2024-2025學(xué)年浙江省溫州市高一上學(xué)期期中聯(lián)考英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1浙江省溫州市2024-2025學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期期中聯(lián)考英語(yǔ)試題第I卷（選擇題，共95分）第一部分：聽(tīng)力（略）第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題：每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、Ｃ和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AMachuPiechuHasNewRoutesfor2024Withnewtourroutesstartingfrom1June2024,travelersvisitingMachuPicchucanexpectamorepersonalizedexperience.MachuPiechuMountainrouteThisrouteoffersamixofadventureandbirds’eyeviews.Startingfromtheupperterrace(梯田)area,itallowsyoutoclimbMachuPicchumountain,oneofthehighestpointsinthearchaeological(考古學(xué)的)sitewhereyou’llbegreetedwithbreathtakinglandscapes.PuenteInkarouteIdealforthosewhopreferashorterwalk,thisrouteofferswideviewsfromtheupperterracebutdoesn’tincludethecityareaofMachuPicchu.ItwilltakeyoutotheIncaBridge,whereyoucanobservetheVilcanotaRiver.It’sashort,scenicwalkwithhistoricalsignificance,perfectforarelaxedmorning.ClassicIncaCityrouteThisistheclassicroutethatletsyousnapthaticonicphotofromtheupperterracewithgreatviews,andthenwalkthroughthecityareaofMachuPicchu.You’llpassbythemainsquareandreachtheSacredRock.WaynaPicchuMountainrouteThisrouteisfortheadventurousatheart.StartingfromthelowerpartofMachuPicchu,you’llvisittheTempleoftheSun,theFountainSectorandtheInca’shouse.ThehighlightisclimbingWaynaPicchu,whichinvolvessteep,narrowstairsandoffersopenviews.It’snotforthechicken-heartedbutwortheverystep.YoucanbuyticketseitherinpersonattheCentroCulturalMachupicchuinAguasCalientesoronlinehereviatheofficialwebsiteoftheMinistryofCulture.1.Whichroutebestsuitsapersonwithastronginterestinhistory?A.MachuPicchuMountainroute. B.PuenteInkaroute.C.ClassicIncaCityroute. D.WaynaPicchuMountainroute.2.Whatdothesefourroutesshareincommon?A.Theyincludetheterraceareaaspartoftheroute.B.Theyofferexcitingadventureswithsteepclimbs.C.Theyprovidewideviewsofthebeautifullandscapes.D.TheyinvolvevisitingthecityareaofMachuPicchu.3.Whereisthispassageprobablytakenfrom?A.Awebsite. B.Atravelbrochure. C.Anencyclopedia. D.Atravelnewspaper.【答案】1.B2.C3.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了2024年6月1日起，訪(fǎng)問(wèn)馬丘比丘的新旅游路線(xiàn)，提供了四種不同的路線(xiàn)選擇，每種路線(xiàn)都有其獨(dú)特的體驗(yàn)和景觀(guān)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段PuenteInkaroute的描述“It’sashort,scenicwalkwithhistoricalsignificance,perfectforarelaxedmorning.(這是一條短而風(fēng)景優(yōu)美的步行道，具有歷史意義，非常適合悠閑的早晨。)”，這條路線(xiàn)具有歷史意義，將帶你前往印加橋，觀(guān)察維爾卡諾塔河，適合對(duì)歷史感興趣的人。因此，最適合對(duì)歷史有強(qiáng)烈興趣的人的路線(xiàn)是PuenteInkaroute。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。MachuPicchuMountainroute提供了鳥(niǎo)瞰視角的景觀(guān)(birds’eyeviews)，PuenteInkaroute提供了寬闊的景觀(guān)視野(offerswideviews)，ClassicIncaCityroute讓你從上層露臺(tái)拍攝標(biāo)志性照片(snapthaticonicphotofromtheupperterracewithgreatviews)，WaynaPicchuMountainroute提供了開(kāi)放視野(offersopenviews)。因此，它們共同提供的是寬闊的景觀(guān)視野。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“YoucanbuyticketseitherinpersonattheCentroCulturalMachupicchuinAguasCalientesoronlinehereviatheofficialwebsiteoftheMinistryofCulture.(你可以在阿瓜斯卡連特斯的馬丘比丘文化中心親自購(gòu)票，也可以通過(guò)文化部的官方網(wǎng)站在線(xiàn)購(gòu)票。)”可知這篇文章有可能來(lái)自于一個(gè)網(wǎng)站。故選A項(xiàng)。BIn1983,thousandsofrunnersfromallovertheworldgatheredinAustraliatotakepartintheWestfieldSydney-MelbourneUltramarathon.Themarathonhadcompetitorsrunningoveradistanceof875kilometers.Thefirstmantowinthisracewas61-year-oldpotatofarmerCliffYoung.WhenCliffshowedupintherace,hestuckoutlikeasorethumb.Differentfromtheothercompetitors,Cliffwasdressedasifhehadjustreturnedfromthefield,whichattractedtheattentionofreporterspresent.