01 人與自我(一)-生活與學(xué)習(xí) B卷(解析版)

2024年中考英語新課標(biāo)話題綜合突破01-人與自我(一)----生活與學(xué)習(xí)(B卷)本系列按照新課標(biāo)主題內(nèi)容要求的三大范疇—“人與自我”、“人與社會”“人與自然”8大主題群精選全國各地2024年最新模擬試題。每個主題群有A、B兩套練習(xí)。A套難度適中；B套難度相對較高。每套練習(xí)包括完形填空(2篇)、閱讀理解(4篇)、任務(wù)型閱讀(1篇)、短文填空(2篇)、書面表達(2篇)。完形填空A(2024·廣東廣州·一模)Lastyear,Iwasallowedtogivestudentsonlineclassesathome.Acomfortablehomeoffice,andgettingawayfromthecrowdedsubwaywasvery1tome.Icouldn’twaittobea2womanandthingsdidgowellforthefirstfewweeks.However,the3ofworkingathomesoonshowedup.Istartedmydaywithawonderfulplan.Ipromisedmyselftohavequickbreakseveryonehourandregular4everyday.Yetmountainsofhomeworktobechecked,non-stoptextmessagesfromparents,andonlinemeetingstiedmetomycomputeralldaylong.Alltheseleftmelittletimeto5.Shorttalkswithothersduringbreaksandquickwalksafterluncharoundmyhomebuildingwereallgone.Finally,myworldwaswithinthewallsofmyhome,andIonlywalkedafewmetersratherthankilometers.Oneday,Itried6oneofmyfavoritedressesanditcouldn’tpassthroughmybodyatall.WhenIlookedatmyselfinthemirror,Isawa7personwithextraweight,messyhair,insteadofapersonwhoenjoyedthetimeathome.The8ofworkandpersonallifemademelikeamachinethatneverstopsworking.Thisexperienceallowedmetodiscovermytrueself.Ineededachange,notjustformy9,buttoputmyhealthatthefirstplace.ImadeapromisetomyselfagainthatIwould10myworkandmybody.Mylifeshouldbeonahealthierway.1．A．a(chǎn)ttractive B．surprising C．challenging D．interesting2．A．happy B．good C．true D．friendly3．A．a(chǎn)dvantages B．solutions C．problems D．expectations4．A．exercise B．breakfast C．shower D．sleep5．A．reply B．relax C．return D．read6．A．cleaningup B．throwingaway C．puttingon D．gettingback7．A．lazy B．tired C．rude D．mad8．A．mix B．success C．exchange D．value9．A．luck B．experience C．duty D．weight10．A．balance B．trust C．serve D．test【答案】1-5AACAB6-10CBADA【解析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者在家給學(xué)生上網(wǎng)課所遇到的一些問題以及作者下定決心作出改變，重新控制自己的生活和身體的故事?！拘☆}1】句意：一個舒適的家庭辦公室，遠離擁擠的地鐵對我來說非常有吸引力。attractive吸引人的；surprising令人驚訝的；challenging富于挑戰(zhàn)性的；interesting有趣的。根據(jù)“Acomfortablehomeoffice,andgettingawayfromthecrowdedsubway”可知，舒適的家庭辦公室，以及遠離擁擠的公共交通，這些都是很吸引人的。故選A。【小題2】句意：我迫不及待地想成為一個幸福的女人，在最初的幾個星期里，一切都很順利。happy快樂的，幸福的；good好的；true真實的；friendly友好的。根據(jù)“Icouldn’twaittobea...woman”可知，不需要擠公交，在家有舒適的辦公環(huán)境，所以此處是指作者想迫不及待地成為一個快樂的女人。故選A?！拘☆}3】句意：然而，在家工作的問題很快就出現(xiàn)了。advantages優(yōu)勢；solutions解決辦法；problems問題；expectations期望。根據(jù)下文“Yetmountainsofhomeworktobechecked,non-stoptextmessagesfromparents,andonlinemeetingstiedmetomycomputeralldaylong.”可知，此處是指居家辦公的問題出現(xiàn)了。故選C。【小題4】句意：我答應(yīng)自己每隔一小時就休息一下，每天定期鍛煉。exercise鍛煉；breakfast早餐；shower洗澡；sleep睡眠。結(jié)合上文“havequickbreaks”可知，作者原計劃每天快速休息，還要進行鍛煉，結(jié)果事與愿違，根本沒有時間鍛煉身體。故選A。【小題5】句意：所有這些都讓我沒有時間放松。reply回復(fù)；relax放松；return回來；read閱讀。根據(jù)上文“Yetmountainsofhomeworktobechecked,non-stoptextmessagesfromparents,andonlinemeetingstiedmetomycomputeralldaylong.”