商務(wù)英語(yǔ)閱讀（第3冊(cè)）（第二版）課件 Unit 1 International Organizaitons

商務(wù)英語(yǔ)閱讀3UNIT1InternationalOrganizationsLearningObjectivesLearnaboutmajorinternationalorganizationsintheworld.Understandtherolesinternationalorganizationsplayinpromotingcooperation.UnderstandtheroleofChinainpromotingaglobalizedandinclusiveworld.Pondertheapproachtostrengthenandimproveinternationalorganizations.CONTENTS01.TextA02.

TextB03.ChineseValuesRegionalGrowth,Stability,IntegrationSetforBoostTextAWarmingupDoyouknowanyinternationalorganizations?Whatarethey?Pleaseintroduceoneinternationalorganizationyou’refamiliarwith，especiallyaboutitsheadquarter,aim,functionandstructure.Listatleast3abbreviationsofthenameofinternationalorganizationsforyourclassmatestoguessthefullname.WordsandExpressionssummit

n.animportantmeetingorsetofmeetingsbetweentheleadersofseveralgovernments峰會(huì)(CET6;TEM8)ThePresidentwillmeetotherOPECleadersatnextweek’seconomicsummit.Theleadersareexpectedtodiscussclimatechangeatthesummit.Thesummitconcludedwithajointstatementoneconomiccooperation.Securitymeasuresweretightenedaheadoftheinternationalsummit.WordsandExpressions2.milestonen.averyimportanteventinthedevelopmentofsomething里程碑(CET6;GRE)Thediscoveryofpenicillinwasamajormilestoneinthehistoryofmedicine.Thecompanycelebratedtheconstructionofitsthousandthvehicleasasignificantmilestone.Thecompletionoftheprojectmarkedasignificantmilestoneinthedevelopmentofrenewableenergy.WordsandExpressions3.mechanism

n.asystemthatisintendedtoachievesomethingordealwithaproblem機(jī)制(CET6;TEM8)Themechanismofactionofthenewdrugisstillunderinvestigation.Researchersstudiedtheregulatorymechanismscontrollinggeneexpression.Theinternationaltradeagreementincludesmechanismsforresolvingdisputes.WordsandExpressions4.hundredfold

adv.havingahundredtimesasmanyorasmuch百倍地Researchersobservedahundredfoldincreaseinefficiencywiththenewsolarpaneldesign.Thepopulationofthecitygrewahundredfoldduringtheindustrialrevolution.Thecompany’sprofitsincreasedahundredfoldoverthelastdecade.WordsandExpressions5.all-round

adj.ineveryway全面的Hisperformancewaspraisedforitsall-roundexcellence.Theathlete’strainingprogramfocusesondevelopingall-roundfitnessandstrengthThecompanyisknownforprovidingall-roundsupporttoitsemployees.WordsandExpressions6.humanitarian

adj.concernedwithimprovingbadlivingconditionsandpreventingunfairtreatmentofpeople人道主義的(CET6;TEM8)Theorganizationprovideshumanitarianaidtorefugeesinwar-tornregions.Shereceivedahumanitarianawardforherworkinimprovingaccesstocleanwaterindevelopingcountries.Thegovernmentannouncedahumanitarianceasefiretoallowforthesafeevacuationofcivilians.WordsandExpressions7.reaffirm

v.toformallystateanopinion,belief,orintentionagain,especiallywhensomeonehasquestionedyouorexpressedadoubt重申ThePresidentreaffirmedthecountry’scommitmenttoenvironmentalprotectioninhislatestaddress.Thetreatyaimstoreaffirmtheprinciplesofinternationallawgoverningarmedconflicts.TheboardofdirectorsvotedunanimouslytoreaffirmtheirsupportfortheCEO’sstrategicplan.WordsandExpressions8.extremism

