專題20：完形填空 -2023年中考英語考試研究（解析版）（上海專用）

專題20完形填空1.（2022·上海中考真題）Choosethebestanswerandcompletethepassage（選擇最恰當(dāng)?shù)倪x項完成短文）（12分）StarWomanWangZhenyi(王貞儀)(1768—1797)HaveyoueverheardofWangZhenyi?Perhapsmostofusdidn’tknowthisgreatnameuntilshewasintroducedinaCCTVprogramme.WangZhenyiwasagreatChinese____61____.ShewasbornintheQingDynasty.Atthattime,girlshadnochancetogetaformaleducation.However,herfatherandgrandfatherwereopen-minded.Theythoughtgirlsshouldshareequalopportunitieswithboys.They____62____hertoreadthebooksintheirhomelibrary.WangZhenyieducatedherselfandreadalotaboutastronomy(thestudyofthestars,planets,etc.),maths,geographyaswellasmedicine.Later,shedecidedto____63____astronomy.Inhertime,manypeopleexpectedthestarstotellwhatwasgoingtohappen.Theythoughtcertaineventsinthesky,suchaslunareclipses(月食)happenedwhengodswereangry.ButWangZhenyithoughtdifferently.Shebelievedinfactsandobservation.Inordertoexplainthose“strange”events,shedidsome____64____.Inone,sheusedaroundtableastheEarth,alampastheSunandamirrorastheMoon.Shemovedthemaroundtoshowwhat____65____happensduringalunareclipse:whentheEarthispassingdirectlybetweentheSunandtheMoon,thesunlightcannotreachtheMoonandtheMoon“disappears”.Throughouthershortlife,WangZhenyiwrotemanyarticlesaboutherresearch.Inherarticles,sheexplaineddifficultideasinclearand____66____wayssothatpeoplecouldunderstandsciencemoreeasily.Shehelpedmakescienceavailabletomorepeople.61.A.doctor B.scientist C.lawyer D.teacher62.A.invited B.selected C.followed D.encouraged63.A.relyon B.showoff C.focuson D.talkabout64.A.exercises B.drawings C.reviews D.experiments65.A.actually B.suddenly C.nearly D.recently66.A.simple B.polite C.funny D.traditional【答案】61.B62.D63.C64.D65.A66.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文，介紹了清朝著名女科學(xué)家——王貞儀?！?1題詳解】句意：王貞儀是一位偉大的中國科學(xué)家。doctor醫(yī)生；scientist科學(xué)家；lawyer律師；teacher老師。根據(jù)文章最后“Shehelpedmakescienceavailabletomorepeople.”可知，王貞儀是一位科學(xué)家。故選B?！?2題詳解】句意：他們鼓勵她閱讀家里圖書館里的書。invited邀請；selected選擇；followed跟隨；encouraged鼓勵。根據(jù)上文“However,herfatherandgrandfatherwereopen-minded.Theythoughtgirlsshouldshareequalopportunitieswithboys.”可知，王貞儀的父親和祖父思想開放，鼓勵王貞儀閱讀書籍；encouragesb.todosth.“鼓勵某人做某事”。故選D?！?3題詳解】句意：后來，她決定專攻天文學(xué)。relyon依賴；showoff炫耀；focuson集中于，專注于；talkabout談?wù)?。根?jù)上文“WangZhenyieducatedherselfandreadalotaboutastronomy(thestudyofthestars,planets,etc.),maths,geographyaswellasmedicine.”可知，起初，王貞儀自學(xué)天文學(xué)、數(shù)學(xué)、地理和醫(yī)學(xué)，后來她決定專注于天文學(xué)這一門學(xué)科。故選C?！?4題詳解】句意：為了解釋那些“奇怪”的事件，她做了一些實驗。exercises練習(xí)；drawings圖紙；reviews評論；experiments實驗。根據(jù)下文“sheusedaroundtableastheEarth,alampastheSunandamirrorastheMoon”可知，把一張圓桌作為地球，一盞燈作為太陽，一面鏡子作為月亮，這是王貞儀為解釋自然現(xiàn)象所做的實驗。故選D?！?5題詳解】句意：她將它們四處移動，以展示月食期間實際發(fā)生的情況：當(dāng)?shù)厍蛑苯哟┻^太陽和月球之間時，陽光無法到達月球，月球“消失”。actually實際上；suddenly突然；nearly幾乎；recently最近。根據(jù)下文“whentheEarthispassingdirectlybetweentheSunandtheMoon…”可知，王貞儀在實驗中驗證月食期間實際發(fā)生的情況。故選A?！?6題詳解】句意：在她的文章中，她用清晰、簡單的方式解釋難懂的觀點，讓人們更容易理解科學(xué)。simple簡單的；polite禮貌的；funny有趣的；traditional傳統(tǒng)的。根據(jù)下文“sothatpeoplecouldunderstandsciencemoreeasily”可知，王貞儀以一種簡單明了的方式讓人們更容易理解科學(xué)。故選A。2.（2021·上海中考真題）Whatdoyouneedforaninventiontobeasuccess?Tobeginwith,goodtimingisvery45.Youcanhaveagoodideawhichthepublicdoesn’twantyet.TakeGiovanniCaselliasanexample.Heinventedthefirstfaxmachineinthe1860s.Thoughthequalitywasexcellent,hisinventionquickly46.Thefaxmachinedidnotbecomeanecessarypieceofequipmentineveryofficeuntilthe1980s.Moneyalsohelps.TheFrenchmanDenisPapinhadtheideaforasteamenginealmostahundredyearsbeforeJamesWattwasborn.Denisneverhadenoughmoneyto47one.Youalsoneedtobepatient.Ittookscientistsnearlyeightyyearstoinventalightbulb.48,youshouldn’tbetooslow.Inthe1870s,ElishaGraydevelopedplansforatelephone.Graysawitonlyas“abeautifultoy”.WhenhefinallysentdetailsofhisinventiontothePatentOffice(專利局)onFebruary14th,1876,itwastoo49.Almostthesamedesignshadarrivedjusttwohoursearlier.TheyoungmanwhosentthemwasAlexanderGrahamBell.Heisrememberedastheinventorofthetelephone.Ofcoursewhatyoureallyneedisawonderfulidea.Ifyouhaven’tgotone,awalkinthecountrysideandacarefullookat50canhelp.TheSwissscientist,GeorgedeMestral,hadtheideaforVelcro(粘扣)whenhefoundhisclothescoveredinstickyseedpodsafterawalkinthecountryside.45．