2019高考英語一輪選練習(xí)題Unit3Inventorsandinventions（含解析）新人教版選修8

選修8Unit3Inventorsandinventions李仕才Ⅰ.閱讀理解OliverandtheSeawigsbyPhilipReevePublishedbyOUPPressISBN:9780192734556Olivergrewupinafamilyofexplorers—buthisbiggestadventureisabouttobegin!Alongwithhisnewfriends,Olivergoesofftolookforhismissingparents.Ireallylikethisbookbecauseit’snotoneofthoseshortstoriesthatareovertooquickly,butalongishbookthattakestimetoread.Iremendthisbookandgiveit5stars.Ginny,age8LadyLydia:ReadMeaStorybyAnneLavisPublishedbyAHStockwellISBN:9780722343272LadyLydiaisoldandeccentric(古怪的),butsheisneverlonely.Shesharesherhomewithbatsandmiceandspiders,andalltheanimalsroundaboutareherfriendstoo.MylovelydaughterAlicelikesallthepicturesoftheanimalsinthisbook,butshedoesn’tlikeitwhenthepageshavelotsofwritingonwithnopictures.Aliceratesthisbook2outof5.Alice,age4IAmaWoollyHat(EARLYREADER)bySalmaKoraytemPublishedbyOrionBooksISBN:9781444008449EarlyReadersaresteppingstonesfrompicturebookstoreadingbooks.AblueEarlyReaderisperfectforsharingandreadingtogether.ThisbookmakesmysweetheartLuciefeellovelyinsideandthedrawingarenotasgoodbecausethecolorsarenotbrightlikeotherbooks.Lucieratesthisbook3outof5.Lucie,age4ARoyalFairytalebyInkRobinPublishedbyEgmontISBN:9781405268431SeeKateandWill’sromancedevelopfromtheirstudyingdaysatEdinburghthroughtotheirhappyweddingatBuckinghamMylittleangelAmylikesthebook.Thebestpartsaretheweddingandfireworksasshelikesfireworksandthecolorsonthepagearereallybright.Amyratesit4outof5.Amy,age41.Whichbookmightananimalloverprefer?A.ARoyalFairytale.B.OliverandtheSeawigs.C.LadyLydia:ReadMeaStory.D.IAmaWoollyHat(EARLYREADER).2.Wholikesbrightcolors?A.GinnyandAlice. B.LucieandAmy.C.GinnyandAmy. D.AliceandLucie.3.Whosebookshowsromanceandhappiness?A.PhilipReeve. B.AnneLavis.C.SalmaKoraytem. D.InkRobin.【文章大意】這篇文章為讀者推薦了一些書。1.C【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由LadyLydiaisoldandeccentric(古怪的),butsheisneverlonely.Shesharesherhomewithbatsandmiceandspiders,andalltheanimalsroundaboutareherfriendstoo.可知一位動(dòng)物愛好者更喜歡閱讀LadyLydia:ReadMeaStory.選C。