題型09 短文填空（首字母提示+漢語提示+語境提示+綜合填空）（講義）

?第09講短文填空（首字母提示+漢語提示+語境提示+綜合填空）【復(fù)習(xí)目標(biāo)】1.熟練掌握固定搭配、語法等知識2.掌握簡單有效的解題策略和正確的解題步驟【考情分析】短文填空命題規(guī)律短文填空是把語法知識測試全部放在語篇中進行，旨在考查考生在語篇中綜合運用語言知識的能力。它不但要求考生有扎實的詞匯、語法等基礎(chǔ)知識和對句型結(jié)構(gòu)的靈活運用能力，而且還要求考生有良好的語感和一定的閱讀理解能力。包括短文首字母提示詞填空、漢語提示填空、綜合填空、語境提示填空等。語境提示填空（盲填）是中考短文填空中難度最大的，這種題目因題型的開放性和綜合性而備受關(guān)注。試題特點是一篇短文挖空8—10個單詞，且沒有任何提示，讓考生根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容自由填詞，難度較大，主觀性較強，有時可能出現(xiàn)多種答案?！久麕熃怆y】解題步驟：（1）快速瀏覽，了解大意。對于簡單把握的空，可以先填出來；（2）上下求索，填出答案。根據(jù)上下文及空格前后的邏輯關(guān)系，填出正確的詞以及正確的形式；（3）通讀全文，檢查確認(rèn)。特別要注意，根據(jù)文章意思，有些空是否要加入否定前綴。無提示詞的空格一般需要填入冠詞、代詞、介詞、連詞（并列連詞和從屬連詞）等虛詞?！窘忸}三部曲】【讀】跳過空格，通讀短文，了解大意。要重視首句，善于以首句的時態(tài)、語氣為立足點，理清文脈，推測全文時態(tài)、主題及大意?！径ㄅc斷】復(fù)讀短文，確定語義，判斷詞形。A.)利用上下文的語境，結(jié)合所學(xué)過的知識，先確定空格處所需詞語的意義.B.)再根據(jù)空格在句子中的位置，判斷其在句中充當(dāng)?shù)某煞?，從而確定所填詞的詞性，再依據(jù)詞語搭配和語法規(guī)則，判斷所填的詞的正確形式?！掘灐孔x短文，上下參照，驗證答案。在短文的空白處分別填上一個詞后，將完成的短文再細(xì)讀一遍，上下參照，連貫思考。可從上下文內(nèi)容是否協(xié)調(diào)一致、順理成章，語法結(jié)構(gòu)是否正確無誤等方面進行綜合驗證，凡有疑問必須重新推敲考慮?！惧\囊妙計】第一招:金睛火眼(認(rèn)真、細(xì)致地觀察圖畫,就可以直接在圖畫中找到答案或信息。第二招：有樣學(xué)樣（善于從下文或前文找一模一樣的信息。）第三招：放飛想象（答案可以在圖畫或文章中推測出來。）第四招：姿勢與實際并重(注意填寫動詞的時態(tài)、語態(tài)和名詞的單復(fù)數(shù))短文填空解題技巧夯基·必備基礎(chǔ)知識梳理首字母填空首字母填空是根據(jù)句意和已給出的首字母，在句子的空白處填上適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，使句子意思完整，語法正確的一種題型。該題型既考查學(xué)生的單詞記憶和拼寫能力，又考查學(xué)生對句子的理解和運用能力。滿分技巧 1.跳過空格，不看選項，快速地閱讀全文，從整體上感知全文，掌握大意，了解全篇的內(nèi)容和要旨?？焖匍喿x時寧粗勿細(xì)，切忌只盯住一個句子倉促解題，這樣勢必因胸?zé)o全局而誤入歧途?？焖匍喿x時，還要注意找出關(guān)鍵詞，這些詞在文中起支撐骨架的功能，抓住了關(guān)鍵詞就抓住了故事的線索。特別是要重視首句，善于以首句的時態(tài)、語氣為立足點，理清文脈，推測全文時態(tài)、主題及大意。2.復(fù)讀短文，確定語義，判斷詞形。把握短文大意后再認(rèn)真復(fù)讀短文，利用上下文的語境，結(jié)合所學(xué)過的知識，先確定空格處所需詞語的意義，再根據(jù)空格在句子中的位置，判斷其在句中充當(dāng)?shù)某煞?，從而確定所填詞的詞性，再依據(jù)詞語搭配和語法規(guī)則，判斷所填詞的正確形式。如短文難度較大，尤其是難于選詞時，從本句的前后觀察中一時尚不得要領(lǐng)，就要進一步擴大到上下文中分析。3.三讀短文，上下參照，驗證答案。在短文的空白處分別填上一個詞后，將完成的短文再細(xì)讀一遍，上下參照，連貫思考?？蓮纳舷挛膬?nèi)容是否協(xié)調(diào)一致、順理成章，語法結(jié)構(gòu)是否正確無誤等進行綜合驗證，凡有疑問必須重新推敲考慮。漢語提示詞填空此類短文填空題一般會給出漢語意思。做此類短文填空題時，要準(zhǔn)確理解語意，根據(jù)文中同樣結(jié)構(gòu)或類似結(jié)構(gòu)確定應(yīng)填詞的詞性和詞形。不可簡單地都填原形詞。若空格內(nèi)填的是名詞，要考慮其單復(fù)數(shù)形式；若填的是形容詞或副詞，則要考慮其是否屬于比較等級；如若填的是動詞，則要特別注意考慮其時態(tài)和語態(tài)。如在句首，還要考慮其首字母的大寫。綜合短文填空綜合短文填空是指文章中有多種提示類型，如英語單詞、漢語意思、音標(biāo)或者不給提示詞等。這種題型主要考查考生的整體閱讀能力、語言知識的運用能力、邏輯思維能力和書面表達能力，特別是單詞和短語的拼寫能力。語境提示填空無提示詞的空格一般需要填入冠詞、代詞、介詞、連詞（并列連詞和從屬連詞）等虛詞。（1）名詞前面一般用冠詞、代詞或介詞等。（2）如果需要填入代詞，就要考慮到是人稱代詞的主格、賓格或物主代詞的變化、指示代詞的用法；（3）并列的兩個或多個單詞，短語，或句子之間設(shè)空，一般填入并列連詞and,but,or等；（4）兩句之間，如果不是并列句，則很可能是主從句，因此需要填入從屬連詞（what,which,who,how,when等）?；蛘呤琴e語從句，定語從句或者是狀語從句的連接詞。這種空格需要同學(xué)們根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)，分析到底是什么從句，從而選擇合適的從屬連詞。提升·必考題型歸納一、短文首字母提示填空（一）（2023·浙江·模擬預(yù)測）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，在每一空格內(nèi)填寫一詞（首字母已給出），使短文完整連貫。