2020-2021學(xué)年上海市徐匯中學(xué)高一上學(xué)期期中考試英語試題解析版(不含聽力音頻)

2020-2021學(xué)年上海市徐匯中學(xué)高一上學(xué)期期中考試英語試題I.ListeningComprehension(24’)SectionA(10’)Directions:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.A.Hehadagoodtalkwithsomegirls.B.Hewasinagoodmoodyesterday.C.Hedidn’tgotoworkduetohisillness.D.Hestayedintheofficealldayyesterday.2.A.Shedoesn’twanttotellstudentstheirexamresults.B.Mr.Brownisbusywithworkinhisoffice.C.Shehasnoideawheretheman’sexampaperis.D.Mr.Browndoesn’twantotherstotouchhisthings.3.A.Themanisexpectingthenewspaper.B.Thenewspaperwasdeliveredtothewronghouse.C.Thenewspaperwillbedeliveredlater.D.Thedeliveryhasbeencancelled.4.A.Shedoesn’thavetimetoeatwiththem.B.Sheissureshecanjointhem.C.Shewillasktheprofessorforleave.D.Shewillskipthelecture.5.A.OnMay10.B.OnMay9.C.OnMay8.D.OnMay7.6.A.He’stoobusytogototheconcert.B.Thereisalonglinebeforetheticketoffice.C.Carlalreadyknowstheconcertisateight.D.Hehasn’tbeenabletoreachCarl.7.A.Accountant.B.Secretary.C.Mechanic.D.Manager.8.A.Acaristhebestwaytotravel.B.Sheborrowsherbrother’scar.C.Shecan’tlivewithoutacar.D.Acarisn’tneededinthecity.9.A.Leavethechildrenathome.B.Leavethechildrentomaketheirownamusement.C.Arrangesomegamesforchildren.D.Tellthemtotakesometoyswiththem.10.A.Jimalwaysfeelsuninterestedinhisjob.B.Jimenjoyshisnewjob.C.Jimworksdiligentlyonhisnewjob.D.Jimseemstobeverytiredfromhisnewjob.SectionB(14’)Directions:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassages,andyouwillbeaskedseveralquestionsoneachofthepassages.Thepassageswillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.11.A.Thegrowingnumberofout-of-schoolchildren.B.Theeconomicconditionsindevelopingnations.C.Thementalhealthofout-of-schoolchildren.D.Alackofbasicfacilitiesinprimaryschools.12.A.Localgovernmentsbenefitfrombasiceducation.B.Children’sparentsbenefitfrombasiceducation.C.Childrenwithbasiceducationareexpectedtohaveabetterlife.D.Childrenwithbasiceducationareexpectedtolivetogether.13.A.Provingarelationshipbetweenbasiceducationandeconomicgrowth.B.Findingthevalueofbasiceducation.C.Helpingpromoteeconomyindevelopingnations.D.Callingforprovidingbasiceducationformorechildren.Questions14through17arebasedonthefollowingpassage.14.A.Ascholarship.B.Anewjob.C.Aresearchaward.D.Adegree.15.A.Threeyears.B.Twoyears.C.Oneyear.D.Oneyearandahalf.16.A.TheymakecomparisonsofculturesbetweentheEastandtheWest.B.TheysurveysomeaspectsofAmericanculture.C.TheymakecomparisonsofculturesbetweenBritainandChina.D.TheyanalyzesomeaspectsofChineseculture.17.A.He’llmeettheentryrequirements.B.He’llpresentascientificpaper.C.He’llapplyfordistancelearning.D.He’llresign(辭職)fromhisteachingposition.II.GrammarandVocabularySectionA(10’)Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.Writeyouranswersontheanswersheet.InMarch1974,twobrothersdiggingawellhappenedtofindsomefragments(碎片)ofpotteryandalife-sizedterracottahead.Thefindterrifiedthemgreatly.Archaeologists____1____(send)tothesiteforalong-termprojecttoestablishanewmuseum.In1979,afterabout2,000warriors____2____(discover),themuseumwasopentothepublic.TheterracottaWarriors____3____displayareanarmyofaround8,000life-sizedpotteryfigures____4____(bury)closetothebombofQinShiHuang,thefirstemperorofaunitedChina.Theemperorintendedtoliveforever.Therefore,hewishedtocopyinhistombthepropertyoflifeaboveground,includingamicrocosm(縮影