大學(xué)英語2重修材料

Unit1

PartLCompletethesentenceswiththecorrectformofthephrasalverbsgivenbelow.

affirmagonyrubleanpacepeerinstitutionpoisonscratch

1.1forwardssothatIcouldgetaglimpseofwhatwaswritteninthebook.

2.Ourcollegehasthatitwillhelpstudentswithfinancialproblems.

3.Waitingfortheresultsoftheexamswasnotpleasant-itwasan.

4.1attheletterbutIcouldn'treadthenameatthebottom.

5.Inthenextroomawomanwasupanddowntheroom.

6.1couldhearthedogthedoor,tryingtogetout.

7.Theuniversityisonefthemostfamousinthecountry.

8.Thekingdiedafterhewas.

9.Shewokeupandhereyes,stillfeelingsleepy.

PartIIMatching

Directions:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattached

toit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifythe

paragraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmore

thanonce.

A）WhenSteveJobswasbornonFebuary24,1955,inSanFrancisco,California,his

unmarriedmotherdecidedtoputhimforadoption（收養(yǎng)）becauseshewantedagirl.

Sointhemiddleofthenight,hismothercalledalawyernamedPaulJobsandsaid,

“Wehaveanunexpectedbabyboy;doyouwanthim?”

B）Hismotherfeltverystronglythatheshouldbeadoptedbycollegegraduatesand

whenshefoundoutthatbothhisfutureparentshadnevergraduatedfromcolleges,

sherefusedtosigntheadoptionpapers.Sheonlyrelentedandagreedafewmonths

laterwhenhisfutureparentspromisedthattheywouldsendJobstocollege.

C）Jobswenttocollegebutdecidedtodropoutbecauseitwastooexpensive.Recalling

histimetherehesaid,“Ididn'thaveadormroom,soIsleptonthefloorinfi-iends,

rooms.Ireturnedcokebottlesforthe5centsdepositstobuyfoodwith,andIwould

walk7milesacrosstowneverySundaynighttogetonegoodmealaweekattheHare

KrishnaTemple."

D）At20,Jobsandafriend,SteveWozniak,startedacompanyinagarageonApril1,

1976.Laterthatyear,thetwodebuted（首次推出）theAppleI.Alocalstoreofferedto

buy50machines.Tofinancetheproduction,theduo（這對創(chuàng)業(yè)者）hadtoselltheir

mostexpensivepossessions.JobssolehisVolkswagenVanwhileWozniaksoldhis

Hewlett-Packardscientificcalculator.Jobsnamedtheircompany——Applein

memoryofahappysummerhehadspentasanorchard（果園）workerinOregon.By

1982,however,hiscompanysalesdroppedinthefaceofcompetitionfromIBM's

newPC.JobsandWozniakunveiledtheirnewcreation,Lisa,butonlytobeanother

expensivefailure.Notwantingtodwellonthesesuccessivefailures,theyworkedon

anewmachinecalledtheMacintosh.Jobswasreportedtobeincontroloftheproject,

ruthlesslypushingitscomputerengineersandflyingapirateflagabovethebuilding

wheretheteamworked.By1986theMac,whichJobspromisedtobe"insanely

great”,wasahugesuccess.After10years,startingfrom2kidsworkinginagarage,

Applecomputerhadgrowninto2billiondollarcompanywithover4000employees.

At30Jobs,however,wasfiredfromthecompanyheco-fbundedwithSteveWozniak.

HeleftthecompanyafterlosingabitterbattleovercontrolwithApple'sCEOJohn

Sculley(whomJobshadrecruited(招聘)fromPepsiCola).

E)Apparentlybothhavedifferentviewsofhowthecompanyshouldbehandledand

SculleyhadtoldsecurityanalystsinameetingthatJobswouldhavenoroleinthe

operationsofthecompany“noworinthefuture".WhenJobsheardofthemessagehe

said,"You'veprobablyhadsomebodypunchyouinthestomachanditknocksthe

windoutofyouandyoucannotbreathe.Theharderyoutrytobreathe,themoreyou

cannotbreathe.Andyouknowthattheonlythingyoucandoisjustrelaxsoyoucan

startbreathingagain."Jobssoldover20millionofhisApplestock,spentdays

bicyclingalongthebeach,feelingsadandlost,touredParis,andjourneyedontoItaly.

