2021高考英語人教版訓(xùn)練(6)及答案

2021高考英語人教版訓(xùn)練（6）及答案完形填空。閱讀下面短文，把握其大意，然后從1—15各題所給出的A、B、C和D項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Howdoesadoctorrecognizethepointintimewhenheisfinallya“surgeon（外科醫(yī)生）”?Asmyyearaschiefresident(住院醫(yī)生)drewtoa1__________,Iaskedmyselfthis2__________manytimes.Theanswer,Iconcluded,was3__________.Whenyoucansaytoyourself,“ThereisnopatientIcannottreat4__________,treatjustaswellasorbetterthananyothersurgeon”—then,youareindeedasurgeon.Iwasnearingthat5__________.Take,forexample,theemergencysituationsthatwehadtofacealmostevery6__________.Forthefirstfewmonthsoftheyear,Ihad7__________theringingofthetelephone.Iknewitmeantanothercritical8__________tobemade.Often,afterIhadtoldmyassistantswhattodoinaparticular9__________,I’dhavetroublegettingbacktosleep.I’d10__________allthefactsofthecaseand,often,wonderifIhadn’tmadeapoordecision.Morethanonceattwoorthreeo’clockinthemorning,afterlying11__________foranhour,I’dgetoutofbed,dressanddrivetothe12__________toseethepatientmyself.Itwastheonlywayto13__________myself.Now,inthelastmonthofmyresidency,14__________wasnolongeraproblem.SometimesIstillcouldn’tbe15__________thatmydecisionhadbeentherightone,butIhadlearnedtoacceptthisasaconstantproblemforasurgeon.1.A.close B.beginning C.hospital D.bed2.A.problem B.question C.doubt D.disbelief3.A.uncertainty B.belief C.self-confidenceD.comfort4.A.friendly B.excitedly C.badly D.competently5.A.point B.place C.degree D.height6.A.week B.night C.year D.period7.A.received B.feared C.called D.refused8.A.plan B.proposal C.decision D.mistake9.A.position B.event C.situation D.environment10.A.skip B.searchC.reuse D.review11.A.alive B.alone C.asleep D.awake12.A.home B.chemist’s C.hospital D.department13.A.find B.seek C.relax D.obtain14.A.treating B.sleeping C.operating D.curing15.A.certain B.doubtful C.frightened D.amused1.【答案】A【解析】考查名詞及語境的理解。A.結(jié)束；B.開頭；C.醫(yī)院；D.床。在我任住院主任醫(yī)師的那一年快要結(jié)束的時(shí)候，故選A。2.【答案】B【解析】考查名詞及語境的理解。A.難題；B.問題；C.懷疑；D.懷疑。依據(jù)下文Theanswer,Iconcluded可知，我曾多次問自己這個(gè)問題，故選B。3.【答案】C【解析】考查名詞及語境的理解。A.不確定性；B.信仰；C.自信；D.勸慰。我最終認(rèn)定，問題的答案在于“自信”二字，故選C。4.【答案】D【解析】考查副詞及語境的理解。A.友善地；B.興奮地；C.嚴(yán)峻地，惡劣地；D.勝任地。依據(jù)下文treatjustaswellasorbetterthananyothersurgeon可知，任何外科病人我都能勝任進(jìn)行治療，故選D。5.【答案】A【解析】考查名詞及語境的理解。A.時(shí)刻；B.地方；C.程度；D.高度。依據(jù)文章第一句話Howdoesadoctorrecognizethepointintimewhenheisfinallya“surgeon（外科醫(yī)生）”?可知，我正接近那個(gè)時(shí)刻，故選A。6.【答案】B【解析】考查名詞及語境的理解。A.周；B.晚上；C.年；D.時(shí)期。依據(jù)常識(shí)咱們知道急診幾乎是每天都有的。就以我們幾乎每晚都會(huì)遇到的急診狀況為例吧，故選C。7.【答案】B【解析】考查動(dòng)詞及語境的理解。A.收到；B.可怕；C.呼叫；D.拒絕。依據(jù)下文“Often,afterIhadtoldmyassistantswhattodoinaparticular9__________,I’dhavetroublegettingbacktosleep.”可知他可怕電話響。故選B。8.【答案】C【解析】考查名詞及語境的理解。A.方案；B.提議，建議；C.打算，決議；D.錯(cuò)誤。由下文“often,wonderifIhadn’tmadeapoordecision.”可知選C。9.【答案】C【解析】考查名詞及語境的理解。A.位置，職位；B.時(shí)間；C.狀況，形勢(shì)；D.環(huán)境。由“theemergencysituationsthatwehadtoface”可知選C。10.【答案】D【解析】考查動(dòng)詞及語境的理解。A.跳動(dòng)，遺漏；B.搜尋，搜尋；C.再使用；D.回顧，復(fù)習(xí)。由“wonderifIhadn’tmadeapoordecision.”