2021深圳市高考英語語法填空、閱讀類訓(xùn)練(4)及答案

2021深圳市高考英語語法填空、閱讀類訓(xùn)練（4）及答案語法填空。閱讀下面短文，依據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語法性和上下文連貫的要求，在空格處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~或使用口號(hào)中詞語的正確形式填空，并將答案填寫在答題卡標(biāo)號(hào)為16~25的相應(yīng)位置上。ThereoncelivedaboynamedWooSing,16fatherbroughthomeamirror.WooSinghadneverseenonebefore.Sowhenhesawitforthefirsttime,hedidn’tunderstand17itwas,butthoughthesaw18boy,whichmadehimveryhappy,forhethoughttheboyhadcometoplaywithhim.Hespoketothestrangerinaveryfriendlyway,butreceivednoreply.Helaughedandwavedattheboy,whodidexactly19samething.Thenhethought,“I’llgocloser.Itmaybethathedoesn’thearme”.Butwhenhebegantowalk,theotherboyimitated（仿照）him.WooSingstopped20(think)aboutthesestrangeactions,sayingtohimself,“Thisboyisfoolingme.HedoeseverythingthatIdo;”andthemorehethoughtaboutit,the21(angry)hebecameandsoonhenoticedtheboybecameangrytoo.SoWooSing22(strike)theboyintheglass,butheonlyhurthisownhandandwent23(cry)tohisfather,whosaid,“Theboyyousawwas24image.Thisshouldteachyouanimportantlesson,myson.Youshouldnevershowyourangertoothers.Nowrememberthatinreallifewhenyoustrike25causeyou’llhurtyourselfmostofall.”【參考答案】語法填空：16.whose17.what18.another19.the20.tothink21.angrier22.struck23.crying24.your25.without完形填空Susanwasashybutclevergirl.Shecouldn'tseetoowellandhadwornglassesformanyyears.Someofherclassmatesbeganto__1__atherbigglasses.Lewisstartedcallingher“FourEyes”．Sheactedlikeshedidn'tmind，butinfactSusancouldn't__2__it.Oneday，theclasswenttovisitsomefamouscaves，whenLewisputhisfootinaholeandslipped.While__3__，hegrabbedontoSusan，whowaswalkingnexttohim，andbothfelldowntheholeandlandedinaverybig__4__cave.Allthatcouldbeseenwasasinglerayoflightcomingfromthecaveroof，andsome__5__whichhadfallenthroughthehole.SusanandLewisshoutedforhelp，butnoonecame.Heusedthe__6__lighttolookforawayout.Butafterhoursof__7__，hefoundnothing，andstartedfeeling__8__.Itmusthavebeen__9__，whenSusannoticedthattherayoflightwasdescendingfromtheholeinastraightline，and__10__onthefloorinfrontofher.__11__，shetookapieceof__12__thathadfallenintothecave，and，usingher__13__asamagnifyingglass，she__14__therayoflightontothewooduntilalittle__15__sprangup.Nowtheyhadatorch.Lewiswatchedallthiswithsurpriseand__16__.Hegrabbedsomemorebranches，andofftheywenttogether，to__17__thecave.Ittookthemsometime，andtheyhadto__18__quiteafewtorches，butfinallytheyfoundawayout.Henow__19__havinggivenherthatname，__20__seeingthatitwasherglassesthathadsavedthemboth.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。聰慧而大方的Susan由于戴眼鏡而受到同學(xué)的贊揚(yáng)。但在一次班級(jí)出游中，贊揚(yáng)她的同學(xué)Lewis和Susan一同掉進(jìn)了一個(gè)漆黑的地窖中，是Susan用自己的眼鏡聚集太陽光點(diǎn)燃了洞里的枯樹枝兩人才得以走出地窖。1．A.shout B．laugh C．point D．glance解析從后一句“Lewisstartedcallingher‘FourEyes’”可知，同學(xué)們開頭贊揚(yáng)Susan戴眼鏡。laughat“贊揚(yáng)?！贝鸢窧2．A.stand B．understand C．resist D．stop解析依據(jù)前句和轉(zhuǎn)折詞可知，Susan表面不在乎別人的贊揚(yáng)，但事實(shí)上難以忍受。stand“容忍，忍受”，符合語境。答案A3．A.passing B．walking C．crying D．falling解析Lewis在滑倒的時(shí)候抓住了走在他旁邊的Susan。由語境可知D項(xiàng)正確。答案D4．A.narrow B．empty C．dark D．cold解析從下句只能看到從洞頂射進(jìn)來的一束光和后文兩人用火把照明可知，山洞里格外黑。答案C5．A.branches B．stones C．leaves D．fruits解析從后文Susan用樹枝做火把可知，有些樹枝掉到了洞中。答案A6．A.natural B．strong C．a(chǎn)rtificial D．weak解析從前文可知，只有一縷陽光照進(jìn)洞中，由此可知光線很微弱。答案D7．A.waiting B．searching C．planning D．talking解析Lewis試圖借著光亮查找出去的路，但是經(jīng)過幾個(gè)小時(shí)的查找，并沒有找到出口。答案B8．A.annoyed B．starved C．frightened D．puzzled解析經(jīng)過幾個(gè)小時(shí)的查找仍未找到出口，他開頭感到可怕。答案C9．