T-CI 328-2024 被動(dòng)光學(xué)衛(wèi)星遙感淺水水下地形反演技術(shù)規(guī)范

T/CI328—2024被動(dòng)光學(xué)衛(wèi)星遙感淺水水下地形反演技術(shù)規(guī)范Technicalspecificationforshallowwaterbathymetryusingpassiveopticalsatelliteremotesensing中國(guó)國(guó)際科技促進(jìn)會(huì)發(fā)布I 2 2 2 3 37.2遙感影像處理 3 5 58.2基于波譜匹配的查找表法 5 6 6 6 6 6 6 7 9本文件按照GB/T1.1—2020《標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化工作導(dǎo)則第1部分：標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化文件的結(jié)構(gòu)請(qǐng)注意本文件的某些內(nèi)容可能涉及專利。本文件的發(fā)布機(jī)構(gòu)不承擔(dān)識(shí)別專利1本文件適用于采用被動(dòng)光學(xué)衛(wèi)星遙感對(duì)不超過(guò)1倍塞氏盤(pán)可見(jiàn)深度的大洋水體進(jìn)行的水下地形反演2規(guī)范性引用文件3.1被動(dòng)光學(xué)衛(wèi)星遙感passiveopticalsatel不接觸物體本身，衛(wèi)星傳感器被動(dòng)接收目標(biāo)物的可見(jiàn)光-近紅外電磁波信息，經(jīng)處理、分析后，識(shí)3.2水體其固有光學(xué)參數(shù)的變化主要由浮游植物及其附屬物的變化決定3.33.423.53.63.7耀斑校正flarecorrecti4符號(hào)與縮略語(yǔ)NDWI：歸一化水體指數(shù)（NormalizedDifferenceWatNIR：近紅外波段（NearInfrared）5.3深度基準(zhǔn)面應(yīng)采用理論最低潮面，在遠(yuǎn)離大陸的島、礁，其深度基準(zhǔn)面可采用當(dāng)?shù)仄骄Ｆ矫妗?.6成果的生產(chǎn)、分發(fā)和使用應(yīng)符合保密的相關(guān)規(guī)定。3被動(dòng)光學(xué)衛(wèi)星衛(wèi)星遙感影像篩選遙感影像處理輻射校正耀斑校正基于波譜匹配的查找表法水下地形反演基于波譜匹配的查找表法非線性光譜優(yōu)化法產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量檢查水下地形提取產(chǎn)品7.1衛(wèi)星遙感影像篩選注：在一般情況下，空間分辨率優(yōu)于30m更有利于水下地形衛(wèi)星遙感選擇與測(cè)量任務(wù)需求時(shí)間相近的、成像質(zhì)量等可見(jiàn)光波段和近紅外波段(770-89a)影像層次豐富、色彩清晰、色調(diào)均勻、反差適b)影像無(wú)傳感器條帶噪聲，主要工作區(qū)無(wú)明顯環(huán)境噪聲。7.2遙感影像處理47.2.1.1.2波段λ的輻射亮度應(yīng)依據(jù)以下計(jì)算公式計(jì)算：Lλ=k?DN+c··················································(1)a)應(yīng)在影像上選取明顯清晰、便于識(shí)別和相對(duì)固定的點(diǎn)位標(biāo)志作b)控制點(diǎn)在影像上均勻分布；b)對(duì)選取區(qū)域內(nèi)的像元，以近紅外波段為X軸，以可見(jiàn)光波段為Y軸進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)回歸分析，確定斜c)根據(jù)耀斑校正公式獲取整幅影像耀斑Rwb(λ)=R(λ)?b(λ)[R(NIR)?Rmin(NIR)]································(2)R(NIR)——近紅外波段地表反射率值。7.2.4.1使用NDWI提取遙感影像水體，將陸地進(jìn)行掩膜處理。NDWI的計(jì)算使用綠波段（Green）和近紅外波段（NIR）。7.2.4.2NDWI值計(jì)算公式如下：NDWI=···············································RGreen——綠波段地表反射率值；RNIR——近紅外波段地表反射率值。58水下地形反演方法8.1.1基于輻射傳輸方程的半解析模型，采用非線性光譜優(yōu)化法求解淺海水深及海水固有光學(xué)8.1.3非線性光譜優(yōu)化法應(yīng)采用下列基本流程：rrs(λ)=f[a(λ),bb(λ),p(λ),H,θw,θv,φ]·································(4)b)未知數(shù)[a(λ),bb(λ),p(λ),H]參數(shù)rrs(λ)=f[P,G,X,B,H]·············································(5)P——浮游植物色素的吸收系數(shù)；c)使用非線性光譜優(yōu)化法解算方程。在解算過(guò)程error=··········································(λi)——方程組模型計(jì)算的遙感反射比。8.2.1基于輻射傳輸方程的半解析模型，采用基于波譜匹配的查找表法求解淺海水深及海水固有光學(xué)8.2.2應(yīng)采用覆蓋可見(jiàn)光近紅外波長(zhǎng)的高光譜遙感影像。