高一英語定語從句專項(xiàng)練習(xí)題與答案詳解

定語從句專項(xiàng)練習(xí)題與答案詳解1.Nearlyallthestreetsareinstraightlines,________fromeasttowest.Those________runfromnorthtosoutharecalledavenues.A.running;thatB.run;whoC.running;whoD.run;that2.Thisisthecase________he’shadallhismoneystolen.A.whenB.whereC.thatD.onwhich3.Mr.SmithwillpayavisittoBeijingthisautumn,________wewillenjoytheOlympicGamesin2008.A.whereB.whenC.whichD.how4.Theartistwillnotpaintpeopleoranimalsbuthewillpaintanything________.A.thatthelittlegirlaskshimB.thelittlegirlaskshimtoC.forthelittlegirltoaskhimD.whatthelittlegirlaskshim5.—Howdidyougetintouchwiththetravelagent,Robin?—Oh,that’seasy.IsurfedtheInternetandthencalledone________thetelephonenumberisprovided.A.whichB.inwhichC.ofwhichD.whose6.October15thismybirthday,________Iwillneverforget.A.whenB.thatC.whatD.which7.Thetreatmentwillcontinueuntilthepatientreachesthepoint________hecanwalkcorrectlyandsafely.A.whenB.whereC.whichD.whose8.ThereareseveralresearchcentersinChina________acertaindiseasecalledBirdFluisbeingstudied.A.whichB.whereC.whenD.what9.Ihopethatthelittle________Ihavebeenabletododoesgoodtothemall.A.whichB.whatC.thatD.when10.Thetimeisnotfaraway________moderncommunicationswillbecomewidespreadinChina’svastcountryside.A.asB.whenC.untilD.before11.________isknowntoeverybody,TaiwanisapartofChina.Wemustunifyit.A.ItB.AsC.WhichD.What12.Ishallneverforgettheday________ShenZhouVwaslaunched,________hasagreateffectonmylife.A.when,whichB.that,whichC.which,thatD.when,that13.Thebreadmywifemakesismuchbetterthan________youcanbuyatastore.A.thatwhichB.onethatC.thatofwhichD.thisofwhich14.Thereisnosuchplace________youdreamofinallthisworld.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.as15.Thepeople,________hadbeendamagedbytheflood,weregivenhelpbytheRedCross.A.allwhosehomesB.allofwhosehomesC.alltheirhomesD.alloftheirhomes16.Thehumansaredestroyingnaturedaybyday,________ofcourse,willcauseseverepunishmentfromitsoonerorlater.A.whoB.whenC.onwhichD.which17.Isthisresearchcenter________youvisitedthemodernequipmentlastyear?A.whereB.thatC.theonethatD.theonewhere18.Somepicturesoftheriverbroughtthedaysbacktotheold________theyswaminit.A.whenB.thatC.whoD.where19.Themanshowedussoheavyastone________nomancanlift.A.thatB.asC.whichD.and20.Hestayedthereforquitealongtime,during________timehelearnedmuchspokenEnglish.A.thatB.thisC.whichD.same答案與解析：1.A.主語與run(延伸)是主動關(guān)系，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞。Those指街道，所以不用who而用that來引導(dǎo)定語從句。2.B.因?yàn)樵诖祟}中where引導(dǎo)定語從句，表示“在這種種況下”，與inwhich相當(dāng)。3.A.因?yàn)橄刃性~是Beijing而不是thisautumn所以用where引導(dǎo)定語從句。4.B.答案B是省略了關(guān)系代詞that的定語從句，另外，to后還省略了動詞原形paint。5.C.因?yàn)閛fwhich引導(dǎo)定語從句，并在從句中作定語。ofwhichthetelephonenumber=whosetelephonenumber。6.D.因?yàn)檫@是個非限制性定語從句，先行詞是前面一句話的內(nèi)容。7.B.因?yàn)楸硎尽半A段、程度、地步”的thepoint在定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語，所以用where引導(dǎo)定語從句。8.B.因?yàn)橄刃性~是researchcenters并在定語從句中作狀語，所以用where。9.C.因?yàn)楫?dāng)先行詞是表示事物的all,little,few,much,anything,everything,nothing等時，多用that引導(dǎo)定語從句。10.因?yàn)橄刃性~是thetime，且在定語從句中作狀語，所以用when引導(dǎo)。此題的先行詞與定語從句被主句謂語分開了，要善于辨別。11.B.先行詞是TaiwanisapartofChina整個主句，一般由as或which引導(dǎo)定語從句，但which引導(dǎo)的定語從句只能放在主句之后，另外，as有“正如”之意，而which沒有，所以用as。順便說說，原句改為：ItisknowntoeverybodythatTaiwanis…=WhatisknowntoeverybodyisthatTaiwanis…12.A.