A．interesting B．important C．personal D．satisfying46．A．died B．improved C．spread D．a(chǎn)ppeared47．A．deliver B．repair C．use D．build48．A．However B．Instead C．Sofar D．Atlast49．A．modern B．difficult C．late D．old50．A．society B．nature C．pictures D．a(chǎn)dvertisements【答案】45.B46．A47．D48．A49．C50．B【分析】文章介紹了一項發(fā)明成功需要的幾個條件。45．句意：首先，好的時機非常重要。interesting有趣的；important重要的；personal個人的；satisfying滿足的；根據(jù)“Thoughthequalitywasexcellent,hisinventionquickly...Thefaxmachinedidnotbecomeanecessarypieceofequipmentineveryofficeuntilthe1980s.”可知，發(fā)明的時機是很重要的，故選B。46．句意：雖然質(zhì)量很好，但他的發(fā)明很快就銷聲匿跡了。died死的；improved提高；spread傳播；appeared出現(xiàn)；根據(jù)“Thefaxmachinedidnotbecomeanecessarypieceofequipmentineveryofficeuntilthe1980s.”可知，傳真機的發(fā)明銷聲匿跡了，故選A。47．句意：丹尼斯從來沒有足夠的錢建造一個。deliver遞送；repair修理；use使用；build修建；根據(jù)“Denisneverhadenoughmoney”及句意可知，是沒有錢建造蒸汽機，故選D。48．句意：然而，你不應(yīng)該太慢。However然而；Instead代替；Sofar到目前為止；Atlast最后；根據(jù)“Ittookscientistsnearlyeightyyearstoinventalightbulb.”以及“Inthe1870s...TheyoungmanwhosentthemwasAlexanderGrahamBell.”可知，此處是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，應(yīng)用however連接，故選A。49．句意：當(dāng)他最終于1876年2月14日將自己發(fā)明的細節(jié)提交給專利局時，為時已晚。modern現(xiàn)代的；difficult困難的；late晚的；old老的；根據(jù)“Almostthesamedesignshadarrivedjusttwohoursearlier.”可知，此處說的是提交的專利已經(jīng)晚了，故選C。50．句意：如果你還沒有，在鄉(xiāng)間散步和仔細觀察大自然會有所幫助。society社會；nature自然；pictures圖片；advertisements廣告；根據(jù)“TheSwissscientist,GeorgedeMestral,hadtheideaforVelcro(粘扣)whenhefoundhisclothescoveredinstickyseedpodsafterawalkinthecountryside.”可知，此處指的是“觀察大自然”，故選B。一：近年中考真題完形填空題型呈現(xiàn)以下特點:文體:說明文(6年3考)、論文(62)、記文2016);話題:青少年成長(6年3考)、科技發(fā)明(2021)、社會現(xiàn)象(2018)、教育引導(dǎo)(2016);詞數(shù)和段落:詞數(shù):250~330個，生詞0~2個;段落:以4~6段居多;微技能:語境推斷(6年23考)、匯復(fù)現(xiàn)(6年8考)、生活/文化常識(6年3考)、邏輯推理(2021.68,2020.80)二：近年中考真題完形填空題型考點分布情況如下:2020年中考真題HowtoSucceedinHighSchoolYouhavebeenfamiliarwiththelearningenvironmentinyourmiddleschool,anditfeelslikehome.Soitisnotalwayseasytosay"75"tomiddleschool.Afterenteringhighschool,youmayfacesomenewchallenges.Theschoolworkmaybecomemoredifficultandrequiregreaterskills.Moststudentsneedsupport.Teachersandparentsmaygiveyouahand.However,youcan't76othersallthetime.Whatcanyoudo？Herearesomesuggestions：Understandwhatkindoflearneryouare.Doyouneedsilencetofocus？ThenmakesuretheTVisnotonwhenyouarestudying.Provideyourselfwitha77learningenvironmentathome.Somestudentsfocusbetterinthemorning；othersatnight.Findtheright78sothatyoureffortswillworkwell.Learntobebetterorganized.Itmightbehelpfulwhenyougetusedtomakingato—do—litofallyourschoolwork,andcheckingeachitemoffwhenitiscompleted.Tryto79yourwork.Thiswillcreatesmaller,moremanageabletasksoutofthelargerones.Bigprojectsseemlessdifficultiftheyaredonestepbystep.Formgoodreadinghabits.Readeveryday—themore,thebetter.Itdoesn'tmatterwhatyouread.Readingnewspaperregularlyisagoodchoice.Newspapersprovideplentyofdetailsandbackground.80,informationyougetfromnewspapersisusuallyofficialandtrue.Highschoollifecanbeenjoyable.Oldfriendshipsmightcomeundoneandnewoneswilldevelop.Hopeyouwillfeelconfidentandperformwellinhighschool!75．A．hello B．bye—bye C．sorry D．thanks76．A．carefor B．dependon C．competewith D．worryabout77．A．warm B．clean C．quiet D．safe78．A．time B．place C．habit D．skill79．A．divide B．finish C．remember D．correct80．A．Forexample B．Inbrief C．Onaverage D．Inaddition【答案】75．B76．B77．C78．A79．A80．D【解析】75．句意：因此，對中學(xué)說“再見”并不總是那么容易。