Lifeisnoteasytomostpeople,sowhenanythinghappens,besuretobelieveinyourself.WhenIwasyoung,Iwasson1thatitwashardformetotalktoanyone.Myclassmatesoftenl2atme.ThenIfeltveryfrustrated.Iwasreallysadbutcoulddon3.Later,somethinghappened,whichchangedmylife.ItwasanEnglishspeechcontest.Mymothera4metotakepartinit.Whataterribleidea!Itm5Ihadtospeakinfrontofalltheteachersandstudentsofmyschool!“Comeon,boy.Believeinyourself.Youaresuretowin.”mothersaidtome.Then,motherandItalkedaboutmanyd6topics.AtlastIchosethetopic“Believeinyourself”.Itriedmybesttorememberallthespeechandp7itoverahundredtimes.W8mymother’sgreathelp,Ididwellinthecontest.Icouldh9believemyearswhenthenewscamethatIhadwonthefirstprize.Sincethen,thingshavechangedforme.NomatterwhatIdo,Itrytotellmyselftobec10andIwillfindmyself.Thisistruenotonlyformebutalsoforeverybody,Ithink.（二）（2023·湖北武漢·統(tǒng)考模擬預(yù)測）閱讀短文，在其后空白處寫出各單詞的正確形式，單詞的第一個字母已給出。Onthefirstdayofmysecondgrade,myfatheraskedmeifIcouldreadwell.“Yes,Ican.”Isaid.Sohegavemeahand-paintedmapwithstreetnamesandd11onhowtowalktoschool.Hehandedmethemapwithmylunchboxandjacket,andsimplysaidtome,“Everythingyouneedtoknowisw12onthemap,soyoushouldjustreaditcarefully.”Iwasstandingind13,scaredtodeath,buthejustkissedmegoodbye,s14meoutofthedoor.Ididn’tknowhowlongittookmetogetthere,orhowmanyfearfulanda15momentsIhad,butIdidrememberforeverhowIf16whenIcamearoundthelastcorner,andsawmyschool.Ilaughedandwasp17withmyselfthatIhadmadeit!IwishedIcouldtellhimrightthenthatIhadmadeit.WhenIgothome,Ididn’tseemyfather.Icouldn’twaitforhimtocomebackandtellhimwhathadhappened.Butwhenhecameback,her18silent.Yearslater,Ifinallygotthecouragetoaskhimwhyhedidn’tcareaboutwhathadhappenedsinceIwassoyoungthen.Hesaid,“Ididn’thavetoaskyou.Iknew.Ifollowedyouthewholewayinthecar,butf19enoughbacksothatyoucouldnotseeme.Isawyoujumpupanddownwithe20.Ifeltwhatyoufelt.”Atthemoment,Iunderstoodeverything.ThenIcouldn’thelpcrying.（三）（2023·江蘇鎮(zhèn)江·統(tǒng)考一模）短文填空TheEnglishculturalandtourismmagazine“JiangsuGlimpses”haspublishedanewone.Itrecommendsbeautifulmuseums,d21food,funroutesandspringfolkcustomsinJiangsu.Whatwintertakesfromhere,springwillgiveitb22.Afterawinterofresting,theflowersinJiangsuarebudding（含苞待放）andtheduckscanalsof23thewarmthofthespringriver.IthasbecomeahabitforChineset24tocometoJiangsutoseeflowersinspring.ThecityflowerofNanjing,plumblossom,nowisallaroundontheMeihuaMountain.“FureFlowerSea”inZhenjiangi25manyflowerfieldswhicharelikeacolorfulblanket.SpringcomesandshinesonthebranchesoftheseflowersinthesouthoftheYangtzeRiver.Teaisanotherg26thatcomeswiththespringofJiangnan.Manyteaswithpoeticandbeautifuln27areallfromJiangsu,suchasSuzhou’sBiluochuntea,Nanjing’sYuhuateaandZhenjiang’sJinshancuiyatea.Duringthisperiod,theteafieldprovidesniceteasandp28placesforpeopletohavefun.Theteahasspecialtasteb29differentteatreesareplantedindifferentplantingsites.Nowadays,peoplecanlookfortastyteaandenjoythebests30inJiangsu,includingtransportation,accommodation（住宿）,sightseeing,andfood.Inadditiontotheteafields,touristscanalsowalkintotheteahousesandmuseumsorpicturesquevillagesaroundthem.