2024年高考英語大一輪復習課時作業(yè)31Module1SmallTalk含解析外研版

PAGEPAGE8課時作業(yè)31Ⅰ.閱讀理解(綏德中學高三階段性測試)Areyousickofgoingtobedlateandwakinguptired?Thengrabyourhikingbootsandatent.Anewstudysuggeststhatcampinginthegreatoutdoorsforacoupleofdayscanresetyourbodyclockandhelpyougetmoresleep.Thebodyclockisaninternalsystemthattellsourbodieswhenit'stimetogotosleepandwhenit'stimetowakeup.Scientiststrackthisclockbymeasuringtheamountofmelatonin(褪黑激素)circulatinginaperson'sbloodatanygiventime.Inahealthysleeper,melatoninlevelsriseafewhoursbeforebedtime,stayhighthroughthenight,andthensettlebackdownwhenit'stimetowakeup.Inourmodernsociety,however,mostofusstayupmanyhourspastsunsetandwouldprobablysleepinmanyhoursaftersunriseifwecould.Andthetroubleis,yourmelatoninlevelsmaystillbehighwhenyouralarmclockgoesoffinthemorning,whichleadstofatigue.Itmayalsohaveotherhealthconsequencesaswell,suchasdiabetes(糖尿病),overweightandheartdisease.ProfessorKennethWrightoftheUniversityofColoradointheUSwantedtoseeifourbodyclockscanberesetbyashortstayinnature.Histeamrecruited(招募)fourteenphysicallyactivevolunteersintheir20sand30s.Ninewentonaweekendcampingtrip,whiletheotherfivestayedhome.Attheendoftheweekend,theresearchersreportedthatinjusttwodays,thecampers'bodyclockshadshiftedsothattheirmelatoninlevelsbegantorisemorethananhourearlierthantheydidbeforetheyleftonthetrip.Bycontrast,thebodyclocksofthegroupthatstayedhomeshiftedevenlateroverthecourseoftheweekend.“Thistellsuswecanresetourclocksfast，”Wrightsaid.Therefore,ifyouwanttochangeyoursleeppatternsyoucouldtrytoincreaseyourexposuretonaturallightduringthedayanddecreasetheamountofartificiallightyouseeatnight.Andifthatdoesn'twork,there'salwayscamping.本文為說明文。生物鐘對人體的影響很大。生物鐘如遭到破壞，可能會影響人的健康，如患糖尿病，身體肥胖，心臟病，尤其是影響我們的睡眠。一項新探討稱幾天的戶外露營便可以重啟你的生物鐘，幫助你改善睡眠。1．Whatistheauthor'smainpurposeofwritingthepassage?A．Toexplainhowalackofsleepisbadforourhealth.B．Toinformusofapossiblewaytoadjustthebodyclock.C．Toanalyzehowthebodyclockinfluencesoursleepinghabits.D．Toexplorehowthebodyclockisconnectedwithmelatoninlevels.答案：B解析：推理推斷題。第一段中的Anewstudysuggeststhatcampinginthegreatoutdoorsforacoupleofdayscanresetyourbodyclockandhelpyougetmoresleep.一項新的探討表明，在戶外露營幾天可以重置你的生物鐘，幫助你獲得更多的睡眠。及最終一段Therefore，ifyouwanttochangeyoursleeppatternsyoucouldtrytoincreaseyourexposuretonaturallightduringthedayanddecreasetheamountofartificiallightyouseeatnight.Andifthatdoesn'twork，there'salwayscamping.因此，假如你想變更你的睡眠模式，你可以試著增加白天暴露在自然光下的量，削減晚上看到的燈光的量。假如這不起作用，還可以露營。由此可知這是告知我們一種調(diào)整人的生物鐘的方法。B正確。2．