hello喂；bye—bye再見；sorry對不起；thanks謝謝。根據(jù)“Youhavebeenfamiliarwiththelearningenvironmentinyourmiddleschool”可知你已經(jīng)熟悉了你的中學(xué)的學(xué)習(xí)環(huán)境，所以對中學(xué)說再見是不容易的。故選B。76．句意：但是，你不能一直依賴別人。

carefor關(guān)心；dependon依賴；competewith與…競爭；worryabout擔(dān)心。根據(jù)前文“Moststudentsneedsupport．Teachersandparentsmaygiveyouahand”可知老師和家長可能會幫助你，結(jié)合轉(zhuǎn)折詞however，所以此處是指：你不能總是依賴別人。故選B。77．句意：在家里為自己提供一個安靜的學(xué)習(xí)環(huán)境。

warm溫暖的；clean干凈的；quiet安靜的；safe安全的。根據(jù)“ThenmakesuretheTVisnotonwhenyouarestudying”可知要確保你學(xué)習(xí)的時候電視沒有開著，所以此處是指找一個安靜的環(huán)境。故選C。78．句意：找到合適的時間，使你的工作順利進行。

time時間；place地點；habit習(xí)慣；skill技巧。根據(jù)“Somestudentsfocusbetterinthemorning；othersatnight”可知不同的學(xué)生需要的時間不一樣，此處是指找到合適的時間，故選A。79．句意：嘗試把工作分配一下。

divide分成；finish完成；remember記得；correct糾正。根據(jù)“Thiswillcreatesmaller，moremanageabletasksoutofthelargerones”可知這種方法可以將從大任務(wù)中創(chuàng)建更小、更易于管理的任務(wù)，所以此處是指把工作分成不同的類別。故選A。80．句意：另外，你從報紙上獲得的信息通常是官方的和真實的。

