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11中考體育分值上調(diào)“全民體育”或成熱潮備考2023年中考英語熱點(diǎn)材料真題題型專練背景材料:中考體育分值上調(diào)“全民體育”或成熱潮2020-12-2209:12:00來源:中國青年報(bào)當(dāng)“中考體育占分逐步走向100分”的趨勢,成為學(xué)生、家長、校長、教師的一個(gè)共同判斷方向時(shí),學(xué)生體育運(yùn)動(dòng)開始“動(dòng)真格”的了?!安辉试S占用體育課,喊了多少年了?我可以肯定地說,這種現(xiàn)象依然有,但現(xiàn)在以及將來,這種做法將會(huì)越來越少?!鄙虾R凰踔械捏w育教師王華(化名)告訴中青報(bào)·中青網(wǎng)記者,未來要接受考驗(yàn)的,是學(xué)校里的體育教師,“不是每一個(gè)教師都能讓學(xué)生上課心率達(dá)到120-140的,也不是每一個(gè)教師都能適應(yīng)未來可能的新考核”。12月14日,在教育部召開的第五場“教育2020‘收官’系列新聞發(fā)布會(huì)”上,教育部體育衛(wèi)生與藝術(shù)教育司司長王登峰再次明確了“體育中考”的大趨勢,“目前全國各地都已經(jīng)普遍推進(jìn)了體育中考,所有地方的中考都要考體育,分值從30分到100分不等。從2021年起,絕大多數(shù)省份體育中考分值都會(huì)增加,而且增加的幅度會(huì)比較大”。中青報(bào)·中青網(wǎng)記者注意到,體育中考如今正朝著帶火“全民體育”的方向發(fā)展。中考體育培訓(xùn)項(xiàng)目供不應(yīng)求網(wǎng)球場地一票難求網(wǎng)球、籃球、游泳,初二學(xué)生家長羅女士每周六都會(huì)陪孩子一起泡在上海浦東的三林體育中心。這個(gè)在自己上學(xué)時(shí)認(rèn)為“體育課就是聊天課”的運(yùn)動(dòng)“渣媽”,如今和兒子一起上網(wǎng)球課,“兒子打完網(wǎng)球,去打籃球。他打籃球時(shí),我和愛人一起打網(wǎng)球”。羅女士的兒子明年即將初中畢業(yè)。根據(jù)2019年4月上海市教委制定發(fā)布的《上海初中畢業(yè)升學(xué)體育考試實(shí)施方案》,這群2021年參加中考的學(xué)生,剛好擠進(jìn)體育中考“小變革”的試驗(yàn)田。上海的體育中考分值為30分,其中15分為日常考核分值,15分為統(tǒng)一考試成績。而在“統(tǒng)一考試”中,體育運(yùn)動(dòng)項(xiàng)目被分成了4個(gè)大類。第一類占6分,可選項(xiàng)目為1000或800米跑、200米游泳、4分鐘跳繩;第二類占3分,可選項(xiàng)目為50米跑、立定跳遠(yuǎn)、實(shí)心球、仰臥起坐、25米游泳;第三類占3分,可選乒乓球、羽毛球、網(wǎng)球、武術(shù)、體操;第四類占3分,可選足球、籃球、排球。與往年相比,2021年體育的中考分值沒變,但增加了4分鐘跳繩、乒乓球、羽毛球、網(wǎng)球、武術(shù)等可選項(xiàng)目。網(wǎng)球、籃球、游泳,是羅女士為兒子配置的“最佳體育運(yùn)動(dòng)組合”——網(wǎng)球鍛煉協(xié)調(diào)性,可以消弭兒子的弱項(xiàng);籃球是兒子喜歡的,可以幫助孩子長個(gè)子;游泳練耐力,冬天游泳還能預(yù)防感冒。她告訴記者,目前初中生家長最青睞網(wǎng)球和羽毛球課,但能像自己一樣騰出一天時(shí)間泡在運(yùn)動(dòng)場館的人很少,“我是一個(gè)在學(xué)生階段特別不喜歡體育、跑個(gè)800米都要哭出聲的人。現(xiàn)在快40歲了,每天逼自己跑步、鍛煉,累得不行。我想讓孩子從小就鍛煉起來,正好有體育中考改革,順?biāo)浦邸?。記者注意到,從今?0月教育部發(fā)布“體育中考逐步占分達(dá)到100分”這一消息后,上海各大體育場館開始陸續(xù)上馬“中考體育”相關(guān)的培訓(xùn),一些培訓(xùn)機(jī)構(gòu)打出了“運(yùn)動(dòng)興趣+應(yīng)試提分”的口號(hào)。有的機(jī)構(gòu)還推出了“3個(gè)月中考體育提分計(jì)劃”,為學(xué)生配備“中考顧問團(tuán)隊(duì)”和“具有豐富測評(píng)經(jīng)驗(yàn)的專業(yè)教練團(tuán)隊(duì)”,收費(fèi)不菲。網(wǎng)球教練小葉告訴記者,今年10月以來,自己的私教預(yù)約量呈幾何級(jí)上漲。忙的時(shí)候,一天從早上9點(diǎn)陪練到晚上7點(diǎn),10個(gè)小時(shí)都顧不上吃飯。有的家長為了讓孩子網(wǎng)球技術(shù)快速提高,一小時(shí)里聘請(qǐng)兩名教練陪孩子練球——一人給孩子喂球,一人糾正孩子擊球動(dòng)作。上海的網(wǎng)球場也出現(xiàn)了一票難求的狀況——各大網(wǎng)球場不允許電話預(yù)約,要求消費(fèi)者每周一早7時(shí)去現(xiàn)場排隊(duì)預(yù)約場地并現(xiàn)場支付場地費(fèi)。“黃?!眲t伺機(jī)而動(dòng)。上海黃浦區(qū)的一名“黃?!备嬖V記者,自己每周一早上4點(diǎn)起床去體育中心排隊(duì),原價(jià)150元1小時(shí)的周末網(wǎng)球場地,至少到200元才能出手,高的時(shí)候可以賣到280元。幼兒園和小學(xué)家長未雨綢繆1分或是千軍萬馬記者注意到,除了初中生家長,加碼體育運(yùn)動(dòng)培訓(xùn)班更起勁的,當(dāng)屬小學(xué)生、幼兒園學(xué)生家長。李先生的孩子正在讀小學(xué)三年級(jí)。最近在孩子已有的校足球隊(duì)基礎(chǔ)上,李先生自行給孩子加碼了網(wǎng)球項(xiàng)目——他準(zhǔn)備讓孩子在寒假期間“天天打球”。李先生告訴記者,從今年10月開始,因?yàn)橹锌俭w育可能會(huì)有新政出臺(tái),小學(xué)生家長群開始“沸騰了”:“2021年中考的孩子,還是30分的分值;等到我們孩子中考,很有可能就是100分的分值了。”家長們的一個(gè)普遍判斷是——體育30分的分值,對(duì)學(xué)生的要求可能只是“會(huì)打球”“能跑完”;而一旦體育分值達(dá)到100分,對(duì)學(xué)生的要求可能就是“0.1秒的差距等于1分”,為了拉開分值,勢必會(huì)在技巧、完成程度、速度、質(zhì)量等方面加碼。這種情況下,學(xué)校體育教育能否“跟得上趟”就成為焦點(diǎn)?!耙粋€(gè)簡單的立定跳遠(yuǎn),都是有技巧的,多跳個(gè)0.5米可能分值就不同了?!币幻w育中考培訓(xùn)機(jī)構(gòu)負(fù)責(zé)人向記者介紹。12月初“云南中考體育100分”正式方案的出臺(tái)在全國范圍都受到了廣泛關(guān)注,這是全國第一個(gè)確定體育100分考什么、怎么考的省份。它的做法,也成為家長、老師一窺未來改革走向的一個(gè)風(fēng)向標(biāo)。云南省教育廳辦公室主任李光洪稱,云南方案中的“體育100分”并不是為了考出區(qū)分度,“只要認(rèn)真上課、堅(jiān)持鍛煉、積極參加競賽活動(dòng),每一個(gè)學(xué)生都可以考出100分”。但家長們的想法,似乎與教育行政主管部門的“所愿”不盡相同。李先生專門研究了云南體育100分方案的細(xì)則,他注意到,以1分鐘跳繩為例,九年級(jí)男生跳110個(gè)只能得0.1分,而跳170個(gè)就能得2.0分,每0.1分之間的差距是3個(gè),“真到了中考時(shí),1分就是千軍萬馬,家長不可能不爭不搶,不可能不報(bào)培訓(xùn)班”。不以分?jǐn)?shù)論英雄消滅“三無”體育課上海市建平西校校長趙之浩告訴中青報(bào)·中青網(wǎng)記者,體育中考最關(guān)鍵的問題不應(yīng)拘泥在“占多少分”上,而是要關(guān)注青少年運(yùn)動(dòng)習(xí)慣的培養(yǎng)以及學(xué)校的重視程度上。