大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)考試模擬試卷八（帶答案）

大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)考試模擬試卷八

（總分：710.00,做題時(shí)間：130分鐘）

PartIWriting（總題數(shù):1,分?jǐn)?shù)：0.00）

1.Directions:Writeashortessaybasedonthepicturebelow.Youshouldstart

youressaywithabriefaccountofAComplaintAboutBadService,andthengiveyour

suggestionsaboutthemeasuresthatcanbetaken.Youshouldwriteatleast150

wordsbutnomorethan200words.

（分?jǐn)?shù)：106.50）

正確答案：（

AComplaintAboutBadService

Jan.26,2016

DearSirorMadam,

Iamwritingtoyoutocomplainabouttheserviceofyourlocalexpress,which

turnedmytriplastweekintoanightmare.Themajorproblemsareasfollows.Inthe

firstplace,theso-called"luxurycar"beforemewasnotingoodcondition.Inthe

secondplace,theonlytrainattendantavailablewasthemostunhelpfulpersont

haveeverseen.WorstofallzwhenthetrainfinallyarrivedinLondon,itwassixhours

late.

Ithinkseveralmeasuresshouldbetakentosolvetheseproblems.First,the

carsofyourtrainneedmaintenanceonregularbasis.Second,thetrainattendants

needtrainingonhowtomakethetripwithyourtrainmorepleasantly.Lastbutnot

least,youalsohavetomakeefforttomakesureyourtrainsleaveandarriveontime.

Itismysincerehopethattheseproblemsabovewillbesolvedassoonas

possible.I'mlookingforwardtoyourearlyreply,Thanksforyourtimeand

consideration.

Yourssincerely,

LiMing

）

解析：這是一篇以投訴惡劣服務(wù)為主題的圖畫(huà)式作文。文章分為三段：第

一段是點(diǎn)出了自己的目的是投訴，并說(shuō)明了事件的過(guò)程；第二段是提出了自己認(rèn)

為有效的三個(gè)措施；第三段表達(dá)自己對(duì)問(wèn)題得以解決的期待C

對(duì)于惡劣服務(wù)的投訴信

尊敬的先生/女士：

我寫(xiě)信是要投訴你們當(dāng)?shù)氐目燔?chē)，上周把我的旅行變成了一場(chǎng)噩夢(mèng)。主要

問(wèn)題如下：首先，我面前所謂的“豪華車(chē)廂”有損壞。其次，僅有的一個(gè)列車(chē)員

是我遇到過(guò)的最不愿幫助人的人了。最糟糕的是，當(dāng)火車(chē)最終到達(dá)倫敦的時(shí)候,

晚點(diǎn)了6個(gè)小時(shí)。

我認(rèn)為應(yīng)該采取一些措施來(lái)解決問(wèn)題。第一，火車(chē)的車(chē)廂需要定期維修。

第二，列車(chē)服務(wù)員需要進(jìn)行培訓(xùn)，學(xué)習(xí)如何讓乘你們車(chē)的旅客旅行更愉快。最后，

你們還必須努力確?；疖?chē)準(zhǔn)點(diǎn)出發(fā)和到達(dá)。

我衷心希望以上問(wèn)題能盡快得到解決。期望得到你盡快的回復(fù)。謝謝你抽

時(shí)間閱讀我的投訴。

李明

PartIIListeningComprehension（總題數(shù)：0,分?jǐn)?shù)：0.00）

SectionA（總題數(shù)：8,分?jǐn)?shù)：0.00）

.Questions1to4arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

1.（分?jǐn)?shù)：28.40）

A.Gotosummercamp.

B.Takeasummervacation.

C.Stayathome.

D.Earnsomemoney.V

解析：［聽(tīng)力原文］

M;Hey,anyideaofwhattodothissummervacation?Theredoesn'tseemto

beanyjobsavailable.

W:Whydon'tyoutryhouse-sitting?LastsummermyfriendMarsha

house-satfortheHowardswhentheywentawayonvacation.Mr.Howardhired

Marshatostayintheirhousebecausehedidn'twanttoleaveitempty.

M:YoumeantheHowardspaidMarshajusttoliveintheirhouse?

W:Itwasn'tthateasy.Shehadtomowthelawnandwaterthehouseplants.