可知，堆積如山的作業(yè)要批改，沒完沒了的來自父母的短信，以及在線會議把我整天都綁在電腦前，所以此處是指作者沒有時間去放松自己。故選B。【小題6】句意：有一天，我試著穿上我最喜歡的一件裙子；結(jié)果，我根本穿不進去。cleaningup清理；throwingaway扔掉；puttingon穿上；gettingback取回。根據(jù)下文“itcouldn’tpassthroughmybodyatall”可知，此處是指作者想試著穿一件裙子。故選C?！拘☆}7】句意：當(dāng)我照鏡子時，我看到的是一個體重超標(biāo)、頭發(fā)凌亂、疲憊不堪的人，而不是一個享受在家時光的人。lazy懶惰的；tired疲倦的；rude粗魯?shù)?；mad生氣的。根據(jù)下文“mademelikeamachinethatneverstopsworking”可知，作者就像一臺永不停歇的機器，負擔(dān)重，疲憊不堪。故選B?！拘☆}8】句意：工作和個人生活的混合使我像一臺永不停止工作的機器。mix混合；success成功；exchange交換；value價值。根據(jù)第二段“workingathome”和下文“workandpersonallife”可知，作者在家里工作，工作和個人生活是混合在一起的。故選A。【小題9】句意：我需要改變，不僅僅是為了我的體重，而是把我的健康放在第一位。luck運氣；experience經(jīng)歷；duty義務(wù)；weight體重。根據(jù)上文“Isawa…personwithextraweight,”可知，此處是指作者長胖了，體重增加了；現(xiàn)在想要作出改變，要控制體重。故選D?！拘☆}10】句意：我再次向自己承諾，我會平衡好工作和身體。balance平衡；trust信任；serve服務(wù)；test測試。根據(jù)下文“Mylifeshouldbeonahealthierway.”可知，此處是指作者下定決心要注意工作和身體健康的均衡，這樣作者的生活才會朝著更健康的方向發(fā)展。故選A。B(2024·浙江·一模)Websteralwayslovedtorun,evenwhenhewasveryyoung.Runninggavehim1,makinghimfeellikehecoulddoanything.Althoughhecouldrunfarandhecouldrunfast,theotherboys2seemedtobelieveinhim.WhenWebstergrewolder,hevisitedavolcano(火山)calledElMisti,whichisabout1,000metersbelowthetallestvolcanoontheearth.Astheboy3atthevolcano,hemadeadecisiontogettothetopofit.Heimaginedwhatitwouldbe4torunallthewaytothetop.Thiswashischancetobecomearealrunner,likehealways5hewouldbe.Earlythenextmorning,hebeganhislongjourney.Heranandranandneverstopped.Heranallthewaythroughaseaofsand6hereachedthevolcano.Ashemadehiswayup,hisbodyached,buthedidn’tstop.7,thepeak(頂峰)ofthevolcanowaswithintheboy’ssight.Hisheartwasfilledwith8!Heranfasterandpushedfarther,buteverytimehethoughthewasgetting9,itwasanotherclimbaway,anothercorner,anotherimpossiblysteepslope(陡坡).“Theotherboyswere10.I’llneverbearealrunner,”theboycried.Butashelookeddownatthecitylightsbelow,hesawhowfarhehadalreadycome.He11thatifhecouldjustputonefootinfrontoftheother,forjustalittlelonger,hecouldmakeit.He12againandclimbedhiswayuptothepeak.Ashestoodabovethecities,abovethedesertsintheclouds,hefeltasenseof13forbelievinginhimselfandaccomplishingwhatnooneelsethoughthecould.Atthattime,Websterreallyunderstood14wasimpossibleifyoucouldtryyourbest.Hemightbeshortandhemightbesmallbuthewasa15runner.Healwayswas.1．A．luck B．beauty C．pleasure D．courage2．A．often B．never C．a(chǎn)lways D．sometimes3．A．lookedup B．lookeddown C．lookedaround D．lookedback4．A．like B．with C．a(chǎn)gainst D．a(chǎn)bout5．A．dreamed B．decided C．worried D．caught6．A．unless B．until C．since D．when7．A．Actually B．Recently C．Suddenly D．Finally8．A．love B．a(chǎn)nger C．regret. D．excitement9．A．faster B．slower C．closer D．farther10．A．tall B．small C．right D．impolite11．A．saw B．doubted C．realized D．suggested12．A．cried B．ran C．visited D．planned13．A．pride B．pain C．fear D．trouble14．A．nothing B．