趙之浩從事了20多年初中教學(xué)工作,一個(gè)重要的感受是——上海越來越重視體育課?!皬淖钤绲闹锌?分體育分都沒有,到后來有4分,現(xiàn)在有30分,又增加了乒、羽、網(wǎng)等可選項(xiàng)目,體育越來越重要”?!斑^去,有的學(xué)校校長是非常不重視體育。納入中考后,那些校長要改了。”趙之浩說,“體”是形式,“育”是手段,以體育人的最終目的是讓學(xué)生養(yǎng)成良好的運(yùn)動(dòng)習(xí)慣,成為具有健全人格和強(qiáng)健體魄的“健康人”,“中考是指揮棒,是告訴校長們要加強(qiáng)重視體育。但學(xué)生體育好不好,不能以分?jǐn)?shù)論英雄”。早在“體育中考100分”這個(gè)消息出來之前,趙之浩所在的學(xué)校就自行訂購了價(jià)值不菲的乒乓球、羽毛球發(fā)球器,讓學(xué)生在體育課上進(jìn)行練習(xí)。此外,學(xué)校兩座籃球館也在今年重新裝修,購置了高級(jí)別的籃球運(yùn)動(dòng)器材。他特別不贊成學(xué)生為了體育成績報(bào)課外補(bǔ)課班,“只要校內(nèi)體育課認(rèn)真上,老師都會(huì)教好,把運(yùn)動(dòng)質(zhì)量提高上來。家長要理性選擇,相信學(xué)?!?。華東師范大學(xué)體育與健康學(xué)院黨委書記汪曉贊長期從事提高學(xué)校體育教育質(zhì)量的研究,她也特別關(guān)注孩子們的“運(yùn)動(dòng)習(xí)慣”,“有人說我們過去的體育課不出汗,體育老師其實(shí)也想解決這個(gè)問題,我們正探索如何監(jiān)控體育課的運(yùn)動(dòng)強(qiáng)度和密度?!币弧⑼晷翁羁誘hewinterholidayisusuallyagoodtimetosleepin.ButZhaoYi,a14-year-oldstudentfromHangzhou,___1___upat7:00a.m.torunatleast2kilometerseverydayduringtheholiday.Infact,theexercisewaspartofhis___2___.Zhaowasnot___3___.Manyschoolsaskedstudentsto___4___duringthewinterholiday.Partofthereasonisthatphysicaleducationtestscoresarenowworthmoreontheseniorhighschoolentranceexamination(中考).Becauseofthis,Zhao’sschoolaskedstudentstorunonsunnydaysandexerciseindoors___5___theweatherwasbad.Studentshadtopost(公布)exercisephotosin___6___classes’QQgroups.Studentsevenneededtohavedailyexerciseplans.Forexample,theyhadtoskiprope(跳繩)fortwo___7___anddothreesetsofsit-upseachday.Thishasbeenabigchallengeformanystudents,___8___ithasalsohelpedtomakeexercisebecomeabiggerpartoftheirdailylives.HuangZhichang,a14-year-oldstudentatthesameschoolasZhao,usedto___9___running.Butheisnowabletorunforhalfanhoureveryday.“Ididn’texercisealotinthepast.Nowit’stimeto___10___upwithothers!”hesaid.1.A.got B.went C.getting D.go2.A.job B.reason C.homework D.housework3.A.shy B.a(chǎn)lone C.interesting D.exciting4.A.exercise B.read C.write D.speak5.A.what B.where C.if D.which6.A.his B.your C.our D.their7.A.seconds B.minutes C.hours D.days8.A.but B.or C.a(chǎn)nd D.so9.A.practice B.finish C.enjoy D.hate10.A.catch B.have C.fall D.play【短文大意】本文講述現(xiàn)如今我國許多學(xué)校讓學(xué)生在寒假期間鍛煉,原因之一是中考中的體育測試分值增加了,這一要求使更多學(xué)生開始堅(jiān)持做運(yùn)動(dòng)?!敬鸢附馕觥?.句意:但來自杭州的14歲學(xué)生趙毅在放假期間每天早上7點(diǎn)就起床跑步,至少要跑2公里。got得到,過去式;went去,過去式;getting動(dòng)名詞;go動(dòng)詞原形。根據(jù)“…upat7:00a.m.torunatleast2kilometerseverydayduringtheholiday.”可知,是起床跑步,getup“起床”,又因描述過去發(fā)生的事用一般過去時(shí),動(dòng)詞用過去式。故選A。2.句意:事實(shí)上,這項(xiàng)鍛煉是他家庭作業(yè)的一部分。job工作;reason原因;homework家庭作業(yè);housework家務(wù)。根據(jù)下文“Manyschoolsaskedstudentsto…duringthewinterholiday.”可知這是學(xué)校布置的“家庭作業(yè)”。故選C。3.句意:趙并非個(gè)例。shy害羞的;alone單獨(dú)的;interesting有趣的;exciting令人興奮的。根據(jù)下文“Manyschoolsaskedstudentsto…duringthewinterholiday.”可知學(xué)校讓學(xué)生們都這么做,并非趙一個(gè)人這么做,用alone符合題意。故選B。4.句意:許多學(xué)校要求學(xué)生寒假期間鍛煉身體。exercise鍛煉;read讀;write寫;speak說。根據(jù)下文“Partofthereasonisthatphysicaleducationtestscoresarenowworthmoreontheseniorhighschoolentranceexamination(中考).”可知,此處講到部分原因是體育測試成績?cè)谥锌贾懈匾耍赏瞥鍪且髮W(xué)生們鍛煉身體,用exercise符合題意。故選A。5.句意:因此,趙的學(xué)校要求學(xué)生在晴天跑步,如果天氣不好就在室內(nèi)鍛煉。what什么;where哪里;if如果;which哪一個(gè)。根據(jù)題干可知“天氣不好”是“在室內(nèi)鍛煉”的條件,用if引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句。故選C。6.句意:學(xué)生們必須在班級(jí)的QQ群里發(fā)布鍛煉照片。his他的;your你(們)的;our我們的;their他們的。根據(jù)主語“Students”可知此處是說他們的班級(jí)QQ群里,用their符合題意。故選D。7.句意:例如,他們每天必須跳繩兩分鐘,做三組仰臥起坐。seconds秒;minutes分;hours小時(shí);days天。根據(jù)題干中“eachday”可排除D項(xiàng);運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)不可能只跳兩秒,排除A;每天跳繩兩小時(shí)屬于運(yùn)動(dòng)過量,排除C。此處應(yīng)是說“每天必須跳繩兩分鐘”,用minutes符合題意。