中建土方開(kāi)挖、基坑支護(hù)及降水施工方案

新橋社區(qū)綜合體建設(shè)工程項(xiàng)目

土方開(kāi)挖、基坑支護(hù)及降水專(zhuān)項(xiàng)施工方案

編制單位：中國(guó)建筑第x工程局有限公司

編制人：

編制日期：

2023年7月發(fā)布2023年7月實(shí)施

目錄

1編制依據(jù)................................................................................................................................................................................1

2工程概況................................................................................................................................................................................2

2.1工程建設(shè)概況一覽表..............................................................................................................................................2

2.2基坑支護(hù)及降水設(shè)計(jì)概況.....................................................................................................................................2

降排水設(shè)計(jì)..............................................................................................................................................................2

基坑支護(hù)設(shè)計(jì).........................................................................................................................................................3

2.3場(chǎng)地環(huán)境與工程地質(zhì)條件.....................................................................................................................................6

2.3.1場(chǎng)地的地理位置.........................................................................................................................................6

氣象水文資料.........................................................................................................................................................6

2.3.3區(qū)域地質(zhì)概況..............................................................................................................................................6

場(chǎng)地地層巖性.........................................................................................................................................................6

水文地質(zhì)條件.........................................................................................................................................................7

周邊環(huán)境條件.........................................................................................................................................................7

3施工安排................................................................................................................................................................................9

3.1項(xiàng)目管理組織與職能分工.....................................................................................................................................9

項(xiàng)目管理組織結(jié)構(gòu)框架.......................................................................................................................................9

項(xiàng)目部人員配置及職責(zé)分工..............................................................................................................................9

3.2項(xiàng)目管理目標(biāo).........................................................................................................................................................12

3.3各類(lèi)資源供應(yīng)方式................................................................................................................................................13

3.4施工流程.................................................................................................................................................................13

施工流程................................................................................................................................................................13

施工工藝流程.......................................................................................................................................................13

4施工準(zhǔn)備與資源配置計(jì)劃...............................................................................................................................................14

4.1施工準(zhǔn)備計(jì)劃.........................................................................................................................................................14

4.2資源配置計(jì)劃........................................................................................................................................................15

5主要施工方法及工藝要求..............................................................................................................................................16

5.1測(cè)量方案.................................................................................................................................................................16

5.1.1測(cè)量總體思路...........................................................................................................................................16

5.1.2測(cè)量準(zhǔn)備....................................................................................................................................................16

5.1.3測(cè)量工程施工質(zhì)量保證措施................................................................................................................17

5.2基坑降水施工方法及工藝要求.........................................................................................................................17

5.2.1基坑降水施工工藝流程.........................................................................................................................18

基坑降水主要施工方法.....................................................................................................................................18

基坑降水質(zhì)量控制措施.....................................................................................................................................20

5.3旋挖樁施工方法及工藝要求..............................................................................................................................20

5.3.1施工準(zhǔn)備....................................................................................................................................................20

5.3.2施工工藝及工序.......................................................................................................................................21

5.3.3施工方法....................................................................................................................................................21

導(dǎo)管、儲(chǔ)料斗安裝..............................................................................................................................................25

灌注混凝土...........................................................................................................................................................25

試塊制作及養(yǎng)護(hù)..................................................................................................................................................26

樁頂保護(hù)................................................................................................................................................................27

5.3.9樁檢測(cè).........................................................................................................................................................27

截樁.........................................................................................................................................................................27

旋挖樁質(zhì)量保證措施.........................................................................................................................................27

安全保證措施.......................................................................................................................................................31

常見(jiàn)事故處理及預(yù)防措施................................................................................................................................32

成品保護(hù)................................................................................................................................................................34

5.4冠梁施工方法及工藝要求..................................................................................................................................35

冠梁概述................................................................................................................................................................35

冠梁施工工序.......................................................................................................................................................35

冠梁施工要點(diǎn).......................................................................................................................................................35

5.5樁間網(wǎng)噴支護(hù)施工方法及工藝要求................................................................................................................37

5.6預(yù)應(yīng)力錨索施工方法及工藝要求.....................................................................................................................38

5.6.1施工方法與特點(diǎn).......................................................................................................................................38

5.6.2施工工藝流程...........................................................................................................................................38

5.7鋼腰梁施工方法及工藝要求..............................................................................................................................39

5.7.1施工方案....................................................................................................................................................39