Theunderlinedword“fatigue”inParagraph4probablymeans“________”．A．tiredness B．excitementC．refreshment D．pressure答案：A解析：揣測詞義題。結(jié)合第四段中的yourmelatoninlevelsmaystillbehighwhenyouralarmclockgoesoffinthemorning早上鬧鐘響起的時候，體內(nèi)的褪黑色素還依舊保持較高水平，因此就會使人感到勞累?？芍癴atigue”指的是疲憊的。A正確。3．WhatdidWright'steamdiscoverfromtheirexperiment?A．Thebodyclocksofthetwogroupsdidn'tshowmuchdifference.B．Thebodyclocksofthosewhostayedathomeremainedthesame.C．Thosestayingoutdoorsresettheclockinsidetheirbodiesoverashortperiod.D．Changestothebodyclockdon'tnecessarilyaffectmelatoninlevelsinourbodies.答案：C解析：細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)五段中的Attheendoftheweekend，theresearchersreportedthatinjusttwodays，thecampers'bodyclockshadshiftedsothattheirmelatoninlevelsbegantorisemorethananhourearlierthantheydidbeforetheyleftonthetrip.Bycontrast，thebodyclocksofthegroupthatstayedhomeshiftedevenlateroverthecourseoftheweekend.周末結(jié)束時，探討人員報告說，僅僅兩天內(nèi)，露營者的生物鐘就變更了，褪黑激素水平比他們出門旅行前提前了一個多小時起先上升。由此可推斷出Wright的團隊經(jīng)過對比兩組人群的睡眠表現(xiàn)發(fā)覺，我們可以在短時間內(nèi)調(diào)整生物鐘。故選C項。4．Accordingtothepassage,tochangeoursleepinghabit,we'dbetter________.A．setanalarmclocktowakeusupontimeinthemorningB．trytoreducemelatoninlevelsasmuchaspossibleatnightC．spendseveralweeksstayingintheopenaireverynowandthenD．getexposedtomorenaturallightinthedaybutlessartificiallightatnight答案：D解析：細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最終一段ifyouwanttochangeyoursleeppatternsyoucouldtrytoincreaseyourexposuretonaturallightduringthedayanddecreasetheamountofartificiallightyouseeatnight.得知，白天暴露在自然光下，晚上削減可見的人造光線，就可以改善我們的睡眠習慣。D項符合題意。Ⅱ.完形填空(新余四中高三段考)AnAmericanbusinessmanwhotravelledinsouthernMexicometwithoneyoungMexicanfishermanrowingasmallboatatthedock(碼頭)．Insidetheboatwereseverallarge__1__.Enjoyingthewarmthofthesun,theAmerican__2__theMexicanforthequalityofhisfish.HethoughttheymustbringtheMexicanlotsofmoney.“Howlongdidittakeyouto__3__them？”theAmericanasked.“Oh,afewhours，”theMexicanfisherman__4__.“Whydon'tyou__5__longerandcatchmorefish？”thebusinessmanthenasked.TheMexicananswered,“WiththesefishIhavemorethanenoughto__6__myfamily.”Thebusinessmanthenbecame__7__，“Butwhatdoyoudowiththerestofyour__8__？”Withasmile,thefishermananswered,“I__9__withmychildren,watchballgames,seemyfriends,singsongs.”TheAmericanbusinessmancutin,“Look,IhaveanMBA,andIcanhelpyou__10__moremoney.Youcanstartbyfishingseveralhourslongereveryday.Youcanthensellthe__11__fishyoucatch.Withthemoney,youcanbuyabiggerboat,thenathirdone,andsoon,__12__youhaveanentirefleet(船隊)offishingboats.Youcouldleaveyourvillageandmovetoabigcity,whereyoucouldevenfurther__13__yourbusiness.Finally,you'llbeabletosetupyourcompanyandbecomevery__14__.Whatdoyouthink？”