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2024年高考真題PAGEPAGE12024年3月天津高考英語第一次高考真題單項(xiàng)填空缺少2024年第一次1、2、4、5、7、8、12題;2024年第二次1、2、7題1.TheSmiths_________theonlineshoppingexperienceinChinasincetheymovedbacktoNewZealandtwoyearsago.A.hadbeenmissing B.weremissingC.havebeenmissing D.willbemissing〖答案〗C〖解析〗【詳析】考查動詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意:自從兩年前搬回新西蘭以來,史密斯一家一直很懷念在中國的網(wǎng)購體驗(yàn)。由since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句可知,主句應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)或現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知,A選項(xiàng)為過去完成進(jìn)行時(shí);B選項(xiàng)為過去進(jìn)行時(shí);C選項(xiàng)為現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí);D選項(xiàng)為將來進(jìn)行時(shí)。故選C。2.Someoneisplanningtomoveoutofourbuilding,andtheirapartmentwillbe_________forrentatthebeginningofMarch.A.available B.normal C.competitive D.expensive〖答案〗A〖解析〗【詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:有人打算搬出我們的大樓,他們的公寓將在三月初出租。A.available可獲得的,可租用的;B.normal正常的;C.competitive有競爭力的;D.expensive昂貴的。根據(jù)“Someoneisplanningtomoveoutofourbuilding”可推知,有人要搬出去了,所以公寓將在三月初可以出租,應(yīng)用available,表示“可獲得的,可租用的”。故選A項(xiàng)。3.AsasymboloftheglorioushistoryofChinesecivilization,theForbiddenCity_________theculturalmemoryofthecountry.A.invents B.preserves C.acquires D.declares〖答案〗B〖解析〗【詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:作為中華文明輝煌歷史的象征,紫禁城保存著國家的文化記憶。A.invents發(fā)明;B.preserves保存;C.acquires獲得;D.declares宣布。根據(jù)“theculturalmemoryofthecountry”可知,紫禁城作為歷史的象征,應(yīng)該是保存文化記憶。故選B。4.Thefencebetweenthetwotenniscourts_________.Soonchildrenwillhaveenoughspaceforfootballgames.A.areremoved B.istoberemovedC.weretoberemoved D.wasbeingremoved〖答案〗B〖解析〗【詳析】考查動詞不定式的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)。句意:兩個(gè)網(wǎng)球場之間的柵欄將被拆除。很快孩子們就有足夠的空間踢足球了。此處為謂語動詞的填入,由第二句中的“will”可知,該句應(yīng)該用將來時(shí),所以選項(xiàng)中動詞不定式可以表示將來,主語Thefence和動詞remove為被動關(guān)系,所以為動詞不定式的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu),結(jié)合主語Thefence為單數(shù)名詞,所以為動詞三單形式。故選B項(xiàng)。5.Wewereworriedthattherewouldbealotofdisagreementatthemeeting,buteverythingwentquite_________.A.repeatedly B.endlessly C.smoothly D.urgently〖答案〗C〖解析〗【詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意:我們本來擔(dān)心開會時(shí)會有很多分歧,但是一切進(jìn)展順利。A.repeatedly重復(fù)地;B.endlessly不斷地;C.smoothly順利地;D.urgently緊急地。根據(jù)上文“Wewereworriedthattherewouldbealotofdisagreementatthemeeting,buteverythingwentquite”可知,指本來擔(dān)心開會時(shí)會有很多分歧,但是一切進(jìn)展順利。故選C。6.Carolinedoesn'thaveanaturaltalentformusicbutshe_________itwithhardwork.A.livesupto B.makesupfor C.reachesoutto D.looksoutfor〖答案〗B〖解析〗【詳析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意:卡洛琳沒有音樂天賦,但她通過努力學(xué)習(xí)彌補(bǔ)了這一缺陷。A.lives
up
to不辜負(fù);B.makes
up
for彌補(bǔ);C.reaches
out
to聯(lián)系;D.looks
out
for留意。根據(jù)“Carolinedoesn'thaveanaturaltalentformusic”及“hardwork”可知,她通過努力學(xué)習(xí)彌補(bǔ)了這一缺陷。故選B。7.Theorganizershadtocanceltheoutdoorconcertduetothesuddenthunderstorm,_________manyeagerfanswhohadbeenwaitingforhours.A.disappointing B.todisappointC.havingdisappointed D.disappointed〖答案〗A〖解析〗【詳析】考查非謂語動詞。句意:由于突然的雷暴天氣,組織者不得不取消了戶外音樂會,使得等待了幾個(gè)小時(shí)的粉絲們非常失望。此處作狀語,表示“自然而然的結(jié)果”,戶外音樂會的取消讓粉絲們失望,故應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語,故選A。8.Whenhewentoutofhiswaytohelpme,Itoldhimhow_________Iwasforhisassistance.A.sensitive B.annoyed C.reliable D.grateful〖答案〗D〖解析〗【詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:他盡心盡力地幫助我,我因此向他表達(dá)誠摯的感謝。A.sensitive敏感的;B.annoyed生氣的;C.reliable可靠的;D.grateful感激的。根據(jù)前文“hewentoutofhiswaytohelpme”可知,他盡心盡力地幫助我,因此我很感激他,故應(yīng)用形容詞grateful作表語,故選D。