故選B。8.句意:這對(duì)許多學(xué)生來說是一個(gè)巨大的挑戰(zhàn),但它也有助于使鍛煉成為他們?nèi)粘I钪懈蟮囊徊糠?。but但是;or否則;and和;so因此??涨罢f運(yùn)動(dòng)是挑戰(zhàn),空后又說運(yùn)動(dòng)的好處,句意出現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)折,用but符合題意。故選A。9.句意:14歲的黃志昌和趙是同一所學(xué)校的學(xué)生,他曾經(jīng)很討厭跑步。practice練習(xí);finish完成;enjoy喜歡;hate討厭。根據(jù)“Butheisnowabletorunforhalfanhoureveryday…Ididn’texercisealotinthepast.”可知,是曾經(jīng)很討厭跑步。故選D。10.句意:現(xiàn)在是時(shí)候趕上其他人了!catch趕上;have有;fall跌倒;play玩。根據(jù)上文“Ididn’texercisealotinthepast.”可知,他之前不怎么做運(yùn)動(dòng),由此可推出需要做運(yùn)動(dòng)趕上別人,catchupwith“趕上”。故選A。Thewinterholidayisusuallyagoodtimetohavefunwithfamilyandfriendsorsleepin.ButthingsseemtobedifferentforZhangXiu,a13-year-oldstudentfromHunan.She____11____at7a.m.torunatleast2kilometerseverydayduringtheholiday.Infact,this____12____waspartofherhomework.Zhangwasnot____13____.Manyschoolsaskedstudentstoexerciseduringthewinterholiday.Partofthereasonisthatphysicaleducationtestscoresarenowworthmoreontheseniorhighschoolentranceexam(中考).Andinsomeplaces,thescorenow____14____upto60points.Becauseofthis,Zhang’sschoolalsoaskedstudentstorunonsunnydaysandexerciseindoorsiftheweatherwas____15____.Studentshadtoposttheexercisephotosintheirclasses’QQgroups.Studentsevenneededtohavedailyexercise____16____.Forexample,theyhadtoskiprope(跳繩)forfive____17____anddothreesetsofsit-ups(仰臥起坐)eachday.Theirparentssignedoffontheirplanswhenfinishexercising.Thishasbeenabig____18____formanystudents.Butitalsohelpedtomakeexercisebecomeabiggerpartoftheirdailylives.ManystudentslikeWanTong,a14-year-oldstudentatthesameschoolasZhang,usedto____19____running.Butsheisnowabletorunforhalfanhoureveryday.“Ididn’texercisealotinthepast.Nowit’stimetoget____20____forcelebration!”shesaid.11.A.wenttobed B.gotup C.wenthiking D.playedgames12.A.education B.job C.exercise D.condition13.A.a(chǎn)lone B.shy C.common D.exciting14.A.cheers B.raises C.reduces D.speaks15.A.warm B.comfortable C.good D.bad16.A.comments B.requests C.plans D.dreams17.A.minutes B.days C.seconds D.months18.A.challenge B.decision C.a(chǎn)ccident D.sense19.A.keep B.enjoy C.like D.hate20.A.sorry B.fit C.ready D.easy【短文大意】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講了體育考試被重視之后,很多學(xué)校和學(xué)生的改變。【答案解析】11.句意:在這個(gè)假期她每天七點(diǎn)起床至少跑兩公里。wenttobed上床睡覺;gotup起床;wenthiking去徒步旅行;playedgames玩游戲。由“Thewinterholidayisusuallyagoodtimetohavefunwithfamilyandfriendsorsleepin...She...at7a.m.torunatleast2kilometerseverydayduringtheholiday.”可知寒假睡覺的好時(shí)機(jī),但是她每天七點(diǎn)起床后去跑至少兩公里。故選B。12.句意:事實(shí)上,這個(gè)練習(xí)是她家庭作業(yè)的一部分,education教育;job工作;exercise訓(xùn)練,運(yùn)動(dòng);condition條件。由“Infact,this...waspartofherhomework.”可知此處說的跑步是她家庭作業(yè)的一部分。故選C。13.句意:張秀并不孤單。alone孤獨(dú)的;shy害羞的;common普通的;exciting令人興奮的。由“Zhangwasnot...Manyschoolsaskedstudentstoexerciseduringthewinterholiday.”可知張秀并不孤單,很多學(xué)校都在寒假要求學(xué)生這樣做。故選A。14.句意:在某些地方,分?jǐn)?shù)現(xiàn)在提高到了60分。cheers喝彩;raises提高;reduces減少;speaks說話。由“Partofthereasonisthatphysicaleducationtestscoresarenowworthmoreontheseniorhighschoolentranceexam.Andinsomeplaces,thescorenow...upto60points.”可知體育成績?cè)谥锌贾袃r(jià)值很高,現(xiàn)在提高到了60分。故選B。15.句意:因?yàn)檫@個(gè)原因,張秀的學(xué)校也要求學(xué)生在陽光明媚的日子跑步,如果天氣不好就在室內(nèi)運(yùn)動(dòng)。warm溫暖的;comfortable舒適的;good好的;bad壞的。由“Becauseofthis,ZhangXiu’sschoolalsoaskedstudentstorunonsunnydaysandexerciseindoorsiftheweatherwas...”可知學(xué)校要求學(xué)生天氣好去跑步,天氣不好也要在室內(nèi)運(yùn)動(dòng)。故選D。16.句意:學(xué)生們甚至需要制定日常鍛煉計(jì)劃。comments評(píng)論;requests要求;plans計(jì)劃;dreams夢想。由“Studentsevenneededtohavedailyexercise...Forexample,theyhadtoskipropeforfive...anddothreesetsofsit-upseachday.”