二、短文漢語提示填空（一）（2022·浙江杭州·浙江師范大學(xué)附屬杭州筧橋?qū)嶒炛袑W(xué)模擬預(yù)測）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容和所給中文提示，在空白處寫出單詞的正確形式，每空限填一詞。Withthehelpofavirtualrealityheadsetandathree-minutevideo,peoplecanstepintotheworldof76-year-oldHarry,who31(生活)withmidstageAlzheimer’sdisease(阿爾茨海默病).Theycanseehowdifficulteverydaylifecanbe—evendoingsomethingassimpleas32(刷)theteeth.Harrymistakestoothpasteformedicine,forgetstolockthedoorandiscontinually33(感到困惑的)aboutwhattimeitis.Theheadsetwillallow34(使用者)toexperiencethespecialdisconnectandsensoryimpairments(感覺障礙)thatapersonlivingwithAlzheimer’sdiseaseexperiences,saidChristyLittlefield,aneducationprogramspecialistandsocialworker.Littlefieldhopesthevirtualrealityexperiencewillhelpcaregivers,familyandfriendsbetterunderstandwhatAlzheimer’spatientsgo35(經(jīng)歷).“Whenwelaunchedit,wereceiveddifferent36(反應(yīng)),”Littefieldsaid.“Somepeoplearesadbecauseitletthemremember37(所愛的)ones,butitgavethemagood38(理解)ofwhatit’sliketolivewiththisdisease.”“Wehopepeoplewillthinkoftheir39(自己的)experienceandbemorepatientwhentheydealwithAlzheimer’spatients,”she40(補充道).（二）（2023·浙江金華·統(tǒng)考三模）閱讀下面短文，然后根據(jù)括號內(nèi)所給漢語意思寫出單詞的正確形式。每空限填一詞。InancientChinalivedanartistwhosepaintingswere41(幾乎)lifelike.Theartist’sinfluencehadmadehimproud.Onedaytheemperorwantedtogethisimagedone,asa42(結(jié)果)hecalledallgreatartiststocomeandpresenttheirfinestworks,sothathecould43(選擇)thebest.Theartistwassurehewouldbechosen,butwhenheshowedhispaintingtotheemperor’schiefminister,theoldmanlaughed.The44(睿智的)oldmantoldhimtotraveltotheLiRiver,perhapshecouldlearnalittlefromthegreatestartistintheworld.45(充滿了)withcuriosity,theartistpackedhisbagsandleft.Whenheaskedthevillagersonthe46(岸邊)oftheriverwherehecouldfindthegreatartist,theysmiledand47(指著)downtheriver.Thenextmorninghehiredaboatandsetouttofindthe48(著名的)painter.Asthesmallboatmoved,gently49(沿著)theriverhewasleftspeechlessbythemountainsbeingsilentlyreflectedinthewater.Hepassedmilkywhitewaterfallsandmountainsinmanyshadesofblue.Andwhenhesawthemists(薄霧)risingfromtheriverandthesoft50(云)surroundingthemountaintops,hewasreducedtotears.Theartistwasfinallyhumbled(謙卑)bythegreatestartistonearth,MotherNature.（三）（2023·浙江湖州·校聯(lián)考三模）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容和所給的中文提示，在空白處寫出單詞的正確形式，每空限填一詞。Now,itmaybedifficulttopredictthefuture,butmanypeoplebelievethatwewillliveonMarsbytheyear2100.Ourownplanet,Earth,isbecomingmoreandmore51（擁擠的）andpolluted.Well,whatproblemsdoweneedto52（解決）beforewecangettoMars?Firstofall,transportshouldbemuchbetter.At53（目前；現(xiàn)在）,humansneedtospendseveralmonthsgoingtoMarsbyspaceship.However,by2100,spaceshipsmaytravelathalfthespeedoflight.Then,itwouldonlytakeustwoorthree54（天；日）togetthere!Without55（疑問；疑惑）,humansneedfood,waterandairtolive.ScientistsshoulddevelopplantsthatcanbegrownonMars.Theseplantswill56（生產(chǎn)；制造）thefood,waterandairthatweneed.However,thereisnoanswerforalltheseproblemsrightnow.ThereisalsoaproblemforustoliveintheenvironmentofMars.MarshaslessgravitythanEarth.Thisisdangerousbecausewecaneasilyjumptoo57（高）andflyslowlyawayintospacethere.Wewillhavetowearspecialshoestomake58（我們自己）heavier.Besides,I59（推斷；料想）foodwouldnotbethesame—mealsmightbeintheformofpillsandwillnotbeasdeliciousastheyaretoday.Also,spacetravelwillprobablymakemanypeoplefeelvery60（不舒服的）.Insomeways,lifeonMarswouldnotbebetterthanthatonEarthtoday.三、短文語境提示填空（一）（2023·山西大同·模擬預(yù)測）請閱讀下面短文,根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,在空白處填入恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~,使短文通順、連貫。每空一詞。TheGreatWallisn’tChina’sonlyman-madewonderthathasbeenwell-knownallovertheworld.AnotheristheGrandCanal（大運河）—thelongestman-madewaterwayintheworld.61alengthofabout2,700kilometers,thecanalrunsfromBeijingtoZhejiangProvince.62ismorethan2,500yearsold.DuringtheSpringandAutumnperiod,HanGou,wasbuiltintoday’sJiangsuProvince.ItthenbecametheGrandCanalduringtheSuiDynasty.TheGrandCanalhasanimportantrole63developingthecountry’seconomy（經(jīng)濟）andkeepingitstable（穩(wěn)定的）.PeopleinancientChinamovedthingsbyhorseor64foot.Itwasveryslow.Largethings,likebagsofgrain（谷物）andtea.65didpeoplesolvetheproblems?ItwastheGrandCanal66madethingsfasterandeasiertomoveacrossalongdistance.DuringtheSuiDynasty,forexample,finegrainsgrewinthesouth.Buttheywerekeptinthecapital,inthenorth.WiththeGrandCanal,people67abletoquicklysendgraintothecapital.Thecanalalsomadetheeconomygrowfast.Thanks68thecanal,silk,teaandcoalwereallsent69thenorthandsouth.Thecanal,infact,playedabigpartinbuildingtheForbiddenCity.Bricksweresent70ShandongandJiangsu,whilewoodwassentfromHunan.“TheGreatWallisthesymbolofthefirmbackboneofChina,whiletheGrandCanalisthebloodlinethatgoesthroughtheheartsofChinesepeople.”saidShanJixiang（二）（2023·廣東佛山·統(tǒng)考三模）Sallyisa13-year-oldmiddleschoolstudent.Sheenjoys71andshehasbeentomanyplaces.KunyuMountainisoneofthemostwonderfulplaces.KunyuMountainisaplaceof72nearSally’shometown.Shewenttoclimbitwithherdadfiveyearsago.Atfirst,shethoughtitwassuchahighmountainthatshecould73reachthetop.Whenshelookedup,shealwayssawthatthereweremanywhitecloudsaroundit.74itwasbeautiful,shewasnotinterestedinlookingatit.Shefeltvery75becauseofthe3-hourwalkandshehadapaininherlegs.However,shesaidto76thatshecouldn’tgiveupclimbingbecauseitwasherdreamtoclimbtothetop.Itwascoldandthewindwasverystrong.Finally,shereachedthetop77thehelpofherdad.Seeingthemountainsfromthetop,shefoundthe78oftherocksweredifferent.Somelookedlikehumans,andsomelookedlikewildanimals.Sallywas79excitedthatshecouldn’thelpshoutingwhengettingtothetop.Inourlives,thetopisourdream.Theclimbingisdifficultbutworthyourhardwork.Justpreparemoresothatyoucancompletely80tothetop.Whatevertheresultis,atleastwehavetriedourbest.Ibelievethatourdreamscancometrue.（三）（2023·河南濮陽·統(tǒng)考二模）閱讀短文，根據(jù)語篇要求填空，使短文通順、意思完整。