“IgrewuponafarmwhereI’dhavetogooutandroundupthesheepwheneverthestormswouldrollin,”Clifftoldreporters.“Wehad2,000sheepon2,000acres.SometimesI’dhavetorunthosesheepfortwoorthreedays.Ittookalongtime,butI’dalwayscatchthem.So,IbelieveIcanrunthisrace.”Nooneactuallybelievedhim.Afterall,mostcompetitorswereintheir20sandearly30s,withyearsofmarathonexperience.Onthefirstdayoftherace,Cliffwasleftfarbehindanddidn’tlookabletokeepup.Buthehadoneadvantagethatnoonecouldhaveimagined-alltheotherrunnershadbeentrainingtorunfor18hoursadayandthenrestfortheothersix,butthe61-year-olddidn’tplanonstoppinguntilhereachedthefinishline!Whendawnbroke,theotherrunnerswereshockedtolearnthattheoldfarmerwasintheleadandthattheywouldhavetocatchupwithhim.Althoughhewasstillrunningataslowpace,thefactthathedidn’tstoprunninghelpedhimkeeptheleadforthewholefiveandahalfdaysuntilhecrossedthefinishline.Whenhandeda$10,000checkasaprizeforwinningtherace,Cliffdecidedtokeepnoneofitforhimselfandinsteadgaveittotheotherfiverunners,whoeventuallymanagedtofinishtherace.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedpartinparagraph2mean?A.Seemednervous. B.Wasverynoticeable.C.Gotahandinjury. D.Feltquiteuncomfortable.5.Whatwasothers’feelingaboutCliff’sconfidenceincompletingtherace?A.Shock. B.Respect. C.Excitement. D.Disbelief.6.HowdidCliffYoungwintherace?A.Hesavedhisenergyatfirst. B.Hekeepsrunningwithoutsleep.C.Hedevelopedafast-runningrhythm. D.Hespedupinthelasttwodaysoftherace.7.WhichcanbestdescribeCliffYoung?A.Strong-willedandgenerous. B.Competitiveandcaring.C.Experiencedandoutgoing. D.Positiveandhumorous.【答案】4.B5.D6.B7.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇報(bào)道。文章主要報(bào)道了一位種土豆的農(nóng)民如何在競(jìng)爭(zhēng)激烈的馬拉松比賽中脫穎而出，并展示了他如何通過(guò)跑步為無(wú)家可歸者籌集資金的無(wú)私行為。【4題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線(xiàn)單詞下一句“Differentfromtheothercompetitors,Cliffwasdressedasifhehadjustreturnedfromthefield,whichattractedtheattentionofreporterspresent.(與其他選手不同的是，克里夫的穿著就像剛從賽場(chǎng)上回來(lái)一樣，這引起了在場(chǎng)記者的注意。)”可推測(cè)，克利夫在比賽中出現(xiàn)時(shí)，非常搶眼，引人注目。故選B?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段的“SometimesI’dhavetorunthosesheepfortwoorthreedays.Ittookalongtime,butI’dalwayscatchthem.So,IbelieveIcanrunthisrace.”Nooneactuallybelievedhim.(有時(shí)我得趕兩三天的羊。花很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間，但我總能抓到它們。所以，我相信我能跑完這場(chǎng)比賽?！睂?shí)際上沒(méi)有人相信他。)”可知，當(dāng)Cliff深信自己可以跑完比賽時(shí)，人們不相信他。故選D。【6題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Buthehadoneadvantagethatnoonecouldhaveimagined-alltheotherrunnershadbeentrainingtorunfor18hoursadayandthenrestfortheothersix,butthe61-year-olddidn’tplanonstoppinguntilhereachedthefinishline!(但他有一個(gè)沒(méi)人能想象到的優(yōu)勢(shì)——所有其他選手都是每天訓(xùn)練18個(gè)小時(shí)，然后休息6個(gè)小時(shí)，但這位61歲的老人直到到達(dá)終點(diǎn)線(xiàn)才打算停下來(lái)！)”可知，CliffYoung在比賽中不眠不休地跑，直到到達(dá)終點(diǎn)線(xiàn)。故選B?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Onthefirstdayoftherace,Cliffwasleftfarbehindanddidn’tlookabletokeepup.Buthehadoneadvantagethatnoonecouldhaveimagined-alltheotherrunnershadbeentrainingtorunfor18hoursadayandthenrestfortheothersix,butthe61-year-olddidn’tplanonstoppinguntilhereachedthefinishline!(在比賽的第一天，克里夫遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)落在后面，看起來(lái)無(wú)法跟上。但他有一個(gè)沒(méi)人能想象到的優(yōu)勢(shì)——所有其他選手都是每天訓(xùn)練18個(gè)小時(shí)，然后休息6個(gè)小時(shí)，但這位61歲的老人直到到達(dá)終點(diǎn)線(xiàn)才打算停下來(lái)！)”可知，Cliff是個(gè)有決心的人；根據(jù)文章第五段“Althoughhewasstillrunningataslowpace,thefactthathedidn’tstoprunninghelpedhimkeeptheleadforthewholefiveandahalfdaysuntilhecrossedthefinishline.Whenhandeda$10,000checkasaprizeforwinningtherace,Cliffdecidedtokeepnoneofitforhimselfandinsteadgaveittotheotherfiverunners,whoeventuallymanagedtofinishtherace.