可知學(xué)生們需要制定每日訓(xùn)練計(jì)劃,如仰臥起坐,跳繩等很多計(jì)劃。故選C。17.句意:例如,他們必須每天跳繩五分鐘并且做三組仰臥起坐。minutes分鐘;days天;seconds秒;months月。由“Forexample,theyhadtoskipropeforfive...anddothreesetsofsit-upseachday.”可知每天跳繩五分鐘。故選A。18.句意:這對(duì)許多學(xué)生來說是一個(gè)巨大的挑戰(zhàn)。challenge挑戰(zhàn);decision決定;accident事故;sense感覺。由“Thishasbeenabig...formanystudents.”和“Ididn’texercisealotinthepast.”可知過去很多學(xué)生不經(jīng)常鍛煉,所以堅(jiān)持做運(yùn)動(dòng)對(duì)學(xué)生來說是一個(gè)巨大挑戰(zhàn)。故選A。19.句意:許多學(xué)生如萬彤,一個(gè)14歲和張秀一個(gè)學(xué)校的學(xué)生,過去討厭跑步。keep堅(jiān)持;enjoy喜歡;like喜歡;hate討厭。由“ManystudentslikeWanTong,a14-year-oldstudentatthesameschoolasZhang,usedto...running.Butsheisnowabletorunforhalfanhoureveryday.”可知萬彤以前討厭跑步,但她現(xiàn)在可以每天跑一個(gè)半小時(shí)。故選D。20.句意:現(xiàn)在是準(zhǔn)備慶祝的時(shí)候了!sorry對(duì)不起;fit合適的;ready準(zhǔn)備好的;easy容易的。由“Ididn’texercisealotinthepast.Nowit’stimetoget...forcelebration!”可知以前不愛運(yùn)動(dòng),現(xiàn)在經(jīng)常運(yùn)動(dòng),是一件值得慶祝的事情,getreadyfor表示“為……準(zhǔn)備好”為固定搭配。故選C。二、語法選擇Thecentralgovernmentproducedadocument(文件)toimprovephysicaleducation(PE)inChinaonOctober15,2020.Itisimportanttoimprovephysicaleducationinprimary,middleandhighschools.Becauseoftheexam-oriented(以考試為導(dǎo)向的)educationsystem,moststudentsspendmoretime___21___math,Englishand____22____mainsubjects.Infact,PE____23____inSeniorSchoolEntranceExamination(中考)about10yearsago,butitspercentageinthetotalexamwasquitelow.Lastyear,YunnanbecamethefirstprovincetogivePEclassesthesame____24____asthemainsubjects.Itdecided____25____thescorefrom50to100inSeniorSchoolEntranceExamination.____26____,PEisalsoexpectedtobeincludedinNMET(高考)inthenearfuture.PEclasseshadbetterimprovestudentsphysicalhealthandsportsskills—insteadofbeingmadeacriterion(標(biāo)準(zhǔn))forpassingSeniorSchoolEntranceExaminationorNMET.JiaoLiuyang,____27____wontheOlympicswimmingchampion,oncesharedherideasaboutphysicaleducation.“Ireallywelcometheidea.Ahealthierbodycangivestudentsa____28____chancetostudywell,”Jiaosaid.Accordingto____29____document,inordertoimprovephysicaleducation,schools____30____providemorePEteachers,andbuildmoresportsteamsandclubsforstudents.21.A.on B.in C.for D.to22.A.a(chǎn)nother B.theother C.other D.others23.A.isincluded B.wasincluded C.a(chǎn)reincluded D.wereincluded24.A.weight B.weigh C.weights D.weighs25.A.raise B.raising C.raised D.toraise26.A.However B.Therefore C.Although D.Besides27.A.that B.who C.whom D.which28.A.good B.well C.better D.best29.A.a(chǎn) B.a(chǎn)n C.the D.\30.A.should B.might C.can D.need【短文大意】2020年10月15日,中央政府出臺(tái)了一份改善我國體育教育的文件。本文主要討論了體育教育在學(xué)生教育中的重要性。【答案解析】21.句意:由于應(yīng)試教育體制,大多數(shù)學(xué)生花更多的時(shí)間在數(shù)學(xué)、英語和其他主要科目上。on在……上;in在……方面;for為了;to到。spendsometimeonsth.花費(fèi)時(shí)間做某事,固定搭配。故選A。22.句意:由于應(yīng)試教育體制,大多數(shù)學(xué)生花更多的時(shí)間在數(shù)學(xué)、英語和其他主要科目上。another另一個(gè)(三者或三者以上中);theother(兩者中的)另一個(gè);other其他的,后跟名詞復(fù)數(shù);others其他人。根據(jù)“mainsubjects”可知,此處指其他主要科目,故選C。23.句意:事實(shí)上,大約10年前,體育是包括在中考中的,但是它在考試中所占的比例很低。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都表示“被包含”;isincluded一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài),主語是第三人稱單數(shù);wasincluded一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài),主語是I或第三人稱單數(shù);areincluded一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài),主語是you和復(fù)數(shù)名詞;wereincluded一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài),主語是復(fù)數(shù)名詞或you。根據(jù)“about10yearsago”可知,時(shí)態(tài)是一般過去時(shí),主語是PE,被動(dòng)詞用was。故選B。24.句意:去年,云南成為第一個(gè)將體育課與主科同等重視的省份。weight分量;weigh重量為;weights砝碼;weighs是weigh的三單形式。根據(jù)“givePEclassesthesame...asthemainsubjects.”