a(chǎn)nything C．something D．everything15．A．free B．real C．kind D．weak【答案】1-5DBAAA5-10BDDCC15-20CBAAB【解析】本文的主旨是通過堅持和努力，人們可以克服困難，實現(xiàn)自己的夢想，并證明他人的質(zhì)疑是錯誤的。韋伯斯特的故事展示了信念的力量，即使面對看似不可能的挑戰(zhàn)，也能通過不屈不撓的精神達成目標(biāo)?！拘☆}1】句意：跑步給了他勇氣，讓他覺得自己無所不能。luck運氣；beauty美麗；pleasure快樂；courage勇氣。根據(jù)“makinghimfeellikehecoulddoanything.”可知，跑步給了韋伯斯特勇氣。故選D。【小題2】句意：其他男孩似乎從不相信他。often經(jīng)常；never從不；always總是；sometimes有時。根據(jù)“Althoughhecouldrunfarandhecouldrunfast”可知，前后為讓步關(guān)系，故空格句說的是但其他的孩子從不相信他。故選B。【小題3】句意：當(dāng)男孩抬頭看著火山時，他決定爬到山頂上去。lookedup向上看；lookeddown向下看；lookedaround環(huán)顧四周；lookedback回頭。根據(jù)常識可知，韋伯斯特參觀火山，應(yīng)該是抬頭看火山。故選A?！拘☆}4】句意：他想象著一路跑到山頂會是什么樣子。like像；with和；against反對；about關(guān)于。本句考查Whatwoulditbeliketodosth？用來表達對某件事情的想象或好奇。故選A。【小題5】句意：這是他成為一名真正的跑步者的機會，就像他一直夢想的那樣。dreamed夢想；decided決定；worried擔(dān)心；caught抓住。根據(jù)“Thiswashischancetobecomearealrunner”可知，成為一名真正的跑步者是他的夢想。故選A?！拘☆}6】句意：他一路跑過一片沙海，直到到達火山。unless除非；until直到；since自；when當(dāng)。根據(jù)“Heranandranandneverstopped.”可知，韋伯斯特一直跑到火山。故選B?！拘☆}7】句意：終于，小男孩看到了火山的頂峰。Actually實際上；Recently最近；Suddenly突然；Finally最后。前文“Ashemadehiswayup,hisbodyached,buthedidn’tstop.”小男孩在爬山，這里說的是他終于看到了火山的頂峰。故選D。【小題8】句意：他的心里充滿了興奮。love愛；anger憤怒；regret后悔；excitement興奮?？吹搅嘶鹕降捻敺?，心里肯定充滿了興奮。故選D。【小題9】句意：但每當(dāng)他覺得自己越來越近的時候，又要爬另一段距離，又一個拐角，又一個不可思議的陡坡。faster快的；slower慢的；closer更接近的；farther更遠的。根據(jù)空格后的句子“itwasanotherclimbaway,anothercorner,anotherimpossiblysteepslope(陡坡).”可知，自己認為感覺更近時，又要爬另一段距離。故選C。【小題10】句意：其他男孩說得對。tall高；small??；right正確的；impolite不禮貌的。首段末尾談到了其他的孩子從不相信他跑得快、跑得遠，這時他有點灰心喪氣，哭著想承認其他男孩說得對。故選C?！拘☆}11】句意：他意識到，如果他能把一只腳放在另一只腳的前面，只要多走一會兒，他就能成功。saw看到；doubted懷疑；realized意識到；suggested建議。結(jié)合選項可知，后文內(nèi)容“ifhecouldjustputonefootinfrontoftheother,forjustalittlelonger,hecouldmakeit.”是他意識到的。故選C。【小題12】句意：他又跑了起來，爬上了山頂。cried哭；ran跑；visited參觀；planned計劃。根據(jù)“climbedhiswayuptothepeak.”可知，現(xiàn)在他又跑了起來。故選B?！拘☆}13】句意：當(dāng)他站在城市之上，云層之上的沙漠之上時，他感到一種自豪感，因為他相信自己，完成了別人認為他做不到的事情。pride驕傲；pain疼痛；fear恐懼；trouble麻煩。根據(jù)“believinginhimselfandaccomplishingwhatnooneelsethoughthecould.”可知，他感到驕傲。故選A?！拘☆}14】句意：在那個時候，韋伯斯特真的明白，如果你能盡最大努力，沒有什么是不可能的。nothing沒有什么；anything任何東西；something某物；everything一切。根據(jù)“Ashestoodabovethecities,abovethedesertsintheclouds,hefeltasenseofprideforbelievinginhimselfandaccomplishingwhatnooneelsethoughthecould.”可知，在韋伯斯特看來，只要盡最大努力，沒有什么是不可能的。故選A?！拘☆}15】句意：他可能很矮，也可能很小，但他是一個真正的跑步者。free自由的；real真正的；kind和善的；weak虛弱的。這里說的是韋伯斯特通過克服困難，實現(xiàn)了自己成為一個真正跑步者的夢想。故選B。閱讀理解A(\o"原始出處：2024年湖南省邵陽市新邵縣小塘鎮(zhèn)多校聯(lián)考中考一模英語試題"2024·上海普陀·二模)BruceRichmondisthefavouriteEnglishteacheroftheYear2023inMapleHighSchool.Hundredsofstudentsjoinhismonth-longfreeonlinewritinglessons.BesidesreadingShakespeare’splays,heenjoyshelpinghisstudentslearnhowtowrite.Nowheisansweringhisstudents’questionsintheweeklyQ&Asectiononlineandofferingthemsomesuggestions.SamBruceRichmond________Tip1Useclevernames.