AndwhenErichouse-satforDr.Cohen,hehadtotakecareofherpets.

M:House-sittingsoundslikeagoodjob.Iguessitisalittlelikebaby-sitting—

exceptyoutakecareofahouseinsteadofchildren.

W:Thestudentemploymentofficestillhasafewjobsposted.

M:DoIjusthavetofilloutanapplication?

W:MargaretandErichadtheinterviewwiththehomeownersandprovided

threereferenceseach.

M:Thatseemslikealotoftroubleforasummerjob.

W:Well,thehomeownerswantsomeguaranteethattheycantrustthe

house-sitter.Youknowtheywanttomakesureyou'renotthetypewho'llthrowwild

partiesintheirhouse,ormoveagroupoffriendsinwithyou.

M:House-sitterswhodothatsortofthingprobablyaren'tpaidthen.

W:Usuallythey'repaidanywayjustbecausethehomeownersdon'twantto

makeafuss.Butifthehomeownerreportedit,thenthehouse-sitterwouldn'tbe

abletogetanotherjob.Sowhydon'tyouapply?

M:Yeah,IthinkIwill.

Whatdoesthemanplantodothissummer?

推理題。男士問(wèn)女士暑假有沒(méi)有工作可做。可見(jiàn)他暑假想要打工掙錢(qián)。

.Questions5to8arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

5.（分?jǐn)?shù)：28.40）

A.Heistootired.

B.Hedoesn'tknowabouttheassignment.

C.PCgamestakeuptoomuchofhistime.J

D.Hethinksassignmentboringandtedious.

解析：［聽(tīng)力原文］

W:Hi,Jack,haveyoufinishedProfessorSmith'sassignment?

M:Theassignment?No,notyet.

W:Buttomorrow'sthedeadline.

M:Anna,takeiteasy.Icanalwayspullittogetherinnotime.

W:Hey,don'tyouthinkplayingPCgamestakesuptoomuchofyourtime?

M:Oh,computergamesrepresentthelatesttechnology.Youcan'tsimply

ignorethem.

W:Iknow.Youcanplayasmuchasyoulikeduringtheholiday,butnotnow.

It'saffectingyourstudies.

M:It'snot.IfeelI'mgettingsmarterdaybyday,andmyreactiontimeismuch

quicker.

W:Youonlybecomealiveandalertatthosewargames.Inclass,Isawyou

dozeoff.

M:It'snotmyfault.Thetextbooksareboringandthelecturesaretedious.I

dislikethoseteacherswholovetocalltheroll.Butthegamesareinteresting,

challengingandcanbroadenmymindaswell.

W:Ididn'tsaythegamesareallbad,butyoucan'tplaygamesallthetime.

Haveyoueverconsideredwhatyouwilldoifyoufailtheexams?

M:Well...

W:Iknowit'snoteasytoresistthetemptation,butself-disciplineisessential

toone'ssuccess.It'spartofone'scharacter.Lookatyourselfinthemirror.Youlook

paleandhaggard.See,youhavenothingbuthalfalife.

M:Really?Oh,heavens!

Whydoesn'tJackfinishhisassignment?

細(xì)節(jié)題。Jack沒(méi)有完成作業(yè)是因?yàn)樗蟛糠謺r(shí)間都用來(lái)玩電腦游戲了。

SectionB（總題數(shù)：7,分?jǐn)?shù)：0.00）

.Questions9to11arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

1.（分?jǐn)?shù)：21.30）

A.Menandwomenbothspendalotoftimeathome.

B.Themanearnsthemoneyandpaysthebills.J

C.Womenathomehavetoobeytheirhusbandsunconditionally.

D.Womenarenotallowedtoworkoutside.

解析：［聽(tīng)力原文］

Inthetraditionalmarriage,themanworkedatajobtoearnmoneyforthe

family.Hepaidthebillsandmademostofthedecisions.Hewasthebossofthe

family.Thewomanseldomworkedawayfromthehouse.Shestayedathometocare

forthechildrenandherhusband.Herjobathomewasveryimportant.

Inrecentyears,manycouplescontinuetohaveatraditionalrelationshipof

thekind.Themanhasajobandearnsthemoneyforthefamily.Thewomanstaysat

homeandcaresforthechildrenandthehouse.ManyAmericansarehappywiththe

kindofmarriage.ButsomeotherAmericanshaveadifferentimpressionofmarriage

andfamilyresponsibilities.

