandotherculturalsitesweretakendownpiecebypiece,andthenmovedandputbacktogetheragaininaplacetheyweresafefromtheIn1961,Germanengineersmovedthefirsttemple.Overthenext20years,thousandsofengineersand12(work)rescued22templesandcountlessculturalrelics.Fiftycountriesdonatednearly$milliontotheproject.Whentheproject13(end)in1980,itwasconsideredagreatsuccess.BThe1980sand1990swerebadtimesfortheantelope.Hunterswereshootingantelopestomakeprofits.Theirhabitatswerebecoming14(small)asnewroadsandrailwayswerebuilt.Inordertosavethisspecies15extinction,theChinesegovernmentplaceditundernationalprotection.watchedovertheantelopesdayandnight16(keep)themsafefromattacks.Bridgesandgateswereaddedlettheantelopesmove17(easy)andkeepthemsafefromcarsandtrains.CSoonafterthequakes,thearmysent150,000soldierstodigoutthose18weretrappedandburythedead.Morethan10,000doctorsandnursescametoprovidemedicalcare.builtsheltersforsurvivorswhosehomeshadbeendestroyed.Hundredsofthousandsofpeoplewerehelped.andfood19(bring)intothecitybytrain,truck,andplane.thecity20(begin)breatheagain.startedtoreviveitselfandgetbackuponitsfeet.第二部分:閱讀理解共兩節(jié),38分)第一節(jié)(共14小題;每小題2分,共28分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的、B、、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng),并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。ADearMrLandeBandarage,Congratulations!applicationtostudyBachelorofInformationatUniversity(VU)hasbeensuccessful.I’mpleasedtoyoutheopportunitystudyVUasaninternationalstudent.VUhasalonghistoryofprovidinghigh-qualityeducation,throughpredecessor(前身)institutions,includingtheFootscraySchoolwhichwasfounded1916.2016,proudlycelebrated100yearsofhistoryandour25thanniversary(周年慶)asawehave48,900students,includingover9,400studentsstudyingaVUcourseoneofourpartnerinstitutionsinChina,Malaysia,andSingapore.ByselectingVUyouwillstudyatoneofthetop4%ofuniversitiestheworld.morethan24,000alumni(校友)workingorresidingoutsideAustralia,aqualificationfromVUwillprepareyouforaninternationalThisdocumentcontainsimportantinformationaboutyourcoursesincludingcostsandyourrightsandobligations.Ifyouhaveanyquestionsaboutyourpleaseemailintapps@.au.第2頁/共8頁acceptyourtostudyatVU,youmust:1.ReadtermsandconditionsofthisLetterofvery2.SignthisLetterofinSection14,3.thefeesinSection8,4.ReturnthiswholedocumenttoVU.Pleasenotethatifthisincludesoneormoreconditionsforentryintoacourse,youwillnotbeabletoacceptuntiltheseconditionshavebeenmet.AnyconditionsarespecifiedinSection5ofthislookforwardtowelcomingyoutoDimiChristouSeniorInternationalAdmissionsUniversity21.Whatisthistext?A.AuniversityB.Acourseadvertisement.C.AnapplicationforaD.Aninvitationtoanalumnievent.22.WhatdoweknowaboutVU?A.Ithasa100-yearhistoryasaC.Itwilltakein24,000internationalstudents.23.HowshouldLandesendhisacceptancereply?A.Byemailingintapps@.au.B.Itisamongtheuniversities.D.Ithas48,900studentsitspartnerinstitutions.B.readingthetermsandwritinganewletterDimi.C.payingthefeesandreturningthesigneddocumenttoVU.D.ByprovidingevidenceofhismeetingallconditionsinSection8.BChenGuanghuiisaguardianforblack-neckedcranes(黑頸鶴)intheDashanbaoBlack-neckedCraneNationalNatureReserveofZhaotonginsouthwestProvince.WhistlingisthesecretlanguageChentocommunicatewiththeblack-neckedcranes,atypeofmigratorybirdunderfirst-classprotectionChina.Shesaysdifferentwhistlessignalthings.Whenwhistlesinanincreasingtone,triestellthecranes:askyourcompanionstocomebacklunch,andtheywouldchirp(吱喳叫)tospreadthemessagerightLivingneartheDashanbaoNatureReserve,amajorwinterhabitatfortherarespecies,Chenstartedtakecareofthem2003,amissionshetookoverfromherwhosedevotiondatesbackthe1990s.“Inthefirstfewdays,IrememberedtheyawayassoonasIapproachedthem.Iwasveryupsetandaskedmytocomeback,andIwasworriedtheywouldstarve,”saysChen.“Ifirsttriedeverything,evensingingfolksongstoattractthem,butfailed.Iusedspecialwhistlesandgraduallyformedclosebondwiththecranes.”“Itreatthemiftheyweremyownchildren,andI’malwaysconcernedaboutthem,especiallyduringsnowydayswhentheygetfood.IfeeluncomfortableandanxiouswhenIhearthemchirpandusuallyrushpreparecomforthem.”neverbeenaneasyjob,andChensustainedquiteafewinjuriesovertheyears,evenfallingintofrozenmarsh(沼澤)whiletryingsaveatrappedcrane2008.shenevergaveup.loveandshehaspersistedincaringforthecranesabout20years.ThanksthejointprotectionofChenandmembersatthenaturereserve,nowmorethan1,900第3頁/共8頁black-neckedcranesoverwinterintheareaeachseasoneveryupfromabout300whenthenaturereservewasestablished.24.HowdoesChenGuanghuicommunicatewithblack-neckedcranes?A.Bysingingfolksongs.B.makinghandgestures.C.imitatingchirpsofbirds.D.Byblowingspecialwhistles.25.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“amission”Paragraph2referto?A.Rescuinginjuredanimals.B.Restoringhabitatsforrarespecies.C.Lookingafterblack-neckedcranes.26.Whatcanlearnfromstory?A.bearfruit.D.BuildingDashanbaoNatureReserveB.isitsownreward.C.Fortunefavorsthebrave.D.Amissisasgoodasamile.CHaveyoueverhadthefeelingthatyoucan’tthinkthereistoomuchnoisearound?youeverthinkafishcouldexperiencethatfeelingtoo?ArecentpaperpublishedinSciencetitled“Soundscape(聲景)oftheAnthropoceneOceans”,combinedover10,000scientificpapers,confirmingthatundersealifeknowsthatexactsamefeeling,moreoftenthannot.Anthropogenic(人為的)oceannoise,alsoknownasunderwaternoisepollution,hascreatedadramaticimpactonmarinelifedue“human-caused”activitywithinneighboringouroceans.DisneyanimatedFindingNemoeducatedusabouttheocean,andspecificallywithintheordinaryworldofaclownfish.Afactmanymayknowisthatclownfishspendthefirstpartoftheirlivesaslarvae(幼體),driftingwiththecurrentoftheoceanuntiltheybecomestrongenoughswimagainstit.Oncetheyarepowerfulandstrong,theyheadhomeinshelteredcoralreefs.Thereisonlyonedrawback-thefishphysicallyseethereef,buttheycanhearit.Theonlyproblemis,iftheyhearit,willtheyevermakeithome?Ouranthropogenicoceannoise,suchasships,shipandboatpropellers(螺旋槳),surfing,deepseamining,etc.causingdestructionofmarinelife.Accordingtosoundisthesensorysignalthattravelsthefarthestthroughtheocean.Anthropogenicnoisedrownsoutthenaturalsoundscapes,puttingmarinelifeunderimmensestress.thisstressthenaffectstheirgeneralhealth,disruptstheirreproductionand,inextremecases,causesdeath.Marinelifecanadaptnoisepollution,onlyiftheycanescapeit.Thisonlyrendersfurthercomplicationsofforcingspeciestoleavetheirtraditionalbreedingregionsortheirfamilies.whatifwetoldyouthereisalreadyasolution?Multiplesolutions,ideasanddesignsarecurrentlytheworksoralreadyexistreduceandreversethedamageofanthropogenicoceannoise.Asexplains,fromwind-poweredshipsnoise-reducingpropellers,floatingwindturbinesand“bubblecurtains”thatconstructionnoise,thesolutionsalreadyavailableandinsomecases,cost-effective.authorsofthepaperhopeitwillcatchtheattentionofpolicymakers,whohistoricallyspeaking,haveignoredthematterstillthisOfallthechallengesoceancreaturesarebattling,luckilysoundpollutionistheeasiestcompromise(妥協(xié)方案)humanscanmake.Oncethenoisehasdecreased,marinelifewillbeabletobettermanageeverythingelseitisupagainst.27.Whatdoweknowabout“SoundscapeoftheAnthropoceneOceans”?A.Itanalyseshowsoundtravelsintheocean.B.Itdiscussesdifferenttypesofoceanpollution.第4頁/共8頁C.Itexplorestheofnoisepollutiononsealife.D.Itstudieshowseaanimalscommunicatewitheach28.TheauthormentionsclownfishinParagraph2________.A.presenttheirlifecyclesB.showhowterribletheirlivingconditionsareC.introduceafamousanimationabouttheoceanworldD.stresstheimportanceofnaturalsoundscapestosealife29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“renders”probablymeaninParagraph3?A.Reduces.B.Causes.C.Solves.D.Prevents.30.Theauthorwritesthearticleto________.A.publicizetheknowledgeofsoundscapeB.regulateactivitiesonoceanC.emphasizetheimportanceofanimalprotectionD.drawattentiontoanthropogenicoceannoiseDTheissueofhowtofeedagrowingpopulationisacrucialissuethe21stTheissuehighontheagenda(當(dāng)務(wù)之急)attherecentUnitedNationsClimateChangeConferenceEgypt.AccordingtotheUN,by2050,wewillneedproduce60%morefoodtofeedaworldpopulationof9.3billion.CambridgeJudgeBusinessSchoolsupportsanumberofbusinesseswhichtopromotesustainableagriculturepractices.ofthemostimportantfieldsisprecision()agriculture,thescienceofimprovingcropyieldsandassistingmanagementdecisionsusingthelatestOutfieldisathighvaluefruitfarming.Farmersbuytheirowndrones(無人機(jī)),andthentheOutfieldsoftwarecreatesflightplansoverthefarmandprocessestheimagestakenbydrones.Bycountingthefruitonbranchesandmeasuringtrees,farmerscanwheretoapplyfertiliserwithgreaterprecision,reducingusageandimprovingsoilsoftwarecanalsorecommendwhereharvestingtoreducewasteandlabourcosts.Therisingcostoflabourgloballyhasbecomeahugeissuewithintheagriculturalforreasonsincludingtheshortageofbackpackers(someofwhombecomeseasonalworkers)inNewZealand,andtheriseofminimumpaySouthAfrica.Thedatagatheredbydronescanalsopredictyields.