可知,空處應(yīng)填名詞作賓語,指的是體育與主科占同等分量。故選A。25.句意:它決定將中考成績從50分提高到100分。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都表示“提高”;raise動(dòng)詞原形;raising動(dòng)名詞/現(xiàn)在分詞;raised過去式/過去分詞;toraise動(dòng)詞不定式。decidetodosth.決定做某事,動(dòng)詞短語。故選D。26.句意:此外,在不久的將來體育也將被納入高考。However然而;Therefore因此;Although盡管;Besides此外。根據(jù)“PEisalsoexpectedtobeincludedinNMET(高考)inthenearfuture.”結(jié)合上文可知,本句是對(duì)上文體育教育的改善的補(bǔ)充說明,故選D。27.句意:奧運(yùn)會(huì)游泳冠軍焦柳陽曾分享過她對(duì)體育的看法。that那;who誰;whom誰;which哪個(gè)。本句是定語從句,先行詞是JiaoLiuyang,指人,且在句中作主語,應(yīng)用who引導(dǎo)定語從句。故選B。28.句意:一個(gè)更健康的身體可以給學(xué)生更好的機(jī)會(huì)好好學(xué)習(xí)good好的;well健康的;better更好的;best最好的。根據(jù)“Ahealthierbody”可知,本句存在比較之意,應(yīng)用比較級(jí)。故選C。29.句意:根據(jù)該文件,為了改善體育教育,學(xué)校應(yīng)該提供更多的體育老師,并為學(xué)生建立更多的運(yùn)動(dòng)隊(duì)和俱樂部。a不定冠詞,表示泛指,用在輔音音素開頭的單詞前;an不定冠詞,表示泛指,用在元音音素開頭的單詞前;the定冠詞,表示特指;\不填。此處是特指上文提到的“政府制定的改善體育教育的文件”,用定冠詞the。故選C。30.句意:根據(jù)該文件,為了改善體育教育,學(xué)校應(yīng)該提供更多的體育老師,并為學(xué)生建立更多的運(yùn)動(dòng)隊(duì)和俱樂部。should應(yīng)該;might可能;can能夠;need需要。根據(jù)“inordertoimprovephysicaleducation,videmorePEteachers,andbuildmoresportsteamsandclubsforstudents.”結(jié)合語境可知,此處應(yīng)用should表示建議。故選A。三、閱讀單選SinceSeptember,manyschoolshaveincreasedthenumberofPEclassesfromthreetimesaweektofiveorevenmore.Thisisinresponseto(響應(yīng))China’snewstandard(標(biāo)準(zhǔn))onPEclasses.Thestandardasksschoolstomakesurethat10to11percentofallclasstimemustbePEclasses,thirdonlytoChineseandmath.Alongwitheasyexerciseslikerunningandlongjump,thestandardalsoasksschoolstogivestudentsotherpopularsportstodo.MaJiajun,17,fromJilin,setanewworldrecordfor“themostconsecutivejumpropetriples(連續(xù)三搖跳繩)”with701times.HisteacherChenPengsaidthattheschoolhasalwayskeptaneyeonPE.WithMaasarolemodelnow,studentsaremorehard-workingonnotonlyjumpropebutalsootherkindsofsports.“AtfirsttaichiwasonlyneededduringbreaktimetopromoteChinesetraditionalculture,butstudentsgraduallyfellinlovewithit,”saidGaoYuxiangfromamiddleschoolofShandong.Senior1studentsallneedtodoit,andthere’sataichicontesteveryyearforSenior2students.“Differentfromballgames,taichicalmsmedownandeasesmymind,gettingmereadyforthenextclass,”saidGao.“Ireallyenjoyhip-hopdance,”RenJianing,ahighschoolstudent,said,“Theclassdoesn’tneedanyexperience,soanyonecansignup.”Everyclasstheypracticeapartofthedanceandinthenextclassputthepartstogetherintoawholedance.“Ourshirtsareallwetafterclassevenonthecoldestdaysofwinter,”saidRen.31.Howmanykindsofexercisesaremostlytalkedaboutinthispassage?A.One. B.Two. C.Three. D.Four.32.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.Accordingtothenewstandard,PEisevenmoreimportantthanmathandChinese.B.WithMaasarolemodel,studentsareonlyhard-workingonjumprope.C.Studentswithnoexperiencecan’tsignupforthehip-hopdanceclass.D.Taichimaycalmstudentsdownandgetthemreadyforthenextclass.33.Whatcanweinfer(推斷)fromthepassage?A.RenJianingreallyenjoyship-hopdance.B.ThereisataichicontestforSenior1students.C.Studentsmaybehard-workinginhip-hopclasses.D.Schoolsshouldtrytoprovidefewerballgames.34.What’sthebeststructure(結(jié)構(gòu))ofthispassage?
(Paragraph(段落)1=①Paragraph2=②…)A. B.C. D.35.What’sthebesttitleforthepassage?A.PEGetsMoreandMoreImportantB.HowtobeHealthyinPEClassC.China’sNewStandardonClassesD.WhatwasthePEClassLike【短文大意】本文主要介紹了學(xué)校為了響應(yīng)國家關(guān)于體育課的新標(biāo)準(zhǔn),增加了每周體育課的節(jié)數(shù),并介紹了不同學(xué)校的學(xué)生都有不同程度的受益。【答案解析】31.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章主要介紹的運(yùn)動(dòng)有第三段的“themostconsecutivejumpropetriples”跳繩運(yùn)動(dòng),第四段的“taichi”太極運(yùn)動(dòng),以及第五段的“hip-hopdance”街舞,因此主要談?wù)摿巳N運(yùn)動(dòng)。故選C。32.