(雖然他仍然以緩慢的速度奔跑，但他根本沒(méi)有停止奔跑的事實(shí)幫助他在整個(gè)五天半的時(shí)間里保持領(lǐng)先，直到他越過(guò)終點(diǎn)線(xiàn)。當(dāng)獲得1萬(wàn)美元的支票作為贏得比賽的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)時(shí)，克里夫決定不把它留給自己，而是把它給了其他五名選手，他們最終完成了比賽。)”可知，他意志堅(jiān)強(qiáng)且非常有愛(ài)心，是個(gè)善良的人。故選A。COnce,whenIwasteachinginKorea,somestudentscametoclasstiredbecausetheyhadstayedupallnightstudyingfortheirbiologyexam.“Honestly,I’dpreferifyouhadsleptalldaylongdoingnothingatall,”Itoldthem.“Becauseyouguysdon’tknowthefirstthingaboutbiology—allanimalsneedsomeformofsleeporrest.”Forthousandsofyears,traditionaleducationhasfocusedoncramming(填塞)students’headswithfactsandnumbersinthehopesthattheywillonedaybeabletoapplyatleastsomeofthesetheoriesandprinciplesinreallife.Now,however,thefocusofmoderneducationhasgreatlychanged.Thereisagrowingtendencytowardsthephilosophyoflearningbydoing.Forthisreason,theideaofthe“gapyear”hasgainedwidespreadpopularityamongstudentsinWesterncountries.Aftergraduatingfromhighschooluniversity,theseyoungpeopletakeayearofftotakepartinavarietyofactivities,suchasvolunteerwork,togainpracticalexperienceandtoexpandtheirworldviewbeforerestartingtheirstudies.Icouldn’tagreemorewiththisidea.WhilemoststudentsinChinacan’taffordtheluxuryoftakingabreakfromstudiesandobservingtheworld,youcanstilltakea“gapday”onceaweektoconsciouslyrelaxandclearyourmind.Youcanhangoutwithfriends,gotoazoooranaturalhistorymuseumandask“Whyarethegreenfrogsgreenandthebluefrogsblue,andwhichonesarepoisonous?”Youcanalsotakearideonabullettrainandlookoutatthepassinglandscape.Whenanothertrainsuddenlythunderspostyouintheoppositedirection,youmaywonder“Whyisitgoingsofast?”Ifyoucananswerallofthese“stupid”questions,youwillhaveunderstoodthegeneralfundamentalsofCharlesDarwin’stheoryofevolutionandAlbertEinstein’stheoryofrelativity.Thenatureoftheworldisnotunlikeatrain.Withalloftheabstracttheoriesandprincipleswehavelearnedinschool,itisalsoatrainwewouldn’twanttomiss.8.WhydoestheauthormentionhisexperienceinParagraph1?A.Tostateanopinion. B.Toexplainafact.C.Toshowaconclusion. D.Tointroducethetopic9.Whatisthefocusofmoderneducation?A.Thevarietyofactivities. B.Theamountofknowledge.C.Theideaofpracticallearning. D.Therepetitionoflearnedknowledge.10.WhichisNOTadvisedtododuringa“gapday/year”?A.Takeajourney. B.Dovoluntarywork.C.Visitalocalmuseum. D.Continueacademicwork.11.WhatdoesitmeantotrulyunderstandCharlesDarwin’sandAlbertEinstein’stheories?A.Beingabletoapplythetheoriesinlife.B.Beingabletoanswerthesillyquestions.C.Beingabletoaskquestionsindailylife.D.Beingabletorecitethetheoriesandprinciples.【答案】8.D9.C10.D11.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是說(shuō)明文。文章通過(guò)作者在韓國(guó)教學(xué)的經(jīng)歷，強(qiáng)調(diào)了休息對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)的重要性，并批評(píng)了傳統(tǒng)教育中填鴨式的教學(xué)方法。文章提倡現(xiàn)代教育應(yīng)更注重實(shí)踐和體驗(yàn)，提到了西方流行的“間隔年”概念。作者建議中國(guó)學(xué)生可以采取“間隔日”方式，通過(guò)實(shí)踐活動(dòng)來(lái)放松和拓展視野，從而更深刻地理解理論知識(shí)。【8題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段內(nèi)容“Once,whenIwasteachinginKorea,somestudentscametoclasstiredbecausetheyhadstayedupallnightstudyingfortheirbiologyexam.“Honestly,I’dpreferifyouhadsleptalldaylongdoingnothingatall,”Itoldthem.“Becauseyouguysdon’tknowthefirstthingaboutbiology—allanimalsneedsomeformofsleeporrest.”(有一次，當(dāng)我在韓國(guó)教書(shū)的時(shí)候，一些學(xué)生因?yàn)榘疽箿?zhǔn)備生物考試而疲憊地來(lái)到教室。“老實(shí)說(shuō)，我寧愿你們整天睡個(gè)覺(jué)什么也不做，”我告訴他們。“因?yàn)槟銈冞@些家伙根本不懂生物學(xué)——所有動(dòng)物都需要某種形式的睡眠或休息。”)”