Forexample例如；Inbrief簡言之；Onaverage平均；Inaddition另外。根據(jù)“…informationyougetfromnewspapersisusuallyofficialandtrue”結(jié)合語境，可知是指：另外，你從報紙上得到的信息通常是官方的和真實的，故選D。2019年中考真題B.Choosethebestanswerandcompletethepassage（選擇最恰當(dāng)?shù)倪x項完成短文）Thismonth，wehadthehonorofinterviewingandsixlocalchange-makersagedfrom11to17.Theseweren’tstoppedbytheirageorsizeorlackofresources，theysawa___50___intheworldaroundthemandtostephepwheretheycould.Theysupportfemalesoldiersraisemoneythroughtheirefforts，teachotherkidsaboutlifelessons，andusetheirfreetimeto___51___theoldtreeswelovesodearlyinthecommunity.Eachofthemhadadultsintheirlivesencouragingandsupportingtheirwork.Wewerealsohonoredtointerviewafamouswriterforhisnewbook，StartNow!YouCanBeaChange-maker.Thebookexplainssomeoftheworld'sbigproblems-hunger，healthandanimalsindanger-inawaythatyoungchildrencanunderstand.Thebookshowsthem，throughotherkids'stories，howtheycanmakea___52___，too.Inourinterviewwiththewriter，hesharesthateachtimehischildrentakeasmallaction，suchasrecycling，hetalkswiththem.Heusesthemomenttodiscusshowsmallchangescanachieveagreateffect.It'sastepanyofuscantaketohelpchildrenrealizehow___53___theyare.Atthistimeofyear，weoftenhearlotsofquestionsfromparents.Themostoneis___54___，"Whatvolunteerchancesarethereforyoungchildrenunder16?”Thekidsintheinterviewandinthebookshowusthatparentsdon'thavetofindanorganizedeventfortheirkidstotakepartin.Theycancreatetheirownchances.Asparents，teachers，aunts，uncles，andfriends，it'sourjobto___55___forwhatspeakstoachild'sheart，helpthemtakethatfirststep，andwatchwhattheirlittlehandscando.Startnow，andyoucanraiseachange-maker.EditorofPARENTSMagazine50.A.sign B.need C.reason D.change51.A.worryabout B.climbup C.carefor D.cutdown52.A.plan B.mistake C.decision D.difference53.A.powerful B.generous C.happy D.active54.A.private B.useful C.common D.rude55.A.listen B.pay C.wait D.leave【答案】50.B51.C52.D53.A54.C55.A【解析】50.句意：他們沒有因為年齡、規(guī)?；蛉狈Y源而停止，他們看到了周圍世界的需求。A.sign標志；B.need需要；C.reason原因；D.change改變。根據(jù)上文Theseweren’tstoppedbytheirageorsizeorlackofresources可知下文是說需求。根據(jù)題意，故選B。51.句意：他們支持女性士兵通過努力籌集資金，教授其他孩子關(guān)于生活的課程，并利用空閑時間來照顧我們在社區(qū)中如此熱愛的老樹。A.worryabout擔(dān)心；B.climbup爬山；C.carefor在乎，關(guān)心；D.cutdown砍倒。根據(jù)上文Theysupportfemalesoldiersraisemoneythroughtheirefforts，teachotherkidsaboutlifelessons可知下文是關(guān)心，照顧社區(qū)中的那棵老樹。根據(jù)題意，故選C。52.句意：這本書通過其他孩子們的故事向他們展示了他們?nèi)绾尾拍茏龀龈淖?。A.plan計劃；B.mistake犯錯誤；C.decision決定；D.difference不同。根據(jù)上文Thebookexplainssomeoftheworld'sbigproblems-hunger，healthandanimalsindanger-inawaythatyoungchildrencanunderstand.Thebookshowsthem，throughotherkids'stories可知，下文是展示他們?nèi)绾胃淖?，做出不同。短語makeadifference，表示有影響，發(fā)揮作用。根據(jù)題意，故選D。53.句意：這是我們?nèi)魏稳硕伎梢圆扇〉囊粋€步驟來幫助孩子們認識到他們有多強大。A.powerful有動力的；B.generous慷慨的；C.happy高興的；D.active積極的。根據(jù)上文It'sastepanyofuscantaketohelpchildrenrealize可知這里是說他們有多強大。故選A。54.句意：最常見的是，“對于16歲以下的兒童，志愿者的機會有多大？A.private私人的；B.useful有用的；C.common普通的；D.rude粗魯?shù)?。根?jù)上文Atthistimeofyear，weoftenhearlotsofquestionsfromparents.