)ofhisempireandaprivatecollectionroom,____5____hebelievedthatthelargerthestateandthericherthefamily,themoreelaborate(精心的)theburialshouldbe.Althoughtherearedifferencesintheirfunction,eachwarrior____6____(wear)theproperuniformforhisroleandhasuniquephysicalfeatures.Thewarriorswerecreatedforthepurposeof____7____(guard)theQinemperorinhisafterlife,alongwitharound700terracottahorsesand130terracottachariots(戰(zhàn)車).ItsbasicplananddesignoriginatedfromtraditionalChineseroyaltombsbutWesterninfluenceimprovednewskillsthatenabledthecraftspeople____8____(increase)thesizeofterracottafigurestheymade.Oneof____9____(astonishing)recentdiscoverieswasahugeseatedfigure(solargethathewouldhavetakensize18shoes).HewasprobablyaweightlifterwhosepowerandposeseemverymuchinthetraditionofHellenisticcopiesoffiguresbyLysippos(AlexandertheGreat’spersonalsculptor).Butresearchintotheseinfluencesisstillalongwayfromprovidingconclusiveanswers,astheemperor’stomb_____10_____hasnotyetbeendugforfearofdamagingthethingsinit.【答案】1.weresent2.werediscovered3.on4.buried5.because6.wears7.guarding8toincrease9.themostastonishing10.itself【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了秦始皇兵馬俑被發(fā)現(xiàn)的經(jīng)過以及這些兵馬俑的數(shù)量和功能?！?題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：考古學(xué)家們被派往該地進(jìn)行一項(xiàng)建立新博物館的長(zhǎng)期項(xiàng)目。此處主語與謂語構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且描述過去發(fā)生的事情應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，主語為Archaeologists，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。故填weresent?！?題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：1979年，在大約2000名戰(zhàn)士被發(fā)現(xiàn)后，博物館向公眾開放。此處主語與謂語構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且結(jié)合上文In1979可知描述過去發(fā)生的事情應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，主語為2,000warriors，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。故填werediscovered?！?題詳解】考查介詞。句意：展出的兵馬俑是一支由大約8000個(gè)真人大小的陶俑組成的軍隊(duì)，埋葬在統(tǒng)一中國(guó)的第一位皇帝秦始皇的陵墓附近。結(jié)合句意表示“展出”可知，短語為ondisplay。故填on。4題詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：展出的兵馬俑是一支由大約8000個(gè)真人大小的陶俑組成的軍隊(duì)，埋葬在統(tǒng)一中國(guó)的第一位皇帝秦始皇的陵墓附近。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知bury在句中應(yīng)用非謂語動(dòng)詞形式，與邏輯主語anarmyofaround8,000life-sizedpotteryfigures構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用過去分詞作定語。故填buried?！?題詳解】考查狀語從句。句意：因此，他希望在自己的墳?zāi)估飶?fù)制地上生命的財(cái)產(chǎn)，包括他的帝國(guó)的一個(gè)縮影和一個(gè)私人收藏室，因?yàn)樗J(rèn)為國(guó)家越大，家庭越富有，埋葬就應(yīng)該越精致。引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句，表示“因?yàn)椤睉?yīng)用because。故填because?！?題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：雖然他們的功能不同，但每個(gè)戰(zhàn)士都穿著適合他的角色的制服，并有獨(dú)特的身體特征。根據(jù)上文“therearedifferencesintheirfunction”可知用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，且主語由each修飾，謂語用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故填wears?！?題詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：這些兵馬俑是為了在秦始皇死后保護(hù)他而建造的，另外還有大約700匹兵馬俑和130輛戰(zhàn)車。作介詞of的賓語，guard應(yīng)用動(dòng)名詞形式。故填guarding?！?題詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：它的基本規(guī)劃和設(shè)計(jì)源自中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)的皇家陵墓，但西方的影響改進(jìn)了新的技術(shù)，使工匠能夠增加他們制作的陶俑的尺寸。結(jié)合句意表示“使……能夠……”短語為enable…todosth.。故填toincrease?！?題詳解】考查最高級(jí)。句意：最近最驚人的發(fā)現(xiàn)之一是一個(gè)巨大的坐像（大到他可以穿18碼的鞋）。