RecallingthispubliclyheartbreakingepisodeJobssaid,"Ididn'tseeitthen,butit

turnedoutthatgettingfiredfromApplewasthebestthingthatcouldhaveever

happenedtome.Theheavinessofbeingsuccessfulwasreplacedbythelightnessof

beingabeginneragain,lesssureabouteverything.Itfreedmetoenteroneofthe

mostcreativeperiodofmyDuringthenextfiveyearshestartedtwocompanies

-NeXTStepandPixar.NeXTStepwhichproducesNeXT,9,995cube-shaped

workstationwhichaimedtocreateaworkstationforresearchandhigher,didn'tdoas

wellasJobshaddreamedfor.ItdidpoorlyandJobspulledtheplugin1993.Pixar,

however,wasasuccessstory.Thecompanystartedthefirstcomputer-animatedfilm,

TheToyStory.WhenPixar'sstockwentpublic,Jobsbecameaninstantbillionaire.

F)Meanwhile,hisoldcompany,Applewasunderimmensepressurefromrival

Microsoftandsufferedheavylossesin1996.InDecember1996Jobsconvinced

AppletobuyNeXTandmakeitssoftwarethefoundationofthenextgenerationMac

OS.ThetechnologyhedevelopedatNeXTbecamethekeyofApple'scomeback.

InitiallyappointedasApple'sadviser,SteveJobswasnamedApple'sinterim(過渡

期)CEOin1997.In2004hewasdiagnosedw油cancer.Jobswastoldthatthe

cancerwasincurableandhewouldonlyliveforanotherthreetosixmonths.Later,a

biopsyshowedthatheactuallyhadaveryrareformofcancerthatiscurablewith

surgery.Hehadthesurgeryandsurvives.Underhisleadership,Applereturnedto

profitabilityandintroducedinnovationssuchastheiPod.

G)SteveJobs'advice:sometimeslifehitsyouintheheadwithabrick.Don'tlosefaith.

I'mconvincedthattheonlythingthatkeptmegoingwasthatIlovedwhatIdid.

You'vegottofindyourinterest.Andthatisastrueforyourworkasitisforyour

lovers.Yourworkisgoingtofillalargepartofyourlife,andtheonlywaytobetruly

satisfiedistodowhatyoubelieveisgreatwork.Andtheonlywaytodogreatworkis

tolovewhatyoudo.Ifyouhaven'tfoundityet,keeplooking,"Don'tsettle.Aswith

allmattersoftheheart,you'Hknowwhenyoufindit.And,likeanygreatrelationship,

itjustgetsbetterandbetterastheyearsrollon.Sokeeplookinguntilyoufindit.

Don'tsettle.Yourtimeislimited,sodon'twasteitlivingsomeoneelse'slife.Don't

letthenoiseofother'sopinionsdrownoutyourowninnervoice.Andmostimportant,

havethecouragetofollowyourheartandintuition.Theysomehowalreadyknow

whatyoutrulywanttobecome.Everythingelseissecondary.

1.Becauseofthelackofmoney,Jobsdidn'tfinishhiscollegestudy.

2.Apersonwhoisenthusiasticabouthisworkiseasiertoachievegreatsuccess.

3.OncePaulJobspromisedtosendJobstocollege,Job'srealmothersignedthe

adoptionpapers.

4.Jobswasagreatleaderaswellasinnovator.

5.GettingfiredfromAppleplayedaveryimportantroleinJob'sfuture

development.

6.SteveJobswasabandonedbyhisrealmotherjustbecausehe'snotagirl.

7.Applesufferedsomefinancialdiificultiesatthebeginning,butlaterthingsgot

muchbetter.