可知這里是說最普通的問題。故選C。55.句意：我們的工作就是傾聽孩子的心聲，幫助他們邁出第一步，觀察他們的小手能做些什么。A.listen聽；B.pay支付；C.wait等；D.leave離開。根據(jù)下文forwhatspeakstoachild'sheart，helpthemtakethatfirststep，andwatchwhattheirlittlehandscando.可知這里是說傾聽。根據(jù)題意，故選A。2018年中考真題Choosethebestanswerandcompletethepassage(選擇最恰當(dāng)?shù)倪x項完成短文)(12分)ChinsMobile4G16:7443%Teachingmaterialdiscussiongroup(15)Hi!I'mdoingasurveyamteachingmaterialsinschool.Whatkindoftextbooksdoyouuse?Doyouthinktheuseofphotocopied(復(fù)印的)textbooksandnewspaperarticlesintheclassroomcanbeaccepted?Pleasegiveyour_____75.Theuseofsuchmaterialsiscertainlynot____76forwriters.Textbooksarelikeothercreativeworks.Manypeoplehavetoputtheireffortsinthewritingofabook.Theeffortsofthewritersandpublisherswillbetotallywastedifeveryonephotocopiestheirtextbooks.Icantimaginethat!Idon'tthinkitrighttousephotocopiedmaterialsevenintheclassroombecauseit'sagainstthelaw.Teachersshouldsetagoodexamplefortheirstudentsby______77thelaw.Copiedbooksareasgoodascopyrighted(正版的)ones,buttheydon't_____78much,usuallylessthanhalftheprice.Inaddition,itisso_____79tousecopiedmaterials.Whenwewanttosharesomethinggoodwejusthaveitphotocopied.IthinkphotocopyingisOKbecausepublishersarestillmakingalotofmoneyanyway.Mostofthetime,teachersmakesuretheirstudentsdonotusephotocopiedmaterials.ButIknowsometeachersdousephotocopiednewspaperarticlessometimes,astheirstudentsareeagertolearnmoretowidentheirviews.Asyouknow,teachersalwaysputthe_____80ofstudentsaboveanythingelse.Afterall,youcan'texpectallthestudentstobuynewspapersWow!Thankyouforsharingsomanyideas!75.A)thanksB)lessonsC)excusesD)opinions76.A)easyB)fairC)commonD)traditional77.A)changingB)explainingC)respectingD)making78.A)saveB)affectC)offerD)cost79A)convenientB)strangeC)excitingD)difficult80.A)actionsB)needsC)recordsD)attitudes75.【答案】D【解析】survey的目的就是收集大家的意見，下文也是大家的意見因而選D。76.【答案】B【解析】通過后文如果每個人用復(fù)印材料是對作者復(fù)出的浪費，對其不公平，因而選B。77.【答案】C【解析】通過前文用復(fù)印材料是違反法律可知后文是想講老師應(yīng)該帶頭尊重法律。78.【答案】D【解析】通過后文lessthanhalftheprice可知前文為花費的少。79.【答案】A【解析】通過后文的例子可知使用復(fù)印材料很方便。80.【答案】B【解析】通過前后文學(xué)生想學(xué)更多知識但不一定都會買報紙推斷老師常以學(xué)生需求為先。2017年中考真題B.Choosethebestanswerandcompletethepassage（選擇最恰當(dāng)?shù)倪x項完成短文）75．ThefollowingarethepostsinanInternetchatroom．Inthischatroom，parentstalkaboutsomeoftheproblemstheyhavewiththeirchildren．Ask4adviceMarisaIsiteverOKtolietoachild？My10﹣year﹣oldsonplayssoccer．He'snotverygood，buthelovesit．Yesterdayheplayedvery（75）．Whenhefinishedthegame，heasked，"DidIplaywell？"Isaid，"Yes!You'reagreatsoccerplayer!"DidIdotherightthing？Bay212Yes，youdidtherightthing．Whiteliesarea（n）（76）partoflife．Sometimesyouhavetotellliesthatdonoharm．Yourpurposewastomakehimfeelgood．Nowhe'sreadytoplaysocceragain．BernieIdon'tthinkthereiseveragoodreasontolietoourchildren．Childrenlearnhonestyfromthe（77）theysee．Asparents，weshouldbehonestinordertoteachhonestytoourchildren．Everylierequiresfivemorelies．Ifyoukeephidingtruthfromthem，theywillnot（78）you．Theywillnotrespectyou．