北京中考英語5年真題匯編-教師版-專題07 任務(wù)型閱讀

北京中考英語5年真題匯編——專題07任務(wù)型閱讀【五年考情回顧】年份體裁主題內(nèi)容2024年記敘文本文介紹了作者反思過度關(guān)注運(yùn)動(dòng)數(shù)據(jù)帶來的負(fù)面影響，強(qiáng)調(diào)運(yùn)動(dòng)的目的是提升生活質(zhì)量，而非僅僅追求數(shù)字上的進(jìn)步。2023年記敘文主要講述了作者100天不使用手機(jī)的經(jīng)歷，一開始不使用手機(jī)會(huì)讓人很焦慮，但是三周后發(fā)生了很多可喜的變化，作者注意力更集中，可以更好地發(fā)現(xiàn)這個(gè)世界的美。2022年記敘文作者在朋友的鼓勵(lì)下跟著視頻進(jìn)行鍛煉，這是方便又節(jié)省時(shí)間的選擇。2021年說明文本文向我們介紹學(xué)校的無屏幕日，起初學(xué)生認(rèn)為這是不可能的，但是慢慢發(fā)現(xiàn)無屏幕日帶來更多的是好處。2020年記敘文本文主要講AnnaDu十二歲時(shí)就制作了自己的遙控潛水器，她從小就對(duì)STEM感興趣，長(zhǎng)大后想成為一名工程師，幫助解決世界問題。（2024·北京·中考真題）閱讀短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答問題。Recently,Istartedtouseanapptokeeparecordofmyrunning.EachrunIwantedtogoalittlefarther,runalittlefasterandburnmorecalories(卡路里).LastnightIfinishedan8.3-kmrunin46minutesandburnt468calories.Incomparison,myruntwodaysagowas8.6kmin46minuteswith483caloriesburnt.Thisinnerself-comparisonleftmefeelingdisappointed.Ibecamesofocused(專注的)onthenumbersthatIforgottoconsiderwhatIachieved.Thesetinydifferencesinnumberskeptmeawayfromthebiggerpicture:howdidIactuallyfeelaftercompletingmymostrecentrun?Well,honestly,Iwascompletelytiredout.Whatgoodisrunningtobeatyourtopscoreifyoudon’tfeelontop?Weshouldexerciseforthepurposeofbuildingourconfidence.Andworkingoutharderandfastermayservethatpurpose.Butconfidencebuildingcomeswithbeingabletodomoreinourday-to-daylife,experiencinglesspainandmorefreedominmovement,andfeelinggoodafteraworkout.Fitnessshouldhelpuswithourquality(質(zhì)量)oflife,theabilitytosleep,goodmemory,amongotherthings.Fitnessshouldnotjustcomewiththeeagernessforthesuccessinnumbers.Inourbusylives,weonlyhavelimitedtimeforfitness.Whenwedophysicalexercise,weshouldvaluewhatfeelsgoodoverwhatlooksorsoundsgood.Sometimeswhatservesusandourhealthiscominghomeanddoingalightworkout,likegoingonashortbikeride.Sometimeswhatservesusissimplygoingtosleepat9:30p.m.insteadofforcingourselvesintoaworkout.Appsofthiskindareagreatwayforustokeepaneyeonourhealth.Butdon’treadintothenumberstothepointwhereyouloseoutonfeelingproudthatyouaretakingcareofyourself.Somyadviceis:whenyoudophysicalexercise,makesureyoufeelgoodaboutyourselfoverfeelinggoodaboutthenumbers.34．Whydidthewriterstarttousetheapp?___________________________________________________________________________________________35．Whatdidthewriterforgettoconsiderwhenhebecametoofocusedonthenumbers?___________________________________________________________________________________________36．Whenyoudophysicalexercise,whichdoyouthinkismoreimportantfeelinggoodaboutyourselforfeelinggoodaboutthenumbers?Why?(Pleasegivetworeasons.)___________________________________________________________________________________________37．Whenyoudophysicalexercise,whichdoyouthinkismoreimportant,feelinggoodaboutyourselforfeelinggoodaboutthenumbers?Why?(Pleasegivetworeasons.)