“Priming”thesupplychainensuresasmootherjourneyfromthefarmtofruitbowlinyourhome.Whenanappleispicked,isstoredarefrigeratedenvironmentforuptosixmonthsbeforebeingtransportedapackhousetobewashed,sorted,packaged,beforebeingmovedtoadeliverycentreandfinallyappearingonsupermarketshelves.Thechaindependsheavilyontransportation,butbypredictingyields,Outfieldaimstoreducewasteastraderscanpredictfruitlevelsandreducegreenhousegasescausedbyrefrigeratedstorage.Outfieldco-founderOilHilbournesaid,“Theagriculturalindustryneedsmoreinvestmentchange.Moremoneyfor5G,educationandinvestmentstart-ups.”31.WhatdoesOutfielddoforfarmers?A.Itthemfreeflights.B.Itoverseesfarmsforthem.第5頁/共8頁C.Itteachesthemabouthighvaluefruits.D.Itusesdrone-takenimagestoadvertisefarms.32.Whatlabourproblemscountriesfacing?A.PaySouthAfricaisveryB.SouthAfricaagreeminimumC.BackpackersinNewZealandfailtogetpaidD.NewZealanddrawingenoughseasonalworkers.33.Bygatheringdatabydrone,theOutfieldtriestoA.boosttheyieldoffruitB.makesurethefruitcankeepfreshC.ensurethefruitsaretransportedtimely34.Whichwouldbethebesttitlethepassage?A.ThefutureoffarmingD.providemoreconvenientservicestocustomersB.trendoffruitpickingC.promisingmarketofhighvaluefruitsD.Thepositiveoffarmingenvironment第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分,共10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng),并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Manypeopleenjoyspendingtheirvacationsswimming,lyingintheandstayingluxurioushotels.35TheyheadfortheoneofthenumerousUnitedStatesnationalparks,andtakeadvantageofthefreshairandmanyoutdooractivitiesthatnaturehasto“I’masuccessfullawyerfromSanFrancisco,”saysGavin“36IusuallygoNationalPark,whereIsleepatent,hike,andenjoythepeaceandquiet.”37Theygofishingacoldstream,hikingonawindingnaturetrail,orbikingalongscenicpaths.Atcertaintimesoftheguidednaturewalksandinterestinglecturesonavarietyoftopicsareparkguests.Campingoutdoeshaveitsdisadvantages,38Evenaftertheweatherclearsup,stilllotsofmudtodealwith.weathercanbequitecoldatnight,andtherearealwaysmanymosquitoes蚊子).Parkrangers(護(hù)林員)recommendthatvisitorswatchoutforsnakes,whosebitescanbepoisonous.Theystressthefactthatitisnecessarythatfoodbekeptpackedsothatunexpectedbeardoesn’tpayanunwelcomevisittosomesurprisedguests.39“Itmightbenicesitbyaswimmingpoolandsip(小口抿)adrink,”saysRodriguez,anature“butnatureisreallybeautiful,andI’vemetsuchinterestingpeoplehere.Nothingcomparestoavacationlikethis!”A.Ifitrains,thereisnotmuchdo.B.Campingisnotreallymycupoftea.C.ButeveryonceinawhileIlikegetbacktonature.D.SomeofthevisitorshavenoexperiencebeingtheE.natureloverscontinuetovisitnationalparksyearafterButtherecountlessotherswhopreferadifferentkindofG.tonationalparkshaveawidevarietyofactivitiestochoosefrom.第三部分:書面表達(dá)共兩節(jié),32分)第6頁/共8頁第一節(jié)(共6小題;每小題2分,共12分)根據(jù)中文句子的意思和給出的提示詞語,完成下列英文句子。將答案寫在答題卡指定區(qū)域內(nèi)。40.巨大的挑戰(zhàn)有時(shí)候會(huì)帶來偉大的解決方案。(challenge,leadto)41.如果真想拯救地球,就必須改變我們的生活方式。(savetheplanet,changeway)42.漢字仍然是中國文化的一個(gè)重要組成部分。(writingsystem,Chineseculture)43.因其珍貴的羊毛,antelope)正遭受非法獵殺。(huntvaluable)44.如果一個(gè)問題對某一個(gè)國家來說難度很大,國際社會(huì)有時(shí)可提供一個(gè)解決方案。(difficultforasinglenation,globalcommunity)45.現(xiàn)代中國人可以閱讀古代中國人撰寫的經(jīng)典作品。(modern/ancienttimes,classicworks)第二節(jié)(20分)假設(shè)你是李華,你的英國朋友Jim最近開始學(xué)習(xí)中文,感覺有些困難,所以給你寫信,希望你能給