和第二段“Forthousandsofyears,traditionaleducationhasfocusedoncramming(填塞)students’headswithfactsandnumbersinthehopesthattheywillonedaybeabletoapplyatleastsomeofthesetheoriesandprinciplesinreallife.(幾千年來(lái)，傳統(tǒng)教育的重點(diǎn)是向?qū)W生灌輸事實(shí)和數(shù)字，希望他們有一天能夠?qū)⑵渲械囊恍├碚摵驮瓌t應(yīng)用到現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中。)”可推斷，作者分享了一個(gè)個(gè)人軼事，為討論休息的重要性以及不僅僅是填鴨式學(xué)習(xí)，而是理解和應(yīng)用知識(shí)的重要性做鋪墊，引入了對(duì)現(xiàn)代教育重點(diǎn)的討論，即實(shí)踐學(xué)習(xí)。故選D?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“Now,however,thefocusofmoderneducationhasgreatlychanged.Thereisagrowingtendencytowardsthephilosophyoflearningbydoing.(然而，現(xiàn)在，現(xiàn)代教育的重點(diǎn)已經(jīng)發(fā)生了很大的變化。從實(shí)踐中學(xué)習(xí)的哲學(xué)越來(lái)越受歡迎。)”和“Aftergraduatingfromhighschooluniversity,theseyoungpeopletakeayearofftotakepartinavarietyofactivities,suchasvolunteerwork,togainpracticalexperienceandtoexpandtheirworldviewbeforerestartingtheirstudies.(從高中大學(xué)畢業(yè)后，這些年輕人在重新開(kāi)始學(xué)習(xí)之前會(huì)花一年的時(shí)間參加各種各樣的活動(dòng)，比如志愿者工作，以獲得實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn)并擴(kuò)大他們的世界觀(guān)。)”可知，現(xiàn)代教育正在向“通過(guò)實(shí)踐學(xué)習(xí)”的哲學(xué)轉(zhuǎn)變，這種哲學(xué)強(qiáng)調(diào)實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn)和知識(shí)的應(yīng)用，而不是機(jī)械記憶。故選C?！?0題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“Aftergraduatingfromhighschooluniversity,theseyoungpeopletakeayearofftotakepartinavarietyofactivities,suchasvolunteerwork,togainpracticalexperienceandtoexpandtheirworldviewbeforerestartingtheirstudies.(從高中大學(xué)畢業(yè)后，這些年輕人在重新開(kāi)始學(xué)習(xí)之前會(huì)花一年的時(shí)間參加各種各樣的活動(dòng)，比如志愿者工作，以獲得實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn)并擴(kuò)大他們的世界觀(guān)。)”可知，文章建議從學(xué)術(shù)工作中休息，參與實(shí)踐活動(dòng)和體驗(yàn)，不包括繼續(xù)學(xué)術(shù)工作。故選D?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段內(nèi)容“…Youcanalsotakearideonabullettrainandlookoutatthepassinglandscape.Whenanothertrainsuddenlythunderspostyouintheoppositedirection,youmaywonder“Whyisitgoingsofast?”Ifyoucananswerallofthese“stupid”questions,youwillhaveunderstoodthegeneralfundamentalsofCharlesDarwin’stheoryofevolutionandAlbertEinstein’stheoryofrelativity.(……你也可以乘坐子彈頭列車(chē)，眺望過(guò)往的風(fēng)景。當(dāng)另一列火車(chē)突然從相反的方向轟鳴而過(guò)時(shí)，你可能會(huì)想：“為什么它開(kāi)得這么快？”如果你能回答所有這些“愚蠢”的問(wèn)題，你就已經(jīng)理解了查爾斯·達(dá)爾文的進(jìn)化論和阿爾伯特·愛(ài)因斯坦的相對(duì)論的基本原理。)”和最后一段“Thenatureoftheworldisnotunlikeatrain.Withalloftheabstracttheoriesandprincipleswehavelearnedinschool,itisalsoatrainwewouldn’twanttomiss.(世界的本質(zhì)就像一列火車(chē)。我們?cè)趯W(xué)校里學(xué)過(guò)所有抽象的理論和原理，這也是我們不想錯(cuò)過(guò)的火車(chē)。)”可推斷，真正理解這些理論是通過(guò)能夠看到它們?cè)谌粘Ｉ钪械南嚓P(guān)性和應(yīng)用來(lái)展示的，而不僅僅是能夠背誦它們。提到的“愚蠢”問(wèn)題是一個(gè)隱喻，指的是這些復(fù)雜理論在現(xiàn)實(shí)世界中的實(shí)際應(yīng)用。故選A。DWerecognizejusticebeforewecantalk,reportsaresearchteaminNatureHumanBehaviour.TheKyoto-basedstudyfindsthathumaninfants(嬰兒)recognizeheroicactsfromearlystagesofdevelopment,suggestingthatwearebornwithasenseofjustice—andlikewise,admirationforheroes.Thescientistsseethisastheexplanationforwhykidsandadultsalikehaveanever-endingloveforsuperherostoriesinpopularculture.Theteam,ledbyMasakoMyowaofKyotoUniversity,showedthatinfantsasyoungassixmonthsinagefindthemselvesdrawntofigureswhoprotecttheweak.“Inhumansociety,selflesslyprotectingthepowerlessisconsideredtobeanactofheroicjustice.Butunderstandingthisisnoteasy,”explainsfirstauthorYasuhiroKanakogi.