___________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】34.Tokeeparecordofhisrunning.35.Heforgottoconsiderwhatheachieved.36.Buildingourconfidence.37.Feelinggoodaboutyourselfismoreimportantthanfeelinggoodaboutthenumbers.Becauseexerciseshouldimproveourqualityoflifeandfeelinggoodaboutyourselfismoremotivatingandsustainable.【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文介紹了作者反思過度關(guān)注運(yùn)動(dòng)數(shù)據(jù)帶來的負(fù)面影響，強(qiáng)調(diào)運(yùn)動(dòng)的目的是提升生活質(zhì)量，而非僅僅追求數(shù)字上的進(jìn)步?！?4題詳解】根據(jù)“Recently,Istartedtouseanapptokeeparecordofmyrunning.”可知，作者開始使用一個(gè)應(yīng)用程序來記錄跑步情況。故填Tokeeparecordofhisrunning.【35題詳解】根據(jù)“Ibecamesofocused(專注的)onthenumbersthatIforgottoconsiderwhatIachieved.”可知，作者忘記了考慮他所取得的。故填Heforgottoconsiderwhatheachieved.【36題詳解】根據(jù)“Weshouldexerciseforthepurposeofbuildingourconfidence.”可知，我們應(yīng)該為了建立我們的信心而鍛煉。故填Buildingourconfidence.【37題詳解】開放性試題，言之有理即可。例如，自我感覺良好比數(shù)字感覺良好更重要。鍛煉可以提高我們的生活質(zhì)量。自我感覺良好更有動(dòng)力，也更持久。故填Feelinggoodaboutyourselfismoreimportantthanfeelinggoodaboutthenumbers.Becauseexerciseshouldimproveourqualityoflifeandfeelinggoodaboutyourselfismoremotivatingandsustainable.（2023·北京·中考真題）閱讀短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答問題。My100DaysWithoutaMobilePhoneWhenwasthelasttimeyoulefthomewithoutyourmobilephone?Canyouimagineyourselflivingamonth,orevenayearwithoutcheckingyourmobilephonefromtimetotime?Asabusymodernpersonwithlotsofsocialconnections,plansandresponsibilities,Ijustcannotaffordtonotbeintouchwiththerestoftheworld.Stayingconnectedtootherpeopleisabigpartofmylife.However,sometimesitcanbebothersome(惱人的).OnedayIdiscoveredIwasterriblytiredout.Itriedturningnotifications(通知)off.Butthefearofmissingoutsomethingimportantmademecheckthephonemoreoftenthanbefore.So,Isimplystoppedusingmyphone.Well,totellthetruth,itwasnotsimpleatall.Forthefirstcoupleofdays,Ihadabigfearthatallofmyfriendswouldsoonforgetaboutme.WhenIhadafreemoment,Ihadnoideawhattogetmyselfdistracted(分心的)with,andtheworriesmixedwithboredomkeptbotheringme.However,afterthreeweekswithoutamobilephone,Istartednoticingchanges—changeswhichIliked,andwhichdrovemetonotjustcontinuetheexperiment,butinfacttoreorganizesomeofmyhabits.Firstofall,InoticedthatIbecamemuchmorefocused(專注的).Before,whiledoingsomething,Iwouldoftenfindmyselfwonderingwhatwasgoingononline.Afteramonthofstayingawayfrommymobilephone,Ifoundthattheurge(沖動(dòng))wasalreadynotthatstrongandthatmyabilitytofocusimproved.Idiscoveredthattheworldisabeautifulplace.Before,Iwouldlookatitthroughmycameramostly:takeaphoto,postit,getsomelikes.Now,IsawbeautifulpeoplewalkingaroundandIsensedtheseasonschange.Icouldunderstandtheactualbeautyoftheworld,andIdidnotneedanyoneelsetoprovethevalueofthisbeautythroughlikesorshares.Now,as100dayshavepassed,Icansaythattheexperimentwasworthit.Iamplanningtostayawayfrommyphoneforaslongaspossible.1．