2024-2025年中考專題 被動(dòng)語態(tài) 課件

中考被動(dòng)語態(tài)專項(xiàng)目錄一、定義和構(gòu)成二、不同時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)和句式變化三、用法和注意事項(xiàng)：無被動(dòng)和其他特殊情況四、做題方法和練習(xí)題一、定義和構(gòu)成1定義動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者/發(fā)出者主動(dòng)語態(tài)被動(dòng)語態(tài)動(dòng)作承受者/接收者語態(tài)

:動(dòng)詞的一種形式，說明主語和謂語動(dòng)詞的關(guān)系。Manypeople?plant?trees.Treesareplanted?by?manypeople.主動(dòng)語態(tài)被動(dòng)語態(tài)主語謂語賓語主語賓語謂語主動(dòng)變被動(dòng)方法:1.主變賓，賓變主2.謂動(dòng)變成be+done3.by在被動(dòng)賓前加4.其他成分都不變2結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+助動(dòng)詞(be)+動(dòng)詞過去分詞Treesareplanted?by?manypeople.注意：be動(dòng)詞有人稱和數(shù)的變化過去分詞的變化-規(guī)則變形一般直接加-ed；見e直接加-d;重讀閉音節(jié),雙寫尾字母再加-ed；輔y結(jié)尾變?yōu)閕，再把ed加。show--showedwash--washedwatch--watchedstop--stoppedplan--plannedtrip—trippeddrop—droppedtry--triedcry—criedstudy--studiedcarry—carriedlive--livedhope--hopeddance--danced過去分詞的變化-不規(guī)則變形put_______________cut_______________hurt_______________begin_______________drink_______________fall_______________run_______________come_______________become_______________think_______________buy_______________bring_______________teach_______________catch_______________feel_______________keep_______________sleep_______________sell_______________hold_______________putputcutcuthurthurtbeganbegundrankdrunkfellfallenranruncamecomebecamebecomethoughtthoughtboughtboughtbroughtbroughttaughttaughtcaughtcaughtfeltfeltkeptkeptsleptsleptsoldsoldheldheld

二、不同時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)和句式變化主動(dòng)語態(tài)被動(dòng)語態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)do/doesam/is/are+done一般過去時(shí)didwas/were+done一般將來時(shí)will+dowillbe+done現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)have/has+donehave/hasbeen+done含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+do情態(tài)動(dòng)詞be+done注：標(biāo)紅為課標(biāo)要求1.不同時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)2.句式變化一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)1243肯定句：主語+am/is/are+過去分詞+其他否定句：主語+am/is/are+not+過去分詞+其他一般疑問句：Am/is/are+主語+過去分詞+其他特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+am/is/are+主語+過去分詞+其他一般過去時(shí)1243肯定句：主語+was/were+過去分詞+其他否定句：主語+was/were+not+過去分詞+其他一般疑問句：Was/were+主語+過去分詞+其他特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+was/were+主語+過去分詞+其他含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞1243肯定句：主語+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be+過去分詞+其他否定句：主語+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+not+be+過去分詞+其他一般疑問句：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語+be+過去分詞+其他特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語+be+過去分詞+其他

三、用法和注意事項(xiàng)1.用法1.不知道或沒有必要強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者2.需要強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者，3.出于禮貌方面的考慮不愿說出動(dòng)作的承受者ThesebooksarewrittenforstudentsChineseisspokenbymoreandmorepeopleintheworld.Hewasaskedtogiveatalk2.注意事項(xiàng)主系表結(jié)構(gòu)1therebe結(jié)構(gòu)2主動(dòng)句的謂語動(dòng)詞為不及物動(dòng)詞34主動(dòng)句中賓語是反身代詞無被動(dòng)語態(tài)的情況Mymothergaveme

apencil.一、含有雙賓語的主動(dòng)句變被動(dòng)句雙賓語直接賓語間接賓語動(dòng)作的承受者：表示物的賓語apencil動(dòng)作的目標(biāo)：表示人的賓語me其他特殊情況可接雙賓語的詞：搭配to:

bring,give,ask,lend,send,show,take,tell，pass搭配for:buy，order，cookMymothergaveme

apencil

間接賓語直接賓語間接賓語做主語直接賓語做主語I

wasgivenapencilbymymother.Apencilwasgiven

to

mebymymother.注意：直接賓語做主語，要在間接賓語前加介詞to或forHelooksafterhisyoungersister.Hisyoungersisterislookedafterbyhim.注意：介詞不可省略二、動(dòng)詞短語變被動(dòng)動(dòng)詞+介詞動(dòng)詞+副詞動(dòng)詞短語三、主語+謂語+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語結(jié)構(gòu)變被動(dòng)I

see

a

boy

playintheplayground.

A

boy

is

seen

to

play

into

the

building.Hemakesthegirlstayathome.Thegirlismade

tostayathomebyhim.主動(dòng)句的賓語補(bǔ)足語是不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式，變被動(dòng)應(yīng)加上to常見不帶to的結(jié)構(gòu)：感官動(dòng)詞：hear,feel,notice,watch,see,look,observe使役動(dòng)詞：make，let，have一、定語態(tài)二、判時(shí)態(tài)三、變被動(dòng)標(biāo)志詞&上下句做題方法1.English__________(use)asaforeignlanguageinourcountry.2.I________________(invite)tothepartyyesterday.3.Thefilm________________(show)ontheTVnextmonth.4.Thetask_______________(finish)inanhour.5.Weusethecameratotakephotos.(改為被動(dòng)語態(tài))Thecamera________________totakephotosbyus.6.Theythoughtmyfather?soldtoolscould_________(put)togooduse.例題isusedwasinvitedwillbeshownwillbefinishedisusedbeput1.Theplay____________(show)atthetheatrenextSunday.2.Jillwearspairofblackpearlearrings.(改為被動(dòng)語態(tài))Apairofblackpearlearrings________________byJill.3.Wastepapershouldn’t____________(throw)everywhere.4.Thepicture_______________(create)byagroupofstudents.5.Chinese____________(spe