“Youfirsthavetorealizethepowerrelationshipbetweentheactors,andthenthatthehero’sactionsaresupportiveofthevictim(受害者).Andfinally,youhavetounderstandthattheheroactedintentionally.”Inaseriesofexperiments,infantswereshowncartoonsofonecharacterrunningafterandbumpingintoanother,asathirdcharacterwatchesfromadistance.Inoneversion,thisthirdpartycharacterintervenes(干預(yù)),andinanother,itrunsawayinanotherdirection.Whentheinfantswerethenshownreal-lifeversionsoftheseinterveningandnon-interveningcharacters,theyweremorelikelytochoosetheintervener.Asinfantsgrow,theydevelopamorecomplexunderstandingaboutjustice.Theresearchteam’snextstepistotrackthepathofthisdevelopment.“Inthisstudy,six-month-oldsdidn’tshowapreferenceforintentionalhelpoveraccidentalhelp,whileten-month-oldsdid,”saysProfessorMyowa.Inseekingtounderstandhowamorecomplexsenseofjusticeisdevelopedovertime,theteamfinallysees“apossibilityofleadingtosolutionsforserioussocialproblemssuchasbullying.”12.WhatdoesunderstandingheroicjusticerequireaccordingtoYasuhiroKanakogi?A.Noticingtheactors’poweronly.B.Agreeingtheheroisalwaysthestrongest.C.Believingthatthehero’sactionsareaccidental.D.Understandinghero’sintentiontosupportthevictim.13.Whatcanbelearnedabouttheinfantsfromtheseexperiments?A.Theypreferredaccidentalhelpoverintentionalone.B.Theytendedtochoosethosewhointervenedtohelp.C.Theyweredrawntofigureouthowtoprotecttheweak.D.Theycouldtellthedifferencebetweenintentionalandaccidentalactions.14.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkabout?A.Thefutureresearchfocus. B.Theongoingresearchbackground.C.Theprobableresearchlimitation. D.Thepracticalresearchapplication.15.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthisarticle?A.TheEvolutionofJustice:ALifelongJourney.B.APossibleSolution:InspirationsfromHeroes.C.AnInbornAbility:TheLoveforSuperheroes.D.ThePowerofProtection:InfantsandHeroism.【答案】12.D13.B14.A15.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了京都大學(xué)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)嬰兒天生具有識(shí)別正義行為的能力?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第二段中“Youfirsthavetorealizethepowerrelationshipbetweentheactors,andthenthatthehero’sactionsaresupportiveofthevictim(受害者).Andfinally,youhavetounderstandthattheheroactedintentionally.(首先，你必須意識(shí)到行動(dòng)者之間的權(quán)力關(guān)系，然后認(rèn)識(shí)到英雄的行為是對(duì)受害者的支持。最后，你必須理解英雄的行為是出于故意。)”可知，理解英勇正義需要理解英雄支持受害者的意圖。故選D?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第三段中“Whentheinfantswerethenshownreal-lifeversionsoftheseinterveningandnon-interveningcharacters,theyweremorelikelytochoosetheintervener.(當(dāng)嬰兒隨后被展示這些干預(yù)和未干預(yù)角色的真實(shí)生活版本時(shí)，他們更傾向于選擇干預(yù)者。)”可知，他們傾向于選擇那些介入幫助的人。故選B。【14題詳析】主旨大意題。由文章最后一段“Asinfantsgrow,theydevelopamorecomplexunderstandingaboutjustice.Theresearchteam’snextstepistotrackthepathofthisdevelopment.“Inthisstudy,six-month-oldsdidn’tshowapreferenceforintentionalhelpoveraccidentalhelp,whileten-month-oldsdid,”saysProfessorMyowa.Inseekingtounderstandhowamorecomplexsenseofjusticeisdevelopedovertime,theteamfinallysees“apossibilityofleadingtosolutionsforserioussocialproblemssuchasbullying.”(隨著嬰兒的成長(zhǎng)，他們對(duì)正義有了更加復(fù)雜的理解。研究團(tuán)隊(duì)下一步將追蹤這一發(fā)展路徑?！霸谶@項(xiàng)研究中，六個(gè)月大的嬰兒沒(méi)有表現(xiàn)出對(duì)有意幫助和偶然幫助的偏好差異，而十個(gè)月大的嬰兒則表現(xiàn)出了這種偏好，”Myowa教授說(shuō)。為了理解隨著時(shí)間推移更復(fù)雜的正義感是如何發(fā)展的，研究團(tuán)隊(duì)最終看到了“解決欺凌等嚴(yán)重社會(huì)問(wèn)題的可能性”。)”可知，這一段主要講述的是未來(lái)的研究重點(diǎn)。故選A?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是由文章第一段中“Werecognizejusticebeforewecantalk,reportsaresearchteaminNatureHumanBehaviour.TheKyoto-basedstudyfindsthathumaninfants(嬰兒)recognizeheroicactsfromearlystagesofdevelopment,suggestingthatwearebornwithasenseofjustice—andlikewise,admirationforheroes.(一個(gè)研究小組在《自然人類(lèi)行為》雜志上報(bào)道說(shuō)，我們?cè)跁?huì)說(shuō)話(huà)之前就認(rèn)識(shí)到了正義。