Whatmadethewritercheckthephonemoreoftenthanbefore?2．Whendidthewriterstartnoticinghischanges?3．Whatdoesthewriterplantodowithhisphoneaftertheexperiment?4．Wouldyouliketofollowthewriter’sexample?Whyorwhynot?(Pleasegivetworeasons.)【答案】1．Thefearofmissingoutsomethingimportant.2．Afterthreeweeks.3．Stayawayfromthephoneforaslongaspossible.4．Yes,I’dliketo.BecauseIalsowanttobemorefocused,andIwouldliketoseethebeautifulworldthroughmyeyes./No.BecauseIcanusethephonetoknowmorenewsabouttheworld.AndIcanplaygamesinmyfreetime.【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了作者100天不使用手機(jī)的經(jīng)歷，一開始不使用手機(jī)會(huì)讓人很焦慮，但是三周后發(fā)生了很多可喜的變化，作者注意力更集中，可以更好地發(fā)現(xiàn)這個(gè)世界的美。1．根據(jù)“Butthefearofmissingoutsomethingimportantmademecheckthephonemoreoftenthanbefore.”可知害怕錯(cuò)過重要的消息讓作者查看手機(jī)更頻繁了。故填Thefearofmissingoutsomethingimportant.2．根據(jù)“However,afterthreeweekswithoutamobilephone,Istartednoticingchanges—changeswhichIliked,andwhichdrovemetonotjustcontinuetheexperiment,butinfacttoreorganizesomeofmyhabits.”可知三周后作者開始注意到自己的改變。故填A(yù)fterthreeweeks.3．根據(jù)“Iamplanningtostayawayfrommyphoneforaslongaspossible.”可知作者計(jì)劃盡可能長(zhǎng)時(shí)間地遠(yuǎn)離手機(jī)。故填Stayawayfromthephoneforaslongaspossible.4．主觀發(fā)揮題，言之有理即可。故填Yes,I’dliketo.BecauseIalsowanttobemorefocused,andIwouldliketoseethebeautifulworldthroughmyeyes./No.BecauseIcanusethephonetoknowmorenewsabouttheworld.AndIcanplaygamesinmyfreetime.（2022·北京·中考真題）閱讀短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答問題。WorkingOutthroughOnlineVideosPhysicalexerciseisgoodforourmind,bodyandspirit.Today,workingoutthroughonlinevideosisbecomingverypopular.SincetheInternetiswidelyused,it’sveryeasyforustodoso.Thatmeanswecanworkoutanytimeanywhere.Oneofmyfriends,LinFei.followedshortworkoutvideostododailyexercise.“Withliveprograms,Ifeellikeworkingoutwithmyfriends,whichencouragesmetoholdontothelastminute.”shesaid.Anotherfriendofmine,Michael,toldmethatworkoutvideoslethimfeelsocomfortable.“Ihaveafearofworkingoutatthegym（健身房）becauseIdon’tlikebeingwatchedbyothers.Workingoutathomemakesworkingoutmuchmoreenjoyable.”hesaid.Withtheirexamples,Idecidedtogiveitatry.WhenItoldmyplantomyeldersister,aP.E.teacher,sheremindedmethatworkoutvideoscouldbehelpfulbutmightstillcarrysomeproblems.“Withoutbeingwithsomeoneinperson,youwillbelesswilling（愿意的）toworkouttoyourbest.Workingoutatthegymallowsyoutohaveadviceinrealtimeandgetpushedharder.”mysistersaidtome.“Well,ifyoureallywanttohaveatry.first,chooseproperprogramsorvideos.That’sveryimportant.Andthenaskyourfriendsforadvice.Theirexperiencescangiveyouagoodsightintowhatyoucanexpect.Anyway,don’tbeaddicted（沉迷的）toit.Youshouldtrydifferentwaystoworkouttobehealthy.”Athersuggestions,Ifinallyfollowedanonlineworkoutprogramwithpersonalizedhelpthatisheldforthreemonths.Afterthefirstperiodoftraining,IfeltitverypracticalandhelpfulwhenIputintherightamount（量）ofworkalongwithastrongwill.Comparedwithgoingtothegym,usingonlinevideostoworkoutisamuchcheaperandtime-savingchoice.ButitcanbedifficultsometimeswhenI’mtoolazyortoobusytosticktoit.5．