兩空都是考查定語從句，先行詞分別是theday和ShenZhouVwaslaunched,theday在定語從句中作狀語，用when引導(dǎo)；后句是非限制性定語從句，不能用that，要用which。13.A.因?yàn)樘娲豢蓴?shù)名詞(thebread)只能用that，排除B和D；又因?yàn)橄刃性~that(thebread)在定語從句中作buy的賓語，用which，所以選A。14.D.當(dāng)定語從句的先行詞前有such,so,as等詞語時，由as引導(dǎo)，并且as在定語從句中作主語或賓語，as在此題中作dreamof的賓語。注意：在表示“如此…以致…”的such/so…that…結(jié)構(gòu)中，that不作任何句子成份。15.B.考查非限制性定語從句，allofwhosehomes=alloftheirhomes他們所有的房子。16.D.因?yàn)橄刃性~是前面整個句子，且在從句中作主語，所以用which。ofcourse是插入語。17.D.將疑問句改為陳述句：thisresearchcenteris…顯然缺少先行詞，必須加上代詞theone來作先行詞，又因定語從句不缺主語或賓語，所以用關(guān)系副詞where。假若在this后加the，就選where，請想想這是為什么。18.A.因?yàn)橄刃性~是thedays，并在定語從句中作狀語。19.B.當(dāng)先行詞前有so時，用as引導(dǎo)定語從句，as在從句中作主語或賓語。假若在lift后加上it，答案就是that了，請想想這是為什么。20.C.因前后均的句子，必須要選連詞，排除B和D；又因在介詞后不能用that來引導(dǎo)定語從句，所以選C。duringwhichtime在那段時間里。一.直接引語和間接引語（一）直接引述別人的原話，叫做直接引語；用自己話轉(zhuǎn)述別人的話，叫做間接引語。間接引語一般構(gòu)成賓語從句。直接引語必須放在引號內(nèi)，間接引語則不用引號。直接引語改為間接引語時，除將引語部分變成賓語從句外，還必須對直接引語中的人稱、時態(tài)、指示代詞、時間狀語、地點(diǎn)狀語等進(jìn)行改變。1.時態(tài)的變化：直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時，通常受轉(zhuǎn)述動詞said,asked等的影響而使用過去化的時態(tài)，即把原來的時態(tài)向過去推，也就是一般現(xiàn)在時變?yōu)橐话氵^去時，現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時變?yōu)檫^去進(jìn)行時，等等。例如：Tomsaidtome,“Mybrotherisdoinghishomework.”→Tomsaidtomethathisbrotherwasdoinghishomework.2.人稱代詞、指示代詞、時間狀語、地點(diǎn)狀語等等的變化：根據(jù)意義進(jìn)行相應(yīng)的變化，例如：SheaskedJack,“Wherehaveyoubeen?”→SheaskedJackwherehehadbeen.Hesaid,“Thesebooksaremine.”→Hesaidthatthosebookswerehis.（二）直接引語改為間接引語時，都使用陳述語序，但是因?yàn)樵涞木涫讲煌宰兂砷g接引語時所用的連詞會有所不同。直接引語如果是一般疑問句，用連接詞whether或if；如果是特殊疑問句，則用疑問詞引導(dǎo)間接引語。轉(zhuǎn)述的動詞一般用asked，可以在其后加上一個間接賓語me,him,her,us等。如：Shesaid,“Isyourfatherathome?”→Sheaskedmeif/whethermyfatherwasathome.“WhatdoyoudoeverySunday?”Myfriendaskedme.→MyfriendaskedmewhatIdideverySunday.直接引語如果是祈使句，改為間接引語時，要將祈使句的動詞原形變?yōu)閹o的不定式，并在不定式的前面根據(jù)原句的語氣（即請求或命令）加上ask,tell,order等動詞，如果祈使句為否定式，則在不定式前加not。其句型為：ask/tell/ordersomeone(not)todosomething.例如：Shesaidtous,“Pleasesitdown.”→Sheaskedustositdown.Hesaidtohim,“Goaway!”→Heorderedhimtogoaway.Hesaid,“Don’tmakesomuchnoise,boys.”→Hetoldtheboysnottomakesomuchnoise.二.各種時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)概述被動語態(tài)的概念：它是動詞的一種形式，表示主語與謂語之間的執(zhí)行或被執(zhí)行關(guān)系。主動語態(tài)表示主語是謂語動作的執(zhí)行者，例如：Theysawthelittleboycryingbytheriver.被動語態(tài)表示主語是謂語動作的承受者，例如：Thelittleboywasseencryingbytheriver.被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成被動語態(tài)的形式是由“助動詞be+動詞的過去分詞”構(gòu)成。助動詞be隨著主語的人稱、數(shù)、時態(tài)等的不同而變化。幾種常見時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)形式如下：1.一般現(xiàn)在時am/is/are+過去分詞例如：RiceisplantedinthesouthofChina.2.一般過去時was/were+過去分詞例如：Thesetreeswereplantedtheyearbeforelast.3.一般將來時will/shall+be+過去分詞例如：Asportsmeetingwillbeheldnextweekinourschool.4.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時am/is/are+being+過去分詞例如：Yourradioisbeingrepairednow.5.過去進(jìn)行時was/were+being+過去分詞Whenhegotthere,theproblemwasbeingdiscussed.6.現(xiàn)在完成時have/has+been+過去分詞Hisworkhasbeenfinished.Hashisworkbeenfinished?Yes,ithas./No,ithasn’t.7.過去完成時had+been+過去分詞注意：1．除了be之外的其它系動詞如get,stay等也可以和過去分詞構(gòu)成被動語態(tài)。例如：Theirquestionshaven’tgotanswered.2.含有情態(tài)動詞的謂語變成被動語態(tài)使用“情態(tài)動詞+be+過去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：Moreattentionshouldbepaidtotheoldinthiscountry.Thisworkcan’tbedo