這項(xiàng)基于京都的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，人類(lèi)嬰兒在發(fā)育的早期階段就認(rèn)識(shí)到英雄行為，這表明我們生來(lái)就有正義感——同樣，對(duì)英雄的欽佩。)”可知，文章主要講述了嬰兒天生就具有對(duì)英勇正義的理解和對(duì)英雄的欽佩，并且隨著他們的成長(zhǎng)，他們對(duì)正義的理解變得更加復(fù)雜。因此，文章的最佳標(biāo)題應(yīng)該與嬰兒對(duì)英勇正義的理解和對(duì)英雄的愛(ài)有關(guān)。選項(xiàng)C“AnInbornAbility:TheLoveforSuperheroes(天生的能力：對(duì)超級(jí)英雄的愛(ài))”最能概括文章的主旨，即嬰兒天生具有對(duì)超級(jí)英雄的愛(ài)，這體現(xiàn)了他們對(duì)英勇正義的理解和欽佩。故選C。第二節(jié)（共5小題：每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文中的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。HowtotravellikealocalBynowtheconceptof“travelinglikealocal”isquitepopular.Whatexactlydoesitmeanandhowdoesonedoit?___16___We’llputforthoursubjectivedefinition-travelinglikealocalmeansactingonarealdesiretosharethelivedexperiencesofthepeopleoftheplaceyou’revisiting.___17___Forexample,inmostplaces83-year-oldgrandmasand13-year-oldgirlsareprobablylivingverydifferentlives.Nowlet’sputitintopractice.Usuallywhenitcomestofood,hereisaninterestingquestion.Wouldyourathereat“themostItalian”pizzaoreatpizzawheremostItalianseat?Oursuggestion?___18___Hopefullytheydon’tgiveMcDonaldsasananswer.Although...itisactuallykindoffuntoseenowmenuscanvaryacrossMcDonaldsindifferentcountries.Asfortransportation,it’seasyenoughtograbatouristtransportationservicetogetfrompointAtoBonyourtravels.Whileitwilllikelybeslower,trygettingfromAtoBlikethepeoplelivingtherewould.___19___Ourfinaladvicecentersaroundtime,whichmeansspendingmoretimeinoneplace.Toooften,travelcanleavelittletimeforyoutosharethelivedexperiencesofthelocals.Butbybuildinginlongerstays,you’llfindmorechancestoconnectwiththelocalsaroundyou.Youcanstaylongeratacafeandstrikeupaconversationwiththelocalnexttoyou.___20___Besidesthat,extendedtravelinfewerlocationsisawholelotbetterfortheplanet.A.Choosewhicheveryoulike.B.Askthelocalswheretheyeat.C.Inthispostwe’retryingtoanswerthesequestions.D.Obviously“l(fā)ivedexperience”couldvaryquitewidelyamongdifferentpeople.E.Thismightmeanasubway,train,minibus,oranycreativealternativestowalking.F.Youcanalsotakeyourtimetorecordthesightaswellasthelocalculturewithacamera.G.Youmayalsoaskthelocalbakersonyourvisittotheirshopabouthowtheymaketheirgoodies.【答案】16.C17.D18.B19.E20.G【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇關(guān)于如何像當(dāng)?shù)厝艘粯勇眯械闹改?。文章解釋了“像?dāng)?shù)厝艘粯勇眯小钡母拍?，并提供了一些?shí)用的建議，幫助旅行者更深入地體驗(yàn)?zāi)康牡氐奈幕蜕罘绞??！?6題詳析】標(biāo)題中提到了“travelinglikealocal(想當(dāng)?shù)厝艘粯勇眯?”這個(gè)概念的流行，緊接著提出了問(wèn)題“Whatexactlydoesitmeanandhowdoesonedoit?(這到底意味著什么，以及如何做到)”。C項(xiàng)“Inthispostwe’retryingtoanswerthesequestions.(在這篇文章中，我們?cè)噲D回答這些問(wèn)題。)”緊隨其后，表明文章的目的是回答這些問(wèn)題，符合題意，故選C項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】上文提出“We’llputforthoursubjectivedefinition—travelinglikealocalmeansactingonarealdesiretosharethelivedexperiencesofthepeopleoftheplaceyou’revisiting.(我們將提出我們的主觀(guān)定義——像當(dāng)?shù)厝艘粯勇眯幸馕吨嬲释窒砟闼L(fǎng)問(wèn)之地人民的生活體驗(yàn)。)”，這里提到了生活體驗(yàn)，D項(xiàng)“Obviously“l(fā)ivedexperience”couldvaryquitewidelyamongdifferentpeople.(顯然，“生活體驗(yàn)”在不同人之間可能會(huì)有很大的差異。)”與上文相呼應(yīng)，強(qiáng)調(diào)了“生活體驗(yàn)”在不同人之間的差異性，符合題意，故選D項(xiàng)?！?8題詳析】上文提出了一個(gè)關(guān)于食物的有趣問(wèn)題“Wouldyourathereat“themostItalian”pizzaoreatpizzawheremostItalianseat?Oursuggestion?(你更愿意吃“最意大利式”的披薩，還是大多數(shù)意大利人吃的披薩？我們的建議是？)”，B項(xiàng)“Askthelocalswheretheyeat.(問(wèn)問(wèn)當(dāng)?shù)厝怂麄冊(cè)谀睦锍燥垺?”提供了一個(gè)實(shí)際的建議，即詢(xún)問(wèn)當(dāng)?shù)厝怂麄冊(cè)谀睦锍?，符合題意，故選B項(xiàng)?！?9題詳析】上文討論了交通方式“Asfortransportation,it’seasyenoughtograbatouristtransportationservicetogetfrompointAtoBonyourtravels.(至于交通，旅行時(shí)很容易就能搭上旅游交通服務(wù)從A點(diǎn)到B點(diǎn)。)”，E項(xiàng)“Thismightmeanasubway,train,minibus,oranycreativealternativestowalking.