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的“taichicalmsmedownandeasesmymind,gettingmereadyforthenextclass.”可知,太極能讓學(xué)生冷靜和放松思維,為下節(jié)課做準(zhǔn)備。D選項(xiàng)正確。故選D。33.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段末尾的“Ourshirtsareallwetafterclassevenonthecoldestdaysofwinter.”可知,盡管是冬日里最冷的日子,衣服在課后都是潮濕的,由此能推斷出學(xué)生在課堂上是努力跳舞,揮灑出汗水。C選項(xiàng)符合。故選C。34.段落結(jié)構(gòu)題。從第一段的“Thisisinresponseto(響應(yīng))China’snewstandard(標(biāo)準(zhǔn))onPEclasses.”可知,學(xué)校在響應(yīng)國家體育課新標(biāo)準(zhǔn),這是介紹了文章的背景;從第二段的“thestandardalsoasksschoolstogivestudentsotherpopularsportstodo.”可知,學(xué)校也要求學(xué)生做其他受歡迎的運(yùn)動(dòng),引出了下文三種受歡迎的運(yùn)動(dòng):跳繩,太極和跳舞。因此文章第一第二段可歸為一部分,引出了后文,后面三段同為并列結(jié)構(gòu),介紹了三種不同的運(yùn)動(dòng)。故選C。35.標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)文章的開頭“Thestandardasksschoolstomakesurethat10to11percentofallclasstimemustbePEclasses,thirdonlytoChineseandmath.”可知,體育課占據(jù)了課堂時(shí)間的10%到11%,僅次于語文和數(shù)學(xué),由此能看出體育科目正在變得越來越重要。故選A。GuangdongProvincehasdecidedthatprimaryschoolsmusthaveswimminglessonssince2020.Accordingtoitsplan,primaryschoolsmustmakesurethatstudentsinthefirstandsecondgradeshaveatleastfourP.E.lessonsaweek.Italsoadvisedthatstudentsinthefourthgradeshouldstarttohaveswimminglessons.Doweneedtomakeswimminglessonscompulsory(義務(wù)的)inschools?Somepeoplesharedtheiropinions.InPoland(波蘭),swimminglessonsarenotcompulsory,butmostoftheschoolshavethem.Ithinkthereshouldbeswimminglessonsforprimaryschoolstudents.Swimmingisalifesavingskill.—WhiteBear(Poland)Inmycountry,swimminglessonsarecompulsory.Ievengotmylifesavingcertificate(證書)inschool.Sowhynotlearnaskillasearlyaspossible?—MisterPanda(France)Iwasborninavillage.IlearnedtoswiminarivernearmyhomewhenIwas7or8.Iusedtoplayintheriverwithmyfriendseverysummer.However,Ijustlearneddogpaddle(狗爬式游泳)becausenobodytaughtme.WhenIwenttouniversity,IhadachancetoimprovemyswimmingskillsinP.E.lessons.Comparedwithmyclassmates,Ifeltluckybecausemostofthemcouldn’tswimatall.Ithinkit’sagoodideaforschoolstoteachstudentstoswim.Butinfact,noteveryschoolinChinahasconditionstodothat.—JetFeng(China)閱讀短文,根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容選擇最佳答案。36.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph1?A.Thewriteragreesthatswimminglessonsshouldbecompulsory.B.Inthefuture,everyprimaryschoolinChinawillhaveswimminglessons.C.StudentsinGradeOneinGuangdongshouldhaveatleast16P.E.lessonsamonth.D.StudentsinprimaryschoolsinGuangdongarehappytohaveswimminglessons.37.WhichofthefollowingdoWhiteBearandMisterPandaagree?A.Swimminglessonsshouldn’tbecompulsoryinschool.B.It’shelpfulforprimaryschoolstudentstolearntoswim.C.It’sdifficultforlittlekidstogetlifesavingcertificates.D.It’snoteasytohaveswimminglessonsinprimaryschools.38.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“chance”meanaccordingtothepassage?A.AninterestingPElesson. B.Asurprisingtalent.C.Abravehearttofacedifficulty. D.Apossibilityofsomethinghappening.39.WhydidJetFengfeelluckyatuniversity?A.Becausehecouldswimbutmostofhisclassmatescouldn’t.B.Becausehelearnedtoswimfromsomeonewhenhewasyoung.C.BecausehecouldhavemoreP.E.lessonsthanbefore.D.Becausehecouldbeateacherandteachhisclassmatestoswim.40.Inwhichpartofanewspapercanyouprobablyreadthispassage?A.Health. B.Education. C.Environment. D.Travel.【短文大意】本文是一篇議論文。文章就廣東省推出的“是否應(yīng)該把游泳課列為學(xué)校的必修課”這一問題陳述了一些不同國家的人的觀點(diǎn)?!敬鸢附馕觥?6.推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Accordingtoitsplan,primaryschoolsmustmakesurethatstudentsinthefirstandsecondgradeshaveatleastfourP.E.lessonsaweek.”可知,根據(jù)該計(jì)劃,小學(xué)必須確保一年級(jí)和二年級(jí)的學(xué)生每周至少上四節(jié)體育課,也就是一個(gè)月16節(jié)。