此處為“oneof+形容詞最高級(jí)+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式”結(jié)構(gòu)，astonishing應(yīng)用最高級(jí)，在前面加themost。故填themostastonishing?！?0題詳解】考查代詞。句意：但對(duì)這些影響的研究還需要很長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間才能得出決定性的答案，因?yàn)榛实鄣牧昴贡旧磉€沒有被挖掘，因?yàn)閾?dān)心破壞里面的東西。此處指代陵墓本身，應(yīng)用反身代詞itself。故填itself。SectionB(10’)Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.profitablyB.fallenC.sellD.dangerousAB.dumpAC.efficientlyAD.plasticBC.endlessBD.civilizationCD.throwawayABC.stylishThevalueofupcyclingRecyclingisawell-knownideathatreferstoreusingwastematerialsinanywaypossible.Butwhatabout“upcycling”?It’sanewword,eventhoughit’ssomethingthathasbeengoingonsincehuman____11____began.Itmeansreusingwastematerialssothattheyhavegreatervalue.Throughouthistory,peoplehavealwaysdonecreativethingswith“trash”.Forexample,they’veusedstrawanddeadleavestomakeroofs,skinfromdeadanimalstomakeleathergoods,andwoodfrom____12____treestomakeboats.Sowhyisthereanewwordforitnow?Oneanswertothisquestionisthatwereusefewerandfewerthings,andsohavebecomea(n)“____13____”society.Thishasraisedhugequestionsaboutwaste:Wherecanwe____14____itall?Willitpollutetheenvironment?Coulditbe____15____toourhealth?Theevidenceiseverywhere—eveninthePacificOcean,wherebillionsofbitsofbroken____16____floatnearthesurface.Fisheatthem,andthenweeatthefish.Soupcyclershaveadoptedthisnewwordtofocuspeople’sattentiononhowwastecannotsimplybereused,butbereused____17____.Infact,upcyclersdon’tliketheideaofwasteandprefertocallitan“asset”,somethingofvalue.Nowadays,therearelotsoforganizationsthat____18____productswithupcycledmaterial.Someartistsanddesignershaveupcycledthingslikedenimfromoldjeanstomakerugs,andwoodfromoldhousestomakefurniture.Othershaveevenusedcandywrapperstomakehandbags!Sometimesthey’lladda(n)____19____elementtotheirproducts,suchasabeautifulmosaic(馬賽克)madewithbrokendishes.Witha(n)_____20_____supplyof“assets”,itseemsthatupcyclinghasagreatfuture.【答案】11.BD12.B13.CD14.AB15.D16.AD17.A18.C19.ABC20.BC【解析】【分析】這是一篇議論文。主要論述了“upcycling”（升級(jí)再造）的含義及意義?！?1題詳解】考查名詞。句意：雖然這是人類文明開始以來一直在發(fā)生的事情，但這是一個(gè)新詞。根據(jù)句意及分析句型可知此處填名詞，構(gòu)成名詞短語humancivilization在句中作主語。故選BD項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：例如，他們用稻草和枯葉做屋頂，用死去動(dòng)物的皮做皮革制品，用倒下的樹木做船。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知此處填形容詞，作定語修飾名詞trees。根據(jù)句意，可知此處表示倒下的、死去的樹木。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：對(duì)于這個(gè)問題，答案之一就是我們重復(fù)使用的東西越來越少，因此已經(jīng)成為一個(gè)一次性商品充斥的社會(huì)。分析句型可知，此處要填形容詞修飾后面的名詞society；根據(jù)“wereusefewerandfewerthings”（我們重復(fù)使用東西越來越少了），可知現(xiàn)代社會(huì)人們習(xí)慣使用一次性物品了。故選CD項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：這引發(fā)了關(guān)于垃圾的巨大問題：我們可以把垃圾傾倒在哪里?分析句型可知，此處填動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)句意，此處意指把垃圾傾倒在哪里。故選AB項(xiàng)。【15題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：它對(duì)我們會(huì)有害嗎？分析句型可知，此處填形容詞；根據(jù)句意，此處考查短語bedangerousto（對(duì)......有害）。故選D項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查名詞。句意：即使在太平洋，這種證據(jù)也無處不在，那里有數(shù)十億的塑料碎片漂浮在海面附近。根據(jù)分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知此處填名詞，在句中作主語；根據(jù)句意，此處意指有大量的塑料漂浮在太平洋上。故選AD項(xiàng)。【17題詳解】考查副詞。句意：因此，升級(jí)回收者采用了這個(gè)新詞，讓人們關(guān)注垃圾如何不簡(jiǎn)單地重復(fù)利用，而是有利可圖地重復(fù)利用。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處要用副詞來修飾前面的動(dòng)詞reuse；根據(jù)句意，此處意指要有利潤(rùn)可圖地去回收垃圾。