Whichwaytoworkoutisbecomingverypopulartoday?6．WhydoesMichaeldislikeworkingoutatthegym?7．Whatistheproblemofworkingoutwithoutsomeoneelseinperson?8．Howdidthewriterfeelabouthisfirstperiodoftraining?9．Wouldyouliketofollowonlinevideostoworkout?Whyorwhynot?【答案】5．Workingoutthroughonlinevideos.6．Becausehedoesn’tlikebeingwatchedbyothers.7．Withoutbeingwithsomeoneinperson,youwillbelesswillingtoworkouttoyourbest.8．Itisverypracticalandhelpful.9．Yes.BecauseIfeelfreeandrelaxedwhenIfollowonlinevideostoworkout.Itdoesn’tcostmoneyandsavesmytime.【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文，作者在朋友的鼓勵(lì)下跟著視頻進(jìn)行鍛煉，這是方便又節(jié)省時(shí)間的選擇。5．根據(jù)“Today,workingoutthroughonlinevideosisbecomingverypopular.”可知，如今，通過在線視頻健身變得非常流行。故填Workingoutthroughonlinevideos.6．根據(jù)“IhaveafearofworkingoutatthegymbecauseIdon’tlikebeingwatchedbyothers.”可知，Michael害怕在健身房鍛煉，因?yàn)椴幌矚g被別人注視。故填Becausehedoesn’tlikebeingwatchedbyothers.7．根據(jù)“Withoutbeingwithsomeoneinperson,youwillbelesswillingtoworkouttoyourbest.”可知，如果沒有和某人在一起，你就不太愿意努力做到最好。故填Withoutbeingwithsomeoneinperson,youwillbelesswillingtoworkouttoyourbest.8．根據(jù)“Afterthefirstperiodoftraining,IfeltitverypracticalandhelpfulwhenIputintherightamountofworkalongwithastrongwill.”可知，在第一階段的訓(xùn)練后，我覺得我投入了適量的工作和堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的意志，這是非常實(shí)際和有用的。故填I(lǐng)tisverypracticalandhelpful.9．本題屬于開放性試題，言之有理即可。參考答案：Yes.BecauseIfeelfreeandrelaxedwhenIfollowonlinevideostoworkout.Itdoesn’tcostmoneyandsavesmytime.（2021·北京·中考真題）Screen-FreeDaysIrememberthefirsttimeIsuggestedscreen-freedaysinourschooltosomeofourstudentleaders.Jokingly,Isaidtothegroup,“Whatdoyouthinkifwegoaweekwithoutusingourlaptopsorsmartphones?”Theylaughed,andoneofthemsaid,“Noway,Mr.White.Theywouldbetoomuch.”Icouldfeeltheirworry,andtoldthemthatIwasonlyconsideringsinglescreen-freedays.

Eventhatidealeftthemfeelingupset.Accordingtoasurveywedid,moststudentsinourschoolspendaboutsixhoursadayonscreens.Manyofmystudentsstarttheirdaybycheckingtheirsmartphones.Ioftenseethemlookingattheirphoneswhengettingoffthebusoratparents’drop-off,theycan’tusetheirown“screens”atschool.Theyusuallyworkoncomputersatschoolforatleasttwohoursduringtheday.It’sclearthatourstudentsspendalotoftimeonscreens.Wedoseethebenefitsoftechnology.However,weteachersalsowanttomakesurethatstudentshavebalancedlearningandsocialexperiencesawayfromtheirscreens.

That’swhywehavecomeupwiththeideaofscreen-freedays.Duringthecourseoftheyear,wehavebuiltinseveralscreen-freedaysthatrequireustomakedifferentplansforourstudentsabouthowtheywillcommunicatewithoneanotherandtheworldaroundthemwithout“screens”.