8.Jobsachievedgreateconomicreturnsfromthepopularityofthefirst

computer-animatedfilm-TheToyStory.

9.ItwasJobswhosavedAppleinthefiercebusinesscompetition.

10.JobswassqueezedoutofApplebyapersonrecruitedbyhim.

PartIIIReadingComprehension

Directions:Therearetwopassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedby5

questions.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedAfB,C,andD.Youshould

decideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwitha

singlelinethroughthecenter.

Passage1

QuestionsXto5arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Somedayastrangerwillreadyouremailwithoutyourpermissionorscanthe

Websiteyou'vevisited,orperhapssomeonewillcasuallyglancethroughyourcreditcard

purchasesorcellphonebillstofindoutyourshoppingpreferencesorcallinghabits.In

fact,it'slikelythatsomeofthesethingshavealreadyhappenedtoyou.Whowouldwatch

youwithoutyourpermission?Itmightbeaspouse,agirlfriend,amarketingcompany,a

boss,acoporacriminal.Whoeveritis,theywillseeyouinawayyouneverintendedto

beseen-the21stcenturyreplacementofbeingcaughtnaked.

Psychologiststellusboundariesarehealthy,thatit'simportanttorevealyourselfto

friends,familyandloversinstages,atappropriatetimes.Butfewboundariesremain.The

digitalbreadcrumbs（碎屑）youleaveeverywheremakeiteasyforstrangersto

reconstructwhoyouare,whereyouareandwhatyoulike.Insomecases,asimple

Googlesearchcanrevealwhatyouthink.Likeitornot,increasinglyweliveinaworld

whereyousimplycannotkeepasecret.

Thekeyquestionis:Doesthatmatter?

FormanyAmericans,theanswerapparentlyis"no”.

WhenopinionpollsaskAmericansaboutprivacy,mostsaytheyareconcernedabout

losingit.Asurveyfoundastrongbadfeelingaboutprivacy,with60percentof

respondentssayingtheyfeeltheirprivacyis"slippingaway,andthatbothersme".

Butpeoplesayonethinganddoanother.OnlyatinypartofAmericanschangeany

behaviorsinanefforttopreservetheirprivacy.Fewpeopleturndownadiscountat

tollbooths(收費(fèi)站)toavoidusingtheEZPasssystemthatcantrackautomobile

movements.Andfewturndownsupermarketloyaltycards.Privacyeconomist

AlessandroAcquistihasrunaseriesofteststhatrevealpeoplewillgiveawaypersonal

informationlikeSocialSecuritynumbersjusttogettheirhandsonapitiful50centoff

coupon(優(yōu)惠券).

Butprivacydoesmatter-atleastsometimes.Itslikehealth:Whenyouhaveit,you

don'tnoticeit.Onlywhenit'sgonedoyouwishyou'ddonemoretoprotectit.

1.Whatdoestheauthormeanbysaying"the21stcenturyreplacementofbeingcaught

naked'!?

A)People'spersonalinformationiseasilyaccessedwithouttheirknowledge.

B)Inthe21stcenturypeopletryeverymeanstolookintoothers1secrets.

C)Peopletendtobemorefrankwitheachotherintheinformationage.

D)Criminalsareeasilycaughtonthespotwithadvancedtechnology.

2.Whatwouldpsychologistsadviseontherelationshipsbetweenfriends?

A)Friendsshouldopentheirheartstoeachother.

B)Friendsshouldalwaysbefaithfultoeachother.

C)Thereshouldbeadistanceevenbetweenfriends.

D)Thereshouldbefewerargumentsbetweenfriends.

3.Whydoestheauthorsaynweliveinaworldwhereyousimplycannotkeepasecret11?

A)Modernsocietyhasfinallydevelopedintoanopensociety.

B)Peopleleavetracesaroundwhenusingmoderntechnology.

C)Therearealwayspeoplewhoarecuriousaboutothers*affairs.

D)Manysearchenginesbenefitfromgivingawaypeople'sidentities.