故選A項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：現(xiàn)在，有很多組織銷售升級(jí)后材料的產(chǎn)品。分析句型可知，此處填動(dòng)詞在定語從句中作謂語動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)前句“Infact,upcyclersdon’tliketheideaofwasteandprefertocallitan“asset”,somethingofvalue.”（事實(shí)上，升級(jí)回收者們不喜歡廢品這個(gè)想法，而是更愿意把它稱作資產(chǎn)。），所以很多組織銷售改造升級(jí)后的廢品。故選C項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：有時(shí)他們會(huì)給一個(gè)產(chǎn)品添加時(shí)尚元素，比如由破碎的盤子做成的漂亮的馬賽克。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，可知此處要填形容詞修飾后面的名詞element；根據(jù)“suchasabeautifulmosaic(馬賽克)madewithbrokendishes”，可知藝術(shù)家往產(chǎn)品中加入了時(shí)尚元素。故選ABC項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：有著無窮無盡的“資產(chǎn)”供應(yīng)，升級(jí)回收似乎有著一個(gè)偉大的未來。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，可知此處要填形容詞修飾后面的名詞supply；根據(jù)句意，此處意指廢品數(shù)量很多，利用廢品改造升級(jí)回收利用有著無盡的資源供應(yīng)。故選BC項(xiàng)。III.ReadingComprehensionSectionA(15’)Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Formostpeople,thelongestrelationshiptheywillhaveiswiththeirsibling(兄弟姐妹).It’sashame,then,thatwecan’tchoosethem.Aschildren,myyoungersisterandIwerealways____21____witheachother.Iwasjealousofherlooksandshefeltthreatenedbymyacademicsuccess.Butourrivalry(競(jìng)爭(zhēng))was____22____comparedtothatofsomefamoussiblings.Take1940smoviestarOliviadeHavillandandJoanFontaineasanexample.ThecompetitiverelationshipbetweenthesesistersisfamousinHollywood.“Imarriedfirst,wontheOscarbeforeOliviadid.AndifIdiefirst,she’ll____23____beangrybecauseIbeathertoit,”Joanwroteinherautobiography(自傳).Theirrivalrybecamevery____24____in1946whenOliviawonanOscar.JoanwasaskedtopresenttheawardbutOliviarefusedtoevenshakeherhand.“Theyjustdon’thavemuchincommon,”saidonepersonatthetime.Butit’snotjustin____25____businesswheresiblingsfallout.BusinessmanRudolfandAdolfDasslerstartedmakingsportsshoesinthesmallGermantownofHerzogenaurachinthe1920s.Theirfactorysouthoftheriverbecameverysuccessfulbuttheywerealwaysvery____26____.Adolf,orAdi,wasaquietcraftsmanwhileRudolfwas“aloud-mouthedsalesman”.____27____,in1948,thebrothersfelloutpermanently.Rudolfmovedacrosstheriverandsetuparivalsports-shoecompany,whichhecalledPuma.____28____,Adiusedthefirstlettersofhisnameandsurnametocreatehisbrand—Adidas.Thebrothersneverspoketoeachotheragainandtheirrivalry____29____thetown.TheresidentsworeeitherAdidasorPumaandwouldsometimesrefuseto_____30_____eachother.Itbecameaplacewhereyoualwayslookedatthe_____31_____someonewaswearingbeforestartingaconversation.Thebrothersdiedinthe1970sandwereburiedinthesamecemetery—atoppositeends.Butnotallsuccessfulsiblings_____32_____eachother.ToptennisplayersSerenaandVenusWilliamshaveplayedeachotherinovermajortennistournamentfinals,buthavealwaysremainedthebestfriends.Theyplayeddoublestogether,livedtogether,andevenhadbreakfasttogetherbeforethesebigmatches.“Weleaveeverythingonthe_____33_____,”Serenaoncesaid.