Therearetwoimportantdifferencesinmaleandfemalerolesnow.Oneis

thatbothmenandwomenhavemanymorechoices.Theymaychoosetomarryorto

staysingle.Theymaychoosetoworkorstayathome.Bothmenandwomenmay

chooserolesthatarecomfortableforthem.

Aseconddifferenceinmaleandfemalerolesisthatwithinmarriagemany

decisionsandresponsibilitiesareshared.Thehusbandandwifemaychoosetohave

children,ortheymaynot.Iftheyhavechildren,themantakescareofthemsomeof

thetime,allofthetimeornotatall.Thewomanmaywanttostayathomeandtake

careofthechildren.Orshemaywanttogotowork.Menandwomennowdecide

thesethingstogetherinamarriage.Manymarriedpeoplenowsharethesedecisions

andtheresponsibilitiesoftheirfamilies.

Whatcanwelearnabouttraditionalmarriageaccordingtothepassage?

細(xì)節(jié)題。文章開(kāi)頭說(shuō)的是傳統(tǒng)婚姻中的男女角色，男性一般在外工作賺錢(qián)養(yǎng)

家，大部分的決定都是由男的來(lái)做。而女性則是“seldomworkedawayfromthe

house"，但并不是說(shuō)沒(méi)有在外工作的女性。文中也沒(méi)有提到女性對(duì)丈夫是無(wú)條件

地服從。

.Questions12to15arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

4.（分?jǐn)?shù)：28.40）

A.Theappealsofadvertising.

B.People'sattitudetowardsadvertising.

C.Theillusivenessofadvertising.

D.Thepositiveandnegativeaspectsofadvertising.V

解析：［聽(tīng)力原文］

Theappealofadvertisngtobuyingmotivescanhavebothnegativeand

positiveeffects.Consumersmaybeconvincedtobuyaproductofpoorqualityor

highpricebecauseofanadvertisement.Forexample,someadvertisershave

appealedtopeople'sdesireforbetterfueleconomyfortheircarsbyadvertising

automotiveproductsthatimprovegasolinemileage.Someoftheproductswork.

Othersareworthlessandawasteofconsumers'money.

Sometimesadvertisingsisintentionallymisleading.Afewyearsagoabrandof

breadwasofferedtodieterswiththemessagethattherewerefewercaloriesin

everyslice.Itturnedoutthatthebreadwasnotdietetic,butjustregularbread.

Therewerefewercaloriesbecauseitwasslicedverythin,buttherewerethesame

numberofcaloriesineveryloaf.

Onthepositiveside,emotionalappealsmayrespondtoaconsumer'sreal

concernsoffireinsurance.Fireinsurancemaybesoldbyappealingtofearofloss.

Butfearoflossistherealreasonforfireinsurance.Thesecurityofknowingthat

propertyisprotectedbyinsurancemakesthepurchaseoffireinsurancea

worthwhileinvestmentformostpeople.Ifconsumersconsiderthequalityofthe

insuranceplansaswellasthemessageintheadvertisements,theywillbenefitfrom

theadvertising.

Eachconsumermustevaluatehisorherownsituation.Arethebenefitsofthe

productimportantenoughtojustifybuyingit?Advertisingisintendedtoappealto

consumers,butitdoesnotforcethemtobuytheproduct.Consumersstillcontrol

thefinalbuyingdecision.

Whatisthispassagemainlyabout?

主旨題。文章的總體脈絡(luò)很清晰，開(kāi)頭先總說(shuō)廣告對(duì)消費(fèi)者有正面和負(fù)面的

影響。后面則分兩部分對(duì)這兩方面進(jìn)行闡述，最后再總結(jié)。所以，文章的主要內(nèi)

容就是關(guān)于廣告的正反兩方面的影響。

SectionC(總題數(shù)：10,分?jǐn)?shù):0.00)

.Nowlistentothefollowingrecordingandanswerquestions16to19.

1.(分?jǐn)?shù)：56.80)

A.GreatchangesinmodemBritishmanners.

B.Anti-socialactivitiesofsomeyoungpeople.J

C.ThebookcalledTheDoneThing3.

0.Generationgap.