4.WhatdomostAmericansdoasforprivacyprotection?

A)Theychangebehaviorsthatmightdisclosetheiridentity.

B)Theyusevariousloyaltycardsforbusinesstransactions(交易).

C)Theyrelymoreandmoreonelectronicdevices.

D)Theytalkalotbuthardlydoanythingaboutit.

5.Accordingtothepassage,privacyislikehealthbecause.

A)peoplewillmakeeveryefforttokeepit

B)itsimportanceisrarelyunderstood

C)itissomethingthatcaneasilybelost

D)peopledon*ttreasureituntiltheyloseit

Passage2

Questions6to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Whendidyouseeapolarbear?Onatriptoazoo,perhaps?Ifyouhadattendeda

winteractivityinNewYorkafewyearsago,youwouldhaveseenawholepolarbear

club.These“PolarBears“arepeoplewhomeetfrequentlyinthewintertoswimin

freezingcoldwater.Thatday,theairtemperaturewas3degrees.Andthewater

temperaturewasalittlehigher.ThemembersofthePolarBearClubatConeyIsland,

NewYorkareusuallyabouttheageof60.Membersmustsatisfytworequirements.First,

theymustgetalongwellwithothersinthegroup;thisisveryimportantbecausethereare

somanydifferentkindsofpeopleintheclub.PolarBearsmustalsoagreetoswim

outdoorsatleasttwiceamonthfromNovemberthroughFebruary.

Doctorsdon'tagreeaboutthemedicaleffectsofcold-waterswimming.Someare

worriedaboutthedangersofaconditioninwhichthebody'stemperaturedropssoslow

thatfinallytheheartstops.Otherdoctors,however,pointoutthatthereismoredangerof

aheartattackduringsummerswimmingbecausethedifferencebetweentheair

temperatureandthewatertemperatureismuchgreaterinsummerthaninwinter.

ThePolarBearsthemselvesaresatisfiedwiththebenefitsofcold-waterswimming.They

saythattheirfavoriteformofexerciseisverygoodforthecirculatorysystem(循環(huán)系統(tǒng))

becauseitforcesthebloodtomovefasttokeepthebodywarm.Cold-waterswimmers

usuallyturnbrightredafterafewminutesinthewater.Apersonwhoturnsblueprobably

hasaverypoorcirculatorysystemandcouldnottrycold-waterswimming.

Themainbenefitsofcold-waterswimmingareprobablymental.ThePolarBears

lovetoswimalltheyearround;theyfinditfunandrelaxing.Asone70-year-oldwoman

says,“WhenIgointothewater,Ipourmytroublesintotheoceanandletthemfloat

away.”

6.Doctors.

A)havedifferentideasaboutthemedicaleffectsofcold-waterswimming

B)believeswimmingishelpfulbothinsummerandinwinter

C)encouragepeopletotakepartincold-waterswimming

D)pointoutthepossibledangerofbloodillnessduringcold-waterswimming

7.Accordingtothepassage,somedoctorsbelieveitistruethat.

A)Polarbearsarebearsswimminginfreezingwater

B)cold-waterswimmingcanmakethebodytemperaturedangerouslyhigh

C)youarehealthyifcold-waterswimmingturnsyourskincolorblue

D)cold-waterswimmingcausesmoreheartattackinsummerthaninwinter

8.ThePolarBearsliketoswimyear-round,for.

A)itisaneasywaytokeepthebodywarminwinter

B)theycanstayyoung

C)theyfinditenjoyableandinteresting

D)theymightmeetfewertroublesinlife

9.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothetext?

A)ThePolarBearisaclubinwhichpeopleswimtoprotectpolarbears.

B)Theclubmembersareallover60yearsold.

C)Thereisnowomanintheclub.

D)Noneoftheabove.

10.Thispassageismainlyabout.

A)therequirementsofthePolarBearClub

B)agroupofcold-water-swimminglovers

C)thePolarBears9lifeinNewYork

D)doctors5ideasaboutcold-waterswimming

PartIVReadinginDepth

Directions:Inthesection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredto

selectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowing

thepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Each

choiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthe

bankmorethanonce.