故選C。37.推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Swimmingisalifesavingskill.”和“Inmycountry,swimminglessonsarecompulsory.Ievengotmylifesavingcertificate(證書)inschool.Sowhynotlearnaskillasearlyaspossible?”可知,WhiteBear和MisterPanda認(rèn)為游泳對(duì)小學(xué)生來說是有幫助的。故選B。38.詞句猜測題。短文大意“WhenIwenttouniversity,IhadachancetoimprovemyswimmingskillsinP.E.lessons.Comparedwithmyclassmates,Ifeltluckybecausemostofthemcouldn’tswimatall.”可知,和我的同學(xué)相比,我感到很幸運(yùn),因?yàn)樗麄冎械拇蠖鄶?shù)人根本不會(huì)游泳,所以此處指我有機(jī)會(huì)學(xué)習(xí)游泳。故選D。39.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“WhenIwenttouniversity,IhadachancetoimprovemyswimmingskillsinP.E.lessons.Comparedwithmyclassmates,Ifeltluckybecausemostofthemcouldn’tswimatall.”可知,當(dāng)我上大學(xué)的時(shí)候,我有機(jī)會(huì)在體育課上提高我的游泳技能,和我的同學(xué)相比,我感到很幸運(yùn),因?yàn)樗麄冎械拇蠖鄶?shù)人根本不會(huì)游泳。故選A。40.推理判斷題。文章就廣東省推出的“是否應(yīng)該把游泳課列為學(xué)校的必修課”這一問題陳述了一些不同國家的人的觀點(diǎn)。所以推測可能在教育版塊看到這篇文章,故選B。Highschoolentranceexamsmainlyfocusonacademicsubjects,suchasmathandChinese.Butby2022,theseexamswillalsoincludesubjectslikemusicandart.Atapressconference(發(fā)布會(huì))heldbytheMinistryofEducation(MOE)onOct16,aseniorofficialsaidthatallhighschoolentranceexamsshouldincludefineartstestingby2022.Headdedthat12citiesinsixprovinceshavestartedthepractice,includingNanjingandQingdao,withscoresvaryingfrom10to40points,Xinhuareported.Thisisbeingdonetoencourageprimaryandsecondaryschoolstoprovidemorefineartsclasses.Theyshouldcoversubjectssuchasmusic,painting,dance,dramaandoperaandsoon,ThePapernoted.Learningaboutthefineartscanhelpstudentslearntoenjoythebeautyofart,whichisgoodfortheirmentalhealth,accordingtotheMOE.However,noteveryoneagrees.Someparentssaythatstudentsalreadyhaveheavyacademicstress,andthataddingnewtestingmaterialwouldmakethingsworse.Itwasalsopointedoutthatnoteverystudentwillbetalentedenoughtobegoodatthesesubjects.Inresponsetothis,officialsofJiangsuprovincesaidthatthetestswillbebasicknowledgethatcomesfromthestudents'textbooks.Theadditional(額外的)workwillnotbedifficultandshouldn'tputtoomuchpressureonstudents,ChinaBusinessHeraldnoted.______TheMOEhasalsoaskedprovincialeducationauthoritiestoincreasethescoresontheirexams'physicalexercisetest.Thescoresshouldbethesameastheexams'Chinese,mathandEnglishsections(部分).TheMOEencouragedprimaryandsecondaryschoolstoprovidestudentswithatleastonePEclassaday.Primaryandjuniorhighschoolsshouldteachstudentstomastertwobasicsportsskills,suchasrunningandjumping.41.Whatcanweknowfromthematerial?A.Allhighschoolentranceexamshaveincludedfineartstestingnow.B.Juniorhighschoolswillprovidemorefineartsclassesfromnowon.C.Scoresofphysicalexercisetestsinthefuturewillprobablybe30points.D.SchoolsinNanjinghavemusicandartexamsnowwiththescoresof40points.42.Someparentsdisagreewiththeexamchangesbecause______.①studentsareundertoomuchpressure②somekidearenottalentedinmusicandart③learningaboutthefineartsisnotgoodfortheirkids'mentalhealth④itistootiringtotakeatleastonePEclasseverydayA.①② B.①③ C.②③ D.②④43.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebestsubtitle(小標(biāo)題)forthe______?A.HighSchoolEntranceExamsChanges B.PhysicalExerciseTestsChangesC.TestingOurArtSkills D.MorePEClasseswillBeProvided44.What'sthemainpurposeofthispassage?A.Tointroducesomegreatexamchangesby2022.B.Toencouragestudentstolearntopaint,singanddanceafterclass.C.Togivepressuretostudents.D.ToaskPEteachers,musicteachersandartteachershavemoreclasses.【短文大意】文章主要介紹了教育局提出的重大考試改革,包括開設(shè)藝術(shù)課和提高體育考試分?jǐn)?shù)?!敬鸢附馕觥?1.推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Butby2022,theseexamswillalsoincludesubjectslikemusicandart.”