解析：［聽(tīng)力原文］

(I):Helloandwelcometoourtalkshow.Inthenextfewminuteswe'regoing

tobetalkingaboutmodemmanners.It'sanargumentthat,onthefaceofit,has

beengoingonbetweenthegenerations,forhundredsofgenerations.Olderpeople

canoftenbeheardsayingtheyouthoftodaylackthebasicsingoodbehaviorand

withnewspapersandthemediafocusingontheantisocialactivitiesofaminorityof

youngpeople,it'seasyforthemtobebrandedwithanegativestereotype.Soare

Britishmannersreallygettingworse?WithmetodayhereisSimonFanshawe,the

authorofthebookcalled"TheDoneThing"allaboutmodernBritishmanners.Simon,

doyouthinkthattheBritishmannersarereallygettingworse?

(S):Well,let'sfirstseewhatpeoplethinkaboutit.I'vecometoatypicalUK

highstreetonaweekdaytotalktotheyoungmumsanddads,businesspeople,

elderlypeopleandstudentsandIthengetaninterestingmixofviews.

Somethinkthatourmannersaregettingbetterandsomethinktheyare

gettingreallyworsebecausethemoralstandardsaredeclininggenerally.However,

morethinkgenerallyinbusesandtrainspeople'smannershaveimprovedinmany

ways.Andtheyalsothinkthatthereareculturaldifferences,soonemightmeet

someonefromadifferentculturewitharatherdifferentsetofmanners.So,yousee

itishoweveraquestionofindividualtaste.Differentpeoplehavedifferentopinions

onthisissue.

(I):OK,butistheresomecommonground?Orwhatarethebasicdosand

don'ts?

(S):Ithinkoneofthethingsconfusingforpeopleiswhentheycomehere

thereappearstobehundredsandhundredsofrules,hundredsofthingsyoushould

andshouldn'tdo.Andthetruthofitisthatmostofthemareaboutclass.Andlotsof

themaretrip-wiresactuallyforpeoplewhodon'tknowthem.SowhatItriedtodoin

mybookwastakeitbacktothefirstprincipleandsaylook-thereareanthropological

reasonswhywehavecertainkindsofmanners.So,I'llgiveyouaverygoodexample,

inBritishtherearesortoftwowaysofholdingaknife,verybroadly.Andbroadly

speakingthemiddle-classesholditwiththeindexfingeronthetop,grippedinthe

hand.Andworking-classpeopleholditlikeapen.Entirelyaclassdistinctionand

peoplemercilesslyexploititiftheywantto.Thetruthofitis,theonewaynottohold

aknifeatthetable,isclaspedinyourfist,raisedasiftokillyourguest.

Whatdonewspapersandthemediafocuson?

細(xì)節(jié)題。女主持人提到：newspapersandthemediafocusingontheanti-social

activitiesofaminorityofyoungpeople,可見(jiàn)報(bào)刊和媒體關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn)是少數(shù)年輕人

的反社會(huì)行為。因此答案是B。

.Nowlistentothefollowingrecordingandanswerquestions20to22.

5.（分?jǐn)?shù)：42.60）

A.Negative.

B.Neutral.

C.Positive.J

0.Questioning.

解析：［聽(tīng)力原文］

Intheearlydaysofnuclearpower;theUnitedStatesmademoneyonit.But

todayopponentshavesocomplicateditsdevelopmentthatnonuclearplantshave

beenorderedorbuiltherein12years.

Thegreatestfearofnuclearpoweropponentshasalwaysbeenareactor

"meltdown".Today,thechancesofameltdownthatwouldthreatenU.S.public

healthareverylittle.Buttoevenfurtherreducethepossibilityengineersaretesting

newreactorsthatrelynotonlyonhumanjudgmenttoshutthemdownbutonthe

lawsofnature.NowGeneralElectricisalreadybuildingtwoadvancedreactorsin

Japan.Butdon'texpectthemevenonU.S.shoresunlessthingschangein

Washington.

Theprocedureforlicensingnuclearpowerplantsisabaddream.Anytime

during,orevenafter,construction,anobjectionbyanygrouporindividualcanbring

everythingtoahaltwhilethematterisinvestigatedortakentocourt.Meanwhile,

thebuildermustaddnicebut-not-necessaryimprovements,someofwhichforce

himtoknockdownwallsandstartover.Ineverycasewhenaplanthasbeen

opposed,theNuclearRegulationCommissionhasultimatelygrantedalicenseto

constructoroperate.Butthevictoryoftencostssomuchthattheutilityendsup

abandoningtheplantanyway.