請將答案寫在下面題號后的橫線上。每空限填一詞。Chinesetraditionalculturehasalonghistory.There81manyfolkartforms.Papercuttingisatypicalone.Papercuttinghasbeenaroundformorethan1,500years.Althoughnobodyknowswhoitwasinventedby,it’sstillpopularwithpeople.Inancienttimes,peopleusedpapercutting82decorate(裝飾)andhonortheirancestors(祭祀祖先).Now,itisasymbolofwishes83goodluckandahappynewyear.Papercuttingsoundsveryeasybut84isdifficulttomake.Thepaper,usuallyred,isfoldedbeforeitiscutwithscissors.85mostcommonpicturesforpapercuttingareflowers,animals,andthingsaboutChinesehistory.PapercuttinginShanxiisthemostfamousbecausethepicturesinpapercuttingareverybeautiful.Papercuttinghasbeeninherited(繼承)sinceancienttimes.It’sasymbolofChineseculture.Asteenagers,wealsoneedtopassiton.四、短文綜合填空（一）（2023·福建福州·福建省福州第十六中學(xué)校聯(lián)考模擬預(yù)測）閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)語境、音標(biāo)或所給單詞的提示，在每個空格內(nèi)填入一個恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~，要求所填的詞意義準(zhǔn)確、形式正確，使短文意思完整、行文連貫。Three-CharacterClassichadbeenoneofthemostpopulartextsforprimaryeducationinChinafor700yearsuntilthemiddleoflastcentury.Almostall86(child)atschoolusedtorecitethetextof1,248characters.Mosthistorianshaveattributed(歸功于)thistexttoWangYinglin,87famouswriteroftheSouthernSongDynasty.Itwass88thatWangwroteittospreadConfucian(儒家的)classicsandtheknowledgeofChinesehistoryamongkids.Ittellsthemthatbeforeone89(begin)tostudyhistory,heorshemustbecomeskilledinclassicworksatfirst.Sohewrotethetextboth90/???t/andsimple,verysuitableforreadingandreciting.A91ithasstoppedbeingusedasatextforprimaryschools,manypeopleinChinacanstillrecitesomeofit.Three-CharacterClassicisdivided92sixparts,eachtalkingaboutacertaintopic.ThetextbeginswiththemainideasofConfucianismandstressestraditionalvalues.Italsoteachesthatpeopleworkinghardwillberewarded,while93/e??z/whowastetimeonplaywillregretforitoneday.Becauseofitsbeautifulverses(詩節(jié))andsimplestyles,itwaslatertranslatedintodifferentlanguages,suchasEnglish,94/frent?/andItalian.Duringthe1860s,itwas95(wide)usedasatextinprivateschoolsinJapan.Now,ithasbeenlistedbytheUNESCOasoneofitsrecommendedreadingsforstudentsworldwide.（二）（2023·福建南平·武夷山一中?？寄M預(yù)測）閱讀下面的短文，根據(jù)語境、音標(biāo)或單詞的提示，在每個空格內(nèi)填入一個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，使短文意思完整，行文連貫。Inordertoreducethestressonthestudents,NanjingNo.1HighSchoolhas96（create）a“markbank”.Thebankletsstudentsborrowmarksiftheycannotpassexams,andthenrepaytheminlatertests.Here’showitworks.The“markbank”allowsstudents97borrowmarksiftheyfailtheexam.But,justlike98/'ri:?l/banks,itrequires“clients（客戶）”topaybacktheloan（貸款）99time,withinterest.Sostudentshavetopayfortheloanby100（get）extramarksinfutureexams.Someteachersalsoallowthestudentstorepaythebankbydoinglabexperiments101givingpublicspeeches.Studentswhodon’tpaybacktheirloansareblacklisted（將……列入黑名單）bythebank.“Iwassickbeforethemidtermexamsand102（miss）severalgeographyclasses,”onestudentsaid.