3.D【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由SeeKateandWill’sromancedevelopfromtheirstudyingdaysatEdinburghthroughtotheirhappyweddingatBuckinghamPalacewiththeroyalfamily,eventhequeen,intow.可知InkRobin的書表現(xiàn)了快樂和浪漫，選D。二、完形填空I'msittingattheairportwatchingpeopleinthelastminutesbeforetheirlovedonesarriveordepart.Awomanisrunning,incirclestryingtogatherfamilymemberstogetherfora__1__.Whenthefinalmomentesbefore__2__，shewrapsherarmsaroundherson,givinghima__3__hugthatshouldprotecthimuntilhe__4__.Isitwithabookinmyhands,waitingmyturntoleave__5__becausetheonesIlovehaveadifferent__6__frommine.Ithinkofotherdeparturesandarrivals.I__7__seeingmydaughter.Iwrappedmyselfaroundherasifshe'dbeen__8__.Thatyearshewasinherfirstyearatuniversity,inghomeforthefirsttime.Todaymyflightistwohourslate.Whenmyflightis__9__called,Igathermybookandluggage.__10__thereisnoonetoseemeoff,Idonot__11__toseewhereIhaveefrom.__12__，Ithinkofmyhusbandatwork__13__ifIhaveleftyet.AsIheadtowardstheplane,Ifindmyself__14__yetanotherarrivalanddeparture.Thatyear,my91-year-oldgrandfatherdied.Afterreturningfromhisfuneral,Iarrivedattheairport__15__.Myhusbandofonlyayearwaswaitingatthegatetotakemeinhisarms.Becauseofmytears,__16__waslookingatus,butIdidn't__17__.Lifeneedstheimportant__18__allthetime.Iwishthatallthepeoplewhowentona__19__couldebacktofindsomeone__20__them.Ialsowishtheycouldleavewithsomeonetoseethemoff.【文章大意】作者在機(jī)場(chǎng)看到迎接與送行的場(chǎng)景，回憶起與女兒和丈夫的溫馨往事，意識(shí)到人生中需要?dú)g聚與離別這些重要的時(shí)刻。1．A.lectureB．goodbyeC．dinnerD．party答案與解析：B'結(jié)合上文中出現(xiàn)的“arriveordepart”和下文中的“thefinalmoment”可知，空處應(yīng)該是一個(gè)告別(goodbye)的場(chǎng)景，故選B。2．A.gatheringB．boardingC．a(chǎn)nnouncingD．landing答案與解析：B'根據(jù)語境可知，此處表示登機(jī)(boarding)前最后的時(shí)刻，故選B。3．A.powerfulB．gentleC．warmD．mon答案與解析：A'結(jié)合下文中的“protecthim”可知，母親在兒子登機(jī)前給他一個(gè)強(qiáng)有力的(powerful)擁抱，故選A。gentle“溫柔的”；warm“溫暖的”；mon“共同的，普遍的”。4．A.leavesB．survivesC．returnsD．recovers答案與解析：C'根據(jù)語境可知，快要登機(jī)的時(shí)候，母親給了兒子一個(gè)強(qiáng)有力的擁抱，自然是盼望兒子能一路平安并平安歸來，故選C。leave“離開”；survive“幸存，艱難渡過”；recover“恢復(fù)”。5．A.frightenedB．a(chǎn)nxiousC．relaxedD．a(chǎn)lone答案與解析：D'根據(jù)空后的“...becausetheonesIlovehaveadifferent'6'frommine.”