Forsometeachers,thismeansbringingbackavaluablelessonplanthathasbeenputoffforsometimebecauseitis“outofdate”.Othershavedesignedsomethingcompletelynew.Funactivities,forexample,cardgamesandroomescape(密室逃脫)games,areorganizedatschool.Intheseactivities,studentssocializewithoutsmartphonesandhaveface-to-facecommunicationwithoutcheckingon“l(fā)ikes”they’vegotonline.Thesefunactivitiesalsomakeitpossibleforthewholegradetoenjoythecompanyoftheirfriendswithnosmartphones.Afterourfirstscreen-freeday,studentsmentionedthattheyweresurprisedtheyenjoyedit.

Findingwaystohelpourstudentsconnectwithoneanotherisimportant.Whiletechnologyisalreadypartofourworld,itshouldn’tplaysuchanimportantroleinalearner’slife.10．Howmanyhoursdomoststudentsintheschoolspendonscreenseveryday?___________________________________________________________________11．Whyhavetheteacherscomeupwiththeideaofscreen-freedays?___________________________________________________________________12．Whatfunactivitiescanthestudentshaveatschool?___________________________________________________________________13．Howdidthestudentsfeelafterthefirstscreen-freeday?___________________________________________________________________14．Whatdoyouthinkoftheideaofscreen-freedays?Whydoyouthinkso?___________________________________________________________________【答案】10．Theyspendaboutsixhoursonscreenseveryday.11．Becausetheywanttomakesurethatstudentshavebalancedlearningandsocialexperiencesawayfromtheirscreens.12．Theycanhavefunactivitieslikecardgamesandroomescapegames.13．Theyweresurprisedtheyenjoyedit.14．本題屬于開放性試題，言之有理即可。參考答案：Ithinkitisagoodidea.Becauseitisnotonlygoodforourhealthbutalsohelpsuskeepagoodrelationshipwithrealfriends.【分析】本文向我們介紹學(xué)校的無屏幕日，起初學(xué)生認(rèn)為這是不可能的，但是慢慢發(fā)現(xiàn)無屏幕日帶來更多的是好處。10．根據(jù)“Accordingtoasurveywedid,moststudentsinourschoolspendaboutsixhoursadayonscreens.”可知，根據(jù)調(diào)查，學(xué)校的大多數(shù)學(xué)生每天花大約6小時(shí)在屏幕上。故填Theyspendaboutsixhoursonscreenseveryday.11．根據(jù)“However,weteachersalsowanttomakesurethatstudentshavebalancedlearningandsocialexperiencesawayfromtheirscreens.That’swhywehavecomeupwiththeideaofscreen-freedays.”可知，我們老師也希望確保學(xué)生在遠(yuǎn)離屏幕的情況下能夠平衡學(xué)習(xí)和社交體驗(yàn)，這就是提出“無屏幕日”理念的原因。故填Becausetheywanttomakesurethatstudentshavebalancedlearningandsocialexperiencesawayfromtheirscreens.12．根據(jù)“Funactivities,forexample,cardgamesandroomescape(密室逃脫)games,areorganizedatschool.”可知，學(xué)校組織了一些有趣的活動(dòng)，比如紙牌游戲和密室逃生游戲。故填Theycanhavefunactivitieslikecardgamesandroomescapegames.13．根據(jù)“Afterourfirstscreen-freeday,studentsmentionedthattheyweresurprisedtheyenjoyedit.”可知，在第一個(gè)無屏幕日之后，學(xué)生們提到，他們很驚訝自己能喜歡它。故填Theyweresurprisedtheyenjoyedit.14．本題屬于開放性試題，言之有理即可。參考答案：Ithinkitisagoodidea.Becauseitisnotonlygoodforourhealthbutalsohelpsuskeepagoodrelationshipwithrealfriends.