“We’resistersthemomentweshakehandsatthenet.”So,nowthatwe’readults,havemysisterandIlearnttobemoreliketheWilliamsistersandlessliketheDasslers?Well,I’dlovetosay“yes”butthe_____34_____answeris“notalways”.IstillhateseeingphotosofustogetherbecauseIstillfeelinferior(次的)toher.Butourrivalryisnotasbadasitusedtobe,andifIfeelreallyjealous,Iremindmyself:_____35_____disappearsbutasisterisforlife!21.A.competing B.dealing C.communicating D.agreeing22.A.anything B.something C.everything D.nothing23.A.sadly B.undoubtedly C.unequally D.negatively24.A.passionate B.public C.unreasonable D.fierce25.A.show B.family C.manufacture D.trade26.A.familiar B.friendly C.different D.positive27.A.Otherwise B.Meanwhile C.Additionally D.Eventually28.A.Afterall B.Bycomparison C.Inresponse D.Onthewhole29.A.livened B.enlarged C.divided D.widen30.A.mixwith B.takeon C.lookafter D.setup31.A.shoes B.clothes C.glasses D.watches32.A.like B.hate C.ignore D.value33.A.way B.surface C.side D.court34.A.designed B.easy C.truthful D.acceptable35.A.reputation B.beauty C.difference D.dream【答案】21.A22.D23.B24.B25.A26.C27.D28.C29.C30.A31.A32.B33.D34.C35.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章通過舉例論述了兄弟姐妹之間的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)或友好的關(guān)系，并希望兄弟姐妹之間建立良好的關(guān)系?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：小時(shí)候，我和妹妹總是互相競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。A.competing競(jìng)爭(zhēng)；B.dealing交易；C.communicating交流；D.agreeing同意。根據(jù)后文“Iwasjealousofherlooksandshefeltthreatenedbymyacademicsuccess.”以及“ourrivalry”可知，這里指姐妹之間互相“競(jìng)爭(zhēng)”。故選A項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查不定代詞詞義辨析。句意：但我們的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)與一些著名的兄弟姐妹相比根本不算什么。A.anything任何東西；B.something某些東西；C.everything一切東西；D.nothing什么都沒有。根據(jù)語境以及后文“ThecompetitiverelationshipbetweenthesesistersisfamousinHollywood.”可知，作者認(rèn)為自己姐妹之間的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)和著名人物相比不算什么。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：如果我先死，她必定會(huì)因?yàn)槲掖驍×怂鷼獾?。A.sadly傷心地；B.undoubtedly毋庸置疑地，必定；C.unequally不平等地；D.negatively消極地。根據(jù)語境及后文“becauseIbeathertoit”可知，她們姐妹之間競(jìng)爭(zhēng)非常激烈，她肯定會(huì)因?yàn)楸淮驍《鷼獾?。故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：1946年，奧利維亞獲得奧斯卡獎(jiǎng)，兩人的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)公開化。A.passionate熱情的；B.public公眾的；C.unreasonable不合理的；D.fierce激烈的。根據(jù)后文“JoanwasaskedtopresenttheawardbutOliviarefusedtoevenshakeherhand.”可知，在頒獎(jiǎng)的公眾場(chǎng)合她們顯示不合作，可見她們的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)公開化了。故選B項(xiàng)。【25題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但不僅僅是在演藝圈，兄弟姐妹會(huì)鬧翻。A.show演出；B.family家庭；C.manufacture制造；D.trade貿(mào)易。根據(jù)前文第二段中“Take1940smoviestarOliviadeHavillandandJoanFontaineasanexample.”可知，這里指“演藝圈”。故選A項(xiàng)。【26題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他們?cè)诤幽线叺墓S非常成功，但他們總是不相同的。A.familiar熟悉的；B.friendly友好的；C.different不同的；D.positive積極的。根據(jù)后文“Adolf,orAdi,wasaquietcraftsmanwhileRudolfwas‘a(chǎn)loud-mouthedsalesman’.”可知，他們很不相同。故選C項(xiàng)。【27題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：最終，在1948年，兄弟倆永久地鬧翻了。A.Otherwise否則；B.Meanwhile同時(shí)；C.Additionally另外；D.Eventually最終。根據(jù)語境和事情的發(fā)展以及后文“Rudolfmovedacrosstheriverandsetuparivalsports-shoecompany,whichhecalledPuma.”等內(nèi)容可知，最終他們兄弟倆鬧翻了。故選D項(xiàng)。【28題詳解】考查介詞短語詞義辨析。句意：作為回應(yīng)，阿迪用自己名字和姓氏的首字母創(chuàng)建了自己的品牌——阿迪達(dá)斯。A.Afterall畢竟；B.Bycomparison通過比較；C.Inresponse作為回應(yīng)；D.Onthewhole總而言之。根據(jù)前文“Rudolfmovedacrosstheriverandsetuparivalsports-shoecompany,whichhecalledPuma.”以及后文“Adiusedthefirstlettersofhisnameandsurnametocreatehisbrand—Adidas.”可知，阿迪所做的是為了回應(yīng)魯?shù)婪虻姆至研袨?。故選C項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：兄弟倆再也沒說過話，他們的敵對(duì)使鎮(zhèn)上的人分裂了。