2021承德市高考英語(yǔ)信息匹配類、閱讀類五月選練及答案5

閱讀理解。閱讀下列短文,從給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Sheiswidelyseenasproofthatgoodlookscanlastforever.But，atnearly500yearsofage，timeiscatchingupwiththeMonaLisa.Thehealthofthefamouspicture，paintedbyLeonardodaVinciin1505，isgettingworsebytheyear，accordingtotheLouvreMuseumwhereitishoused.“Thethin，woodenpanelonwhichtheMonaLisaispaintedinoilhaschangedshapesinceexpertscheckedittwoyearsago.”themuseumsaid.Visitorshavenoticedchanges，butrepairingtheworld'smostfamouspaintingisnoteasy.ExpertsarenotsureaboutthematerialstheItalianartistusedandtheircurrent(現(xiàn)在的)chemicalstate.Nearly6millionpeoplegotoseetheMonaLisaeveryyear，manyattractedbythemysteryofhersmile.“It'sveryinterestingthatwhenyou'renotlookingather，sheseemstobesmiling，andthen，youlookatherandsheslops.”saidProfessorMargaretLivingstoneofHarvardUniversity.“It'sbecausedirectvision(視覺)isexcellentatpickingupdetail，butlesssuitedtolookingatshadows.DaVincipaintedthesmileinshadows.”However，theactualhistoryoftheMonaLisaisjustasmysteriousasthesmile.DaVincihimselfloveditsomuchthathealwayscarrieditwithhim，untilitwaseventuallysoldtoFrance'sKingFrancisIin1519.In1911，thepaintingwasstolenfromtheLouvreMuseumbyaformeremployee，whotookitoutofthemuseumhiddenunderhiscoat.HesaidheplannedtoreturnittoItaly.ThepaintingwassentbacktoFrancetwoyearslater.DuringWorldWarII，F(xiàn)renchmenhidthepaintinginsmalltownstokeepitoutofthehandsofGermanforces.Likemanyoldladies，theMonaLisahassomeinterestingstoriestotell.1．TheunderlinedsentenceinthefirstparagraphmeanstheMonaLisa________.A．islosingitsvalueB．isbeingdamagedaftersomanyyearsC．isgettingmorevaluablewithyearspassingD．willrotaway答案：B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。首先，由轉(zhuǎn)折詞But推斷，本句的意思應(yīng)和文章前面所說(shuō)“美貌是永恒的”在意義上相反。后面又介紹說(shuō)“蒙娜·麗莎”的健康狀況隨著歲月的消逝而惡化，畫的木板變形，因此斷定此處的意思是指隨著歲月的消逝，名畫《蒙娜·麗莎》受到了損壞。2．ThesmileoftheMonaLisacanonlybeseen________.A．byindirectvision B．a(chǎn)tadistanceC．bydirectvision D．inshadows答案：A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章第四段提到，人們“正視”時(shí)，往往看不到“蒙娜·麗莎”的微笑，緣由是當(dāng)時(shí)達(dá)·芬奇是在暗處畫得畫，因此只有人們“不正視”時(shí)，才能看到她的微笑。3．Fromthelastparagraph，wecaninferthat________.A．manyinterestingstorieshavebeenwrittenabouttheMonaLisaB．peopleareinterestedinthestoriesabouttheMonaLisaC．somemysteriesstillremaintobesolvedabouttheMonaLisaD．manymorestorieswillbetoldabouttheMonaLisa答案：C推理推斷題。文章前面提到“蒙娜·麗莎”的歷史像她的微笑一樣是個(gè)謎，因此最終一段的意思是她還有一些隱秘未被人知。4．Expertshaven'thadanyrepairsontheMonaLisabecause________.A．itisnowinapoorchemicalstateB．theydon'tknowhowtoreplacethewoodenpanelC．theydon'thavethematerialsDaVinciusedD．theyareafraiditwillbedonefurtherdamage答案：D推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段最終一句可知，專家對(duì)于達(dá)·芬奇所用的材料及材料現(xiàn)在的化學(xué)狀態(tài)沒有把握，也就是說(shuō)擔(dān)憂盲目修補(bǔ)會(huì)更加損壞此畫。A項(xiàng)講此畫狀況極差，觀點(diǎn)過(guò)激與本文不符；B項(xiàng)本文未提及；C項(xiàng)與第三段最終一句不符。閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A.B.C和D項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AMynewly-rentedsmallapartmentwasfarawayfromthecentreofLondonanditwasbecomingessentialformetofindajob,sofinallyIspentawholemorninggettingtotownandputtingmynamedowntobeconsideredbyLondonTransportforajobontheunderground.Theywerelookingforguards,notdrivers.Thissuitedme.Icouldn’tdriveacarbutthoughtthatIcouldprobablyguardatrain,andperhapscontinuetowritemypoemsbetweenstations.ThewritersKeatsandChekhovhadbeendoctors.T.S.EliothadworkedinabankandWallaceStevensforaninsurancecompany.I’dbeasubwayguard.Icouldseemyselfbeingcheerful,useful,agoodmaninacrisis（困難危急時(shí)期）.ObviouslyI’dbeoverqualifiedbutIwaswillingtoforgetaboutthatinreturnforasteadyincomeandtravelprivileges—thosebeingparticularlywelcometosomeonelivingalongwayfromthecitycentre.ThenextdayIsatdown,withalmostahundredothercandidates,fortheintelligencetest.Imusthavedoneallrightbecauseafterabouthalfanhour’swaitIwassentintoanotherroomforapsychologicaltest.Thistimetherewereonlyaboutfiftycandidates.Theinterviewersatatadesk.Candidatesweresignaledforwardtooccupytheseatoppositehimwhenthepreviousoccupanthadbeendismissed,afteragreaterorshortertime.Obviouslythelonginterviewswerethemoresuccessfulones.Someoftheinterviewswereasshortasfiveminutes.Minewastheonlyonethatlastedaminuteandahalf.Icanrememberthequestionsnow:“Whydidyouleaveyourlastjob?”“Whydidyouleaveyourjobbeforethat?”“Andtheonebeforethat?”Ican’trecallmyanswers,exceptthattheywereshortatfirstandgrewprogressivelyshorter.Hisclosingstatement,Ithought,revealedalackofsensitivitywhichhelpedtoexplainwhyasapsychologist,hehadrisennohigherthantheundergroundrailway.“You’vefailedthepsychologicaltestandweareunabletoofferyouaposition.”Failingtogetthatjobwasmylowpoint.OrsoIthought,believingthattheworkwaseasy.Actually,suchjobs—beingapostmanisanotheroneIstilldesire—demandexactlythesortofelementaryyetresponsibleawarenessthatthehabitualdreamerisleastqualifiedtogive.ButIwasstillfarshortoffullself-understanding.Iwasalsoshortofcash.1．Thewriterappliedforthejobchieflybecause_________.A．hewantedtoworkinthecentreofLondonB．hecouldnolongeraffordtolivewithoutoneC．hewasnotinterestedinanyotheravailablejobD．hehadreceivedsomesuitabletraining2．Thewriterthoughthewasoverqualifiedforthejobbecause_________.A．heoftentraveledunderground B．hehadwrittenmanypoemsC．hecoulddealwithdifficultsituations D．hehadworkedinacompany3．Thelengthofhisinterviewmeantthat_________.A．hewasnotgoingtobeofferedthejobB．hehadnotdonewellintheintelligencetestC．hedidnotliketheintervieweratallD．hehadlittleworkexperiencetotalkabout4．Whatdoesthewriterrealizenowthathedidnotrealizethen?A．Howunpleasantordinaryjobscanbe. B．Howdifficultitistobeapoet.C．Howunsuitablehewasforthejob. D．Howbadlyhedidintheinterview.5．What’sthewriter’sopinionofthepsychologist?A.Hewasveryaggressive（有進(jìn)取心的）. B.Hewasunhappywithhisjob.C.Hewasquiteinefficient. D.Hewasratherunsympathetic.【參考答案】1—5、BCACD閱讀理解。