AcaseinpointistheShorehamplantonNewYork'sLongIsland.Shoreham

wasavirtualtwintotheMillstoneplantinConnecticut,bothorderedinthemid60s'.

Millstone,completefor$101million,hasbeengeneratingelectricityfortwodecades.

Shoreham,however,wassingledoutbyantinuclearactivistswho,bysendingin

endlessprotests,drovethecostover$5billionanddelayeditsuseformanyyears.

Shorehamfinallywonitsoperationlicense.Buttheplanthasneverproduced

awattpower.

Howistheauthor'sattitudetowardsthedevelopmentofnuclearpower?

態(tài)度題。作者雖然沒(méi)有明說(shuō)他對(duì)于開(kāi)發(fā)核能的態(tài)度，但從一些細(xì)節(jié)還是可以

聽(tīng)出作者的態(tài)度的。如：“Butdon'texpectthemevenonU.S.shoresunlessthings

changeinWashington.”“除非政府政策有所改變，否則別指望在美國(guó)建立核反應(yīng)

堆?！庇秩纾癟heprocedureforlicensingnuclearpowerplantsisabaddream.w可

見(jiàn)，作者是覺(jué)得沒(méi)有必要對(duì)開(kāi)發(fā)核能這么謹(jǐn)慎。

.Nowlistentothefollowingrecordingandanswerquestions23to25.

8.（分?jǐn)?shù)：42.60）

A.BecauseAmericaisacountryofimmigrantswithcomplicatedvaluesand

beliefsystems.J

B.BecauseAmericahasaverylargeamountofpopulationintheworld.

C.BecauseAmericaistheonlycountrywhichhasnoculturalvaluesatallinthe

world.

□.BecauseAmericahasnoanytextbooksandclassestotellandeducate

people.

解析：［聽(tīng)力原文］

Goodmorning,everybody.Intoday'slecture,weshallstartanewtopicon

Americanstudies;thatisAmericanvalues.IfyouaskedmostAmericanswhatthe

culturalvaluesintheU.S.are,youmightgetsomeblankstares,orastatementof

somebasicbeliefs.Thequestionmayseemsimple,buttheanswerisquitecomplex.

InasocietyashighlydiverseastheUnitedStates,thereislikelytobemultitudeof

answers.SinceAmericaisacountryofimmigrants,Americanculturehasbeen

enrichedbythevaluesandbeliefsystemsofvirtuallyeverypartoftheworld.

Consequently,itisimpossibletobecomprehensive.Nevertheless,afewselected

valuesareatthecoreoftheAmericanvaluesystem.

Thefirstisdefinitelyindividualfreedom.It'stheonevaluethatnearlyevery

Americanwouldagreeupon.Whetheryoucallitindividualfreedom,individualism,

orindependence,itisthecornerstoneofAmericanvalues.Itpermeateseveryaspect

ofoursociety.Theconceptofanindividual'shavingcontroloverhisorherown

destinyinfluencedthetypeofgovernmentthatwasestablishedhere,andindividual

rightsareguaranteedintheUnitedStatesConstitution.Theserightsaresoprotected

inourjudicialsystemthat,eventhoughAmericansmaycomplainthatcriminals

sometimes"getawaywithmurder",mostpeoplebelieveitisbettertofreeafew

guiltypersonsthantoimprisononepersonwhoisinnocent.Whileoureconomic

systemmaybedominatedbylargecorporations,themajorityofAmerican

businessesaresmall,andmanyareownedbyanindividualorafamily.Itispartof

the"Americandream"to"beyourownboss",andbeinganentrepreneurisoneof

themostappealingwaystoimproveone'seconomicfuture.

ThesecondAmericanvalueIwanttotalkaboutischoiceineducation.

Educationisoftenregardedasthekeytoopportunity,includingfinancialsecurity.

Americanstakeapragmaticapproachtolearning,sowhatonelearnsoutsidethe

classroomthroughinternships,extracurricularactivitiesandthelikeisoften

consideredasimportantaswhatislearnedintheclassroom.Consequently,lifelong

learningisvaluedwhichresultsinmanyadultandcontinuingeducationprograms.