“Ifailedtheexam,soIamgladthe‘markbank’gavemea103topasstheexam.”104/?:l'e??/manypeoplethinkthe“markbank”isagreatidea,noteveryonesupportstheidea.EducationexpertXiongBingqi,forexample,believesthatthe“markbank”isnotproper,butthinksthatittakesstress105/?v/thestudents.Othersthinkthatsuchanideajustcausesstudentstobelazierintheirstudies.（三）（2023·福建福州·福州華倫中學(xué)校考模擬預(yù)測）EachdifferentpartofChinahasitsownspecialformsoftraditionalart.Themostcommonthings,frompapertoclaytobamboo,canbeturnedinto106(object)ofbeauty.KongmingLantern,alsoknownasChinesetraditionalskylantern,isakindofpaperlantern107aclosedtopandasmallcandleinside.Itismadeofthinpaperandbambooframe,108itisusuallyredincolor.Whenthecandleislit,it109[hi:ts]theairinsidethelanternandmakesitrise.AccordingtoChinesehistory,skylanternswerefirstusedbyZhugeKongming,110famousstrategistintheThreeKingdomsperiod.Duringthewars,hesentthemouttoaskfor111[??nf?'me??n]andhelp,whichwasfarmore112(easy)thanusingotherways.Howcleverhewas!Today,theskylanternisstillcommoninourlife,especiallyatfestivalsandothercelebrations,suchastheLanternFestivalandtheMid-AutumnFestival.Peoplewritetheirwishesonthelanternandthenleti113flyintothesky.Whenthelanterns114(slow)riseintotheair,itisbelievedthatthewisheswhicharemadewillcometrue.Theyare115(see)asbrightsymbolsofhappinessandgoodwishes.ItisalsoasymbolofChinesepeople’spursuitofabetterlife.真題感悟（一）（2023·江蘇鹽城·統(tǒng)考中考真題）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容及字母提示，填寫所缺單詞，使其意思完整。FuTinglostherrightarminanaccidentwhenshewas3.Atthea1of13,shewenttoasportsschoolinXiangtan,HunanProvince.Shebeganswimmingt2there.FuTingtookpartinAthens2004ParalympicGamesandothereventsd3heryearsasanathlete,andwon18goldmedals.Afterretiringin2004,FuTingdecidedtoe4auniversitytostudylaw.Throughhardwork,shegraduatedandworkedasalawyer.In2017,FuTingsetupaservicegroup,p5freelegal(法律的)helpforthedisabled.Atthes6time,shealsojoinedavolunteergroup,sharingherlifestoriesinprimaryandsecondaryschools,givinglegalspeechesincommunities,inordertoencouragemorepeopletohelpthosedisabledpeopleinn7.“Inthefaceofthedisabled,weshouldfirst‘respect’andt8‘help’,”FuTingsaid.“I’mh9tohelpthemwithmyownexperienceandknowledge.AndIhopetheycanhelpmakeo10countrybetter.IbelieveIwillkeepondoingthat.”（二）（2023·山東東營·統(tǒng)考中考真題）閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容及首字母提示，在空白處填入一個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。MyparentsgotArthur’sFamilyLaundromat(洗衣店)frommygrandfather.Itwasatruefamilybusiness.Myfather,mymotherandmyauntwereresponsiblefordifferentjobs.E11myretired(退休的)grandfatherhelpswiththecleaningnowandthen.MyfathersaidthatthemostimportantmachineintheLaundromatwasn’tthewashingmachine.Itwasthecoffeepotbythedoor.Thecoffeewasfreeandalmosteveryc12wouldhaveacupandchatwithmyfamilywhilewaitingfortheircleanclothes.Inthehoursa13schooloronweekends,itwasmyjobtokeepthecoffeepotfull.Atleasttentimeseachday,Iwouldcleanupthewetcoffeegrounds(咖啡渣),weigh40gofcoffeebeans,fillthepotwithwater,andturnonthecoffeemachine.Itwassuchab14jobthatIcouldhavedoneitinmysleep.Iremembercomplainingonebusyday.