9.Fromthefirstexplorerstotoday'stravelers,humanshavealwayshadadesire_________newplaces.A.todiscover B.tobediscoveringCtobediscovered D.tohavediscovered〖答案〗A〖解析〗【詳析】考查非謂語動詞。句意:從第一批探險(xiǎn)者到今天的旅行者,人類一直抱有發(fā)現(xiàn)新領(lǐng)域的渴望。discover意為“發(fā)現(xiàn)”,與句子主語humans構(gòu)成邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系,應(yīng)用todiscover作desire的后置定語。故選A。10.SpringFestivalisatimeofgoodcheerinthe_________offamilyandfriends.A.company B.absence C.shape D.attempt〖答案〗A〖解析〗【詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:春節(jié)是親朋好友團(tuán)聚相伴的歡樂時(shí)光。A.company陪伴;B.absence缺席;C.shape形狀;D.attempt嘗試。根據(jù)后文“offamilyandfriends”可知,此處指親朋好友團(tuán)聚相伴。故選A。11.Thisonlinecourse_________,butyoucanstillaccessandusetheoriginalversion.A.hasupdated B.hadupdatedC.hasbeenupdated D.hadbeenupdated〖答案〗C〖解析〗【詳析】考查時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)。句意:這個(gè)在線課程已經(jīng)更新,但你仍然可以訪問和使用原始版本。根據(jù)“youcanstillaccessandusetheoriginalversion”可知,此處暗示課程已經(jīng)更新,但仍可使用原版本。主語Thisonlinecourse與謂語update為被動關(guān)系,應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動語態(tài)。故選C項(xiàng)。12.Exerciseisnotonlygoodforourbodies,butitcanalso_________ourmoodandhelpusdealwithanxiety.A.boost B.match C.ruin D.reflect〖答案〗A〖解析〗【詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:運(yùn)動不僅對我們的身體有好處,而且還可以改善我們的情緒,幫助我們應(yīng)對焦慮。A.boost促進(jìn),提高;B.match匹配;C.ruin毀滅;D.reflect反思。由句意和helpusdealwithanxiety可知,這里指運(yùn)動可以“促進(jìn)(改善)”我們的情緒。故選A項(xiàng)。13._________focusingonwinningtheapprovalofothers,trytounderstandandacceptyourself.A.Becauseof B.Insteadof C.Forfearof D.Intermsof〖答案〗B〖解析〗【詳析】考查介詞短語詞義辨析。句意:不要執(zhí)著于贏得他人的認(rèn)可,而是要努力理解和接受自己。A.Becauseof由于;B.Insteadof代替、而不是;C.Forfearof擔(dān)心;D.Intermsof就……而言。根據(jù)“trytounderstandandacceptyourself.”可知,不要執(zhí)著于贏得他人的認(rèn)可,而是努力理解和接受自己。故選B項(xiàng)。14.—DoyourememberlittleJulienfromGradeTwo?—Well,_________,butIcan’tquitethinkwhoheis.A.it’suptoyou B.that’sagoodpointC.Ireallyenvyyou D.thatnameringsabell〖答案〗D〖解析〗【詳析】考查情景交際。句意:——你記得二年級的小朱力安嗎?——呃,這個(gè)名字有點(diǎn)耳熟,但是我記不起他是誰了。A.it’suptoyou你來決定;B.that’sagoodpoint說得對;C.Ireallyenvyyou我好羨慕你;D.thatnameringsabell這個(gè)名字有點(diǎn)耳熟。根據(jù)后文“butIcan’tquitethinkwhoheis”可知,這個(gè)名字有點(diǎn)耳熟,但是我記不起他是誰了。故選D。15.Coffeemaycausesleepdisturbance,especiallywhen_________inlargeamountsorafter2pm.A.consumed B.beingconsumed C.consuming D.havingconsumed〖答案〗A〖解析〗【詳析】考查非謂語動詞。句意:咖啡可能會引起睡眠障礙,尤其是大量飲用后或在下午兩點(diǎn)以后飲用。此處為狀語從句的省略,且consume意為“吃;喝;飲用”,與句子主語coffee構(gòu)成邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系,省略be動詞,故用過去分詞形式。故選A。16.Thenewmodelelectriccarshould_________manysafetytestsbeforeitisreleasedtothepublic.A.turnout B.bringabout C.gothrough D.setup〖答案〗C〖解析〗【詳析】考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意:新款電動汽車在向公眾發(fā)布之前應(yīng)該經(jīng)過許多安全測試。A.turnout結(jié)果是;B.bringabout引起;C.gothrough通過;D.setup建立。新型電動汽車在正式上市之前應(yīng)該通過多次安全測試。故選C項(xiàng)。完形填空Passage1At23,Iappliedformyfirstjobanditwasnotsuccessful.WhenIreceivedthe___17___email,Ifeltdisappointedandangry.Ihadspentdays___18___theinterviewandintheend,Ididn’tevenknowwhatwentwrong.Monthslater,afterajobinterviewatanothercompany,IgotacallFromthemanager.“___19___,wedecidedtoofferthejobtosomeoneelse,”hesaid.