8.2.3基本流程包含建立水體遙感反射率波譜庫(kù)、查找表和波譜匹配等三個(gè)步驟，應(yīng)符合以下a)利用基于水體輻射傳輸方程的水體仿真模型（如Hydrolight）模擬不同成分、b)基于仿真的水體遙感反射率波譜庫(kù)構(gòu)建“遙感反射率光譜-水深”查找表；6c)逐點(diǎn)將高光譜遙感影像預(yù)處理后的遙感反射率檢索“遙感反射率光譜-水9成果質(zhì)量檢查9.1.1應(yīng)利用實(shí)測(cè)水深數(shù)據(jù)，對(duì)水下地形反演結(jié)果進(jìn)行精度評(píng)價(jià)。定量評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)使用RMSE和MRE。RMSE=√·············································MRE=···············································n——實(shí)測(cè)水深樣本數(shù)量。9.2水下地形反演產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量檢查9.2.1檢查因船舶、養(yǎng)殖箱等水面設(shè)施遮擋水下光學(xué)信號(hào)造成提取結(jié)果異常的區(qū)域，掩膜消10.1成果提交要求10.2成果提交內(nèi)容b)精度評(píng)價(jià)及技術(shù)總結(jié)；7A.1非線性光譜優(yōu)化法被動(dòng)光學(xué)遙感影像預(yù)處理后，將水面以上的遙感反射比Rrs轉(zhuǎn)換為次水表面遙感反射比rrs，轉(zhuǎn)換式根據(jù)光學(xué)淺水中單次及準(zhǔn)單次散射理論以及單一輻射傳輸過(guò)程，次水表面遙rrs=rrp[1?exp+KH)]+pexp+KH)··········(A.2)D=1.03(1+2.4μ)0.5···························································(A.3)D=1.04(1+5.4μ)0.5·························································(A.4)μ=bb/(a+bb)································································(A.5)k=a+bb·····································································(A.6)bb=bbw+bbp·································································(A.7)a=aw+ap?y+adg····························································(A.8)a——吸收系數(shù)；aw——純海水吸收系數(shù)；adg——有色可溶有機(jī)物和碎屑的吸收系數(shù)；ap?y——浮游植物色素吸收系數(shù)。rrp=gμ······································································(A.9)g=g0+g1μg2·······························································(A.10)其中，若g0=0.084;g1=0.170;g2=1。則公式A.9表示為：rrp=(0.084+0.170μ)μ·······················································(A.11)rrs(λ)=f[aw(λ),bb(λ),p(λ),H,θw,θv,φ]·········································(A.12)rrs(λ1)=f[aw(λ1),bbw(λ1),ap?y(λ1),adg(λ1),bbp(λ1),p(λ1),H]rrs(λ2)=f[aw(λ2),bbw(λ2),ap?y(λ2),adg(λ2),bbp(λ2),p(λ2),H]…8rrs(λn)=f[aw(λn),bbw(λn),ap?y(λn),adg(λn),bbp(λn),p(λn),H]····················(A.13)其中：aw(λ),bbw(λ)為已知量，因此，對(duì)于每一個(gè)rrs(λn)光譜，有4個(gè)與光譜有關(guān)的未知量ap?y(λ),adg(λ),bbp(λ),p(λ)和1個(gè)與光譜無(wú)關(guān)的未知量H，對(duì)于n個(gè)方程，則有4n+1個(gè)未知量需要被aphy(λ)=[a0(λ)+a1(λ)ln(P)]P···············································(A.14)P——波長(zhǎng)440nm處的浮游植物色素吸收系數(shù)，P=ap?yadg(λ)=Ge?S(λ?400)··························································(A.15)S——光譜斜率，S=0.015nm?1為經(jīng)驗(yàn)系數(shù)，取值0.011-0.021nm?1。bbp(λ)=X(550/λ)y···························································(A.16)p(λ)=Bp+··································································(A.17)p+——?dú)w一化550nm底質(zhì)反射率。半解析模型引入?yún)?shù)化模型后，遙感反射比方程組能改寫(xiě)為僅有5個(gè)未知量的方程組，見(jiàn)公式rrs(λ1)=