“W15dowehavetogiveawaycoffee?We’reaLaundromat,notacoffeeshop!”Isaidangrily.Myfatherwassurprisedatmyattitude.Atoncehes16whathewasdoingtotalktome.Withapatientbutseriousexpressiononhisf17hespoke:“Son,peoplechooseourlaundromatb18weservethemlikefriends.Weofferthemacupofcoffee.Wechatwiththem,laughwiththemandconnectwiththem.Peopledon’tjustneedap19tocleantheirclothes.Theyneedfriendship.Thatiswhyyourjobisthemostimportantjobinthelaundromat.”Myfather’swordshadtheexpectedeffect.Fromthenon,Idothejobmorec20.Afterall,Ihadthemostimportantjobinthelaundromat.（三）（2023·天津·統(tǒng)考中考真題）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容及首字母提示，填寫所缺單詞，使短文意思完整。每空限填一詞。Asmileshowsthatapersonishappy.Forexample,apersonmaysmilewhenheorsheisp21withsomeprogressinstudies.Orapersonmaysmileifafriendtellsafunnyjoke.Thereareothergoodr22tosmileoften.First,itise23tosmilethantoshowunhappiness.Infact,itonlytakes17muscles(肌肉)tosmile.Ontheotherhand,ittakes43musclestoshowunhappiness.Sogivethemusclesinyourf24arestandsmile!Second,smilesarenice.Peoplemaytrytol25nicebyexercisingorwearingniceclothes.However,peopleoftensayasmileisthebestthingapersoncanwear.Thatisbecauseitiseasytobea26someonewhoissmilingandhappy.Almostnoonewantstostaywithsomeonewhoisalwaysunhappy.Third,smileshavepower(感染力).Bothsmilingandlaughingcaneasilyandquicklys27fromonepersontoanother.Ifonepersonsmiles,peoplearoundhimorherwanttosmile,too.Similarly,whenapersonlaughs,peopletend(往往會)tolaughwithhimorher.Ifapersoniss28,thebestthingtodoistoshareasmileoralaugh.Itistheeasiestwaytocheersomeoneup.F29,smilingandlaughingareverygoodforthebody.Eventhoughyouaresad,trysmiling.You’llfindthatitwillbedifficulttos30sadforverylong!（四）（2022·江蘇南通·統(tǒng)考中考真題）請認(rèn)真閱讀下面短文，并根據(jù)各題所給首字母的提示，寫出一個合適的英語單詞完整的、正確的形式，使短文通順。EatYourGreens!Ihaveneverbeenafanofvegetables.Butmybestfriendlovesthem.“Eatyourgreens!”healwayssays.SoIdecidetolearnsomethingmoreaboutthem.Plantsareaveryimportantpartofourdiet.Becauseofthec31theirleavesvegetablesareoftencalled“greens”.Theyp32allkindsofnutrition(營養(yǎng))thatareveryimportantforourbodies.Forexample,vitaminCgivesushealthyskin,andcalcium(鈣)keepsourboness33.Othershelptokeepourhearts,bloodandmuscleshealthyEatingvegetablesdoesnotmakeusf34becausetheyarelowincalories.It’ssaidthatthereareover80,000differentkindsofplantswhichcanbeeatenonEarth.However,90percentofthefoodsweeatc35fromjust30plants.Thisisnotbecausetheyarethemostnutritious,butbecausetheyarethee36togrow.Itissuggestedtoeatatleastfivedifferentvegetableseveryday.It’sagoodh37tomakevegetablesamainpartofeachmeal.However,somepeoplethinkthatvegetablesarenotsopopularcomparedwithmeat,sowhenvegetablesareservedtogetherwithmeat,theyoftenc38meatinsteadofvegetables.Othersthinkvegetablesarecookedinanunskillfulway,makingthemnotd39.Inordertohelpmehaveahealthydiet,myfriendgivesmegooda40onhowtocooktastyvegetables.Iamonmywaytoahealthierlifestyle.