(這可能意味著乘坐地鐵、火車(chē)、小巴，或者任何有創(chuàng)意的步行替代方案。)”提供了具體的交通方式選擇，符合題意，故選E項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】上文“Butbybuildinginlongerstays,you’llfindmorechancestoconnectwiththelocalsaroundyou.Youcanstaylongeratacafeandstrikeupaconversationwiththelocalnexttoyou.(但如果你住得更久，你會(huì)有更多的機(jī)會(huì)與周?chē)漠?dāng)?shù)厝私⒙?lián)系。你可以在咖啡館多待一會(huì)兒，和旁邊的當(dāng)?shù)厝伺收劇?”可知下文舉例子和周?chē)寺?lián)系相關(guān)的。G項(xiàng)“Youmayalsoaskthelocalbakersonyourvisittotheirshopabouthowtheymaketheirgoodies.(當(dāng)你去當(dāng)?shù)氐拿姘陼r(shí)，你也可以詢(xún)問(wèn)他們是如何制作美食的。)”和上文敘述一致，符合題意，故選G項(xiàng)。第三部分完形填空（共15小題：每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Afterlandingajob,Idecidedtotakethegymseriously.Togetherwithafriend,I___21___aroutineofwalkingonthetreadmill(跑步機(jī)).Iwas___22___withourroutineinthegym.Myfriend,however,alwaystheadventurousone,becameboredafterawhile.Oneday,hesuggestedthatwe___23___anoutdoorsport.Beingaclumsyandinactiveperson,I___24___hisidea.Butseveralweekslater,hemanagedtogetmetostepontoanoutdoorracquetball(美式墻網(wǎng)球)court.Myfirsttimeonthecourtwasaseriesof___25___.Theballseemedtohaveamindofitsown,zippingpastme,overme,andsometimesevenhittingme.WhenIhittheball,IsentitflyingineverydirectionexceptthedirectionthatIhad___26___.Still,somehow,Itriedhardtolearnitandbecame___27___afterlotsofpractice.Afewweekslater,hewasatitagain.“We’restuckinarut.Let’strytennis,”hesaid.“Tennis?Noway!That___28___realskills!”Ifirmlystoodmyground___29___hislatestsuggestion.Nevertheless,thereIwas,ona____30____tenniscourtwithafacefullofsweat,holdingmyracketnervously.____31____,afterseveralmonthsofpainfulpractice,oneday,astheballcameflyingtowardsme,my____32____andtheballmetinwhattennisplayerscallasthe“sweetspot”.Thesoundofitwas____33____tomyears.Ihadmadeit!Ilearnedanextremelyvaluable____34____fromtheseexperiences:IcandowhateverIsetmymindon.Ijustneedtoputinefforts,andtheresultswill____35____.AndIbecomequiteenthusiasticabouttryingnewthingsandI’malwaysfilledwithasenseofexcitement.21.A.began B.changed C.continued D.delayed22.A.awkward B.annoyed C.satisfied D.moved23.A.showoff B.takeup C.keepoff D.makeup24.A.understood B.revised C.welcomed D.refused25.A.errors B.success C.laughter D.strategies26.A.accepted B.planned C.requested D.found27.A.considerate B.anxious C.impatient D.skillful28.A.trains B.brings C.improves D.takes29.A.on B.for C.against D.around30.A.sun-kissed B.rain-soaked C.wind-swept D.cloud-shadowed31.A.Hopefully B.Sadly C.Surprisingly D.Disappointingly32.A.racket B.ball C.hand D.sight33.A.comfort B.noise C.word D.music34.A.view B.lesson C.theory D.standard35.A.win B.remain C.follow D.help【答案】21.A22.C23.B24.D25.A26.B27.D28.D29.C30.A31.C32.A33.D34.B35.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇夾敘夾議。主要講述了畢業(yè)之后，作者決定要開(kāi)始鍛煉，起初是在健身房的跑步機(jī)上行走，后來(lái)在朋友強(qiáng)烈的建議下，開(kāi)始嘗試了美式壁球和打網(wǎng)球，并且練習(xí)得非常成功。作者由此學(xué)到了寶貴的一課：作者可以做他任何想做的事情,只要付諸努力，結(jié)果會(huì)隨之而來(lái)?！?1題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：和朋友一起，我開(kāi)始了在跑步機(jī)上行走的習(xí)慣。A.began開(kāi)始；B.changed改變；C.continued繼續(xù)；D.delayed延遲。根據(jù)前文內(nèi)容“Idecidedtotakethegymseriously”可知，我決定要在健身房鍛煉，之后“開(kāi)始”在跑步機(jī)上行走，此處考查動(dòng)作順序。故答案為A?！?2題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我對(duì)我們?cè)诮∩矸康娜粘；顒?dòng)很滿(mǎn)意。A.awkward尷尬的；B.annoyed煩惱的；C.satisfied滿(mǎn)意的；D.moved感動(dòng)的。提示詞however表明前后句意呈轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，后文“Myfriend,however,becamebored”作者朋友感覺(jué)無(wú)聊，所以前文作者情緒是“滿(mǎn)意的”，構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折。故答案為C?！?3題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：一天，他建議我們從事一項(xiàng)戶(hù)外運(yùn)動(dòng)。