以及“allhighschoolentranceexamsshouldincludefineartstestingby2022.Headdedthat12citiesinsixprovinceshavestartedthepractice”可推斷,到2022年所有的高中都會(huì)開設(shè)高等藝術(shù)課,并且現(xiàn)在一些地區(qū)已經(jīng)開始了這項(xiàng)實(shí)踐。所以B選項(xiàng)描述正確,故選B。42.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Someparentssaythatstudentsalreadyhaveheavyacademicstress,andthataddingnewtestingmaterialwouldmakethingsworse.Itwasalsopointedoutthatnoteverystudentwillbetalentedenoughtobegoodatthesesubjects.”可知,一些家長不贊成的原因是因?yàn)閷W(xué)生的學(xué)業(yè)壓力已經(jīng)很大了,開始藝術(shù)課會(huì)增加負(fù)擔(dān),并且不是每個(gè)人都有藝術(shù)細(xì)胞,故選A。43.最佳標(biāo)題題。根據(jù)“TheMOEhasalsoaskedprovincialeducationauthoritiestoincreasethescoresontheirexams'physicalexercisetest.”可知,這一段講的是教育局對(duì)體育考試的整改,會(huì)增加體育考試的分?jǐn)?shù),所以選項(xiàng)B“PhysicalExerciseTestsChanges”更為合適,故選B。44.主旨大意題。根據(jù)“Butby2022,theseexamswillalsoincludesubjectslikemusicandart.”以及“TheMOEhasalsoaskedprovincialeducationauthoritiestoincreasethescoresontheirexams'physicalexercisetest.”以及整個(gè)文章的理解可知,這篇文章主要介紹了一些教育局提出的重大考試改革,包括開設(shè)藝術(shù)課和提高體育考試分?jǐn)?shù)。所以選項(xiàng)A是正確的,故選A。Usually,mostjunior3studentswouldberunning,doingsit-upsorpush-upsontheplaygroundattheendofApril.Theywouldbepreparingfortheirupcomingphysicaleducation(PE)test.Thetestisimportantbecauseit'sworth30to40pointsontheseniorhighschoolentranceexam(中考).Butduetothenovelcoronavirusoutbreak,manyplaceslikeShanghai,ShandongandZhejianghavecanceledthetestthisyear.Manystudentsandparentshavebeendiscussingthischange."IfeelsorelievedthatIdon'tneedtorunan800-meterraceorskipropeinhotweather,"saidZhaoJiawen,15,astudentfromShanghai.Sinceshehasbeenstuckathome,Zhao'smomhasbeenmakingdelicioussnacks.Andshe'salwayssittinginfrontofthecomputertakingheronlineclassesandwatchingTVonthesofa."Honestly,Ihaven'trunevenonceandhavegained(增加)someweight.Itwoulddrivemecrazytoreviewmylessonsandspendtimeexercisingatthesametime,"Zhaoadded.ButforDengZirui,astudentfromQingdao,Shandong,hiseffortsmightbewasted.Hehasbeenrunninginthemorninganddoing50push-upsathishomeeveryday.Hehasalsobeenclimbingstairstobuildhislegstrength."It'snotfairforstudentswhohavepreparedcarefullyforthePEtestwhenit'scanceled.Mysonreallyworkedhardandwantedtogainsomeadvantagesinthecomingtest,"Deng'sfathersaid.ManystudentsarestillwaitingfortheMinistyofEducation'sspecific(具體的)instructionsregardingthePEtest."Thisyear,wecanmakesomechangestomeetdifferentneeds,suchascancelinglong-distancerunningtokeepstudentssafe,"saidWangZhihe,aprofessorattheZhejiangUniversityofScienceandTechnology."ButforChineseteenagers,thetestisareallygoodwaytoboost(增強(qiáng))theirimmunity(免疫力),buildtheirconfidenceandkeephealthyhabits."45.Theunderlinedwordcancelmeans________.A.減半 B.加時(shí) C.取消 D.延期46.Whathasn'tZhaoJiawendoneaccordingtothepassage?A.Shehasgainedsomeweight.B.ShehaswatchedTVonthesofa.C.Shehasbeenclimbingstairstobuildherlegstrength.D.Shehastakenheronlineclassesinfrontofthecomputer.47.WhydoesDengZirui'sfatherthinkit'snotfairtocancelthePEtest?A.BecausehissonisreallygoodatPE.B.Becausehissonhasbeenrunninganddoing50push-ups.C.Becausehethinksthetestcanbuildstudents'confidence.D.Becausehissonworkedsohardtogaingoodpointsinthetest.48.What'sthemainideaofthelastpassage?A.It'snotfairforstudentstocancelthePEtest.B.DifferentideasoncancelingthePEtest.C.Studentscangainsomeadvantagesinthecomingtest.D.PEtestcanbuildstudents'confidenceandkeepwell.【短文大意】由于新的冠狀病毒爆發(fā),多地已經(jīng)取消了今年中考的體育測試。學(xué)生和家長就此發(fā)表自己的看法。來自上海趙佳雯疫情期間宅在家,上網(wǎng)絡(luò)課、看電視、體重增加,取消測試讓她感到
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