和下文中的“thereisnoonetoseemeoff”可知，作者是一個(gè)人(alone)，沒有人來為她送行，所以選D。frightened“害怕的，受驚的”；anxious“焦慮的，渴望的”；relaxed“放松的”。6．A.scheduleB．a(chǎn)ttitudeC．positionD．target答案與解析：A'根據(jù)語境可知，作者一個(gè)人離開是因?yàn)樗鶒壑硕加胁煌娜粘贪才?。schedule“日程安排，計(jì)劃表”符合語境，故選A。7．A.imagineB．enjoyC．recallD．consider答案與解析：C'結(jié)合語境可知，作者回憶起(recall)女兒上大學(xué)第一次回家的往事，所以選C項(xiàng)。8．A.stolenB．cheatedC．lostD．punished答案與解析：C'根據(jù)語境可知，作者一把抱住女兒，好像她走失了很久。lost“丟失的，遺失的”符合語境。故選C。9．A.punctuallyB．finallyC．a(chǎn)bruptlyD．repeatedly答案與解析：B'結(jié)合語境可知，作者等待很久之后，所乘的航班終于(finally)通知登機(jī)了，故選B。punctually“準(zhǔn)時(shí)地”；abruptly“突然地”；repeatedly“反復(fù)地”。10．A.AlthoughB．WhileC．TillD．Since答案與解析：D'根據(jù)語境可知，“'10'thereisnoonetoseemeoff”和“Idonot'11'toseewhereIhaveefrom”是因果關(guān)系，所以空處應(yīng)用Since“因?yàn)椋热弧薄?1．A.slowdownB．getoffC．lookbackD．runaway答案與解析：C'既然沒有人來送行，作者不需要回頭張望(lookback)。slowdown“放慢，減速”；getoff“下車，離開”；runaway“突然離開，逃離”。12．A.HoweverB．BesidesC．InsteadD．Therefore答案與解析：C'結(jié)合語境可知，作者沒有回頭張望，相反地，作者想的是，還在上班的丈夫不知道作者是否已經(jīng)離開。故選C項(xiàng)。13．A.doubtingB．a(chǎn)skingC．predictingD．wondering答案與解析：D'參見上題解析。wonderif...“不知道是否……”符合語境，故選D。14．A.rememberingB．forgettingC．planningD．rejecting答案與解析：A'結(jié)合語境可知，作者發(fā)現(xiàn)自己記得(remembering)另一件以前的迎接與送行，故選A。15．A.shoutingB．cryingC．laughingD．whispering答案與解析：B'結(jié)合下文中的“Becauseofmytears”可知，此處應(yīng)用crying。shout“大喊，喊叫”；laugh“大笑，笑”；whisper“低語，悄聲說”。16．A.someoneB．everyoneC．noneD．a(chǎn)nyone答案與解析：B'此處指的是，因?yàn)樽髡呖奁?，每個(gè)人(everyone)都在看著作者和她的丈夫。故選B。17．A.careB．respondC．scoldD．flee答案與解析：A'雖然大家都在看，但是作者并不在意(care)，故選A。respond“回復(fù)，作出反應(yīng)”；scold“訓(xùn)斥，責(zé)罵”；flee“逃離”。18．A.arrivalB．chanceC．departureD．moment答案與解析：D'根據(jù)語境可知，人生中一直需要這樣重要的時(shí)刻(moment)，故選D。arrival“到達(dá)”；chance“機(jī)會(huì)”；departure“離開”。19．A.journeyB．dietC．picnicD．holiday答案與解析：A'根據(jù)語境可知，作者希望所有出行(journey)的人回來時(shí)都能看到有人在等待(waitingfor)他們。故選A。20．A.worryingaboutB．smilingatC．talkingofD．waitingfor答案與解析：D'參見上題解析。三、七選五ThebookABigFatCrisis:TheHiddenForcesBehindObesityandHowWeCanEndItbyDeborahCohen,aseniornaturalscientist,isverypopularnow.1Butaccordingtothisbook,thefollowingaresomemisunderstandingsofobesityorbeingoverweight.1.Ifyou’reobese,blameyourgenes.