“Wouldyouliketohearthefeedback(反饋)?”ThemanagerwentontotellmeIhadn’texpressedmy___20___forapplyingfortheposition.Thefeedbackwas___21___tohear,buthewasright.AsIjustwantedajobinmyhomecity,Ididn’t___22___muchwhetheritfitmyinterests.ThejobatthecompanywassomethingIwascapableofdoing,butIdidn’tfeel___23___aboutit—andthatshowedintheinterview.Fromthenon,Idecidedtocarefullyevaluateeachjobopeningandonly___24___atIwasinterestedin.Inmyapplications,Ialsobegan___25___clearlywhyIwantedthatparticularjob.Soonmyeffort____26____,asIgotanofferIwastrulyexcitedabout.Yearslater,Ifoundmyselfontheothersideofthetable,interviewing____27____forapositioninmylab.Oneofthemgotmyattention.Onpaper,hisapplicationlooked____28____,buttheinterviewwentbadly.Hedidn’tseemtohavedoneanyreading____29____aboutmyresearch,whichmademewonder____30____hewastrulyinterestedinworkingwithme.WhenIcalledtotellhim,Icouldn’tofferhimthe____31____,hewasdisappointed.Ithentoldhimwherehecould____32____infutureinterviews.Asthe____33____wenton,IgotthesensethathewasgratefulforwhatIsaid.Nowadays,whenmyowntraineesapplyforpositionselsewhere,Iencouragethemto____34____feedback.It’sneverpleasantto____35____constructivecriticism,butifwearetoldwherewearelagging(落后),wearemorelikelytoavoidmakingthesame____36____inthefuture.17.A.congratulation B.invitation C.rejection D.complaint18.A.takingup B.preparingfor C.callingoff D.passingdown19.A.Consequently B.Hopefully C.Surprisingly D.Unfortunately20.A.requirement B.motivation C.imagination D.suggestion21.A.tough B.pleasant C.frightening D.reasonable22.A.care B.regret C.doubt D.know23.A.nervous B.enthusiastic C.relaxed D.embarrassed24.A.introduce B.abandon C.pursue D.display25A.examining B.stating C.judging D.instructing26.A.cameabout B.fadedaway C.settleddown D.paidoff27.A.officials B.candidates C.visitors D.employers28.A.great B.easy C.confusing D.complicated29.A.inadvance B.onaverage C.bycontrast D.forfree30.A.that B.when C.where D.whether31.A.salary B.degree C.award D.position32.A.continue B.serve C.improve D.participate33.A.conversation B.adventure C.negotiation D.journey34.A.setaside B.askfor C.putoff D.contributeto35.A.giveaway B.insiston C.listento D.fightfor36.A.proposals B.decisions C.comments D.mistakes〖答案〗17.C18.B19.D20.B21.A22.A23.B24.C25.B26.D27.B28.A29.A30.D31.D32.C33.A34.B35.C36.D〖解析〗【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者兩次面試失敗后,通過獲得反饋并調(diào)整求職策略,最終成功找到工作的經(jīng)歷。第一次失敗后,他因缺乏反饋而感到失望和憤怒;第二次失敗時(shí),他得到了關(guān)于表達(dá)動機(jī)不清晰的反饋,這促使他開始仔細(xì)選擇職位。最終,他只申請感興趣的工作,并成功找到工作。后來作為面試官,作者會為求職者提供反饋,幫助他們改進(jìn)?!?7題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:當(dāng)我收到拒絕郵件時(shí),我感到失望和憤怒。A.congratulation祝賀;B.invitation邀請;C.rejection拒絕;D.complaint投訴。根據(jù)后文“Ifeltdisappointedandangry.”可知,作者會感到失望和憤怒說明被拒絕了。故選C?!?8題詳析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意:我花了好幾天準(zhǔn)備面試,到最后,我甚至不知道哪里出了問題。A.takingup從事;B.preparingfor準(zhǔn)備;C.callingoff取消;D.passingdown傳遞。根據(jù)上文“Ihadspentdays”以及賓語“theinterview”指花時(shí)間準(zhǔn)備面試。故選B。【19題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意:“不幸的是,我們決定把這份工作給別人,”他說。A.Consequently結(jié)果;B.Hopefully有希望地;C.Surprisingly驚人地;D.Unfortunately不幸地。根據(jù)后文“wedecidedtoofferthejobtosomeoneelse”可知,工作給了別人,對作者來說是不幸地。故選D。【20題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:經(jīng)理接著告訴我,我沒有表達(dá)我申請這個(gè)職位的動機(jī)。A.requirement要求;B.motivation動機(jī);C.imagination想象;D.suggestion建議。根據(jù)后文“Ijustwantedajobinmyhomecity”可知,作者的動機(jī)只是想要一份工作,這是經(jīng)理沒有聽到作者申請時(shí)所表達(dá)出的。故選B。【21題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:這些反饋?zhàn)屓穗y以接受,但他是對的。A.tough艱難的;B.pleasant令人愉快的;C.frightening可怕的;D.reasonable合理的。根據(jù)后文“tohear,buthewasright”中but表示轉(zhuǎn)折,說明經(jīng)理的話讓作者難受,但卻是事實(shí)。故選A?!?2題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:因?yàn)槲抑幌朐诩亦l(xiāng)找一份工作,所以我并不太在意這份工作是否符合我的興趣。A.care關(guān)心,在意;B.regret后悔;C.doubt懷疑;D.know知道。根據(jù)上文“AsIjustwantedajobinmyhomecity”以及后文“muchwhetheritfitmyinterests”可知,作者只是想要一份工作,并不太在意這份工作是否符合自己的興趣。故選A?!?3題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:這家公司的工作是我有能力做的,但我對它沒有熱情——這在面試中表現(xiàn)出來了。