Childrendonotthinkthewayadultsdo.Formostofthefirstyearoflife,if

somethingisoutofsight,it'soutofmind.Ifyoucoverababy's_1—toywithapiece

ofcloth,thebabythinksthetoyhasdisappearedandstopslookingforit.A4-year-old

may—2—thatasisterhasmorefruitjuicewhenitisonlytheshapesoftheglassesthat

differ,notthe_3_ofjuice.

Yetchildrenaresmartintheirownway.Likegoodlittlescientists,childrenare

alwaystestingtheirchild-sized_4—abouthowthingswork.Whenyourchildthrows

herspoononthefloorforthesixthtimeasyoutrytofeedher,andyousay,"That's

enough!Iwillnotpickupyourspoonagain!"thechildwill_5—testyourclaim.Are

youserious?Areyouangry?Whatwillhappenifshethrowsthespoonagain?Sheisnot

doingthistodriveyou_6—;rather,sheislearningthatherdesiresandyourscan

differ,andthatsometimesthose_7_areimportantandsometimestheyarenot.

Howandwhydoeschildren'sthinkingchange?Inthe1920s,Swisspsychologist

JeanPiagetproposedthatchildren'scognitive(認(rèn)知的)abilitiesunfold_8—,likethe

bloomingofaflower,almostindependentofwhatelseis_9_intheirlives.Although

manyofhisspecificconclusionshavebeen_10—ormodifiedovertheyears,hisideas

inspiredthousandsofstudiesbyinvestigatorsallovertheworld.

A)advocateB)amountC)confirmedD)crazyE)definite

F)differencesG)favoriteH)happeningI)immediatelyJ)naturally

K)obtainingL)primarilyM)protestN)rejectedO)theories

PartV.Translation

Direction:TranslateSentences1-3intoEnglishandSentences4-5intoChineseand

writedownyouranswersonyourAnswerSheet.

1.有陌生人或外國人在場時，她總是不愿意說話。(inthepresenceofsb.;reluctant)

2.獨(dú)立思考能力是大學(xué)生必備的素質(zhì)之一。(thinkforyourself;quality)

3.會上，大家對如何提高學(xué)生的閱讀技能進(jìn)行了更加詳細(xì)的探討。(atlength)

4.Iwastooscaredaroundthatteacherfortherestofmyyounglifetothinkverywellin

herpresence.

5.Inmostcircles,particularlyinplacesthatshapeourlives—families,schoolsandmost

workplaces-thinkingfbryourselfisoftenregardedwithsuspicion.

Unit2

PartI.Completethesentenceswiththecorrectformofthephrasalverbsgivenbelow.

awardefficiencyfeaturefundamentalmilitary

historicalintellectualritualsubstitutemoral

1.Thereisnofbrsport;itisoneofthemostneedsofahuman

being.

2.Successasahunterdependedontwothings:physicalfitnessandthe

tool's.

3.Butingames,theprizeswereallgivenonthelastday.

4.TheCommitteetheliteratureprizetoher.

5.Thechildrenperformedthebedtimeofwashingandbrushingtheirteeth.

6.Thelatestmodelhasalotofnewsafety

7.actionmaybecomenecessary.

8.Highlevelsofleadcoulddamagethedevelopmentofchildren.

9.Youdon*tknowthecircumstancesofthedivorce,sodon'tmakejudgments

aboutit.

PartIIMatching

Directions:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattached

toit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifythe

paragraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmore

thanonce.

IsEducationtheKeytoSuccess?

A)RichardBransonisthefounderoftheVirginGroupandcompaniessuchasVirgin

Atlantic,VirginAmerica,VirginMobileandVirginActive.