Well,quiteoftenShakespearegivesinformationaboutwhatapersoninaplayislikethroughtheirnames.Forexample,Romeo’snamemeansapersonbeingromanticandkind.Benvoliocanbeniceandfriendly.Falstaffisacharacterin

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andheislazyandfunny.Nowthinkwhatyoucancallapersoninaplaywhoisangryandhot-temperedallthetime?Yes.MaybeRageorFury.AnnaLiuBruceRichmondHowcanIexpressmyideasandfeelingsinawayfulloflife?Tip2Trymetaphors.

Shakespearewasafanofmetaphors.Ametaphorisawayofcomparingonethingwithsomethingelsetoshowideas,feelings,placesandmore.Andthetwothingsusuallyhavethesamequalities.Intheplay

AsYouLikeIt,hewrites,“________”Whatdoyouthinkofthemetaphorinthissentence?ThomasBruceRichmondWhatshouldIdoifIcan’tfindaproperword?Tip3

________.Eyeball.Lonely.Unreal...AllthesewerecreatedbyShakespeare.Ifyouhaveanideathatyoucan’tthinkofawordfor,belikeShakespeareandcreateyourown.Ifyouwanttocreatewordsthatmeansomethingandmaystandthetestoftime,trycreatingwordslikethis:breakfast+lunch=brunch.Andyoucanstartwithmakingupwordsforeverydaythingsinyourhome.BruceRichmondDoyouwanttowritelikeShakespeare?Youcanputyourquestionshere,orwritetoBruceRichmondat

bruce4weeksclass@163.com1.BruceRichmond’sfreeonlinewritinglessonslastfor__________.A．oneyearB．onemonthC．oneweekD．threeweeks2.WhatquestionmightSamask?A．What’sthemostimportantthingtodotowritegoodplots?B．Whyisthelanguagereallyhardtounderstand?C．What’saquickwaytomakereadersunderstandthecharacters?D．Howareallthedetailsoftheplayputtogether?3.Accordingtothewriter,thenameRageinaplayisusually__________.A．romanticandkindB．a(chǎn)ngryandhot-temperedC．lazyandfunnyD．niceandfriendly4.Whichofthefollowingbestfitstheblank?A．DoyounotknowIamawoman?WhenIthink,Imustspeak.B．Onetouchofnaturemakesthewholeworldfamiliesandrelatives.C．Afoolthinksheiswise,butawisemanknowshimselftobeafool.D．Alltheworldisastageandallthemenandwomenonlyplayers.5.WhatmightBruceRichmondsuggesttoThomas?A．MakeupnewwordsB．TranslatesomewordsC．LearnnewwordsD．Lookforsimilarwords6.Thepassageiswrittento__________.A．encourageyoungstudentstobekindintheirreallifeB．a(chǎn)ttractparentstobuyShakespeare’splaysfortheirchildrenC．teachyoungstudentshowtowriteplayslikeShakespeareD．showteachersthatwritingskillsaretoohardforthestudents【答案】BCBDAC【解析】本文主要介紹了英語老師BruceRichmond在每周的在線問答部分回答學(xué)生的問題，并為他們提供的一些寫作建議?！拘☆}1】細節(jié)理解穎，根據(jù)“Hundredsofstudentsjoinhismonth-longfreeonlinewritinglessons,”可知，BruceRichmond的免費在線寫作課程持續(xù)一個月，故選B?！拘☆}2】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Forexample,Romeo’snamemeansapersonbeingromanticandkind.Benvoliocanbeniceandfriendly.Falstaffisacharacterin