A.showoff炫耀；B.takeup開(kāi)始，從事；C.keepoff不接近；D.makeup組成。根據(jù)空前提示“suggested”可知這只是建議，還沒(méi)有開(kāi)始，結(jié)合空后的賓語(yǔ)“anoutdoorsport”，takeup符合題意，表示“開(kāi)始，參加”一項(xiàng)戶(hù)外運(yùn)動(dòng)。故答案為B。【24題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：作文一個(gè)笨拙和不活躍的人，我拒絕了他的想法。A.understood理解；B.revised修改；C.welcomed歡迎；D.refused拒絕。根據(jù)空前提示詞“Beingaclumsyandinactiveperson”可在，前后構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系，我是笨拙的，不協(xié)調(diào)的，因此我拒絕了朋友建議。故答案為D。【25題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我第一次上場(chǎng)就犯了一連串的錯(cuò)誤。A.errors錯(cuò)誤；B.success成功；C.laughter笑聲；D.strategies策略。由后文“Theballseemedtohaveamindofitsown,zippingpastme,overme,andsometimesevenhittingme.(球似乎有自己的思想，從我身邊掠過(guò)，越過(guò)我，有時(shí)甚至擊中我。)”可知，作者開(kāi)始犯了很多錯(cuò)誤。故答案為A?！?6題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我擊球時(shí)，我讓它向各個(gè)方向飛去，除了我原本計(jì)劃的方向。A.accepted接受；B.planned計(jì)劃；C.requested請(qǐng)求；D.found發(fā)現(xiàn)。根據(jù)空前提示詞except和“Isentitflyingineverydirection”可知，B選項(xiàng)符合題意，“計(jì)劃好”的方向和前文的實(shí)際擊球的方向形成對(duì)比。故答案為B。【27題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管如此，不知為什么，我還是努力學(xué)習(xí)它，并在不斷練習(xí)后變得熟練起來(lái)。A.considerate考慮周到的；B.anxious焦急的；C.impatient不耐煩的；D.skillful熟練的。根據(jù)并列連詞and和空后內(nèi)容“afterconstantlypracticing”，選項(xiàng)D符合題意，努力練習(xí)，經(jīng)過(guò)持續(xù)練習(xí)后變“熟練”。故答案為D?！?8題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：句意：“網(wǎng)球？我不會(huì)打網(wǎng)球！這需要真正的技巧！”A.trains訓(xùn)練；B.brings帶來(lái)；C.improves提高；D.takes需要?？崭竦闹髡Z(yǔ)that指代前文的“playtennis”,打網(wǎng)球“需要”到真正的技巧。故答案為D?！?9題詳析】考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：句意：我堅(jiān)決抵制他的新嘗試。A.on在……上；B.for為了；C.against反對(duì)；D.around在周?chē)?。根?jù)前文“Noway!”可知，我堅(jiān)定的反對(duì)朋友的最新建議——打網(wǎng)球。故答案為C?！?0題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管如此，我還是站在陽(yáng)光普照的網(wǎng)球場(chǎng)上，滿(mǎn)臉是汗，緊張地握著球拍。A.sun-kissed受陽(yáng)光照射的；B.rain-soaked雨水浸透的；C.wind-swept被風(fēng)亂吹的；D.cloud-shadowed附有陰影的。由后文“withafacefullofsweat”和常識(shí)可在，網(wǎng)球場(chǎng)上陽(yáng)光普照。故答案為A?！?1題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：令人吃驚地。經(jīng)過(guò)幾個(gè)月的痛苦練習(xí)，有一天，當(dāng)球飛向我時(shí)，我的球拍和球相遇了，網(wǎng)球運(yùn)動(dòng)員稱(chēng)之為“甜區(qū)”。A.Hopefully有希望地；B.Sadly悲哀地；C.Surprisingly驚人地；D.Disappointingly失望地。由后文“oneday,astheballcameflyingtowardsme,my______andtheballmetinwhattennisplayerscallasthe“sweetspot”.”可知，作者打中了網(wǎng)球，令人吃驚。故答案為C。【32題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.racket球拍；B.ball球；C.hand手；D.sight視野。由后文“Ihadmadeit!”可知，我的球拍打中了球，我學(xué)會(huì)了打網(wǎng)球。故答案為A。【33題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：那聲音對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)就像音樂(lè)。A.comfort舒適；B.noise噪音；C.word話(huà)語(yǔ)；D.music音樂(lè)。由后文“Ihadmadeit!”和前文我辛苦訓(xùn)練可推斷，球拍擊中網(wǎng)球的聲音對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)就像音樂(lè)。故選D?！?4題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我從這些經(jīng)歷中學(xué)到了非常寶貴的一課：我可以做任何我下定決心要做的事。A.view觀(guān)點(diǎn)；B.lesson課程，教訓(xùn)；C.theory理論；D.standard標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。冒號(hào)后的內(nèi)容進(jìn)一步解釋了該空，“IcandowhateverIsetmymindon”是我從這些經(jīng)歷中學(xué)到的“經(jīng)驗(yàn)，教訓(xùn)”。故答案為B。【35題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我只需要付出努力，結(jié)果就會(huì)隨之而來(lái)。A.win贏得；B.remain保持；C.follow跟著；D.help幫助。根據(jù)并列詞and和“Ijustneedtoputinefforts”，選項(xiàng)C符合題意，努力之后好的結(jié)果也會(huì)“隨之而來(lái)”。故答案為C。第Ⅱ卷（非選擇題，共55分）第四部分：語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共三節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分40分）第一節(jié)語(yǔ)法填空（共10個(gè)小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。QuanHongc