5.7.2施工工藝要求...........................................................................................................................................40

5.7.3安全環(huán)保措施...........................................................................................................................................41

5.8基坑臨邊防護(hù)施工方法及工藝要求................................................................................................................41

5.9土方開(kāi)挖施工方法及工藝要求.........................................................................................................................41

技術(shù)準(zhǔn)備工作.......................................................................................................................................................41

土石方開(kāi)挖的總體安排.....................................................................................................................................42

土石方施工采取的措施.....................................................................................................................................42

降排水措施...........................................................................................................................................................42

開(kāi)挖過(guò)程中的注意事項(xiàng).....................................................................................................................................43

電梯井、集水坑土方開(kāi)挖要求.......................................................................................................................43

基坑馬道設(shè)置.......................................................................................................................................................43

車(chē)輛沖洗水源.......................................................................................................................................................43

土方開(kāi)挖及回填要求.........................................................................................................................................44

土方開(kāi)挖控制措施..............................................................................................................................................44

5.10基坑監(jiān)測(cè)方案.......................................................................................................................................................44

監(jiān)測(cè)目的................................................................................................................................................................44

監(jiān)測(cè)內(nèi)容................................................................................................................................................................45

監(jiān)測(cè)報(bào)警值及異常情況下的監(jiān)測(cè)措施.........................................................................................................45

基準(zhǔn)點(diǎn)、監(jiān)測(cè)點(diǎn)布設(shè).........................................................................................................................................45

監(jiān)測(cè)頻率................................................................................................................................................................46

6質(zhì)量管理計(jì)劃..................................................................................................................................................................48

6.1工程施工質(zhì)量目標(biāo)...............................................................................................................................................48

6.2質(zhì)量管理組織機(jī)構(gòu)及職責(zé).................................................................................................................................48

6.2.1質(zhì)量管理組織機(jī)構(gòu)..................................................................................................................................48

6.2.2組織機(jī)構(gòu)成員質(zhì)量職責(zé).........................................................................................................................48

6.2.3質(zhì)量管理制度...........................................................................................................................................50

6.2.4質(zhì)量保證措施...........................................................................................................................................52

7安全管理計(jì)劃..................................................................................................................................................................54

7.1安全管理方針、目標(biāo)..........................................................................................................................................54

7.1.1安全管理方針...........................................................................................................................................54

7.1.2安全管理目標(biāo)...........................................................................................................................................54

7.1.3安全管理體系...........................................................................................................................................54

7.2安全管理制度........................................................................................................................................................54

8進(jìn)度管理計(jì)劃..................................................................................................................................................................55

8.1施工進(jìn)度控制點(diǎn)...................................................................................................................................................56

8.2施工進(jìn)度管理職責(zé)分工......................................................................................................................................56

8.3施工進(jìn)度管理措施...............................................................................................................................................56

8.4夜間、農(nóng)忙、節(jié)假日施工保障措施...............................................................................................................57

8.5雨季施工保障措施...............................................................................................................................................58

8.6外部環(huán)境保障措施...............................................................................................................................................60

9成品保護(hù)計(jì)劃......................................................................................................................................................................60

9.1成品保護(hù)組織機(jī)構(gòu)...............................................................................................................................................61

9.2成品保護(hù)的崗位職責(zé)..........................................................................................................................................62

9.3成品保護(hù)的管理制度..........................................................................................................................................62

9.4各參建單位成品保護(hù)的責(zé)任劃分...................................................................................................................63

9.5對(duì)地上、地下設(shè)施和周?chē)ㄖ善繁Ｗo(hù)......................................................................................................64

10環(huán)境保護(hù)及綠色施工措施.........................................................................................................................................64

10.1施工環(huán)保管理目標(biāo)............................................................................................................................................65

施工環(huán)保管理目標(biāo)..............................................................................................................................................65

施工環(huán)?？刂浦笜?biāo)..............................................................................................................................................65

10.2施工環(huán)境保護(hù)體系............................................................................................................................................66

10.2.1環(huán)境保護(hù)組織機(jī)構(gòu)................................................................................................................................66

10.2.2環(huán)境保護(hù)崗位職責(zé)................................................................................................................................66

10.3環(huán)境保護(hù)管理流程............................................................................................................................................67

10.4現(xiàn)場(chǎng)文明施工.....................................................................................................................................................67

11基坑施工應(yīng)急預(yù)案.......................................................................................................................................................69