A.noon B．suppertimeC．earlymorning D．lateafternoon解析陽光直射在洞中，由此推斷此時(shí)已經(jīng)是中午了。答案A 10．A.shining B．reflecting C．spreading D．landing解析從時(shí)間到了中午這一細(xì)節(jié)可知，陽光從洞口射入，落在地面上。land“落下，掉下”，符合語境。答案D11．A.Slowly B．Quickly C．Quietly D．Finally解析Susan很快拿起了一塊掉在山洞里的木頭。故B項(xiàng)正確，其他三項(xiàng)均不符合語境。答案B12．A.rock B．grass C．wood D．paper解析后文有提示，Susan用樹枝做成了火把，因此此處指“木頭”。答案C13．A.keys B．shoes C．glasses D．knives解析從本文最終一句可知，正是Susan的眼鏡救了兩人的命，因此此處指她將眼鏡用作放大鏡來點(diǎn)燃木頭。答案C14．A.collected B．focusedC．placed D．poured解析由語境可知，此處指她用眼鏡把陽光聚集在木頭上。focus“集中(光束于)”，符合語境。答案B15．A.air B．smoke C．light D．flame解析在陽光的照射下，木頭點(diǎn)燃了，毀滅了小火苗。答案D16．A.excitement B．shockC．wonder D．pride解析看到眼前發(fā)生的一切，Lewis感到既吃驚又興奮，由于兩人可以借助火把找到地窖的出口了。答案A17．A.explode B．enlarge C．explore D．dig解析他又撿了一些樹枝，他們一起去探究地窖。答案C18．A.break B．burn C．hold D．make解析兩人花費(fèi)了很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間，燒掉了好幾根火把，但是最終他們找到了出口。答案B19．A.preferred B．rememberedC．enjoyed D．regretted解析Susan的眼鏡救了兩人的命，因此Lewis懊悔當(dāng)時(shí)給Susan起那個(gè)外號(hào)。regretdoingsth“懊悔做了某事”。答案D20．A.especially B．a(chǎn)ctuallyC．carefully D．thoroughly解析尤其是當(dāng)他看到正是她的眼鏡救了兩人的命。especially“尤其”，符合語境。答案A閱讀下面短文，把握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Astudyhasshowedthatthebrainmakesdecisionsabout10secondsbeforeapersonrealizesit.Expertsinvolvedinthestudysaidthatlookingatbrainactivitywhilemakingadecision,theycouldpredictthechoicesthesubjectswouldmake,beforetheyrealizedthattheyhadmadeadecision.LeadresearcherJohn-DylanHaynes,aneuroscientist(神經(jīng)學(xué)家)attheMaxPlanckInstituteforHumanCognitiveandBrainSciencesinLeipzig,saidthatthenewfindingscalledintoquestionsfor“consciousness”ofdecisionsthatpeoplemake,andmightevenchallengeideasastohow“free”peoplearetomakeadecisionataparticularmoment.“Wethinkourdecisionsareconscious,butthesedatashowthatconsciousnessisjustthetipoftheiceberg,”Naturemagazinequoted(引用)himassaying.Thinkingtheresults“quitedramatic”,FrankTongofVanderbiltUniversityinNashville,Duringthestudy,thebrainsof14volunteerswereimagedastheyperformedadecision-makingtask.Thesubjectshadtwobuttonsbeforethem,eachtobeoperatedbyadifferenthand,whichtheycouldpresswhentheyfelttheurgeto.Theyweresimultaneously(同時(shí)地)shownastreamofletters,whichappearedonascreenathalf-secondintervals(間隔).Thevolunteershadtorememberwhichletterwasshowingwhentheydecidedtopresstheirbutton.Uponanalysisofthedata,theresearchersrealizedthattheearliestsignaltheycouldcatchstartedsevensecondsbeforethevolunteersreportedhavingmadetheirdecision.Giventhedelayofafewsecondsintheimaging,theyreckoned(估量)thatthebrainactivitycouldhavebegunabouttensecondsbeforetheconsciousdecision.Theresearchersshowedthatthesignalswerepickedupfromaregion(區(qū)域)calledthefrontopolarcortex(腦額極皮層),whichislocatedatthefrontofthebrain,immediatelybehindtheforehead.Whilewritingabouttheobservationsmadeduringtheresearchinhisstudyreport,Haynessaidthatthefrontopolarcortexmightbethebrainregionwheredecisionsarestarted.Healsoshowedthatthenextstepintheresearchwouldbetospeedupthedataanalysissoastoenablehisteamtopredictpeople’schoicesastheirbrainswouldmakethem.1.Thepassagetellsusthat______.A.weareawareofourwholeprocessofdecision-makingB.peopledon’tmakedecisionsuntiltheyrealizeitC.expertshavenowaytotellwhatdecisiononewillmakeD.thedecision-makingprocessstartsbeforeitismade2.Theunderlinedword“subjects”inPara.2probablyrefersto______.A.thetopicoftheexperts’researchpaperB.thescientificsubjectsthattheexpertswerestudyingC.thethingsthatexpertsdo