B)QuestionsfromaboyinBrazil:

Iunderstandthatyouchosenottocontinueschoolafterage16,butcreatedyourown

pathtosuccess.Doyouthinkgettingauniversitydiplomaisnecessarytobecomea

successfulperson?IamauniversitystudentandsometimesIwonderwhetherIwould

dobetterwithoutit.Whatareyourthoughts?IbelieveIhavesomegreatandeven

innovativeideasfbrnewbusinesses,butfacethedifficultyofturninganideainto

somethingreal.Whatadvicewouldyougivemetoovercomethisstep?

FelipeHerriges,Brazil

C)ReplyfromRichardBranson:

Educationisawonderfulthing.Iamfortunatethatatthisstageofmycareer,Ihave

theopportunitytolearnaboutmanynewsubjects,rangingfromtheimpactofclimate

changetothepossibilityofcolonizingMars.IamalsoluckyinthatImeetsomany

interestingpeopleandhavetheopportunitytoexchangeideaswiththem-everyone

fromformerleaderssuchasKofiAnnan,NelsonMandelaandMaryRobinsonto

scientistandenvironmentalistJamesLovelocktoBurtRutan,theengineerleading

ourVirginGalacticproject.Indeed,sinceVirgin'sprojectsandindustriesareso

variedandourfoundationVirginUnitechallengesustotrytosolvesomeofour

generation'sbiggestproblems,myjobprovidesmewithanexperienceIoften

comparetoanextendeduniversitycourse.Tmenjoyingeveryminuteofthejourney.

D)ButwhenIwasyoung,schoolwasn'teasy.Iwasnotagreatstudent,partlybecause

ofmydyslexia(whichwasnotdiagnoseduntillater)andpartlybecauseofmy

restlessnature.Ifoundithardtoconcentrateinclassandspentmuchofmytimein

schooldreamingupandsettingupnewbusinesses.ThefirstfewbusinessesI

created—includingonefocusedongrowingChristmastrees一didnotsucceed,but

thoseexperiencesdidgivemeatastefbrbusinessandaknowledgeofthe

all-importantartofdelegation.BythetimeIwas16,1wasreadytoleaveschool,but

myfather,EdwardBranson,wasreluctanttoapprovemydecision.Oneweekendhe

cametovisitmyboardingschoolandtriedtopersuademetocontinuemystudies.He

hopedEdbecomealawyerlikehim.Ireluctantlyagreed;hedrovehometoexplain

“our"decisiontomymother,Eve.Shewasnothappy!Shetoldhimtomakethelong

drivebackimmediately,toreassuremethatitwasOKtoleave.Hedid,andIleft

schoolthatsummer.Ineveroncelookedback,firstsettingupStudentmagazineand,

afewyearslater,theVirginrecordstores.Myfathersometimesjokesthatthesecond

returntripwasthe"bestdriveofhislife99.

E)However,mystoryisaverypersonalone;mystrategywillnotworkforeveryone.A

diplomacanbeveryuseful,sinceitshowsthatyouhavegainedtheskillsandother

buildingblocksrequiredtostartyourcareer.Butobtainingadiplomaisonlyafirst

step,andinnowayguaranteessuccess.You'llneedagreatworkethicand

determinationtomakeit-bothinbusinessandlife.Youalsoneedyourfairshareof

goodluck.Iwouldadvisetacklingyourstudieswithapositiveattitude——trytoenjoy

yourtimeatuniversity.Tryafewnewthingswhileyouarethere,andmaybeeven

startabusiness,ifthisiswhereyourinterestslie.

F)InJohannesburg,wehavesetuptheBransonSchoolofEntrepreneurshiptohelp

fosterbuddingentrepreneursandtheirfledglingcompanies.Mostofourstudentsare

youngmenandwomen,determinedtostudyhardandbuildtheirbusinesses.Oneof

themostimportantthingsweimparttothemistheimportanceofenjoyingyourwork.

Thisisoneoftheenduringlessonsofmycareer.Ihavealwaystriedtohavefuninall

venturesandadventures,asIfeelthisisthebestwaytogothroughlife.Sowhen

you'resettingupyourfirstbusiness,makesureboththebusinessand

entrepreneurshipitselfarethingsthatyouenjoy.