11.1總體原則...............................................................................................................................................................69

11.2應(yīng)急工作部署.....................................................................................................................................................69

11.3應(yīng)急搶險(xiǎn)組織機(jī)構(gòu).............................................................................................................................................69

11.4基坑工程應(yīng)急救援預(yù)案...................................................................................................................................70

11.5安全生產(chǎn)事故應(yīng)急救援預(yù)案...........................................................................................................................71

11.6項(xiàng)目周邊應(yīng)急配套及線路圖...........................................................................................................................72

項(xiàng)目周?chē)o應(yīng)急救援配套情況.......................................................................................................................72

救援路線圖...........................................................................................................................................................73

11.7文物保護(hù)應(yīng)急預(yù)案............................................................................................................................................73

12驗(yàn)收要求.........................................................................................................................................................................74

12.1驗(yàn)收標(biāo)準(zhǔn)...............................................................................................................................................................74

12.2驗(yàn)收程序...............................................................................................................................................................77

12.3驗(yàn)收內(nèi)容...............................................................................................................................................................77

12.4驗(yàn)收人員...............................................................................................................................................................78

1編制依據(jù)

文件名稱(chēng)編號(hào)

危險(xiǎn)性較大的分部分項(xiàng)工程安全管理規(guī)定住建部【2018】37號(hào)

建筑基坑工程監(jiān)測(cè)技術(shù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)GB50497-2023

工程測(cè)量規(guī)范GB50026-2007

建筑工程施工現(xiàn)場(chǎng)供用電安全規(guī)范GB50194-2014

建筑工程施工質(zhì)量驗(yàn)收統(tǒng)一標(biāo)準(zhǔn)GB50300-2013

建筑工程施工質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)GB/T50375-2006

建筑工程綠色施工評(píng)價(jià)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)GB/T50640-2010

建筑工程施工現(xiàn)場(chǎng)消防安全技術(shù)規(guī)范GB50720-2011

國(guó)

建筑基坑支護(hù)技術(shù)規(guī)程JGJ120-2012

家

標(biāo)建筑邊坡工程技術(shù)規(guī)范GB50330-2013

準(zhǔn)建筑樁基技術(shù)規(guī)范JGJ94-2008

建筑變形測(cè)量規(guī)范JGJ8-2016

施工現(xiàn)場(chǎng)臨時(shí)用電安全技術(shù)規(guī)程JGJ46-2005

建筑施工安全檢查標(biāo)準(zhǔn)JGJ59-2011

JGJ/T111-2016

管井技術(shù)規(guī)范GB50296-2014

混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范GBJ50010-2010

混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)工程施工質(zhì)量驗(yàn)收規(guī)范GB50204-2015

建筑深基坑工程施工安全技術(shù)規(guī)范JGJ311-2013

鋼筋焊接及驗(yàn)收規(guī)程JGJ18-2012

《建筑地基基礎(chǔ)工程施工質(zhì)量驗(yàn)收規(guī)范》GB50202-2018

文件名稱(chēng)編號(hào)

建筑工程資料管理規(guī)程JGJ/T185-2009

地

DB51/T5072-2011

方成都地區(qū)基坑工程安全技術(shù)規(guī)范

標(biāo)

準(zhǔn)四川省危險(xiǎn)性較大的分部分項(xiàng)工程安全管理規(guī)定實(shí)施細(xì)則/

地勘報(bào)告/

基坑支護(hù)設(shè)計(jì)施工圖紙/

1

2工程概況

2.1工程建設(shè)概況一覽表

工程名稱(chēng)新橋社區(qū)綜合體工程性質(zhì)民用建筑

本工程擬建文化活動(dòng)中心為地上

3～5F，設(shè)三層地下室（局部一

建設(shè)規(guī)模層）?！?.00標(biāo)高為511.10m，基工程地址

坑深度6.1～17.1m，采用框架結(jié)

構(gòu)，獨(dú)立基礎(chǔ)。

總占地面積9116平方米總建筑面積約3.2萬(wàn)平方米

施工總承包合同內(nèi)的主體結(jié)構(gòu)、水電安

建設(shè)單位項(xiàng)目承包范圍

裝、粗裝飾等全部?jī)?nèi)容

設(shè)計(jì)單位主要分包工程基坑支護(hù)、降水及土方工程

合質(zhì)量合格，爭(zhēng)創(chuàng)四川省優(yōu)質(zhì)結(jié)構(gòu)