n.pinions,ideas,andactionsthatmostpeoplethinkareunreasonableandunacceptable極端主義(TEM8)Governmentsaroundtheworldareincreasinglyconcernedabouttheriseofextremismanditsimpactonglobalsecurity.Theuniversitylaunchedaprogramtocounterextremismthrougheducationandcommunityengagement.Socialmediaplatformsareunderpressuretoremovecontentthatpromotesextremismandviolence.WordsandExpressions9.manifestation

n.averyclearsignthataparticularsituationorfeelingexists顯示；表明,表現(xiàn)；顯現(xiàn)(TEM8)Povertyandinequalityareoftencitedasmanifestationsofdeepersystemicissuesinsociety.Theartist’slatestcollectionisamanifestationofherreflectionsonculturalidentityandglobalization.Theriseinhealthcarecostsisadirectmanifestationofinefficienciesinthecurrentsystem.WordsandExpressions10.logistics

n.theprocessofplanningandorganizingtomakesurethatresourcesareintheplaceswheretheyareneeded,sothatanactivityorprocesshappenseffectively物流(TEM8)Thelogisticsindustryplaysacriticalroleinensuringtimelydeliveryofgoodsacrossglobalmarkets.Effectivelogisticsmanagementisessentialforreducingcostsandimprovingcustomersatisfaction.Thecompanyisinvestinginstate-of-the-artlogisticsinfrastructuretostreamlineitssupplychainoperations.WordsandExpressions11.feasibility

n.thepossibilitythatcanbemade,done,orachieved,orisreasonable可行性(CET6;GRE)Thefeasibilitystudyconcludedthattheprojectwaseconomicallyviabledespiteinitialskepticism.Engineersareassessingthefeasibilityofbuildingabridgeacrosstheriverundercurrentenvironmentalregulations.Thefeasibilityofimplementinguniversalhealthcareremainsatopicofdebateamongpolicymakers.WordsandExpressions12.capability

n.theabilityorpowertodosomething能力(CET6;TEM8)Thenewsoftwareupdateenhancesthesmartphone’scapabilities,improvinguserexperience.Companiesareinvestinginworkforcedevelopmenttobuildthenecessarycapabilitiesfordigitaltransformation.WordsandExpressions13.turmoil

n.astateofconfusion,excitement,oranxiety混亂，騷亂，動(dòng)亂(TEM8;GRE)Thecountryfacespoliticalturmoilfollowingthedisputedelectionresults.Economicturmoilintheregionhasledtowidespreadunemploymentandsocialunrest.Thecompany’sstockpriceplummetedamidfinancialturmoilinthemarkets.WordsandExpressions14.trajectoryadj.thecurvedpathofanobjectthathasbeenfiredorthrownthroughtheair;heeventsthathappenduringaperiodoftime,whichoftenleadtoaparticularaimorresult軌道，軌跡(GRE)Thegovernment’sneweconomicpoliciesaimtoalterthetrajectoryofinflationbytheendofthefiscalyear.HercareertrajectorytookanunexpectedturnaftershecompletedherPhD.Thesatellite’strajectorywascarefullycalculatedtoensureitenteredorbitsuccessfully.WordsandExpressions15.impetus