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andheislazyandfunny.Nowthinkwhatyoucancallapersoninaplaywhoisangryandhot.temperedallthetime?Yes.MaybeRageorFury.”"可知，舉例介紹了可以通過名字來理解人物性格，所以推測Sam可能會問“有什么方法可以讓讀者快速理解人物?”，故選C。【小題3】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Nowthinkwhatyoucancallapersoninaplaywhoisangryandhot-temperedallthetime?Yes.MaybeRageorFury.”可知，Rage這個名字通常是易怒且脾氣暴躁的，故選B?！拘☆}4】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Shakespearewasafanofmetaphors.Ametaphorisawayofcomparingonethingwithsomethingelsetoshowideas,feelings,placesandmore.Andthetwothingsusuallyhavethesamequalities."”可知，隱喻是一種將一件事與另一件事進行比較的方式，以表達想法、感受、地點等，而且這兩件事通常具有相同的品質(zhì)，選項D“全世界是一個舞臺，所有的男女是選手?！狈想[喻的手法，故選D?！拘☆}5】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Ifyouhaveanideathatyoucan'tthinkofawordfor,belikeShakespeareandcreateyourown.Ifyouwanttocreatewordsthatmeansomethingandmaystandthetestoftime,trycreatingwordslikethis”可推知,BruceRichmond建議Thomas創(chuàng)造新的單詞，故選A。【小題6】推理判斷題。本文主要介紹了英語老師BruceRichmond在每周的在線問答部分回答學(xué)生的問題，并為他們提供的一些寫作建議，所以這篇文章是為了教年輕學(xué)生如何像莎士比亞一樣寫戲劇，故選C。B(\o"原始出處：2024年湖南省邵陽市新邵縣小塘鎮(zhèn)多校聯(lián)考中考一模英語試題"2024·浙江寧波·一模)BethreceivedapianoasagiftfromherneighbourMr.Laurence.Ithadbelongedtohislategranddaughter.Bethlikeditverymuchandtriedit.Hersisterssaiditwasthegreatestpianotheyhadeverheard.“You’llhavetogoandthankhim,”saidJo,Beth’seldersister.Yes,Imeanto.IguessI’llgonowbeforeIgetfrightenedthinkingaboutit.ThoughBethwasshy,shealsodecidedtoshowhergratitude.Toherwholefamily’ssurprise,BethwalkedtowardsMr.Laurence’shouse.“Mr.Laurencebecamecross(易怒的)afterhisgranddaughterdied.Bethissuchashygirl;howdareshetalkwithhim?”criedHannah,hermum,staringafterher,whilethegirlsbecamequitespeechlessbythemiracle(奇跡)theysawlater.Bethknockedatthedoorbeforeshegaveherselftimetothink.Agruffvoicecalledout,“Comein!”Shedidgoin,rightuptoMr.Laurence,sayinginherlowvoice,“Icametothankyousir,for…”Butshedidn’tfinish,forMr.Laurencelookedsofriendlythatsheforgotherspeech,onlyrememberingthathehadlostthelittlegirlheloved.Afterawhile,sheputherarmsroundhisneckandkissedhim.Iftheroofofthehousehadsuddenlyflownoff,theoldgentlemanwouldn’thavebeenmoresurprised.Buthelikedit.Helikeditamazingly!Andhewassotouchedandpleasedbythatlittlekissandallhiscrossnessdisappeared.Hejustsetheronhisknee,andlaidhiswrinkledcheekagainstherpinkone,feelingasifhehadgothisownlittlegranddaughterback.Bethwasn’tafraidofhimfromthatmoment,andsattheretalkingtohimascozilyasifshehadknownhimallherlife,forlovecastsout(趕走)fear,andgratitudecanconquer(征服)pride.WhenitwastimeforBethtogohome,Mr.Laurencewalkedwithhertoherowngate,shookhandsandtouchedhishatashemarchedbackagain,lookingverystatelyanderectlikeahandsomesoldierlyoldgentleman,ashewas.1.HowdidthefamilymembersfeelwhentheysawBethwalkingtoMr.Laurence’shouse?A．Angry.B．Surprised.C．Nervous.D．Thankful.2.WhydidBethhugandkissMr.Laurenceinsteadofjustthankinghim?A．Becauseshefeltsorryforhisloss.B．Becauseshehadknownhimforalongtime.C．Becauseshewastooafraidtotalktohim.D．Becauseshewasmovedbyhisloveformusic.3.Whichofthefollowingisthecorrectorderaccordingtothepassage?

a.BethvisitedMr.Laurence.tothankhim.b.Mr.LaurencegaveBethapianoasagift.