可知我會(huì)重溫病人的整個(gè)病情，故選D。11.【答案】D【解析】考查副詞及語境的理解。A.活著的，有生氣的；B.獨(dú)自地，單獨(dú)的；C.熟睡地；D.醒著的。由“wonderifIhadn’tmadeapoordecision.”可知我睡不著，故選D。12.【答案】C【解析】考查名詞及語境的理解。A.家；B.藥店；C.醫(yī)院；D.部門，科，局。由“toseethepatient”可知他得去醫(yī)院。13.【答案】C【解析】考查動(dòng)詞及語境的理解。A.發(fā)覺，認(rèn)為，感到；B.查找，搜尋；C.使放松，休息；D.獲得。由上文他由于懷疑自己是否做出了不妥的打算而睡不著，可知他去看了病人之后才能使自己放松下來休息。14.【答案】B【解析】考查動(dòng)名詞及語境的理解。A.處理，對(duì)待；B.睡覺；C.操作，動(dòng)手術(shù)；D.治療，消退。由于上一段始終在說他無法入睡，所以這里是睡眠不再是問題，故選B。15.【答案】A【解析】考查形容詞及語境的理解。A.必定的，確定；B.可疑的；C.可怕的，受驚的；D.快活的，頑皮的。由“butIhadlearnedtoacceptthisasaconstantproblemforasurgeon.”可知雖然有時(shí)還無法確定自己所作打算是否正確。故選A。閱讀下面短文，把握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Ididn’trealizehowshortIwasuntilIstartedschool.There,afewkidspickedon(欺侮)me,callingmenames.ThenIknew.Afterthat,Ibegantohatethefirstdayofschooleachyear.Ididn’tknowwhowasnewandwouldstareatmeasIstruggledtoclimbtheschoolbusstairs.Someofthekidswouldpointandsay,“Lookatthatkid.Lookather.”Astimewenton,IjusttriedtosmileandacceptthefactthatIwasgoingtobenoticedmywholelife.Iwasdeterminedtomakemyuniquenessanadvantageratherthanadisadvantage.Myfriendsbecameincreasinglyprotective.They’dhelpmeupthebussteps.Ifpeoplewerecruel,theywouldtakethemasideandcorrectthem.WhatIlackedinheight,Imadeupforinpersonality—myabilitytolaugh,evenatmyself.Forexample,onetimeIwasreachingintothewashingmachineatmyparents’housetograbthewetclothes.IfellallthewayinandyellforMother,whowassittingnearbyreadingthepaper.Watchingfeetflyingeverywhere,shelaughedquietlyandsaid,“Ishouldleaveyouthere.”Ilaughedwithher.I’m47now,andthestareshavenotdecreasedasI’vegrownolder.PeopleaskmyfriendsifIliveinadollhouse.Theylookindisbeliefwhentheyseemegetoutofmycaronthedriver’sside.Duringthosetimes,Itrytokeepagoodattitude.Whenpeoplearerude,Iremindmyself,“LookwhatelseIhave—agreatfamily,nicefriends...”1.Whatisthemainideaofthesecondandthirdparagraphs?A.Howthewriterchangedherdisadvantagetoadvantage.B.Thewriter’sfriendsandmotherlovedherdeeply.C.Thewriterhadmanyfriendshelpingher.D.Thewriterhadtheabilitytolaugh.2.Bysaying“thestareshavenotdecreased”inthelastparagraph,theauthorsuggeststhat______.A.sheisabletoliveahappylifelikeanormalpersonB.sheisn’tafraidofbeingnoticedbyothersanymoreC.somepeoplestilldon’ttreatherasanormalpersonD.moreandmorepeopletreatherwithrespectnow3.Howistheauthorfeelingnowabouthersituation?A.Quiteoptimistic.B.Verysatisfied.C.Deeplyupset.D.Ratheranxious.4.Wecaninferthattheauthorbelievesthat______.A.societyshouldhelpthedisabledasmuchaspossibleB.onlyyourparentsandfriendscanhelpyouC.whatpeoplesayaboutyouisnoneofyourbusinessD.allpeopleshouldbetreatedwithrespect【參考答案】35.ACAD閱讀理解。(2022·紹興統(tǒng)考)WhenpeoplefirstwalkedacrosstheBeringLandBridgethousandsofyearsago,dogswerebytheirsides,accordingtoastudypublishedinthejournalScience.RobertWayneoftheUniversityofCalifornia,LosAngeles,andJenniferLeonardoftheSmithsonianInstitute,usedDNAmaterial—someofitunearthedbyminersinAlaska—toconcludethattoday’sdomesticdogoriginatedinAsiaandaccompaniedthefirsthumanstotheNewWorldabout10,000to15,000yearsago.Waynesuggeststhatman’sbestfriendmayhaveenabledthetoughjourneyfromAsiaintoNorthAmerica.