（2020·北京·中考真題）This12-year-oldGirlBuiltaRobottoFindPlasticsintheOceanAnnaDuwaswalkingalongthebeachwhenshenoticedplasticsthere.Shereacheddowntopickthemup,andquicklyrealizedthereweremanymoretinypiecesthanshecoulddealwith.Itseemedimpossibletocleanthemallup.Du,12yearsoldatthetime,triedtosolvetheproblemlikeanygoodscientist—first,bydoingalittleresearch.That’showshelearnedthat8milliontonsofplasticsendupintheoceanseveryyear.Thenshegottoworkbuildingsomethingthatcouldhelpsolvetheproblem;aremote-operatedvehicle(遙控潛水器),orROV.HerROVcanmovethroughwaterandfindplasticsontheoceanfloor.TheactuallycoolpartofDu’sROVisthedetection(探測(cè))system.Sheusesacameraalongwiththreedifferentkindsoflighttofindtheplastics.Shealsousesvisible(可見的)lighttofindunnaturalcolorsthatmightmaketheplasticsstandout.“Shehasaverygoodengineeringsensetobreakdownaproblemlikethisandthengoafterit,”saysengineerCaseyMachado.“Itsoundssimple,butit’salevelofthinkingthat’sreallyamazing.”Dustartedattendingpubliceventsandworkshopsatauniversitywhenshewasfiveyearsold,andsoshepickeduptheengineeringskillsnecessarytobuildherROV.ShesaysactuallygettingherROVtomovethroughwaterwellwasnoteasy.Shefailedmanytimes,butshenevergaveuptryingandtesting.Whenaskedaboutfutureplans,shementionswantingtoaddresstheeffectsofclimate(氣候)change.“Ithinktherearealotofproblemsthatcouldbesolvedwithnewinventions,”saysDu.Duthanksherparents,whoforyearshavetakenhertostudentoutreachactivities,forsupportingherinterestinscience,technology,engineeringandmath(STEM).Shesaysshehasbeenabletomeetstudentsandscientiststhere.“IknowIwanttobeanengineerbecauseIlikebuildingthingstohelpsolveworldproblems,”saysDu.“ButI’mnotsurewhatkindofengineerIwanttobeyet.”15．WhatdidAnnaDunoticewhilewalkingalongthebeach?____________________________________________________________________16．HowoldwasDuwhenshedidalittleresearchtosolvetheproblem?____________________________________________________________________17．WhatcanDu’sROVdo?____________________________________________________________________18．WhydoesDuwanttobeanengineerinthefuture?____________________________________________________________________19．WhatmadeDusucceedinbuildingherROV?____________________________________________________________________【答案】15．Shenoticedplastics.16．Shewas12yearsold.17．Itcanmovethroughwaterandfindplasticsontheoceanfloor.18．Becauseshelikesbuildingthingstohelpsolveworldproblems.19．Hergoodengineeringsensetobreakdownaproblem,theengineeringskillsnecessarytobuildit,herpersistence(notgivingup)andherparents'support.（另外答出thecarefulobservation,theawarenessofprotectingtheoceans也可酌情給分）【分析】文章大意：本文主要講AnnaDu十二歲時(shí)就制作了自己的遙控潛水器，她從小就對(duì)STEM感興趣，長(zhǎng)大后想成為一名工程師，幫助解決世界問題。15．根據(jù)第1段中“AnnaDuwaswalkingalongthebeachwhenshenoticedplasticsthere.”可知AnnaDu在海灘散步的時(shí)候注意到了塑料。故答案為：Shenoticedplastics.16．根據(jù)第2段中“Du,12yearsoldatthetime,triedtosolvetheproblemlikeanygoodscientist—first,bydoingalittleresearch.”可知Du做了一點(diǎn)調(diào)查來解決這個(gè)問題的時(shí)候，她12歲了。故答案為Shewas12yearsold.17．根據(jù)第3段中“HerROVcanmovethroughwaterandfindplasticsontheoceanfloor.”可知Du的ROV能夠在水中移動(dòng)，找到海底的塑料。故答案為：Itcanmovethroughwaterandfindplasticsontheoceanfloor.18．根據(jù)最后一段中Du的話“IknowIwanttobeanengineerbecauseIlikebuildingthingstohelpsolveworldproblems”可知她想要成為一名工程師是因?yàn)樗矚g制造東西來幫助解決世界問題。故答案為：Becauseshelikesbuildingthingstohelpsolveworldproblems.19．根據(jù)第5段中“Shehasaverygoodengineeringsensetobreakdownaproblemlikethisandthengoafterit”可知她在解決問題方面有良好工程悟性；根據(jù)第6段中“andsoshepickeduptheengineeringskillsnecessarytobuildherROV”可知她學(xué)會(huì)了建造ROV所需的工程技術(shù)；根據(jù)第6段中“Shefailedmanytimes,but