A.livened使活躍；B.enlarged擴(kuò)大；C.divided分開；D.widen加寬。根據(jù)后文“TheresidentsworeeitherAdidasorPumaandwouldsometimesrefuseto____10____eachother.”可知，他們兄弟的敵對(duì)導(dǎo)致了鎮(zhèn)上人的分裂。故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語詞義辨析。句意：這些居民要么穿著阿迪達(dá)斯，要么穿著彪馬，有時(shí)拒絕相互混在一起。A.mixwith與……混合；B.takeon承擔(dān)，呈現(xiàn)；C.lookafter照顧；D.setup建立。根據(jù)語境以及前文“TheresidentsworeeitherAdidasorPuma”可知，居民們要么穿哥哥的品牌，要么穿弟弟的品牌，甚至?xí)芙^兩個(gè)品牌混在一起。故選A項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：鎮(zhèn)子變成了這么一個(gè)地方，在開始交談之前，你總是先看看別人穿的鞋。A.shoes鞋；B.clothes衣服；C.glasses眼鏡；D.watches手表。根據(jù)前文第三段中“BusinessmanRudolfandAdolfDasslerstartedmakingsportsshoes”可知，他們生產(chǎn)鞋，所以鎮(zhèn)上的人們會(huì)看看別人穿的鞋，了解別人是支持兄弟中的哪一個(gè)。故選A項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但并不是所有成功的兄弟姐妹都討厭對(duì)方。A.like喜歡；B.hate憎恨，討厭；C.ignore忽視；D.value珍視。根據(jù)句首連詞“But”的語義轉(zhuǎn)折以及后文“ToptennisplayersSerenaandVenusWilliamshaveplayedeachotherinovermajortennistournamentfinals,buthavealwaysremainedthebestfriends.”所舉事例可知，并不是所有成功的兄弟姐妹都討厭對(duì)方。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們把一切都留在球場(chǎng)上。A.way道路；B.surface表面；C.side側(cè)面；D.court（網(wǎng)球等的）球場(chǎng)。根據(jù)前文“ToptennisplayersSerenaandVenusWilliamshaveplayedeachotherinovermajortennistournamentfinals,buthavealwaysremainedthebestfriends.”可知，她們是網(wǎng)球運(yùn)動(dòng)員，這里指“網(wǎng)球場(chǎng)”。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：嗯，我很想說“是的”，但真實(shí)的答案是“不總是”。A.designed設(shè)計(jì)的；B.easy容易的；C.truthful真實(shí)的；D.acceptable可接受的。根據(jù)前文“yes”以及后文“notalways”可知，作者希望姐妹之間是友好的，但是事實(shí)和希望并不完全一致，這里指“真實(shí)的”答案。故選C項(xiàng)。【35題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但我們的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)已經(jīng)不像以前那么激烈了，如果我真的嫉妒了，我就會(huì)提醒自己：美貌會(huì)消失的，姐妹是一輩子的！A.reputation名聲；B.beauty美麗；C.difference差異；D.dream夢(mèng)想。根據(jù)常識(shí)及前文“Iwasjealousofherlooks”可知，此處指“美貌”會(huì)消失的。故選B項(xiàng)。SectionB(22’)Directions:Readthefollowingtwopassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.A“Congratulations,Mr.Jones,it’sagirl.”Fatherhoodisgoingtohaveadifferentmeaningandbringforthadifferentanswerfromeverymanwhohearsthesewords.Somefeelproudwhentheyreceivethenews,whileothersworry,wonderingwhethertheywillbegoodfathers.Althoughtherearesomemenwholikechildrenandmayhavehadalotofexperiencewiththem,othersdonotparticularlycareforchildrenandspendlittletimewiththem.Manyfathersandmothershavebeenplanningandlookingforwardtochildrenforsometime.Forothercouples,pregnancywasanaccidentthatbothhusbandandwifehaveacceptedwillinglyorunwillingly.Whateverthereactiontothebirthofachild,itisobviousthatthechangefromtheroleofhusbandtothatoffatherisadifficulttask.Yet,unfortunately,fewtrieshavebeenmadetoeducatefathersinthisre-socializationprocess.AlthoughmanygoodbookshavebeenwrittenaboutAmericanmothers,onlyrecentlyhavesomebooksdiscussedtheroleofafather.Itisarguedbysomewritersthatthetransitiontothefather’srole,althoughdifficult,isnotnearlyasgreatasthetransitionthewifemustmaketothemother’srole.Themother’sroleseemstorequireacompletetransformationofdailyroutineandadaptationtoanewlife,ontheotherhand,thefather’sroleislessimmediate.However,eventhoughwehavementionedthefactthatgrowingnumbersofwomenareworkingoutsidethehome,thefatherisstillthoughtbymanyasthebreadwinnerinthehousehold.36.Accordingtotheauthor,beingafather________.A.bringsafeelingofexcitementtosomemenB.hasadifferentmeaningforthosewhohavedaughtersC.makessomemenfeelproudandothersuneasyD.meansnothingbutmoreresponsibilities37.Itisstatedinthepassagethat________.A.someparentsarepreparedtohaveachildB.youngcouplesdonotlikechildrenatallC.workingcouplesdonothavemuchtimetotakecareoftheirchildrenD.manyparentslookforwardtohavingaboyastheirfirstchild38.Thetransitiontothemother’srolerequiresthatthewife________.A.changesherlifestyleinaquitedifferentwayB.makesacompletechangeinhereverydaylifetodealwiththenewsituationC.staysathometotakecareofthebabyD.helpsherhusbandinhisre-socializationprocess39.Somewritersarguethatintermsofthechangeoftheroles,fathers,comparedwithmothers,________.A.havetodomoreinthehousehold B.havetomakemoredifficultadaptationsC.haveaneasierjobtodo D.canusuallydoabetterjob【答案】36.C37.A38.B39.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要討論是孩子出生后父母角色的變化，以及一些人對(duì)這種角色轉(zhuǎn)變的看法?！?6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Somefeelproudwhentheyreceivethenews,whileothersworry,wonderingwhethertheywillbegoodfathers.(有些人收到消息后感到驕傲，而其他人則擔(dān)心，不知道他們是否會(huì)成為好父親)”可知，成為父親讓一些人感到很自豪，而另外一些人感到很擔(dān)憂。故選C?！?7題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Manyfathersandmothershavebeenplanningandlookingforwardtochildrenforsometime.(許多父親和母親已經(jīng)計(jì)劃和期待孩子一段時(shí)間了)”可知，一些父母準(zhǔn)備要一個(gè)孩子。故選A。【38題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Themother’sroleseemstorequireacompletetransformationofdailyroutineandadaptationtoanewlife,ontheotherhand,thefather’sroleislessimmediate.(母親的角色似乎需要對(duì)日常生活的完全轉(zhuǎn)變和對(duì)新生活的適應(yīng)，另一方面，父親的角色則不那么直接)”可知，向母親角色的轉(zhuǎn)變要求妻子在日常生活中做出完全的改變，以應(yīng)對(duì)新的情況。故選B。【39題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Itisarguedbysomewritersthatthetransitiontothefather’srole,althoughdifficult,isnotnearlyasgreatasthetransitionthewifemustmaketothemother’srole.Themother’sroleseemstorequireacompletetransformationofdailyroutineandadaptationtoanewlife,ontheotherhand,thefather’sroleislessimmediate.However,eventhoughwehavementionedthefactthatgrowingnumbersofwomenareworkingoutsidethehome,thefatherisstillthoughtbymanyasthebreadwinnerinthehousehold.(有些作家認(rèn)為，向父親角色的轉(zhuǎn)變雖然困難，但遠(yuǎn)不如妻子向母親角色的轉(zhuǎn)變那么大。母親的角色似乎需要對(duì)日常生活的完全轉(zhuǎn)變和對(duì)新生活的適應(yīng)，另一方面，父親的角色則不那么直接。然而，盡管我們已經(jīng)提到越來越多的婦女外出工作這一事實(shí)，但父親仍然被許多人認(rèn)為是養(yǎng)家糊口的人)”可知，和母親的角色的轉(zhuǎn)變相比，父親的角色的轉(zhuǎn)變較容易。故選C。BThediscoveryofMachuPicchuTheIncasBetween1438and1532theIncasbuiltanempirewithapopulationofabout12,000,000peopleonthewestcoastofSouthAmerica.Theyhadnosystemofwriting,solittleisknownabouttheireverydaylives.Butwedoknowthesethings:●theybuiltlargecitiesinthemountains●theybuilthouseswithhugesquarestones●theybuilt23,000kilometersofroadsthroughthemountains●theydidnothavewheelssoeverythingwascarriedbyanimalsorpeopleItwasearlymorningon24July,1911.AyoungAmericanarchaeologistnamedHiramBinghamwasinasmallhotelinPeru,intheAndesmountains.HewastherebecausehewantedtofindalostIncacity.Hewasnotthefirst.BeforeBingham,otherexplorershadlookedforthecity,buttheyhadn’tfoundit.BinghamhasalwaysbeenattractedbytheIncas.Hewasauniversityprofessorandhadstudiedtheircivilizationformanyyears.BinghamandsomescientistshadtravelledallthewaytoPerufromtheUSA,andhadgoneuptothecityofCuzco.FromCuzco,theyhadtravelledhigherupintothemountains,toabout1,800meters,andtheyhadspentthenightinthehotel.ThehotelownerhadtoldBinghamabouta‘lost’citynotfaraway.Onthemorningof24July,Binghamandaguidewentoutintheheavytropicalrainandclimbedanother60meters.Ontheway,theymetaten-year-oldboywholedthemthroughthejungletoawall.Theyclimbedoveritandthereitwas.MachuPicchu—thelostcityoftheIncas.Inhisbook‘ThediscoveryofMachuPicchu’HiramBinghamwrote:‘SuddenlyIwasstandinginfrontofthewallsofaruinandhousesfromthebestqualityofIncaart…Ifoundbrillianttemples,royalhouses,abigsquareandtensofhouses.Itlookedlikeadream.’40.WhichofthefollowingstatementsistrueoftheIncas?A.Theyleftbehindnowrittenrecords.B.TheylivedalongthecoastofAmerica.C.Theyinventedvehicleswithoutwheels.D.Theybuiltroadsleadingtootherempires.41.WhydidBinghamgotoPeruin1911?A.Tostudyanendangeredcivilization.B.Tofindlocalpeoplethatoncelivedthere.C.Toconfirmotherexplorers’previousfindings.D.Tolookforanancientcitythatusedtobethere.42.Whathappenedonthemorningof24July,1911?A.Thebook‘ThediscoveryofMachuPicchu’wascompleted.B.Alittleboywentthroughthejunglebyaccident.C.ThecityofCuzcowasrediscovered.D.BinghamfoundMachuPicchu.【答案】40.A41.D42.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。介紹了MachuPicchu的發(fā)現(xiàn)過程?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)左框中“Theyhadnosystemofwriting,solittleisknownabouttheireverydaylives.(他們沒有文字書寫系統(tǒng)，所以人們對(duì)他們的日常生活知之甚少)”可知，選項(xiàng)A“他們沒有留下任何書面記錄”是正確的。故選A項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)右上框第一段中“HewastherebecausehewantedtofindalostIncacity.(他去那里是因?yàn)樗胝业揭蛔涞挠〖映鞘?”可知，Bingham去那里的目的是尋找曾經(jīng)在那里的一座古城。故選D項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)右上框第一段中“Itwasearlymorningon24July,1911.(那是1911年7月24日的清晨)”以及第三段“Onthemorningof24July,Binghamandaguidewentoutintheheavytropicalrainandclimbedanother60meters.Ontheway,theymetaten-year-oldboywholedthemthroughthejungletoawall.Theyclimbedoveritandthereitwas.MachuPicchu—thelostcityoftheIncas.(7月24日上午，Bingham和一名導(dǎo)游冒著熱帶大雨又爬了60米。在路上，他們遇到了一個(gè)10歲的男孩，他帶他們穿過叢林來到一堵墻前。他們爬過去，它就在那里。MachuPicchu——印加失落的城市)”可知，1911年7月24日的清晨，Bingham發(fā)現(xiàn)了MachuPicchu。故選D項(xiàng)。CAmericancitiesaresimilartoothercitiesaroundtheworld.Ineverycountry,citiesreflectthevaluesoftheculture.Americancitiesarechanging,justasAmericansocietyischanging.AfterWorldWarII,thepopulationofmostlargeAmericancitiesdecreased;however,thepopulationinmanySunBeltcitiesincreased.LosAngelesandHoustonarecitieswherepopulationshifts(轉(zhuǎn)移)toandfromthecityreflectthechangingvaluesofAmericansociety.Inthelate1940sandearly1950s,cityresidents(居民)becamewealthier.Theyhadmorechildrensotheyneededmorespace.Theymovedoutoftheirapartmentsinthecitytobuytheirownhomes.Theyboughthousesinthesuburbs(郊區(qū))。Nowthingsarechanging.Thechildrenofthepeoplewholeftthecitiesinthe1950sarenowadults.Many,unliketheirparents,wanttoliveinthecities.TheycontinuetomovetoSunBeltcitiesandolderonesoftheNortheastandMidwest.Manyyoungprofessionalsaremovingbackintothecity.Theypreferthecitytothesuburbsbecausetheirjobsarethere;ortheyjustenjoytheexcitementandpossibilitiesthatthecityoffers.Thispopulationshiftisbringingproblemsaswellasbenefits.Countlesspoorpeoplemustleavetheirapartmentsinthecitybecausetheownerswanttosellthebuildingsormakeapartmentsforsaleinsteadofforrent.Inthe1950s,manypoorpeopledidnothaveenoughmoneytomovetothesuburbs;nowmanyofthesesamepeopledonothaveeno