A.nervous緊張的;B.enthusiastic熱情的;C.relaxed放松的;D.embarrassed尷尬的。根據(jù)上文作者面試被拒,說明作者對這份工作并沒有熱情,因此被經(jīng)理拒絕了。故選B。【24題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:從一開始,我就決定仔細(xì)評估每一個(gè)工作機(jī)會,只追求我感興趣的。A.introduce介紹;B.abandon拋棄;C.pursue追求;D.display展示。根據(jù)上文“Idecidedtocarefullyevaluateeachjobopeningandonly”可知,作者評估工作機(jī)會,是為了追求自己感興趣的工作。故選C?!?5題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:在我的申請中,我也開始清楚地說明我為什么想要這份工作。A.examining檢查;B.stating陳述;C.judging判斷;D.instructing指導(dǎo)。根據(jù)后文“clearlywhyIwantedthatparticularjob”指作者在申請中陳述自己申請的理由。故選B。【26題詳析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意:很快,我的努力得到了回報(bào),我得到了一份令我真正興奮的工作。A.cameabout發(fā)生;B.fadedaway消失;C.settleddown定居;D.paidoff取得回報(bào)。根據(jù)后文“asIgotanofferIwastrulyexcitedabout”可知,作者得到了想要的工作,努力得到了回報(bào)。故選D?!?7題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:多年以后,我發(fā)現(xiàn)自己站在桌子的另一邊,為我實(shí)驗(yàn)室的一個(gè)職位面試候選人。A.officials官員;B.candidates候選人;C.visitors游客;D.employers雇主。根據(jù)上文“Ifoundmyselfontheothersideofthetable”可知,作者站在了桌子的另一邊,即成為了面試候選人的面試官。故選B。【28題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:在紙上,他的申請書看起來不錯(cuò),但面試進(jìn)行得很糟糕。A.great不錯(cuò)的;B.easy容易的;C.confusing令人困惑的;D.complicated復(fù)雜的。根據(jù)后文“buttheinterviewwentbadly”可知,but表示轉(zhuǎn)折,申請書看起來不錯(cuò),但面試進(jìn)行得很糟糕。故選A。【29題詳析】考查介詞短語辨析。句意:他似乎沒有提前閱讀我的研究,這讓我懷疑他是否真的有興趣和我一起工作。A.inadvance提前;B.onaverage平均的;C.bycontrast相比之下;D.forfree免費(fèi)地。根據(jù)后文“aboutmyresearch,whichmademewonderwhetherhewastrulyinterestedinworkingwithme.”可知,作者懷疑他是否有興趣和自己一起工作,所以推測他沒有提前閱讀作者的研究。故選A。【30題詳析】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意:他似乎沒有提前閱讀我的研究,這讓我懷疑他是否真的有興趣和我一起工作。A.that那;B.when當(dāng)……時(shí)候;C.where在哪里;D.whether是否。此處引導(dǎo)賓語從句,表示“是否”應(yīng)用whether。故選D?!?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:當(dāng)我打電話告訴他我不能給他這個(gè)職位時(shí),他很失望。A.salary薪水;B.degree度數(shù);C.award獎品;D.position職位,位置。根據(jù)上文“forapositioninmylab”可知,此處指給對方這個(gè)職位。故選D?!?2題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:然后我告訴他在以后的面試中他可以改進(jìn)的地方。A.continue繼續(xù);B.serve服務(wù);C.improve改善;D.participate參加。根據(jù)后文“constructivecriticism”可推測得知,作者告訴了對方面試中可以改進(jìn)的地方。故選C?!?3題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:隨著談話的進(jìn)行,我感覺到他對我所說的話很感激。A.conversation談話;B.adventure冒險(xiǎn);C.negotiation談判;D.journey旅程。根據(jù)上文“Ithentoldhim”指作者和對方進(jìn)行了談話。故選A?!?4題詳析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意:如今,當(dāng)我自己的學(xué)員申請其他公司的職位時(shí),我鼓勵(lì)他們尋求反饋。A.setaside留出;B.askfor尋求;C.putoff推遲;D.contributeto有助于。根據(jù)后文“feedback”可知,指面試者向面試官尋求反饋。故選B。【35題詳析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意:聽建設(shè)性的批評從來都不是一件愉快的事,但如果我們被告知我們落后的地方,我們更有可能避免在未來犯同樣的錯(cuò)誤。A.giveaway贈送;B.insiston堅(jiān)持;C.listento聽;D.fightfor為……而戰(zhàn)。根據(jù)后文“constructivecriticism”以及后文“wearetoldwherewearelagging”指聽建設(shè)性的批評,故選C。【36題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:聽建設(shè)性的批評從來都不是一件愉快的事,但如果我們被告知我們落后的地方,我們更有可能避免在未來犯同樣的錯(cuò)誤。A.proposals提議;B.decisions決定;C.comments評論;D.mistakes錯(cuò)誤。根據(jù)上文“wearemorelikelytoavoidmakingthesame”可知,聽從建議是為了避免犯同樣的錯(cuò)誤。故選D。