NapoleonBonapartediedonMay5,1821,ontheislandofSt.HelenaoffthecoastofAfrica.Hewas51yearsoldatthetime.WhendoctorsexaminedNapoleon'sbody,theysaidthattheformeremperorofFrancehaddiedfromcancerofthestomach.Thatwasthecauseofdeathrecordedintheofficialreport.However,otherdoctorsdisagreed.OnedoctorwhowaspresentduringtheexaminationofthebodysaidthatNapoleondiedofhepatitis（肝炎）.OtherhistoriansandmedicalexpertshavesuggestedthatNapoleondiedofsyphilis（梅毒）,tuberculosis（肺結(jié)核）,orperhapsmalaria.Now,aftercarefulresearch,aBritishchemistthinksthatNapoleonmighthavebeenpoisoned--notbyaperson,butbyhiswallpaper.NapoleonwassenttotheislandofSt.Helenain1815afterhelostthebattleofWaterloo.Hewasaprisonerontheisland.Althoughhehadservantstoattendtohim,hehadtoliveinonesmallbuilding.St.Helenaisaverywetisland,sothewallsofthebuildingwerealwayscoveredwithmold.Napoleonbecameillfromspendingtoomuchtimeinsidehishouse.Almostconstantlyhehadafever,chills,andfeltsicktohisstomach.Heoftenfeltpaininhisshouldersandinhisside.Hisskinturnedyellow.Hegotfrequentheadaches,andhewouldbecomedizzyandvomit.NoneofthemedicinethatthedoctorsgaveNapoleonseemedtohelp.Theywerenotsurewhatwasthematter.Finally,Napoleonwastooweaktoleavethehouse.Onenight,whilehewassleeping,hewentintoacoma（昏迷）anddied.ManydoctorswholaterreviewedthereportsofNapoleon'sillnessfoundthatthesymptomsdidnotshowamanwhosufferedfromstomachcancer.ItseemedobviousthatNapoleonhaddiedfromsomeothercause.In1961,aSwedishdoctorexaminedsomeofNapoleon’shairandfoundahighlevelofarsenic（砒霜）,achemicalpoison.WasNapoleonmurdered?Itisdoubtful.ArsenicwasusedinmanytypesofmedicineduringNapoleon’stime,sohemighthavetakenthearsenicasacureforhisillness.Then,in1982,Dr.DavidJonesfromEnglandbegantolookintothemysteryandsuggestedthatNapoleonmighthavebreathedinarsenicwhichwasintheairofhishouse.Inthe1700sand1800s,arsenicwasusedtomakeakindofgreenpaintusedonclothandwallpaper.Ifthepaintwasusedonawetwall,thearsenicwouldgointotheair.Apersonintheroommightbreathethatair.AfterstudyingthewallpaperintheroomwhereNapoleondied,Dr.Jonesfoundhighlevelsofarsenicinthegreenpaintonthewalls.6.Thepassagesaysthat.A.aBritishdoctorthinkshehasfoundthecauseofNapoleon'sdeathB.manydoctorshavetriedtoguessthecauseofNapoleon'sdeathC.NapoleoncouldhavediedfrompoisonD.alloftheabove7.WhydidNapoleonliveonSt.Helena?A.Heownedtheisland.B.Hewasaprisonerthere.C.Hisfamilylivedthere.D.Helikedtheisland.8.Napoleonsufferedfromthefollowingsymptomsexcept__________.A.chillsB.feverCdizzinessD.bleeding9.TheofficialreportsaidthatNapoleondiedof____________.A.cancerB.acomaC.moldD.poison10.AccordingtoDr.Jones,howdidthearsenicprobablygetintoNapoleon'sbody?A.Heateit.B.Hebreatheditin.C.Hetouchedit.D.Hedrankit.【參考答案】6—10、DBDAB【2021高考復(fù)習(xí)】任務(wù)型讀寫AstudypublishedMondayfoundthatpeoplewhosleeplesstendtobefat，andexpertssaidit’stimetofindoutifmoresleepwillfightfatness.