2Yet,between1980and2000,thenumberofAmericanswhoareobesehasdoubled—tooquicklyforgeneticfactorstoberesponsible.Atrestaurants,adollarputsmorecaloriesonourplatesthaneverbefore,becauserestaurantmealsusuallyhavemorecaloriesthanwhatweprepareathome,sopeoplewhoeatoutmorefrequentlyhavehigherratesofobesitythanthosewhoeatoutless.2.Ifyou’reobese,youlackselfcontrol.Researchshowsthatifwearefacedwithtoomuchinformation,wehaveatendencytomakepoorchoicesondiet.3Eventhemostvigilant(警覺的)peoplemaynotbegoodcontrollersofthemselves.3.4AlthoughtheUSDepartmentofAgricultureestimatesthatfewerthan5percentofAmericansliveinthe＂fooddeserts＂,about65percentofthenation’spopulationisobese.Formostofus,obesityisnotrelatedtoaccesstomorefreshfruitsandvegetables,buttothechoiceswemakeinsupermarkets.4.Theproblemisnotthatweeattoomuch,butthatwedon’texercise.MichelleObama’s＂Let’sMove＂campaignisbasedontheideathatifkidsexercisemore,childhoodobesityrateswilldecrease.5A.Lackofaccesstofreshfruitsandvegetablesisacauseofobesity.B.Obesityrateshaveincreased.C.Freshfruitsandvegetableswechooseinasupermarketarerelatedtoobesity.D.Buttherewasnoobviousdecreaseinphysicalactivitylevelsasobesityratesclimbedinthe1980sand

1990s.E.Peopleholddifferentviewsonobesity.F.Peoplebenefitalotfromphysicalactivities.G.Ourworldhasbeesorichinfoodthatwecanbeledtoconsumetoomuchinwayswecan’tunderstand.【語篇解讀】肥胖是現(xiàn)代社會(huì)的主要問題之一。DeborahCohen的ABigFatCrisis:TheHiddenForcesBehindObesityandHowWeCanEndIt一書中，作者介紹了人們對(duì)肥胖問題的幾種誤解。1.E【解析】根據(jù)下句由轉(zhuǎn)折意義的內(nèi)容＂Butaccordingtothisbook,thefollowingaresomemisunderstandingsofobesityorbeingoverweight.＂（但該書認(rèn)為下面幾點(diǎn)是關(guān)于肥胖的幾點(diǎn)誤解）可知，人們對(duì)肥胖問題觀點(diǎn)不一，故E項(xiàng)正確。

2.B【解析】根據(jù)下句內(nèi)容＂Yet,between1980and2000,thenumberofAmericanswhoareobesehasdoubled—tooquicklyforgeneticfactorstoberesponsible.＂（然而，在1980年到2000年，美國(guó)肥胖的人數(shù)就翻了一番。該速度太快，可見肥胖并非遺傳因素所致）可知，此處表示＂肥胖比例有所增加，故B項(xiàng)正確。

3.G【解析】根據(jù)上句＂Researchshowsthatifwearefacedwithtoomuchinformation,wehaveatendencytomakepoorchoicesondiet.＂（研究表明，如果我們面臨太多信息，我們很可能會(huì)就節(jié)食作出糟糕的選擇）可知，該句應(yīng)表示＂我們現(xiàn)在的食物如此豐富以致于我們會(huì)被引導(dǎo)以自己難以想象的方式去消耗食物＂，故選G項(xiàng)。

5.D【解析】根據(jù)下句＂althoughadropinworkrelatedphysicalactivitymayexplainupto100fewercaloriesburned,leisurephysicalactivityappearstohaveincreased.＂（盡管跟工作相關(guān)的體力活動(dòng)減少導(dǎo)致人們少燃燒多達(dá)100卡路里，但休閑體力活動(dòng)似乎有所增加）可知，在二十世紀(jì)八十年代和九十年代，人們的體力活動(dòng)并未明顯減少，故選D項(xiàng)。四、短文改錯(cuò)ThedaybeforeMother'sDay，everybodyaroundmewastalkingaboutwhatwasmostsuitablegifttheywouldbuyfortheirmothers.Buyingflowerswerewhatmoststudentswoulddo.However，Iwantedtodosomethingdifferently.AsthenIlivedinschoolandcouldn'tgobackhomeonMother'sDay，soIdecidedtocallherandsenthermybestwishes.IsearchedtheInternetforsuggestions，whatwereveryuseful，andIreaditcarefully.WhenIcalledmymother，however，Ihadthefeelthatsomeoneelse'swordswouldhavenomeaningtoher.SoIgaveinandjusttoldmymotherIlovedherandthankedhertoallshehaddoneforme.【答案】ThedaybeforeMother'sDay，everybodyaroundmewastalkingaboutwhatwaseq\o(\s\up8(∧),the)mostsuitablegifttheywouldbuyfortheirmothers.Buyingflowerseq\f(were,was)whatmoststudentswoulddo.However，Iwantedtodosomethingeq\