Passage2Ihadstruggledwithmathsincefourthgrade,butworkedveryhardto___37___thesmartstudentsaroundme.Ineleventhgrade,muchtomyclassmates___38___,IsignedupforprecalculusBC,thehardestmathclass.ThatwaswhenImetMr.DenaandtoldhimIhad___39___inmath,yetIwouldtrymyhardest.HewasconvincedIcouldsucceed___40___thedoubtsfrommyclassmates.Mr.Denakeptanunforgettable___41___bySirIsaacNewtononhischalkboard:“IfIhavebeenabletoseefurther,itisonlybecauseIstandontheshouldersofgiants.”Hereflectedonthatthroughouttheyearandwas___42___toteachusmorethanmath.Mr.Denaoccasionallygavepartnertests,believingthatwecouldsolvehardproblemstogether.Hedrewnamesoutofahatto___43___partners.Studentswere___44___outloudthattheywouldn'tbepairedwithme.Asthe“l(fā)ucky”namewas___45___,theclassburstintolaughter.Mypartnerjokedaboutbeing____46____withme.However,weworkedwelltogetherandsurprisedeveryonewithour____47____onthistest.IlearnedsomuchfrommyclassmatesandIrealizedthiswasreally____48____wehadpartnertests.ThefinalexamwasMr.Dena'sfinal____49____tous,butIfailedit.ItoldhimIdidn'tunderstandhowIcoulddoso____50____onatestwhenIhadstudiedsohard.Heexplainedit'snotaboutthegrades;it'sabouttrueunderstanding.Ifstudyingdidn't____51____onatest,itwouldsomeday.Iknewthenthat____52____passingorfailingtests,studyingwasabouthardworkandeffort.AndI____53____myselfharderthanIeverhad.TobechallengedinmathreallychangedthewayI____54____otherchallengesinlife.Iwasn'tgoingtoletagradestopmefromlearningsomeofthebestlessonsofmylife.Mr.DenaisoneofthegiantsthatNewton____55____.Hehashelpedmeseenotonlymore____56____ideasthanIthoughtpossible,butwhoIcanbe.37A.keepupwith B.giveinto C.stayawayfrom D.watchoutfor38.A.sorrow B.delight C.surprise D.relief39.A.talent B.methods C.innovation D.weaknesses40.A.inspiteof B.incaseof C.inviewof D.inconsequenceof41.A.diary B.quote C.essay D.letter42.A.embarrassed B.determined C.astonished D.puzzled43.A.assign B.honor C.persuade D.monitor44.A.reading B.singing C.praying D.applauding45.A.registered B.changed C.abandoned D.picked46.A.concerned B.stuck C.impressed D.content47.A.negotiation B.mistake C.performance D.standard48.A.when B.why C.where D.how49.A.decision B.challenge C.instruction D.victory50.A.accurately B.carefully C.effortlessly D.poorly51.A.giveout B.breakdown C.turnup D.payoff52.A.beyond B.within C.upon D.across53.A.praised B.defended C.pushed D.criticized54.A.viewed B.created C.ignored D.presented55.A.admires B.establishes C.measures D.describes56.A.social B.mathematical C.psychological D.moral〖答案〗37A38.C39.D40.A41.B42.B43.A44.C45.D46.B47.C48.B49.B50.D51.D52.A53.C54.A55.D56.B〖解析〗【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者從四年級開始學(xué)數(shù)學(xué)就很吃力,同學(xué)們都不愿意和作者進(jìn)行小組活動,但作者卻很努力,微積分課程的老師Mr.Dena讓作者理解到了學(xué)習(xí)不是關(guān)乎于考試,而是努力和付出,付出終會有回報(bào)的。【37題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:從四年級開始,我的數(shù)學(xué)就很困難,但是我努力趕上我周圍那些最聰明的學(xué)生。A.keepupwith趕上;B.giveinto向……屈服;C.stayawayfrom遠(yuǎn)離;D.watchoutfor注意,留意。根據(jù)空前的“butworkedveryhardto”轉(zhuǎn)折but可知,盡管我的數(shù)學(xué)學(xué)起來很費(fèi)力,但我還是盡力追上、趕上周圍的同學(xué),故選A?!?8題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:令我的同學(xué)驚訝的是,我報(bào)名了微積分BC這一課程,最難的數(shù)學(xué)課。A.sorrow傷心;B.delight高興;C.surprise驚訝;D.relief輕松。根據(jù)前文“Ihadstruggledwithmathsincefourthgrade”可知,我本身學(xué)數(shù)學(xué)就有一定的困難,但我卻報(bào)名了最難的數(shù)學(xué)課,這讓我的同學(xué)很驚訝,故選C?!?9題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:這就是當(dāng)我遇到Mr.Dena時(shí)候,我告訴他,我在數(shù)學(xué)上有一定的弱點(diǎn),但我會盡最大的努力。A.talent天賦;B.methods方法;C.innovation創(chuàng)新;D.weaknesses弱點(diǎn),劣勢。根據(jù)前文“Ihadstruggledwithmathsincefourthgrade”可知,我本身學(xué)數(shù)學(xué)就有一定的困難,因此我告訴Mr.Dena,我學(xué)數(shù)學(xué)有一定的劣勢,故選D?!?0題詳析】考查短語詞義辨析。句意:他讓我相信,即使同學(xué)懷疑我,但我還是能成功。A.inspiteof盡管;B.incaseof以防……;C.inviewof鑒于;D.inconsequenceof因?yàn)椋捎凇慕Y(jié)果。根據(jù)空后“thedoubtsfrommyclassmates.”可知,即使我學(xué)數(shù)學(xué)有困難,即使同學(xué)對我有懷疑,但他讓我相信,我還是能成功,故選A?!?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:Mr.Dena在黑板上留下了SirIsaacNewton的一句難忘的話:“如果我能看得更遠(yuǎn),那是因?yàn)槲艺驹诰奕思绨蛏??!盇.diary日記;B.quote引文,引語;C.essay論文;D.letter信。