Americanshavemanychoices.Inschooltheydecidetheirmajorfieldofstudy,

perhapswithorwithouttheirparents'influence,andstudentsevengettoselect

someoftheircourses.These"elective"coursesoftenconfuseforeignstudentswho

mayexpectamorerigidcurriculum.ThebeliefthatAmericansshould"beallthatyou

canbe"emanatesfromtheheritagedescendedbyearlysettlers.Sincethemajority

oftheearlysettlerswereProtestant,theybelievedthattheyhadaresponsibilityto

improvethemselves,tobethebesttheycouldbe,todeveloptheirtalents,andto

helptheirneighbors.Thatistosay,theybelievethattheyhavecertainmissionsto

fulfillintheworld.Theseconvictionshavenotonlyinfluencedoureducational

system,butareoftenreflectedinU.S.foreignpolicy.

WhyisithardformostAmericanstoanswerwhenaskedaboutwhatthe

culturalvaluesintheU.S.are?

細(xì)節(jié)題。原文提到，在美國(guó)這樣高度多樣化的國(guó)家，對(duì)于這個(gè)問(wèn)題有很多種

答案，接著具體闡述了其原因：因?yàn)槊绹?guó)是一個(gè)移民國(guó)家，美國(guó)文化由世界上每

個(gè)地方的重要價(jià)值觀(guān)和信仰體系豐富而成。A項(xiàng)即是對(duì)此的概括，故選A。

PartIIIReadingComprehension（總題數(shù)：0,分?jǐn)?shù)：0.00）

SectionA（總題數(shù)：10,分?jǐn)?shù)：0.00）

.Thereasonfruitsandvegetablesaresoimportanttoyouroverallhealthisthat

theyaremajorpurveyorsofantioxidants.

Antioxidantmoleculesarelikethemissile1systemofyourbody,

preventingdamagefrommolecularbombscalledfleeradicals.Itworkslikethis:in

ordertobreathe,move,oreat,yourbody'scells2foodandoxygeninto

energy.Thischemicalreactionreleases3byproducts,thefreeradicalswe

mentioned.Basically,they'rehighlyreactive4ofoxygenthataremissingan

electron.5forthatmissingelectron,theystealthemfromnormalcells,

damagingthehealthycellanditsDNAinthe6.Thisdamage

eventually7toanynumberofmajorhealthproblems,includingheartdisease,

memoryloss,andcancer.

Antioxidants,however,8withthisprocessbygivingfreeradicalsone

oftheirownelectronstostabilizethem.Ortheycombinewithfreeradicalstoform

different,more9compounds.Therearealsoantioxidantenzymesthathelp

freeradicalsreactwithotherchemicalstoproducesafe,insteadoftoxic,substances.

Antioxidants,forinstance,helpprevent"bad"LDLcholesterolfrom

becoming10andformingplaque（斑）.Thisisthereasonthehealth

establishmentissoinsistentonpeopleeatingmorefreshproduce:Itprovides

around-the-clockdefensesagainstfree-radicaldamagetoyourarteries.

A.change

B.contributes

C.convert

D.defense

E.Desirous

F.Desperate

G.forms

H.harmful

I.interfere

J.offense

K.participates

L.process

M.stable

N.stickier

0.thinner（分?jǐn)?shù)：35.50）

1.（分?jǐn)?shù)：3.55）

填空項(xiàng)1：（正確答案：D）

解析：該空格前為名詞missile,空格后為名詞system,因此填入該空格的

詞應(yīng)為名詞。根據(jù)句意和下文可知，所選單詞應(yīng)表示“防御”之意，選項(xiàng)中只有

D符合，defense意為“防衛(wèi)，防御二

2.（分?jǐn)?shù)：3.55）

填空項(xiàng)1：（正確答案：C）

解析：該空格前為名詞body'scells,空格后為并列短語(yǔ)foodandoxygen,

因此填入該空格的詞應(yīng)為動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)句意及上下文語(yǔ)義關(guān)系可知，此處所選單詞