n.aninfluencethatmakessomethinghappenormakesithappenmorequickly動(dòng)力；推動(dòng)；促進(jìn)；刺激(TEM8)Thediscoveryofoilreservesprovidedtheeconomicimpetusforthecountry’srapiddevelopment.Publicoutcryovertheincidentservedastheimpetusforstricterregulationsonfoodsafety.Thenewtaxincentivesprovidedtheimpetusforsmallbusinessestoexpandtheiroperations.WordsandExpressions16.multifacetedadj.havingmanypartsorsides多方面的，多元的Addressingclimatechangerequiresamultifacetedapproachinvolvinggovernments,businesses,andindividuals.Thehealthcarereformproposaladdressesthemultifacetedchallengesofaccessibility,affordability,andqualityofcare.Theartist’sworkiscelebratedforitsmultifacetedexplorationofidentityandculture.StructuralAnalysisPara.MainTopicsPara.1-3IntroductionandSignificanceoftheSummit.Para.4-6EconomicCooperation.Para.7-8CulturalandHumanitarianCooperation.Para.7-8Thesummitwillbeanimportanteventforfurtherdevelopment.Para.9-10SecurityCooperation.Para.11-12InfrastructureandConnectivity.Para.13-15DigitalSilkRoadandTechnologicalCooperation.Para.16ConclusionandFutureProspects.NotesonTextAGlobalDevelopmentInitiative:TheGlobalDevelopmentInitiative(GDI),proposedbyChinaattheGeneralDebateofthe76thSessionoftheUnitedNationsGeneralAssemblyin2021,aimstosteerglobaldevelopmenttowardanewstageofbalanced,coordinatedandinclusivegrowth.全球發(fā)展倡議，中國(guó)在2021年第76屆聯(lián)合國(guó)大會(huì)一般性辯論中提出的全球發(fā)展倡議，旨在引導(dǎo)全球發(fā)展進(jìn)入平衡、協(xié)調(diào)和包容增長(zhǎng)的新階段。NotesonTextA2.GlobalSecurityInitiative:ChinesePresidentXiJinpingproposedaGlobalSecurityInitiativeonApril21inaspeechdeliveredviavideolinkattheopeningceremonyoftheBoaoForumforAsiaAnnualConference2022.Xistressedtheimportanceofupholdingavisionofcommon,comprehensive,cooperativeandsustainablesecurity,respectingthesovereigntyandterritorialintegrityofallcountries,andadheringtonon-interferenceininternalaffairs.全球安全倡議，這一倡議強(qiáng)調(diào)，必須堅(jiān)持共同、綜合、合作、可持續(xù)的安全觀，尊重各國(guó)主權(quán)和領(lǐng)土完整，堅(jiān)持不干涉內(nèi)政。Discussion1.DuringtheChina-CentralAsiaSummit,tobeheldinXi’anin2023,thesixheadsofstatewillexchangeviewsonvariousimportantissues.Whataretheissuestobediscussedaccordingtotheessay?2.PleasegiveabriefintroductiontoSCO.3.PleaseillustratetheessentialeconomicandgeographicroleofUzbekistan.4.WhyhasCentralAsiaanimportantroleinthedevelopmentoftheDigitalSilkRoad?EssentialsonAIIBTextBWordsandExpressionsdesignatev.togiveanassignmentto(aperson)toapost,orassignataskto(aperson)指定；指派(CET6;TEM8).Thereareeffortsunderwaytodesignatethebridgeahistoriclandmark.WordsandExpressionsveterann.anexperiencedpersonwhohasbeenthroughmanybattles;someonewhohasgivenlongservice老兵；老手；富有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的人(CET4;TEM8)...AnnetteMichelson,theveterancriticandprofessorofcinemastudiesatNewYorkUniversity.WordsandExpressionsalleviatev.tomakeeasier減輕，緩和(GRE;TEM8)Thiswouldcertainlyalleviateunemploymentintheshortrun.WordsandExpressionsrestructurev.torestructureanorganizationorsystemmeanstochangethewayitisorganized,usuallyinordertomakeitworkmoreeffectively.重新建構(gòu)Thecompanyistolayoff1,520workersaspartofarestructuring.WordsandExpressionsinitiativen.Aninitiativeisanimportantactorstatementthatisintendedtosolveaproblem.(重要的)法案;倡議(CET6;TEM8)Localinitiativestohelpyoungpeoplehavebeeninadequate..WordsandExpressionsenvisionv.toimagine;conceiveof;seeinone’smind想象，預(yù)想(GRE;TEM8)Inthefutureweenvisionafederationofcompanies.WordsandExpressionsmodusoperandin.anunvaryingorhabitualmethodorprocedure(獨(dú)特的)做法Anexampleofhermodusoperandiwasprovidedduringaterseexchangewiththedefendant.WordsandExpressionsmitigationn.theactionoflesseninginseverityorintensity減輕；緩和Theprosecutortoldthejudgeinmitigationthattheoffenceshadbeenatthelowerendofthescale.WordsandExpressionsadaptationn.theprocessofadaptingtosomething(suchasenvironmentalconditions)適應(yīng)；改編(CET6;TEM8)Mostlivingcreaturesarecapableofadaptationwhencompelledtodoso.WordsandExpressionstacklev.Ifyoutackleadifficultproblemortask,youdealwithitinaverydeterminedorefficientway.處理(CET6;TEM8)Thefirstreasontotackletheseproblemsistosavechildren’slives.WordsandExpressionsdenominatev.toassignanameortitleto為…命名；以…標(biāo)價(jià)(TEM8)WillChina’scurrencybeincreasinglyusedtosettletradeinAsiaand,whoknows,maybeeventodenominatecommodities?StructuralAnalysisPartIWhatisAIIBChina-ledfinancialinstitutionSupportinfrastructureprojectsHeadquarter,authorizedcapitalStructuralAnalysisPartIIGovernorofAIIBappointedasthefirstpresidentofAIIBonAugust24,2015enrolledintheMOFtoworkfortheExecutiveDirector’sOfficeattheWBappointedasvicepresidentofADBdesignatedaschairmanoftheboardofsupervisorsofChinaInvestmentCorp.becamechairmanofChinaInternationalCapitalCorp.Ltd.(CICC)in2013StructuralAnalysisPartIIGovernorofAIIBledthepreparationworkmadegreatcontributiontotheexpansionofthemembershipworkedhardtoalleviatepovertycalledfortheriseofdevelopingcountriesineconomicglobalizationStructuralAnalysisPartIIIAreasofinvestmentStructuralAnalysisPartIVSignificancehelppushforwardprojectsrelatedtothe“BeltandRoad”initiativesupportinfrastructureprojectspromoteinterconnectivityandeconomicintegrationNotesonTextBBrettonWoodsInstitution:TheBrettonWoodsInstitutionsaretheWorldBank,andtheInternationalMonetaryFund(IMF).Theyweresetupatameetingof43countriesinBrettonWoods,NewHampshire,USAinJuly1944.Theiraimsweretohelprebuildtheshatteredpostwareconomyandtopromoteinternationaleconomiccooperation.TheoriginalBrettonWoodsagreementalsoincludedplansforanInternationalTradeOrganization(ITO)buttheselaydormantuntiltheWorldTradeOrganization(WTO)wascreatedintheearly1990s.布雷頓森林機(jī)構(gòu)，包括世界銀行和國(guó)際貨幣基金組織。它們是1944年7月在美國(guó)新罕布什爾州布雷頓森林舉行的43個(gè)國(guó)家的會(huì)議上成立的其目標(biāo)是幫助重建戰(zhàn)后支離破碎的經(jīng)濟(jì)，并促進(jìn)國(guó)際經(jīng)濟(jì)合作。NotesonTextB2.AsianDevelopmentBank:aregionaldevelopmentbankestablishedon19December1966，aninternationaldevelopmentfinanceinstitutiondedicatedtoreducingpovertyinAsiaandthePacificthroughloans,grantsandresearch.亞洲開(kāi)發(fā)銀行，1966年12月19日成立的一家區(qū)域開(kāi)發(fā)銀行，是一家致力于通過(guò)貸款、贈(zèng)款和研究減少亞洲及太平洋貧困的國(guó)際發(fā)展金融機(jī)構(gòu)。NotesonTextB3.MultilateralDevelopmentBank：afinancialinstitutionthathasbeenestablished(orchartered)bymorethanonecountry,andhencearesubjectsofinternationallaw.Itsownersorshareholdersaregenerallynationalgovernments,althoughotherinternationalinstitutionsandotherorganizationsoccasionallyfigureasshareholders.ThemostprominentIFIsarecreationsofmultiplenations,althoughsomebilateralfinancialinstitutions(createdbytwocountries)existandaretechnicallyIFIs.ThebestknownIFIswereestablishedafterWorldWarIItoassistinthereconstruction