根據(jù)后文“SirIsaacNewtononhischalkboard:“IfIhavebeenabletoseefurther,itisonlybecauseIstandontheshouldersofgiants.””可知,后文提到Mr.Dena引用了的SirIsaacNewton一句話,寫在黑板上,故選B?!?2題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:他一整年都在思考這一點(diǎn),并決定要教我們除了數(shù)學(xué)以外更多的東西。A.embarrassed尷尬的;B.determined有決心的;C.astonished驚訝的;D.puzzled困惑的。根據(jù)空前“Hereflectedonthatthroughouttheyear”可知,他全年都在思考“如果我能看得更遠(yuǎn),那只是因?yàn)槲艺驹诰奕思绨蛏稀边@一點(diǎn),因此下定決心要教我們除了數(shù)學(xué)以外更多的東西,故選B?!?3題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:他從帽子里抽出名字來分配搭檔。A.assign分配;B.honor尊敬;C.persuade說服;D.monitor監(jiān)視。根據(jù)前文“Mr.Denaoccasionallygavepartnertests”可知,他會給我們進(jìn)行小組測試,因此從帽子里抽出名字來分配搭檔,故選A?!?4題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:同學(xué)都大聲祈禱不要跟我分在一組。A.reading閱讀;B.singing唱歌;C.praying祈禱;D.applauding鼓掌。根據(jù)前文“Ihadstruggledwithmathsincefourthgrade”可知,我學(xué)數(shù)學(xué)有一定的困難,因此在分組的時(shí)候,同學(xué)都大聲祈禱不要跟我分在一組,故選C?!?5題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:當(dāng)“幸運(yùn)的”名字被挑選出來時(shí),同學(xué)們都大笑起來。A.registered注冊;B.changed改變;C.abandoned拋棄;D.picked挑選。根據(jù)前文“Hedrewnamesoutofahat”可知,Mr.Dena從帽子里抽出名字來分配搭檔,因此當(dāng)“幸運(yùn)兒”的名字被選出來的時(shí)候,故選D。【46題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:我的搭檔開玩笑說被我纏住了。A.concerned關(guān)心的;B.stuck被困的,被纏住的;C.impressed印象深刻的;D.content滿意的。根據(jù)前文“Studentswere___8___outloudthattheywouldn'tbepairedwithme.”可知,同學(xué)們都不想和我一組,因此我的搭檔開玩笑說被我纏住了,我會拖累他,故選B?!?7題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:然而,我們合作得很好,并用我們在這次考試的成績震驚了每個(gè)人。A.negotiation談判;B.mistake錯(cuò)誤;C.performance表現(xiàn),成績;D.standard標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。根據(jù)空后“onthistest”可知,我們合作得很好,用考試的成績震驚了每個(gè)人,故選C?!?8題詳析】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意:我從同學(xué)那里學(xué)到了很多,并且我意識到,這也就是為什么我們有小組測試。A.when當(dāng)……時(shí)候;B.why為什么;C.where哪里;D.how怎樣。根據(jù)空后“wehadpartnertests”可知,我們進(jìn)行小組測試的原因是因?yàn)槲覀兡軓拇顧n那里學(xué)到很多東西,故選B?!?9題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:期末考試就是Mr.Dena對我們最后的考驗(yàn),但我沒能通過考試。A.decision決定;B.challenge挑戰(zhàn),考驗(yàn);C.instruction指導(dǎo);D.victory勝利。根據(jù)前文“Thefinalexam”可知,期末考試是Mr.Dena對我們最后的考驗(yàn),故選B?!?0題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意:我告訴他,我學(xué)習(xí)如此努力了,怎么還能在考得這么差。A.accurately準(zhǔn)確地;B.carefully小心地;C.effortlessly不費(fèi)力地;D.poorly差地。根據(jù)空后“whenIhadstudiedsohard”可知,我感到很疑惑,為什么我這么努力,考試成績卻這么差,故選D?!?1題詳析】考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意:如果學(xué)習(xí)沒有在考試上得到回報(bào),那終有一天會有回報(bào)的。A.giveout泄露,分發(fā);B.breakdown垮掉;C.turnup出現(xiàn);D.payoff取得回報(bào)。根據(jù)后文“Heexplainedit'snotaboutthegrades;it'sabouttrueunderstanding.”可知,Mr.Dena解釋道,學(xué)習(xí)是理解,而不是分?jǐn)?shù),因此如果努力沒有在測試上取得回報(bào),那終有一天會有回報(bào)的,故選D?!?2題詳析】考查介詞詞義辨析。句意:就在那時(shí),我知道了,學(xué)習(xí)是超出通過或者沒通過考試的范圍,是關(guān)乎于努力和汗水的。A.beyond超出……范圍;B.within在……范圍以內(nèi);C.upon在……上;D.across跨越。根據(jù)后文“studyingwasabouthardworkandeffort.”可知,學(xué)習(xí)是關(guān)乎于努力和付出的,超出了通過考試或者沒通過考試的范圍,故選A?!?3題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:我督促自己比之前更加努力了。A.praised表揚(yáng);B.defended辯護(hù);C.pushed督促,催促;D.criticized批評。根據(jù)前文“Iknewthenthat___16___passingorfailingtests,studyingwasabouthardworkandeffort.”可知,我理解到學(xué)習(xí)不是關(guān)于考試是否通過,而且關(guān)乎于努力和付出的,因此我督促自己比之前更加努力了,故選C?!?4題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:挑戰(zhàn)數(shù)學(xué)真的改變了我看到生活中的挑戰(zhàn)的方式。A.viewed看待;B.created創(chuàng)造;C.ignored忽視;D.presented呈現(xiàn)。根據(jù)空前“Tobechallengedinmathreallychangedtheway”可知,挑戰(zhàn)數(shù)學(xué)改變了我看到生活中的挑戰(zhàn)的方式,故選A?!?5題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:Mr.Dena就是Newton描述的巨人之一。A.admires欽佩;B.establishes建立;C.measures測量;D.describes描述。