應(yīng)表示“轉(zhuǎn)換”之意，選項(xiàng)中A、C兩項(xiàng)都有轉(zhuǎn)變的意思，二者的區(qū)別在于change

通常指形式、形態(tài)上的變化，而convert一詞則指事物本質(zhì)上的改變，此處“把

食物和氧氣轉(zhuǎn)化為能量”是本質(zhì)上的改變，所以C是最佳答案。

3.（分?jǐn)?shù):3.55）

填空項(xiàng)1：（正確答案：H）

解析：此空格前為動(dòng)詞release,空格后為名詞byproducts,因此填入該空

格的詞應(yīng)為形容詞。原句意為“這一化學(xué)反應(yīng)釋放副產(chǎn)品，即上面提到的

自由基”，自由基是有害物質(zhì)，因此所選單詞應(yīng)表示“有害的”，選項(xiàng)中只有H

符合句意,harmful意為“有害的

4.（分?jǐn)?shù)：3.55）

填空項(xiàng)1：（正確答案：G）

解析：該空格前為形容詞reactive,空格后為ofoxygen,因此填入該空格

的詞應(yīng)為名詞。根據(jù)文章語(yǔ)義關(guān)系可知，所選單詞應(yīng)表示“形式”的意思，選項(xiàng)

中只有G符合句意，form意為“形式，形態(tài)”。

5.（分?jǐn)?shù)：3.55）

填空項(xiàng)1：（正確答案：F）

解析：該空格位于句子開(kāi)頭，空格后為介詞for,這一部分在整句中作狀語(yǔ)，

因此填入該空格的詞應(yīng)為首字母大寫(xiě)的形容詞、現(xiàn)在分詞或過(guò)去分詞。根據(jù)上下

文語(yǔ)義關(guān)系可知，所選單詞應(yīng)表示“想要”的意思,結(jié)合選項(xiàng)只有F符合,desperate

意為“極想得到的”,且desperateforsth.為固定搭配，意為“渴望得到……

6.（分?jǐn)?shù)：3.55）

填空項(xiàng)1：（正確答案：L）

解析：該空格前為inthe,因此可以確定此處應(yīng)該選擇一個(gè)名詞。它們從正

常的細(xì)胞中偷缺少的電子，同時(shí)損害健康細(xì)胞和它的DNA,所選單詞應(yīng)表示“過(guò)

程”的含義，選項(xiàng)中只有L符合，process意為“過(guò)程”。

7.（分?jǐn)?shù):3.55）

填空項(xiàng)1：（正確答案：B）

解析：該空格前為主語(yǔ)Thisdamage,空格后為toanynumber...,該句缺少

謂語(yǔ)，因此填入該空格的詞應(yīng)為動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)句意和上下文語(yǔ)義關(guān)系可知，所選單

詞應(yīng)表示“導(dǎo)致，引發(fā)”的意思，選項(xiàng)中只有B符合，contribute意為“起作用，

促成”,而且contributetosth.是固定搭配,表示“造成，導(dǎo)致”的意思。

8.（分?jǐn)?shù)：3.55）

填空項(xiàng)1：（正確答案：I）

解析：該空格前為名詞antioxidants（去掉插入語(yǔ)however）,空格后為介詞

短語(yǔ)withthisprocess,因此填入該空格的應(yīng)該是一個(gè)動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)義可知，