shenevergaveuptryingandtesting.”可知她不輕言放棄；根據(jù)倒數(shù)第2段中“Duthanksherparents,whoforyearshavetakenhertostudentoutreachactivities,forsupportingherinterestinscience,technology,engineeringandmath(STEM).”可知Du的父母很支持她。這幾點(diǎn)都是她成功制作ROV的重要因素。故答案為：Hergoodengineeringsensetobreakdownaproblem,theengineeringskillsnecessarytobuildit,herpersistence(notgivingup)andherparents'support.（另外答出thecarefulobservation,theawarenessofprotectingtheoceans也可酌情給分）（2024·北京海淀·二模）閱讀短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答問題。Thedayhadbeengood,butschoolwastiring.Iwaslyingonmysofa,mindlesslyscrolling(滾屏)throughsocialmedia,obsessed(癡迷)withsomeoneelse’sfancylife.Withoutevenknowingit,Iwascomparingmyselftoothers.Infact,I’mnotalone!Comparingissomethingwestrugglewitheveryday.Studiesshowthatanytimeathoughtcomestoourminds,there’sa1-in-10chancethatwe’recomparingourselvestoothers.Socialcomparisontheorystatesthatpeoplewouldjudgetheirownsocialandpersonalworthbycomparingthemselvestoothersaroundthem.ComparisonhadbeenthethiefofmyjoyforlonguntilonedayIrealizedthatitispointlesstocompareourselveswithothers—wearecomparingourweaknessestosomeone’sstrengths.IstillrememberseveralmomentswhenIthoughttheworstofmyselfbecauseIthoughtthebestofsomeoneelse.Forexample,everytimeIsawKaylaperformingwellatherschoolwork,thefirstthingthatpoppedintomymindwasawishthatIcouldbeassmartasher.Ikeptaskingmyself,“Whycouldn’tIjustbelikeher?”IpracticallypraisedKaylawhilehatingmyselfatthesametime.Idecidedtochange.Istartedtofocusonimprovingmyselfinsteadofcomparingwithothers.Itookupreadingonebookeverymonth.Istartednewhobbies.Thishelpedmetodiscoveranewself.Ilearnedtoappreciate(欣賞)whatIhad.Everyday,IwrotedownthingsIwashappyaboutandchosetobearoundpeoplewhomademefeelgood.Thismademevaluemylifeandseehowspecialitis.AndIchangedhowIused

socialmedia.Insteadofaimlesslyscrolling,Icustomized(定制)mysocialmediafeeds(推送)toincludemoreeducationalandinspirationalinformation.Ifelthappierandwaslesslikelytocomparemyselftoothers.Inourlives,it’simportanttoaskourselvesakeyquestion:arewetendingto(照料)ourowngardenorareweonlyvisitors,admiringthebeautifulgardensofotherswhilefailingtocareforourown?Trynottogetlostincomparingyourselftootherssinceeveryoneisdifferent.Discoveryourgiftsandletthemshine!20．Whatwasthewriterobsessedwithonsocialmedia?21．Howdopeoplejudgetheirsocialandpersonalworthaccordingtosocialcomparisontheory?22．Whydoesthewriterthinkitispointlesstocompareourselvestoothers?23．Whatdoyouthinkofthewaysthewritertooktoavoidpointlesscomparison?Why?(Pleasegivetworeasons)【答案】20．Someoneelse’sfancylife.21．Bycomparingthemselvestoothersaroundthem./Theycomparethemselvestoothersaroundthem.22．Becausewearecomparingourweaknessestosomeone’sstrengths.23．