G)Whenyoureachthelaunchstage,don'tbeafraidtomakethatfirstleap.Most

entrepreneurs9firstventuresfail一Iknow,becauseminedid一butthelessonsyou

learnfromfailureareinvaluableandwillhelpyouwithyournextattempts.Youhave

tobeverydeterminedandacceptthattheearlystagesoflaunchinganybusinessare

mostlyaboutjustsurviving.

H)Turninganideaintorealityisakeystepthatallentrepreneurshavetomaster.Tryto

seeyourideasthroughyourcustomers5eyes一ifllhelpyoudeterminewhichideas

haveachanceofsucceeding.Thehigh-speedserviceofferedbyVirginTrains9West

CoastlineintheUKisaclassicexample.Whenwewerebiddingforourfranchisein

1996,wesawthatrailpassengerswerefedupwithourfuturecompetitors,sincetheir

trainswereslow,crowdedanduncomfortable.Theywantedfastertrains,airline-style

seats,entertainmentservicesandgoodfood.Wedesignedourtrainservicetofitthis

billandintroducedmoderntrains——recentlywithwirelessInternetaccess.Therewere

somedelays,mostlycausedbyaneedtoupgradethetracksforourtiltingtrains,but

I'mproudtosaythatourrecordhasgreatlyimprovedandourpassengernumbersare

growingquickly.

I)Goodluck,Felipe!Ifyoucompleteyoureducation,throweverythingintoyour

studiesandremember,whetheryou'reworkingforacompanyorsettingupyourown

business,toworkhard,persevereandsmile,youwillbeontheroadtosuccess.

1.ABrazilboyaskedRichardBransonaboutwhat'stherelationshipbetween

successandauniversitydiploma.

2.RichardBranson\wayofsuccesscannotbecopiedbyeveryone.

3.RichardBransondidn'tstudywellinschoolforhisdyslexiaaswellasrestless

personality.

4.RichardBranson'sjobgavehimalotchancetolearnaboutsomethingnewwhich

couldn'tbeofferedinuniversity.

5.Adiplomaisofgreatimportanceforsuccess,butprovidesnoguaranteeofit.

6.ItseemedthatRichardBranson'smotherunderstoodhimmorethanhisfather

did.

7.Mostentrepreneurslearnalotfromtheirfailureinthefirstventure.

8.Diligence,perseveranceandoptimismarethekeytosuccess.

9.Asuccessfulentrepreneurmustenjoyhiswork.

10.Theoperatingprincipleof"customersfirst”willhelpyouachievesuccessin

business.

PartIIIReadingComprehension

Directions:Therearetwopassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedby5

questions.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,C,andD.Youshould

decideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwitha

singlelinethroughthecenter.

Passage1

QuestionsXto5arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Asapersonwhowritesaboutfoodanddrinkforaliving.Icouldn'ttellyouthefirst

thingaboutBillPerryorwhetherthebeershesellsarethatgreat.ButIcantellyouthatI

likethisguy.That'sbecauseheplanstobantippinginfavorofpayinghisserversan

actuallivingwage.

Ihatetipping.Ihateitbecauseit'sanobligationdisguisedasanoption.Ihateitfor

thepost-dinnermathitrequiresofme.Butmostly,IhatetippingbecauseIbelieveI

wouldbeinabetterplaceifpaydecisionsregardingemployeesweresimplyleftupto

theiremployers,asisthecustominvirtuallyeveryotherindustry.

Mostofyouprobablythinkthatyouhatetipping,too.Researchsuggestsotherwise.

Youactuallylovetipping!Youliketofeelthatyouhaveavoiceinhowmuchmoney

yourservermakes.Nomatterhowthemathworksout,youpersistentlyviewrestaurants

withvoluntarytippingsystemsasbeingabettervalue,whichmakesitextremelydifficult

forrestaurantsandbarstodoawaywiththetippingsystem.

Oneargumentthatyoute