“We’veputsomuchemphasisondietandexercisethatwe’vefailedtorecognizethevalueofgoodsleep，”saidFredTurek，aphysicianatNorthwesternUniversity.Monday’sstudyfromEasternVirgniaMedicalSchoolinNorfolkcovered1,000peopleandfoundthattotalsleeptimedecreasedasbodymassindex－ameasureofweightbasedonheightincreased.“Mensleptanaverageof27minuteslessthanwomenandoverweightandfatpatientssleptlessthanpatientswithnormalweights，”itsaid.Ingeneralthefattersubjectssleptabout1.8hoursaweeklessthanthosewithnormalweights.“Americansexperienceinsufficientsleepandfatbodies.Cliniciansareawareoftheburdenoffatnessonpatients，”thestudysaid.“Ourfindingssuggestthatmajorextensionsofsleeptimemaynotbenecessary，asanextra20minutesofsleeppernightseemstobeassociatedwithalowerbodymassindex，”itadded.“Wecautionthatthisstudydoesnotsetupacause-and-effectrelationshipbetweenrestrictedsleepandfatness，butinvestigationsindicatingsuccessinweightlossviaextensionsofsleepwouldhelpgreatlytosetupsucharelationship.”ThestudywaspublishedintheArchivesofInternalMedicinealongwithaneditorialbyTurekandNorthwesterncolleagueJosephBasscommentingonitandrelatedresearch.Inaninterview，Tureksaidsomestudieshaveshownthelackofsleepcausesdeclinesinanappetiteholdingbackproteinhormone，andincreasesinanotherhormonethatcausealongingforfood.“Inadditionneuropathies(神經(jīng)療法)inthebraingoverningsleepandfatnessappeartooverlap(部分重疊)，”hesaid.“Fatnesshasbeenrisingdramaticallyindevelopedcountriesandreachedepidemic(流行病)levelsintheUnitedStates，”itadded，“l(fā)eadingtoavarietyofhealthproblems.”Anewstudyhavingbeen20.________21._______inthepastdietand22.________thistimesleepAstudyfromEasternPeople1,000were23.________differenceMenslept27mslessthanwomenon24.________Americans'problem25.________sleepandfatbodiesconclusionWeightlosssetup26.________betweensleep&fatness.ReasonLesssleepcausesproteinhormoneto27.________concerndevelopingcountriesrisingwith28.________speedintheUSAquite29.______20．published[在第一段提到這個(gè)爭(zhēng)辯已經(jīng)成為公眾所知。]21．Emphasis[在其次段第一句說(shuō)到人們以前把爭(zhēng)辯肥胖緣由的重點(diǎn)放在飲食和熬煉上。]22．exercise[以前爭(zhēng)辯的重點(diǎn)是飲食和熬煉，現(xiàn)在是爭(zhēng)辯睡眠。]23．covered[這里的covered與第三段第一句話里的一樣，意為“采訪”。]24．a(chǎn)verage[anaverageof“以……的平均數(shù)”，onaverage“平均為”。]25．insufficient[本文爭(zhēng)辯的就是睡眠不足與肥胖之間的關(guān)系。]26．relationship/connection[依據(jù)文中的“investigationsindicatingsuccessinweightlossviaextensionsofsleepwouldhelpgreatlytosetupsucharelationship”可知，減肥在確定程度上印證了這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)。]27．reduce/decline[睡眠不足使得某種荷爾蒙削減。]28．high[依據(jù)最終一段可知在進(jìn)展中國(guó)家，這個(gè)問(wèn)題很突出，可以猜想出dramatically這個(gè)副詞是個(gè)程度副詞，意為“極度地，明顯地”。]29．common[在美國(guó)這個(gè)問(wèn)題幾乎到了流行病的程度，說(shuō)明這已是普遍現(xiàn)象。]【上海市黃浦區(qū)2022模擬】任務(wù)型閱讀Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.applicationsB.devotedC.easy-goingD.efficientlyE.increasinglyF.interactG.freshH.publicizeI.respectJ.traditionalK.wildfireWhenUS’Duke

Companiesare__42__usingcollegecampusbrandrepresentativestospreadthewordabouttheirproducts.Theserepresentativesoftenrelyonword-of-mouthtoolslikesocialmediato__