Ithinkthewriter’sviewisquitecorrect.Becausecomparingyourselftoothersmakesyoufeelbad.Besides,itcanmaskyourowntalent.【導(dǎo)語】本文主要講述了不要和他人比較，因?yàn)檫@是毫無意義的，作者具體介紹了自己做法。20．根據(jù)“obsessed(癡迷)withsomeoneelse’sfancylife”可知，作者癡迷于他人的美好生活。故填Someoneelse’sfancylife.21．根據(jù)“Socialcomparisontheorystatesthatpeoplewouldjudgetheirownsocialandpersonalworthbycomparingthemselvestoothersaroundthem”可知，社會(huì)比較理論認(rèn)為，人們會(huì)通過與周圍的人進(jìn)行比較來判斷自己的社會(huì)價(jià)值和個(gè)人價(jià)值。故填Bycomparingthemselvestoothersaroundthem./Theycomparethemselvestoothersaroundthem.22．根據(jù)“ComparisonhadbeenthethiefofmyjoyforlonguntilonedayIrealizedthatitispointlesstocompareourselveswithothers—wearecomparingourweaknessestosomeone’sstrengths”可知，因?yàn)槲覀兪窃谀米约旱娜秉c(diǎn)和別人的優(yōu)點(diǎn)作比較。故填Becausewearecomparingourweaknessestosomeone’sstrengths.23．開放性作答，言之有理即可。參考答案為Ithinkthewriter’sviewisquitecorrect.Becausecomparingyourselftoothersmakesyoufeelbad.Besides,itcanmaskyourowntalent.（2024·北京平谷·一模）閱讀短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答問題。Haveyoueverseenshadowplays?TheshadowplayisoneoftheoldestpuppetperformancesinChina.ItwasapopularfolkdramainancientChinaandalsotheancestor(祖先)ofthefilmsintheworld.Shadowplayswereonceapopularformofentertainment,andtheywerealsousedforreligious(宗教)andinstructionalpurposes.Simpletoperform,dramaswereplayedoutonscreensorwallsforthousandsofyears,andtheshadowplayisstillperformedinChinatoday.Asimplelampandathinscreenwereallthatwereneededforastage.Thingslikepeople,animals,furniture,wallsandplantswereshownonthescreenbyplacingfigurinesorfiguresmadeofcardboardorleatherinfrontofthelamp.Thelamplightedthescreenfrombehind,andpeoplecouldmovelittlefigurinesaroundfortheatricalperformances.Withaddedmusicandsoundeffects,theplayscouldbequiteentertainingiftheywerewellperformed.Thesewereancientdramasorcartoons,andtheywereevencolorizedforaddedentertainmentbyusingcoloredtranslucent(半透明的)figurines.Thelamplightcastacoloredshadow.Onecanimaginethatstone-agepeoplesatnexttocampfiresandwatchedstoriesplayedoutonrockwallsbyshadowscastbyusingtheirhandsorfigurines.ItissaidthattheMongolsinthe13thcenturylikedtowatchshadowplaysintheircamps.Theytooktheentertainmentwiththem,anditbecameapopularentertainmentintheYuanEmpireofthe13thcentury.ShadowplayswereperformedinFrancewhenFrenchmissionaries(傳教士)returnedfromChinain1767andputonperformancesinParisandMarseilles.ItissaidthatthisishowtheshadowplaywasintroducedtoEurope.TheplayswerepopularinFrance,andtheywerecalled“ChineseShadows”atfirst.Nowadays,performersuseplastics,computercontrolledlightningandmachinery,andmodernpaintanddyestoproducebrightandcolorfulshadowfigures.Theycanproduceimagesthatarecontrolledbycomputers,andthesecanbeusedforanimationandentertainmenteffectsinplays.Itisdifficultforshadowpuppeteerstocompetewithmodernentertainmenttechnologiesforanaudience,butsomeofthemareusingmodernmaterialsandadoptingtechnologytohelpstageinterestingentertainmentinChina.24．Whatwereshadowplaysusedfor?25．HowwereshadowplaysintroducedtoEurope?26．Whatchallengedoshadowpuppeteersmeet?27．