根據(jù)前文“SirIsaacNewtononhischalkboard:“IfIhavebeenabletoseefurther,itisonlybecauseIstandontheshouldersofgiants.””可知,Newton說過,“如果我能看得更遠(yuǎn),那只是因?yàn)槲艺驹诰奕思绨蛏稀?,而作者就將Mr.Dena視為Newton描述的巨人之一,讓作者看得更遠(yuǎn),故選D。【56題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:他不僅讓我看到了比我想象的更多的數(shù)學(xué)改變,還讓我看到了我能成為什么。A.social社會的;B.mathematical有關(guān)數(shù)學(xué)的;C.psychological心理的;D.moral道德上的。根據(jù)前文“IsignedupforprecalculusBC,thehardestmathclass.ThatwaswhenImetMr.Dena”可知,Mr.Dena是我的數(shù)學(xué)老師,因此讓我看到了比我想象的更多的數(shù)學(xué)概念,故選B。閱讀理解Passage1Humanshaveevolved(進(jìn)化)tospendlongperiodsdoingphysicalexercise.Butwhydoesn’teveryoneenjoyexercising?Thecomplexityofthehumanbrainistoblame.Evolvinganabilitydoesn’tautomaticallymeanwe’llwanttouseit.Whilephysicalexerciseisn’tthatbad,it’sstilltypicallyunpleasant.Ithastobe:you’repushingyourbodytoitsphysicallimits,whichleadstosignificantdiscomfort.Anotherissueisthatthehumanbrainishighlysensitivetowastedeffort.Studieshaveshownthatitcalculatestheeffortrequiredforactionsandtendstostopusfromsquanderingvitalresourcesonfruitlessefforts,likewalkingover30kmforahandfulofberries.Thethingis,regularexercisetoget“inshape”requiresconstantandconsiderableeffort—allforgradualprogressanduncertainrewards.So,yourbrain’stendencytoask,“Isitworthit?”willbehardtoquieten.Thisparticularfeaturealsomeanswetypicallypreferthingswhichofferminimumeffortformaximumreward.Thankfully,thehumanbrainisacomplexorgan.Itisn’truledbyitsmoreprimitivedrives.Whilemanyspecies’thoughtprocessesarelimitedto“Food,eatit!”,“Danger,run!”,“Pain,avoid!”,we’veevolvedbeyondthat.Ourbrainscanformmultiplelong-termgoalsandambitions.Wecanimagineadesirablefuturescenario(情況),figureouthowwe’dachieveit,anddojustthat.Oratleastworktowardit.Thisdirectlyimpactshowourbrainprocessesmotivationandwillpower.Itmakesuscapableofdelayedgratification(滿足):wecanrecognizethatrejectingarewardnowcanleadtoagreaterrewardlater,andactaccordingly.Sohowdoesthebrainprocessmotivation?Theself-discrepancy(自我差異)theorysuggestswehaveseveral“selves”activeinourmindsatanygiventime:our“actual”self,our“ideal”self,andour“ought”self.Your“actual”selfishowyouarerightnow.Your“ideal”selfiswhatyouwanttobe.Andyour“ought”selfistheselfthatdoeswhatyououghttobedoingtobecomeyour“ideal”self.So,ifyour“ideal”selfisaprofessionalfootballer,andyour“actual”selfisn’t,your“ought”selfistheonethatspendsalotoftimetraining,exercising,andgettingbetteratfootball.Asfarasyourbrainisconcerned,thereareprocessesthatdiscourageexercise,andprocessesthatencourageit.Ideally,you’llendupputtingmoreweightonthelatterthantheformer.57.Whatcanbelearntfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Somepeoplearebornphysicallyweakerthanothers.B.Somepeopledislikedrivingthemselvestoohardphysically.C.Mostpeoplehavethehabitofdoingphysicalexercise.D.Mostpeopledophysicalexerciseforcomfortandpleasure.58.Whichisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword“squandering”inParagraph3?A.Conserving. B.Mixing. C.Misusing. D.Sharing.59.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingParagraph4?A.Toraiseaquestion. B.Toprovideadefinition.C.Tomakeacomparison. D.Tofurtherexplainapoint.60.Accordingtotheauthor,howarehumansdifferentfrommanyotherspecies?A.Humansareabletopictureafavorablefuture.B.Humansbenefitmorefrompainfulexperiences.C.Humanscaremoreaboutimmediaterewards.D.Humansareskilledatavoidingdangers.61.Accordingtotheself-discrepancytheory,whopresentsthemostactive“ought”self?A.Afootballerdreamingofbecomingamoviestar.B.AstudenteatingpotatochipswhilewatchingTV.C.Aprofessionaldancerperformingatatheatre.D.AswimmertrainingtowinanOlympicmedal.