“Dogsmayhavebeenthereasonpeoplemadeitacrossthelandbridge,”saidWayne.“Theycanpullthings,carrythings,defendyoufromfierceanimals,andthey’reusefultoeat.”Researchershaveagreedthattoday’sdogistheresultofthedomestication(馴化)ofwolvesthousandsofyearsago.Beforethisrecentstudy,acommonthoughtaboutthepreciseoriginofNorthAmerica’sdomesticdogwasthatNativesdomesticatedlocalwolves,thedescendants(后代)ofwhichnowlivewithpeopleinAlaska,Canada,andtheLower48.DogremainsfromaFairbanks-areagoldminehelpedthescientistsreachtheirconclusion.Leonard,anevolutionarybiologist,collectedDNAfrom11bonesofancientdogsthatwerelockedinpermafrost(永凍層)untilFairbanksminersuncoveredtheminthe1920s.TheminersdonatedthepreservedbonestotheAmericanMuseumofNaturalHistoryinNewYorkCity,wheretheyremaineduntouchedformorethan70years.Afterborrowingthebonesfromthemuseum,LeonardandhercolleaguesusedradiocarbontechniquestofindtheageoftheAlaskadogs.Theyfoundthedogsalllivedbetweentheyearsof1450and1675A.D.,beforeVitusBeringandAlekseyChirikovwhowerethefirstknownEuropeanstoviewAlaskain1741.“ThebonesofdogsthatwanderedtheFairbanksareacenturiesagoshouldthereforebetheremainsofpurenativeAmericandogs,”Leonardsaid.TheDNAoftheFairbanksdogswouldalsoexposewhethertheywerethedescendantsofwolvesfromNorthAmerica.AlongwiththeFairbankssamples,theresearcherscollectedDNAfrombonesof37dogspecimens(標(biāo)本)fromMexico,Peru,andBoliviathatexistedbeforethearrivalofColumbus.InthecaseofboththeAlaskadogsandthedogsfromLatinAmerica,theresearchersfoundthattheysharedthemostgeneticmaterialwithgraywolvesofEuropeandAsia.ThissupportstheideaofdomesticdogsenteringtheNewWorldwiththefirsthumanexplorerswhowanderedeastoverthelandbridge.LeonardandWayne’sstudysuggeststhatdogsjoinedthefirsthumansthatmadetheadventureacrosstheBeringLandBridgetoslowlypopulatetheAmericas.Waynethinksthedogsthatmadethetripmusthaveprovidedsomeexcellentservicetotheirhumancompanionsortheywouldnothavebeenbroughtalong.“Dogsmusthavebeenusefulbecausetheywereexpensivetokeep,”Waynesaid.“Theydidn’tfeedonmice;theyfedonmeat,whichwasaveryguardedresource.”【文章大意】本文是科普性文章。說明白在幾千年前狗伴隨人們一起跨過白令大陸橋進(jìn)入北美大陸,并且在此繁殖起來。而通過檢測(cè)發(fā)掘出的狗骨頭的DNA也證明白這一點(diǎn)。1.Theunderlinedword“remains”isclosestinmeaningto“”.A.leftoverfood B.animalwasteC.deadbodies D.livingenvironment【解析】選C。詞義猜想題。依據(jù)第四段其次句話“Leonard,anevolutionarybiologist,collectedDNAfrom11bonesofancientdogsthatwerelockedinpermafrost”說明是在永凍層發(fā)覺的狗的骨頭,所以remains應(yīng)當(dāng)是尸體。故C正確。2.AccordingtothestudydescribedinParagraph4,wecanlearnthat.A.ancientdogsenteredNorthAmericabetween1450and1675A.D.B.the11bonesofancientdogsarenotfromnativeAmericandogsC.thebonesdiscoveredbythegoldminerswerefromNorthAmericanwolvesD.thebonesstudiedwerenotfromdogsbroughtintoNorthAmericabyEuropeans【解析】選D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)“Theyfoundthedogsalllivedbetweentheyearsof14