c.Mr.Laurence’slittlegranddaughterdied.d.BethandMr.Laurencehadagoodtimetogether.A．b-a-c-dB．b-a-d-cC．c-a-b-dD．c-b-a-d4.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．HowtoConquerFearinLifeB．ShowThankstoPeopleWhoHelpedUsC．BeFriendlyandHelpfultotheOldD．LoveandGratitudeCanCreateaMiracle【答案】BADD【解析】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述了貝絲從鄰居勞倫斯先生那里收到了一架鋼琴作為禮物，勞倫斯先生在孫女死后變得暴躁，但貝絲還是鼓起勇氣去感謝他，是愛和感激趕走了恐懼?！拘☆}1】觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)“'Toherwholefamily'ssurprise,BethwalkedtowardsMr.Laurence'shouse.”可知，看著貝絲走向勞倫斯先生家，家人們都很驚訝。故選B?！拘☆}2】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Butshedidn'tfinish,forMr.Laurencelookedsofriendlythatsheforgotherspeech,onlyrememberingthathehadlostthelittlegirlheloved,Afterawhile,sheputherarmsroundhisneckandkissedhim,"可知，勞倫斯先生看貝絲的眼神就像是在看他已故的孫女，由此可猜測，貝絲對此感到遺憾，因此親吻了勞倫斯先生。故選A。【小題3】篇章結(jié)構(gòu)題。根據(jù)“'BethreceivedapianoasagiftfromherneighbourMr.Laurence.Ithadbelongedtohislategranddaughter.”可知，在孫女死后，勞倫斯先生將鋼琴送給了貝絲;根據(jù)“You'llhavetogoandthankhim,”可知，收到禮物后，貝絲決定去感謝勞倫斯先生;根據(jù)“Iftheroofofthehousehadsuddenlyflownoff,theoldgentlemanwouldn’thavebeenmoresurprised....andlaidhiswrinkledcheekagainstherpinkone,feelingasifhehadgothisownlittlegranddaughterback."知，貝絲和勞倫斯先生度過了一段快樂的時光。故選D?！拘☆}4】最佳標(biāo)題題。根據(jù)“...criedHannah,hermum,staringafterher,whilethegirlsbecamequitespeechlessbythemiracle(奇跡)theysawlater."和“Bethwasn'tafraidofhimfromthatmoment,andsattheretalkingtohimascozilyasifshehadknownhimallherlife,forlovecastsoutfear,andgratitudecanconquerpride.”可知，感激和愛趕走了恐懼，創(chuàng)造了奇跡，因此D項“愛和感恩可以創(chuàng)造奇跡”最適合做本文的標(biāo)題。故選D。C(\o"原始出處：2024年湖南省邵陽市新邵縣小塘鎮(zhèn)多校聯(lián)考中考一模英語試題"2024·北京大興·一模)Itissoeasytodescribepeopleasbeingtalented.Justlookatanyheadlinepraisingapieceofartwork,music,orothergreatfeat,andyouarelikelytoseetheword“talented”or“gifted”.However,isbeingtalentedatruemarkerofsuccess?Somepeoplebelievethattalentplaysakeyroleinachievingsuccessfast.Thosewithnaturalabilityinaparticularfieldcanoftengainsuccessrapidlywithlesseffort.Forexample,apersonwithanaturalearformusicmayfinditeasiertolearntoplayaninstrument.TakealookatWolfgangMozart.Hecomposedhisfirstmusicalmasterpiece(杰作)attheageof5.Andattheageof7,hewentonhisfirsttourstoperformhisabilitiesfortheworld.Intheprocessofhighlightingthe“natural”giftsofachievers,hardworkcangetlostinthemix.Theresultisthatmany“talents”believetheyonlyneedtodependontheirinnate(內(nèi)在的)abilitiesinordertoproducegreatworks.Inevitably,thiscanleadtodisappointment,frustration,andevenmentalhealthproblems,becausetherealityisthattalentaloneisnotenough.Oneisoftenledtobelievethatbeingnaturallygiftedistheultimateprerequisite(最終的先決條件)forsuccessinanyfield.Butalmosteveryexampleofabigachievementinvolvessomedegreeofputtinginsomeamountofwork.Inathletics,forexample,standoutathletessuchasMichaelJordan,UsainBolt,andSerenaWilliamsareoftenpraisedfortheirnaturalabilities.However,closeranalysisoftheircareersshowsthattheseathletesspenthugechunksoftheirlivespracticing.Asidefromworkinghard,talentcanonlybecomeusefuliftheownerofthattalentdoeswhatisnecessarytoexpand(拓展)it.Ifyourtalentisjustbeinggoodatplayingtheguitar,forinstance,thatabilitycanonlygetyousofarbecausetherearemanyotherpeoplewhoalsoknowtheirwayaroundtheinstrument.Howwillyousetyourselfapartfromthecrowd?Youwoulddosobyfindingwaystoexpandyourguitar-playingcapabilities,whetherthatmeanslearningnewfingertricksormasteringdifferenttypesofguitars.Thenyouwillbemoresuccessfulthanothers.Nothingiswrongwithhavingnaturalabilities.Afterall,everyoneisborntobegoodatsomething.However,findingsuccessatanylevel,andinanyfield,requiresmorethantalent.Therelationshipsyoucreatewithpeopleandhabitsyoudevelopalsoplayaroleinyourabilitytogrowyourcareer.But,ultimately,workinghardisthemainfactorastohowfaryoucango.1.ThewriterusestheexampleofMozarttotellusthat________.A．