同

總承包單位中國(guó)建筑第x工程局有限公司工期540日歷天

要

求安全爭(zhēng)創(chuàng)四川省安全文明標(biāo)化工地

工程主要功能

社區(qū)文化活動(dòng)中心

或用途

2.2基坑支護(hù)及降水設(shè)計(jì)概況

1、該工程設(shè)三層地下室（局部為一層），±0.000標(biāo)高為511.10m，設(shè)計(jì)場(chǎng)地平整后

標(biāo)高按504.90m～511.00m考慮，基坑開(kāi)挖深度最大為17.10m；基坑開(kāi)挖線與地下室基礎(chǔ)

邊線預(yù)留1.20m工作面，基坑周長(zhǎng)333.98m,基坑開(kāi)挖面積約5777.89m2。

2、本基坑安全等級(jí)為一級(jí)（一層以及一層和三層地下室交界處為二級(jí)）。設(shè)計(jì)采用

機(jī)械旋挖灌注樁（懸壁樁）、機(jī)械旋挖灌注樁+預(yù)應(yīng)力錨索（錨拉樁）、局部采用放坡網(wǎng)噴

相結(jié)合的支護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)體系。

3、本基坑采用管井降水措施，沿基坑頂部布設(shè)14口降水井，井深30.0m，間距約

25.0m。

降排水設(shè)計(jì)

1、地下水控制

根據(jù)場(chǎng)地工程地質(zhì)、水文地質(zhì)條件、基坑開(kāi)挖深度及周邊環(huán)境情況，設(shè)計(jì)采用基坑四

周管井降水、集水明排相結(jié)合的降排水方案?；又苓叢贾媒邓?，降水井間距約25m，

井深30.0m，降水井上部井壁管5m，下部進(jìn)濾管22.5m，底部沉砂管2.5m。成井規(guī)格：降

水井內(nèi)徑不小于300mm，成孔直徑不小于560mm；降水井施工完成后注意井口防護(hù)，防治

2

雜物掉進(jìn)井內(nèi)，發(fā)生停電時(shí)，應(yīng)緊急轉(zhuǎn)換至備用電源，保證降水井的正常工作。

2、地表水控制

（1）距基坑上口外邊沿0.5m處設(shè)置240mm磚砌擋水臺(tái)，高度300mm，1：2.5水泥砂

漿雙面抹灰，上做100mm高C20細(xì)石混凝土壓頂，并設(shè)置1100mm高護(hù)欄（總高度

1400mm）護(hù)欄采用外徑48mm、壁厚3.5mm鋼管（無(wú)嚴(yán)重銹蝕、彎曲、壓扁、裂紋），鋼管

入土深度不小于30cm。

（2）擋水臺(tái)外側(cè)設(shè)置排水溝，排水溝寬深300×300mm，以防雨水進(jìn)入基坑。

（3）根據(jù)支護(hù)設(shè)計(jì)，基坑擋水臺(tái)至圍擋邊均采用混凝土硬化,按照?qǐng)龅厥褂霉δ艽_定

硬化厚度。

基坑支護(hù)設(shè)計(jì)

本基坑安全等級(jí)為一級(jí)（一層以及一層和三層地下室交界處為二級(jí)）。采用機(jī)械旋挖

灌注樁（懸壁樁）、機(jī)械旋挖灌注樁+預(yù)應(yīng)力錨索（錨拉樁）的支護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)體系?；又ёo(hù)平