（五）（2023·浙江湖州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容和所給中文提示，在空白處寫出單詞的正確形式。每空限填一詞。Withbig,softearsandroundeyes,rabbitsaresomeofthecutestanimalsaround.Theyeven41(跳躍)andturnaroundintheairwhentheyarehappy.It’ssuchalovelyaction.Besides,rabbitsareinterestinganimalstostudy.Rabbitshavemanyamazing42(能力).Theycanrunatthe43(速度)of30kilometersperhour.Theirearsallowthemtohearsoundsfromupto2.8kilometersaway.Theyalsohaveaverygoodsight.Withalltheseskills,theycanoftenrunawayfrom44(危險).Somemightthinkthatrabbits45(更喜歡)carrots,butthat’snottrue.Theirfoodismostlymadeupofdry46(草)andfreshvegetables.Carrotsare47(富有的)insugarandwillbeharmfultotheirteeth.Rabbitsareusuallyactiveintheearlymorningandlateafternoon.That’swhenyou’llpossiblyseethemeatingorwalking48(安靜地)andfreelyinfieldsorwoods.Inthewild,rabbitslivein49(地下的)holes.Often,groupsofrabbitsinonearea50(掘，挖)theirholesandconnectthemtogether.Theydislikebeinglonely.Aspets,theyaremuchhappierwhenthey’reraisedinpairsorlargergroups.（六）（2023·浙江麗水·統(tǒng)考中考真題）閱讀下面短文，然后根據(jù)括號內(nèi)所給漢語意思寫出單詞的正確形式。每空限填一詞。Weusuallywearsockstokeepourfeetwarm.Butsockscanhaveamessage,too!Whosaysyoursocks51(必須)match?WecelebratedMismatchedSocksDayatschoollastweek.On52(星期一)morning,everyoneworedifferentsocksoneachfootandmetattheschool53(大門).Itwasalotoffun,butwhydidwedoit?TheideaofMismatchedSocksDayisthatit’snot54(壞的、糟的)tobespecialandunique.Kidscanbe55(自豪的)oftheirdifferences.IttakesplaceonthefirstdayofAnti-BullyingWeekeachyear.Abullyisapersonwho56(傷害、使疼痛)orscaresotherpeople.Olderandstrongerchildren57(有時)bullytheyounger,weakerchildren,orchildrenwhoaredifferent.Wewanttostopbullyingatourschool.Everyoneneedstofeelhappyand58(安全的).That’swhywecelebrateMismatchedSocksDay.Eachyear,athemeischosentohelpstudentsto59(記住)thatit’sgoodtobedifferentandthatallchildrenareimportant.Astheeventhasgrown,morepeoplejoinandtakethe60(機會)tohelpfightoffbullying.CelebratingMismatchedSocksDayisnotjustfun.Itmakesadifferenceinthelivesofyoungpeopleallovertheworld!（七）（2023·浙江臺州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容和所給中文提示，在空白處寫出單詞的正確形式。每空限填一詞。Knife-peelednoodlesareakindoffoodinShanxiProvince,enjoyinggreatfameanda61(歷史)ofhundredsofyears.Thenameshowsthewaythedishisprepared.A62(廚師)holdsdough(面團)inonehand,andcutsitintopieceswithaspecialknifeintheotherhand.Thentheyaredirectlythrownintoapotofboilingwater.Thewholeprocesslookslikean63(令人興奮的)kungfuperformance.Asonepieceofnoodlefallsintotheboilingwater,the64(第二)isflyingintheair,andthethirdhasjustbeenpeeledoff.Within65(僅僅)aminute,200piecesofnoodlescanbecutout.Thenoodleshaveashapeofa66(葉子),withmediumthicknessandthinedges.Thenoodlesaresmoothand67(柔軟的).Shanxipeoplehaveaspecialfeelingwhenhavingthiskindofnoodles