naturalabilitycanhelpspeedupsuccessB．beingfamousshouldbeasearlyaspossibleC．talentcantaketheplaceofeffortcompletelyD．everyoneisborntobegoodatsomething2.WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?A．Theresultofanartcompetition.B．Theachievementsoffamoustalents.C．Theproblemsofovervaluinginnateabilities.D．Theprocessofproducinggreatworksbytalents.3.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．Hardworkhelpspeoplefindouttheirnaturalabilitieseasily.B．Almosteverygreatachievementrequiresacertainamountofeffort.C．Relationshipswithpeopleandhabitsaremoreimportantthantalent.D．Talentedpeoplearemorelikelytosucceedthanhardworkingpeople.4.Thewriterprobablyagreesthat________.A．hardworkbringspeoplemoresuccessthantalentdoesB．talentgivespeopleaheadstartinachievementsinanyfieldC．havingtalentisnotenoughtoensuresuccessunlesstalentisimprovedD．hardworkisnomorenecessaryunlessitisdonebypeoplesuccessfully【答案】ACBC【解析】本文作者主要講述了天賦對于成功來說固然重要，但是能讓你走得更遠的還是努力?！拘☆}1】推理判斷題，根據(jù)第二段"'Somepeoplebelievethattalentplaysakeyroleinachievingsuccessfast.Thosewithnaturalabilityinaparticularfieldcanoftengainsuccessrapidlywithlesseffort.”可知本段主要講述天賦會讓成功變得更快，因此可推斷作者通過舉莫扎特的例子主要為了說明天賦會加快成功的速度。故選A?！拘☆}2】段落大意題。根據(jù)“Inevitably,thiscanleadtodisappointment,frustration,andevenmentalhealthproblems,becausetherealityisthattalentaloneisnotenough.”可知太高估天賦的作用會導(dǎo)致失望，受挫甚至精神健康問題，因此本段主要講述了太看重天生的能力會產(chǎn)生的問題。故選C?！拘☆}3】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Butalmosteveryexampleofabigachievementinvolvessomedegreeofputtinginsomeamountofwork.”可知幾乎所有的大成就都需要努力。故選B?！拘☆}4】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Asidefromworkinghard,talentcanonlybecomeusefuliftheownerofthattalentdoeswhatisnecessarytoexpand(拓展)it.”可知只有當(dāng)擁有者做了拓展天賦的必要的事情，天賦才會起作用。因此可推斷作者認為除非天賦得到提升,否則不足以保證能成功。故選C。D(\o"原始出處：2024年湖南省邵陽市新邵縣小塘鎮(zhèn)多校聯(lián)考中考一模英語試題"2024·江蘇無錫·一模)Inthelargestobservationalstudytodateon“superagers”—peopleintheir80swhohavebrainsassharpasthose30yearsyounger—researchersinSpainfoundkeydifferencesinlifestylethatmaycontributetotheseolderadults’sharpminds.Superagersinthestudyhadmoregraymatter(灰質(zhì))inpartsofthebrainrelatedtomovement,andtheyscoredhigheronflexibility,balanceandmobility(行走能力)teststhantypicalolderadults—eventhoughthephysicalactivitylevelsofthetwogroupswerethesame.“Thoughsuperagersreportsimilaractivitylevelstotypicalolderpeople,it’spossibletheydomorephysicallydemandingactivitieslikegardeningorstairclimbing,”saidseniorauthorBryanStrange,directoroftheLaboratoryforClinicalNeuroscienceattheTechnicalUniversityofMadrid,inastatement.“Fromlowerbloodpressureandobesitylevelstoincreasedbloodflowtothebrain,therearemanydirectandindirectbenefitsofbeingphysicallyactivethatmaycontributetoimprovedcognitiveabilitiesinoldage.”Thestudy,publishedonThursdayin