Honestyisthefirststeptoagoodparent﹣childrelationship．MissyYouliedtomakeyoursonfeelbetter，butyou（79）agoodchancetoteachhimalifelesson．Peopleshouldworkhardforwhattheywant．Maybenexttimeyoucansay，"No，youdidn'tplaywelltoday．Greatsoccerplayerspractisealot．Let'sgoandpractise．"Thetruthwilltakehim（80）andagoodsoccerplayer．ParvizParentsshouldbehonesttotheirchildren，buttheydon'thavetotellthewholetruth．Nexttimewhenyoursonasks，"DidIplaywell？"youcansay，"Whatdoyouthink？"Thenyoursoncantellyouwhathethinks．Thatway，everythingyousayistrue，andyouavoidtruththathurts．75．A．seriouslyB．carefullyC．happilyD．badly76．A．necessaryB．difficultC．dishonestD．interesting77．A．filmsB．detailsC．examplesD．teachers78．A．troubleB．rememberC．a(chǎn)nswerD．trust79．A．tookB．missedC．createdD．found80．A．strongB．confidentC．honestD．a(chǎn)ctive75.【答案】D【解析】考查副詞．A表示嚴格地；B表示仔細地；C表示開心地；D表示不好地．由Whenhefinishedthegame，heasked，"DidIplaywell？"Isaid，"Yes!You'reagreatsoccerplayer!"以及Marisa的疑問DidIdotherightthing和IsiteverOKtolietoachild可知他踢得不好，選D．76.【答案】A【解析】考查形容詞．A表示必要的；B表示難的；C表示不誠實的；D表示有趣的．由Sometimesyouhavetotellliesthatdonoharm可知此處表示善意的謊言是生活的一部分，選A．77.【答案】C【解析】考查名詞．A表示電影；B表示細節(jié)；C表示例子；D表示老師．由Idon'tthinkthereiseveragoodreasontolietoourchildren可知此處表示孩子們在他們看見的實例中來學(xué)會誠實，選C．78.【答案】D【解析】考查動詞．A表示麻煩；B表示記得；C表示回答；D表示信任．由Ifyoukeephidingtruthfromthem可知此處表示他們就不會信任你了，選D．79.【答案】B【解析】考查動詞．A表示帶走；B表示錯過；C表示創(chuàng)造；D表示發(fā)現(xiàn)．結(jié)合語境可知此處表示但是你錯過了給他上關(guān)于生活的一課的好機會，選B．80.【答案】A【解析】考查形容詞．A表示強的；B表示自信的；C表示誠實的；D表示積極的．由Let'sgoandpractise可推測此處表示真相會使他變強大，并成為優(yōu)秀的足球運動員，選A．（2023·上海黃浦·一模）GetsetforreturningtoschoolPrepareyourselffortheyearaheadwiththesesimplesteps.Youmaybeheadingbacktoschoolorhavealreadystarted.It’snormaltofeelbothexcitedforanewschoolyearandsadthatthesummerbreakisending.Youmayalsofeelalittle____13____abouthavingnewclassroomsandteacherstomeet.Ifso,youarenot____14____!Herearesomewaystopreparefortheyearahead.LookonthebrightsideTherearemanygoodthingstogoingbacktoschool.Youmaygettoseefriendsmorefrequently,____15____.Ifyoudidn’tseeyourclassmatesmuchthissummer,nowyouwill.Ifyoudevelopedanewinterestincomicstripsorchessoverthesummer,youcould____16____whetherthereisaclubyoucouldjoinatschool.Ifnot,perhapsyoucouldstartone.Maybeyouwanttotryoutfortheschoolmusicalorcompeteinanafter-schoolsport.Trymakingalistoftheideasyoucomeupwithinanotebooksoyoucanreviewthemandfeelinspiredbythem.GathersuppliesIfyoureceiveyourschoolsuppliesinadvance,startlookingaroundyourhousefor____17____youmayalreadyhaveanddon’tneedtobuy.Askaparentifunusedschoolsuppliesarestoredsomewhereathome.____18____yourdeskorroomforpencils,pens,stickynotesandfoldersfromlastyearthatyoucoulduseagain.Thenputtheseitemsinyourbackpacksoit’sreadyforyourfirstday.13．A．a(chǎn)ngry B．nervous C．frightened D．tired14．A．a(chǎn)lone B．single C．ready D．finished15．A．inaddition B．infact C．forexample D．a(chǎn)saresult16．A．findout B．carefor C．giveup D．staycalm17．A．cases B．ideas C．marks D．items18．A．Require B．Check C．Set D．Decorate【答案】13．B