面布置圖及分段設(shè)計(jì)匯總?cè)缦拢?/p>

3

圖2.1基坑支護(hù)平面布置圖

4

5

2.3場(chǎng)地環(huán)境與工程地質(zhì)條件

2.3.1場(chǎng)地的地理位置

511.32m～512.20m，高差0.88m，整體較為平坦。

氣象水文資料

947mm。豐水期為6～9月份，降水量占全年降水量74%，枯水期1～3月份，其余為

平水期。相對(duì)濕度多年年平均為82%，多年年平均蒸發(fā)量為1020.50mm。

多年年平均氣溫16.2℃，極端最高氣溫為37.3℃，極端最低氣溫-5.9℃。

多年年平均風(fēng)速為1.35m/s，最大風(fēng)速14.8m/s，極大風(fēng)速為27.4m/s（1961年6月

2日），最多風(fēng)向?yàn)楸奔氨睎|風(fēng)向，多年年平均風(fēng)壓力為140Pa，最大風(fēng)壓力為250Pa。

2.3.3區(qū)域地質(zhì)概況

成都平原在地質(zhì)構(gòu)造體系上位于華夏系龍門(mén)山隆起褶帶和新華系龍泉山褶皺帶之

間。老第三系，隨著青藏高原的上升，龍泉山和龍門(mén)山也跟隨隆起，但地面高差不大，待

進(jìn)入早更新世，龍門(mén)山急劇抬升，龍泉山亦隨著抬升，平原兩側(cè)坳陷形成，粗顆粒的卵礫

石土堆積其間。早更新世晚期至中更新世早期，龍門(mén)山、龍泉山繼續(xù)抬升，整個(gè)平原普遍

下沉，中更新世晚期，新構(gòu)造運(yùn)動(dòng)更加劇烈。龍門(mén)山、龍泉山加速抬升過(guò)程中，原在的一

些主要斷裂繼續(xù)加強(qiáng)活動(dòng)，成都坳陷解體，東部邊緣構(gòu)造帶和西部邊緣構(gòu)造帶上升，局部

成為臺(tái)地，中央凹陷和邊緣構(gòu)造帶的部分地段繼續(xù)沉降，接受上更新統(tǒng)沉積，最終形成了

成都平原現(xiàn)今的構(gòu)造輪廓和地貌景觀。

成都平原所處地殼為一穩(wěn)定地塊，東距龍泉山褶帶約60公里，兩側(cè)距龍門(mén)山褶帶約

30公里，龍門(mén)山斷裂帶于2008年5月12日發(fā)生8級(jí)強(qiáng)震，成都地區(qū)震感強(qiáng)烈，但未造

成重大破壞，從區(qū)域構(gòu)造上看，場(chǎng)地所處區(qū)域構(gòu)造穩(wěn)定性相對(duì)較好，擬建場(chǎng)區(qū)內(nèi)未發(fā)現(xiàn)滑

坡、坍塌等不良地質(zhì)現(xiàn)象。

場(chǎng)地地層巖性

ml

根據(jù)本次勘察資料，場(chǎng)地上覆第四系人工填土（Q4），其下由第四系全新統(tǒng)沖洪積

al+pl

（Q4）成因的粉土、砂及卵石組成。地層從上至下描述如下：

（1）雜填土①1：色雜；松散；干燥～稍濕；由混凝土塊、磚瓦、卵石、炭渣等建筑

垃圾組成，含少量粘性土，系新近填土，堆積時(shí)間3～6年。該層場(chǎng)地內(nèi)均有分布，層厚

0.50m～3.20m。

（2）素填土①2：褐黃、褐灰色；松散～稍密；稍濕；以粉土為主，含少量雜質(zhì)及植

6

物根系，堆填時(shí)間在6～8年。該層場(chǎng)地內(nèi)局部地段分布，層厚1.00m～1.50m。

（3）粉土②：黃褐色；中密；濕～很濕。含鐵錳質(zhì)、氧化鐵和少許云母碎片。該層

在場(chǎng)地內(nèi)大部分地段分布，層厚0.90m～3.60m。

（4）細(xì)砂③：褐灰、褐青色，濕，松散；以長(zhǎng)石、石英顆粒為主，含少量云母粉和

暗色礦物，局部混有少量卵石及圓礫。呈層狀分布于卵石層頂板上，局部地段含泥較重，

層厚1.00m～2.80m。

（5）中砂④：褐灰、褐青色，濕～飽和，稍密；以長(zhǎng)石、石英為主，局部地段含少

量粘性土、圓礫。呈透鏡狀或?qū)訝罘植加诼咽瘜又?，層?.60m～2.30m。

（6）卵石⑤：褐青、褐灰色等，濕～飽和。主要以花崗巖、砂巖及石英巖等組成，

強(qiáng)～微風(fēng)化，一般粒徑2～10cm，大者可達(dá)15cm以上，隙間充填砂、圓礫等，局部地段

含少量粘性土；卵石層頂板埋深2.60m～6.70m，標(biāo)高505.12m～508.94m。據(jù)N120動(dòng)探試

驗(yàn)，卵石層密實(shí)度可分為松散、稍密、中密及密實(shí)四個(gè)亞層：

松散卵石⑤1：褐青色、褐灰色；排列十分混亂，絕大部份不接觸；卵石含量50～

55%，層厚1.40m～8.90m；

稍密