TheLancetHealthyLongevityjournal,followed64superagersand55cognitivelynormalolderadultswhowerepartoftheVallecasProject,along-termresearchprojectonAlzheimer’sinMadrid(馬德里的老年癡呆癥).Inaseriesoftests,thestudyfoundtheSpanishsuperagersscoredlowerthantypicalolderadultsinlevelsofdepressionandanxiety.Mentalhealthissuessuchasdepressionareknownriskfactorsfordevelopingdementia(癡呆).Superagersalsotoldresearcherstheyhadbeenmoreactiveinmidlife,hadbeenhappywiththeamountofsleeptheygot,andwereindependentintheirdailyliving.Poorsleepisakeyriskfactorforcognitivedecline.“Thisstudyaddstowhatwealreadyknow—superagingisn’tjusttheabilitytoperformwellonacognitivetest,”saidAngelaRoberts,anassistantjointprofessorofcommunicationandcomputerscienceatWesternUniversityinLondon,Ontario,inanemail.1.WhatcanweinferfromParagraph2?A．Physicalactivitiesaffectthebraincomposition(構(gòu)成)ofsuperagers.B．Superagersandtypicalolderadultshavesimilaractivitylevels.C．Physicallyactivitieslikegardeningorstairclimbingaredemanding.D．Superagers’brainstructureisdifferentfromthatoftypicalolderadults.2.Whatcanwelearnfromthestudypublishedin

TheLancetHealthyLongevityjournal?A．Thestudyfocusesonmentalhealthofthesubjects.B．Thestudyfindstherelationshipbetweendepressionanddementia.C．Cognitiveabilitiesinoldagemaybeimprovedbyphysicalactivities.D．Superagersaremorelikelytodevelopdementiathantypicalolderadults.3.Whatmaythefollow-upstudyfocuson?A．Therelationshipbetweensleepandcognition.B．Therelationshipbetweenmidlifeandcognition.C．Therelationshipbetweenactivitylevelandcognition.D．Therelationshipbetweenindependenceandcognition.4.WhatcanweknowfromAngelaRoberts’words?A．Sheisgoodatcognitivetests.B．Sheknowslittleaboutsuperaging.C．Superagersaremoreactiveinoldagelife.D．Superagersscoredhighinmanyaspects.【答案】ACAD【解析】本文是一篇說明文?！俺壚先恕爸傅氖?0多歲的人的大腦和30歲的年輕人一樣敏銳，西班牙的研究人員對“超級老人”進行了迄今為止規(guī)模最大的觀察性研究，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，生活方式上的關(guān)鍵差異可能導(dǎo)致了這些老年人思維敏捷?！拘☆}1】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Superagersinthestudyhadmoregraymatter(灰質(zhì))inpartsofthebrainrelatedtomovement,andtheyscoredhigheronflexibility,balanceandmobility(行走力)teststhantypicalolderadults"和"Thoughsuperagersreportsimilaractivitylevelstotypicalolderpeople,it'spossibletheydomorephysicallydemandingactivitieslikegardeningorstairclimbing,”可知，體力活動會影響超級老人的大腦成分。故選A?！拘☆}2】細節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)第三段中的"Fromlowerbloodpressureandobesitylevelstoincreasedbloodflowtothebrain,therearemanydirectandindirectbenefitsofbeingphysicallyactivethatmaycontributetoimprovedcognitiveabilitiesinoldage.”知，身體活動有許多直接和間接的好處，可能有助于提高老年人的認知能力。故選C。【小題3】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Superagersalsotoldresearcherstheyhadbeenmoreactiveinmidlife,hadbeenhappywiththeamountofsleeptheygot,andwereindependentintheirdailyliving.Poorsleepisakeyriskfactorforcognitivedecline."-后續(xù)研究的重點可能是睡眠和認知之間的關(guān)系。故選A。【小題4】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Thisstudyaddstowhatwealreadyknow—superagingisn’tjusttheabilitytoperformwellonacognitivetest,”可知，從AngelaRoberts的話中可以了解到超級老人在很多方面都得分很高。故選D。任務(wù)型閱讀(2024·上海奉賢·二模)Onceuponatime,therewerefourseedswhoweregoodfriends.Thewindtookthemintotheairandtheyfinallylandedonanopenspaceinajungle.Theretheyremainedhiddenintheground,hopingtheywouldbeabletogrowupandbecomebeautifultrees.Butwhenthefirstseedbegangerminating(發(fā)芽),theyrealizedthatitwouldn’tbesuchaneasytask.

Inthatarea,therelivedagroupofmonkeys,andthesmallestoneswouldamusethemselvesbythrowingbananasatanyplantthatwasstartingtogrow.Theythrewsomanybananasatthefirstseedthatitwasalmostsplit(分裂)intwo.Andwhenittoldtheotherseedswhathadhappened,theyallagreeditwouldbebettertowaitforthatgroupofmonkeystomoveonbeforetheytriedtogrow.Then,thefirstseedthoughtsheshouldatleastattempt(嘗試)it.Andwhenshetried,shewaspeltedwithbananas,