14．A

15．C

16．A

17．D

18．B【導(dǎo)語】本文介紹了學(xué)生回到學(xué)校會激動或者緊張，文章為做好準備回校提供了一些建議。13．句意：你也可能對有新教室和與老師見面感到緊張。angry生氣的；nervous緊張的；frightened害怕的；tired累的。根據(jù)語境“It’snormaltofeelbothexcitedforanewschoolyearandsadthatthesummerbreakisending.Youmayalsofeelalittle…abouthavingnewclassroomsandteacherstomeet.”可知，前文提到激動，后文提到有新教室或者和老師見面感到“緊張”，前后形成對比，故選B。14．句意：如果是這樣，你不是獨自奮戰(zhàn)。alone孤獨的；single單個的；ready準備好的；finished完成的。根據(jù)前后語境“It’snormaltofeelbothexcited…Youmayalsofeelalittle…abouthavingnewclassroomsandteacherstomeet.Ifso,youarenot…Herearesomewaystopreparefortheyearahead.”可知，你會緊張也會激動，下文提出給你一些建議，所以中間是“你并不是孤軍奮戰(zhàn)”。故選A。15．句意：例如，你也許更加頻繁的見朋友。inaddition另外；infact事實上；forexample例如；asaresult因此。根據(jù)前一句和本句“Therearemanygoodthingstogoingbacktoschool.Youmaygettoseefriendsmorefrequently…”可知，返回學(xué)校有很多好處，例如，你會頻繁見朋友，后句是前一句的例子。故選C。16．句意：如果你在整個夏天對連環(huán)畫或者象棋產(chǎn)生了興趣，你可以找出學(xué)校是否有你可以加入的俱樂部。findout找出；carefor關(guān)心；giveup放棄；staycalm保持冷靜。根據(jù)語境“Ifyoudevelopedanewinterestincomicstripsorchessoverthesummer,youcould…whetherthereisaclubyoucouldjoinatschool.”可知，如果你在暑假發(fā)現(xiàn)了新的興趣，你就能在學(xué)?！罢页觥蹦隳芗尤氲木銟凡俊９蔬xA。17．句意：如果你提前收到學(xué)校的供給品，開始四周看看你的房子，尋找一下你已經(jīng)有且不需要買的物品。cases情況；ideas想法；marks記號；items物品。根據(jù)語境“Ifyoureceiveyourschoolsuppliesinadvance,startlookingaroundyourhousefor…youmayalreadyhaveanddon’tneedtobuy.”可知，學(xué)校如果提前發(fā)東西了，可以看看已經(jīng)有的且不需要購買的“物品”了，故選D。18．句意：檢查你的桌子或房間里是否有去年可以再次使用的鉛筆、鋼筆、便利貼和文件夾。Require要求；Check檢查；Set設(shè)置；Decorate裝飾。根據(jù)語境“…yourdeskorroomforpencils,pens,stickynotesandfoldersfromlastyearthatyoucoulduseagain.”可知，“檢查”一下房間或者書桌上去年用過的東西是否還能再次使用，故選B。（2023·上海閔行·一模）Choosethewordsorexpressionsandcompletethepassage(選擇最恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或詞語完成短文)Somepeoplefindvisitingordinarymuseumstobeabitdry.Luckilyforthem,thereareunusualmuseumstocheckout,suchasunderwatermuseums!Manyunderwatermuseumsare____19____bycompaniesthatofferguidedtours.Dependingonthedepthofthemuseum,visitorsmaybeabletoviewthesculpturesfromaglassbottomedboatorbyswimmingonthesurface.Otherunderwatermuseumsaredeeperandaremostsuitablefordivers.Oneoftheirmainpurposesistocreateaman-madereef(礁)environmentwhereseacreaturescanlive.That’s____20____someofthemuseumsarelocatedinareasthatweredamagedbyhurricanes(颶風(fēng))orareconsideredunderwater“deserts”.Thestatuesinthemuseumaredesignedinawaythatencouragesthegrowthofcoralandplantlife.Overtime,thestatutesandplantsattractedmoreandmorefishtothearea.Florida,U.S.AFloridaishometodifferenttypesofunderwatermuseums.Thestate’snewestunderwatermuseum,theUnderwaterMuseumofArtcanbefoundoffthecoastofGraytonBeach.ThispartoftheGulfofMexicoisanunderwaterdesert,socreatorshopethattheexhibitwill____21____theoceanenvironment.Cancun,MexicoForyears,Cancunhasbeenapopular____22____.Andoneofthemajordrawsisthewater.TheMuseoSubacuaticaodeArteisanidealplacefordivers.Theretheycanenjoymorethan500statuesthathelptobuildaman-madereef.Thismuseumwascreatedtogivevisitorsanotherchoicebecausethearea’s____23____reefhasbeendamaged.CanaryIslands,SpainMuseoAtlanticohasanimpressivedisplayofmorethan300statues.Theyfocusonman’sinteractionwiththemarineworld.Ifyouarelookingforadifferentmuseum____24____,checkoutonethat’sunderwater!19．A．predicted B．supported C．divided D．examined20．A．why B．how C．what D．where21．A．discover B．imagine C．manage D．improve22．A．magictower B．weatherforecast C．touristdestination D．openingceremony23．A．national B．natural C．colorful D．beautiful24．A．experience B．a(chǎn)ddress C．guide D．business【答案】19．B