所選單訶應(yīng)表示“干預(yù)，控制”的意思，選項(xiàng)中只有I符合，interfere意為“干

預(yù)，妨礙”。

9.（分?jǐn)?shù)：3.55）

填空項(xiàng)1：（正確答案：M）

解析：該空格前為比較副詞more,空格后為名詞compounds,因此可以確

認(rèn)空格中的詞應(yīng)為多音節(jié)形容詞。原句意為“抗氧化劑也能與自由基結(jié)合形成不

同的、更為的化合物”，再結(jié)合前一句“抗氧化劑通過(guò)把自己的一個(gè)電子

給自由基使之穩(wěn)定”，可知此處是指是自由基更加穩(wěn)定，選項(xiàng)中只有M符合,stable

意為“穩(wěn)定的二

10.（分?jǐn)?shù)：3.55）

填空項(xiàng)1：（正確答案：N）

解析：該空格前為動(dòng)名詞becoming,空格后為andformingplaque,因此填

入該空格的詞應(yīng)為名詞或者形容詞。這里的主語(yǔ)是抗氧化劑，填入的形容詞要表

現(xiàn)出其性質(zhì)，選項(xiàng)中只有N符合，stickier為形容詞sticky的比較級(jí)形式，意為“黏

的，黏性的”。

SectionB（總題數(shù):10,分?jǐn)?shù)：0.00）

Don'tWasteOurOceans

A.Fortoolong,marinelifehasbeenlargelyopenforthetakingbyanyone

possessingthemeanstoexploitit.Rapidadvancesintechnologyhavemeantthat

theability,reachandpowerofvesselsandequipmentusedtoexploitmarinelife

nowfaroutweighnature'sabilitytomaintainit.Ifleftunchecked,thiswillhavefar

reachingconsequencesforthemarineenvironmentandforpeoplewhodependonit.

Oceanlifecomesinanincrediblearrayofshapesandsizes—frommicroscopic

planktontothelargestofthegreatwhales.Yetmanyspecieshavebeen,orarebeing,

driventowardsextinctionthroughdevastatinghumanimpacts.Thekeythreatsfacing

ouroceancreaturesinclude:

IndustrialFishing

B.Manymarineecologiststhinkthatthebiggestsinglethreattomarine

ecosystemstodayisoverfishing.Ourappetiteforfishisexceedingtheoceans'

ecologicallimitswithdevastatingimpactsonmarineecosystems.Scientistsare

warningthatoverfishingresultsinprofoundchangesinouroceans,perhaps

changingthemforever.Nottomentionourdinnerplates,whichinfuturemayonly

featurefishandchipsasarareandexpensivedelicacy.

Thefishdon'tstandachance

C.Moreoftenthannot,thefishingindustryisgivenaccesstofishstocks

beforetheimpactoftheirfishingcanbeassessed,andregulationofthefishing

industryis,inanycase,woefullyinadequate.Therealityofmodernfishingisthatthe

industryisdominatedbyfishingvesselsthatfarout-matchnature'sabilityto

replenishfish.Giantshipsusingstate-of-the-artfish-findingsonarcanpinpoint

schoolsoffishquicklyandaccurately.Theshipsarefittedoutlikegiantfloating

factories—containingfishprocessingandpackingplants,hugefreezingsystems,and

powerfulenginestodragenormousfishinggearthroughtheocean.Putsimply:the

fishdon'tstandachance.

Oceanlifehealthcheck

D.Populationoftoppredators,akeyindicatorofecosystemhealth,are

disappearingatafrighteningrate,and90percentofthelargefishthatmanyofus

lovetoeat,suchastuna,swordfish,marlin,cod,halibut,skate,andflounder一have

beenfishedoutsincelarge-scaleindustrialfishingbeganinthe1950s.Thedepletion

ofthesetoppredatorspeciescancauseashiftinentireoceansecosystemswhere

commerciallyvaluablefisharereplacedbysmaller;plankton-feedingfish.This

centurymayevenseebumpercropsofjellyfishreplacingthefishconsumedby

humans.Thesechangesendangerthestructureandfunctioningofmarine

ecosystems,andhencethreatenthelivelihoodsofthosedependentontheoceans,

bothnowandinthefuture.

Fisheriescollapse

E.Theover-exploitationandmismanagementoffisherieshasalreadyledto

somespectacularfisheriescollapses.ThecodfisheryoffNewfoundland,Canada

collapsedin1992,leadingtothelossofsome40,000jobsintheindustry.Thecod

stocksintheNorthSeaandBalticSeaarenowheadingthesamewayandareclose

tocompletecollapse.Insteadoftryingtofindalong-termsolutiontotheseproblems,

thefishingindustry'seyesareturningtowardsthePacific——butthisisnottheanswer.

Politicianscontinuetoignoretheadviceofscientistsabouthowthesefisheries

shouldbemanagedandtheneedtofishthesethreatenedspeciesinasustainable

way.

Bycatch

F.Manyfisheriescatchfishotherthantheonesthattheytargetandinmany

casesthesearesimplythrowndeadordyingbackintothesea.Insometrawl

fisheriesforshrimp,thediscardmaybe90percentofthecatch.Otherfisherieskill

seabirds,turtlesanddolphins,sometimesinhugenumbers.

G.Estimatesvaryastohowseriousaproblembycatchis.Lat