〖答案〗57.B58.C59.D60.A61.D〖解析〗【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了并非人人都喜歡體育鍛煉的原因,指出這是因?yàn)槿四X對無謂的努力很抵觸且鍛煉本身的回報(bào)不確定,不過大腦能形成長期目標(biāo)、處理動機(jī),我們能學(xué)會延時(shí)滿足,為目標(biāo)不懈努力?!?7題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Butwhydoesn’teveryoneenjoyexercising?(但是為什么不是每個(gè)人都喜歡鍛煉呢?)”和第二段中“Whilephysicalexerciseisn’tthatbad,it’sstilltypicallyunpleasant.Ithastobe:you’repushingyourbodytoitsphysicallimits,whichleadstosignificantdiscomfort.(雖然體育鍛煉并沒有那么糟糕,但它通常還是令人不愉快的。這是必然的:你正在把你的身體推向它的身體極限,這導(dǎo)致了明顯的不適)”可知,有些人不喜歡鍛煉是身體被迫達(dá)到體能極限時(shí)會感到明顯不適。由此可知,有些人不喜歡對自己的身體施加太大的壓力。故選B項(xiàng)。【58題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞的上文“Anotherissueisthatthehumanbrainishighlysensitivetowastedeffort.Studieshaveshownthatitcalculatestheeffortrequiredforactions(另一個(gè)問題是,人類的大腦對浪費(fèi)精力非常敏感。研究表明,它可以計(jì)算出行動所需的努力)”可知,人腦對無謂的努力很抵觸。由此可知,此處指“它會阻止我們將重要資源浪費(fèi)在無效的努力上”,畫線詞意思應(yīng)該是“浪費(fèi),濫用”,與Misusing意思相近。故選C項(xiàng)?!?9題詳析】推理判斷題。第三段中的“Anotherissueisthatthehumanbrainishighlysensitivetowastedeffort.(另一個(gè)問題是,人類的大腦對浪費(fèi)精力非常敏感)”指出人腦對無謂的努力很抵觸,第四段“Thethingis,regularexercisetoget“inshape”requiresconstantandconsiderableeffort—allforgradualprogressanduncertainrewards.So,yourbrain’stendencytoask,“Isitworthit?”willbehardtoquieten.Thisparticularfeaturealsomeanswetypicallypreferthingswhichofferminimumeffortformaximumreward(問題是,有規(guī)律的鍛煉來保持“身材”需要持續(xù)和相當(dāng)大的努力——所有這些都是漸進(jìn)的,回報(bào)是不確定的。所以,你的大腦問“這值得嗎?”問題的傾向?qū)⒑茈y平息。這個(gè)特殊的特征也意味著我們通常更喜歡那些付出最少努力卻獲得最大回報(bào)的東西)”用規(guī)律鍛煉以保持身材的例子具體說明人腦的這種工作機(jī)制。由此可知,作者寫第四段的目的是進(jìn)一步解釋上文的觀點(diǎn)。故選D項(xiàng)?!?0題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中“Whilemanyspecies’thoughtprocessesarelimitedto“Food,eatit!”,“Danger,run!”,“Pain,avoid!”,we’veevolvedbeyondthat.Ourbrainscanformmultiplelong-termgoalsandambitions.Wecanimagineadesirablefuturescenario(情況),figureouthowwe’dachieveit,anddojustthat.(雖然許多物種的思維過程僅限于“食物,吃它!”、“危險(xiǎn),快跑!”、“痛苦,躲避!”,我們已經(jīng)超越了這一點(diǎn)。我們的大腦可以形成多個(gè)長期目標(biāo)和抱負(fù)。我們可以想象一個(gè)理想的未來場景,弄清楚我們?nèi)绾螌?shí)現(xiàn)它,然后去做)”可知,人類與許多其他物種的不同之處在于,人類能夠想象一個(gè)美好的未來。故選A項(xiàng)?!?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段中“Andyour“ought”selfistheselfthatdoeswhatyououghttobedoingtobecomeyour“ideal”self.So,ifyour“ideal”selfisaprofessionalfootballer,andyour“actual”selfisn’t,your“ought”selfistheonethatspendsalotoftimetraining,exercising,andgettingbetteratfootball.(你的“應(yīng)該”自我就是做你應(yīng)該做的事情來成為你的“理想”自我的那個(gè)自我。所以,如果你的“理想”自我是一名職業(yè)足球運(yùn)動員,而你的“實(shí)際”自我不是,那么你的“應(yīng)該”自我就是花大量時(shí)間訓(xùn)練、鍛煉,并在足球方面做得更好的那個(gè)人)”可知,“自我差異”理論認(rèn)為“應(yīng)該”自我會使人為奮斗目標(biāo)持續(xù)努力。由此可知,為贏得奧運(yùn)獎牌而訓(xùn)練的游泳運(yùn)動員表現(xiàn)出最活躍的“應(yīng)該”自我。故選D項(xiàng)。Passage2Staringatthebookcasesinmystudy,packedwithsomanygreatbooksthathadremainedunread,Iheardaloudvoiceinmyhead—“Shameonyou!Howcanyouleavethesemasterpiecesunread?”ThefirstbookIpickedupwasMontaigne'sEssays.TomysurpriseIdiscoveredinthemargins(頁邊空白)whatclearlywasmyownfadedhand-writing.SoIwasactuallyreadingitagain,butwhatIwasrereadingseemedentirelynew.Ialsofoundsentencesunderlined.OnlythistimeIwondered:WhydidIunderlinethissentence?It'sthenextonethatisimportant!Clearly,mywayofreadingthetexthadshifted,andImyselfhadchangedovertheyears.Thisraisedthelargerquestionofrereading.Itcomesinmanyforms.There’svoluntaryrereading,theresultofawillfuldecisiontorevisitabookonehasadmired,orabookthathasleftonewithsomeunansweredquestions.Thiskindofplannedrevisitcouldalsobeforconfirmingcertaindetailsinthetext,orforcheckingonthemovesofagivencharacter.Adevo
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