20．A

21．D

22．C

23．B

24．A【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，介紹與眾不同的水下博物館。19．句意：許多水下博物館都得到了提供導(dǎo)游服務(wù)的公司的支持。predicted預(yù)測；supported支持；divided劃分；examined檢查。根據(jù)“Manyunderwatermuseumsare...bycompaniesthatofferguidedtours.”可知，水下博物館得到了提供導(dǎo)游服務(wù)的公司的支持。故選B。20．句意：這就是為什么一些博物館位于被颶風(fēng)破壞的地區(qū)或被認為是水下“沙漠”的地區(qū)。why為什么；how如何；what什么；where哪里。根據(jù)“That’s...someofthemuseumsarelocatedinareasthatweredamagedbyhurricanes(颶風(fēng))orareconsideredunderwater“deserts”.”和上下文內(nèi)容可知，此處在解釋原因，故選A。21．句意：墨西哥灣的這一部分是水下沙漠，所以創(chuàng)作者希望這次展覽能改善海洋環(huán)境。discover發(fā)現(xiàn)；imagine想象；manage管理；improve改善。根據(jù)“socreatorshopethattheexhibitwill...theoceanenvironment”可知，希望能改善海洋環(huán)境，故選D。22．句意：多年來，坎昆一直是受歡迎的旅游勝地。magictower魔法塔；weatherforecast天氣預(yù)報；touristdestination旅游勝地；openingceremony開幕式。根據(jù)“Cancunhasbeenapopular...”可知，坎昆是受歡迎的旅游勝地，故選C。23．句意：這座博物館的建立是為了給游客提供另一種選擇，因為該地區(qū)的天然珊瑚礁已經(jīng)遭到破壞。national國家的；natural自然的；colorful彩色的；beautiful美麗的。根據(jù)“Thismuseumwascreatedtogivevisitorsanotherchoicebecausethearea’s...reefhasbeendamaged.”可知，天然珊瑚礁已經(jīng)遭到破壞，故選B。24．句意：如果你正在尋找一種不同的博物館體驗，那就去看看水下博物館吧！experience經(jīng)歷；address地址；guide導(dǎo)游；business生意。根據(jù)“Ifyouarelookingforadifferentmuseum...,checkoutonethat’sunderwater!”可知，是不同的博物館體驗，故選A。（2023·上海靜安·一模）CanAnimalsPredictEarthquakes?DearScientistSam,Inoticedmydogactingverynervouslyonlyafewminutesbeforearecentearthquakeshookthehouse.