Havingnever__15__suchthings,theMexicanfishermanasked,“Really?__16__wouldIdowithitall？”Thebusinessmansaidproudly,“Thenyoucould__17__retire(退休)withallthemoney.Youcould__18__toyourpeacefulfishingvillagewhereyoucouldplaywithyourgrandchildren,andwatchballgames.Andyoucould__19__yourfriendsoftenandsingwiththem.”Thestorytellsus:Knowwhatreallymattersinlife,andyoumayfindthatitisalreadymuch__20__thanyouthink.本文主要講解并描述要知道你生命中最重要的是什么，你或許會發(fā)覺你距離你的目標可能更近了，人要知足常樂。1．A.equipment B．clothC．wood D．fish答案：D解析：考查名詞。A.equipment設備；B.cloth衣服；C.wood木頭；D.fish魚。句意：船里有幾條大魚。因為上文說的是墨西哥人是漁民。故選D。2．A.terrified B．praisedC．puzzled D．spotted答案：B解析：考查形容詞。A.terrified恐驚的；B.praised表揚的；C.puzzled困惑的；D.spotted弄臟的。句意：享受著暖和的陽光，那個美國人夸獎了墨西哥人他的魚的質(zhì)量。故選B。3．A.catch B．eatC．feed D．sell答案：A解析：考查動詞。A.catch抓到；B.eat吃；C.feed喂；D.sell賣。句意：你花了多長時間抓到了這些魚？故選A。4．A.agreed B．doubtedC．replied D．promised答案：C解析：考查動詞。A.agreed同意；B.doubted懷疑；C.replied回復；D.promised許諾。依據(jù)上句“Howlongdidittakeyouto__3__them？”theAmericanasked.可知，你花費了多長時間抓到了這些魚？這是美國人問的問題，墨西哥人要作出回答。故選C。5．A.giveup B．digdownC．settleback D．stayout答案：D解析：考查動詞短語。A.giveup放棄；B.digdown掘倒；C.settleback安排下來；D.stayout在外逗留。句意：你為什么不在外面多留一段時間，抓更多的魚？故選D。6．A.avoid B．supportC．show D．understand答案：B解析：考查動詞。A.avoid避開；B.support支持；C.show展示；D.understand理解。句意：用這些魚，我已經(jīng)足夠養(yǎng)我的家了。故選B。7．A.angry B．seriousC．excited D．sad答案：B解析：考查形容詞。A.angry生氣的；B.serious肅穆的；C.excited激烈的；D.sad難受的。依據(jù)下句Butwhatdoyoudowiththerestofyour__8__？可知，但是你剩余的時間做什么呢？說明美國商人特別肅穆。故選B。8．A.time B．moneyC．food D．work答案：A解析：考查名詞。A.time時間；B.money金錢；C.food食物；D.work工作。句意：但是你剩余的時間做什么呢？故選A。9．A.fight B．dealC．play D．meet答案：C解析：考查動詞。A.fight戰(zhàn)斗；B.deal應付；C.play玩；D.meet遇到。句意：我和孩子們玩，看足球競賽，探望我的摯友，唱歌。故選C。10．A.spend B．borrowC．make D．save答案：C解析：考查動詞。A.spend花費；B.borrow借；C.make賺得；D.save節(jié)約。句意：我能幫助你掙更多的錢。故選C。11．A.small B．deadC．extra D．last答案：C解析：考查形容詞。A.small小的；B.dead死的；C.extra額外的；D.last最終的。依據(jù)上句Youcanstartbyfishingseveralhourslongereveryday.可知，你可以每天多捕魚幾小時，然后把額外的魚賣掉。故選C。12．A.until B．thoughC．because D．if答案：A解析：考查連詞。A.until直到；B.though盡管；C.because因為；D.if假如。依據(jù)上句Withthemoney,youcanbuyabiggerboat,thenathirdone,andsoon可知，用這些錢去買一艘大船，然后更多的船，直到你擁有整個船隊。故選A。13．A.start B．expandC．leave D．plan答案：B解析：考查動詞。A.start起先；B.expand擴大；C.leave離開；D.plan安排。句意：在大城市你可以把你的生意擴大。故選B。14．A.rich B．confidentC．healthy D．clever答案：A解析：考查形容詞。A.rich富的；B.confident自信的；C.healthy健康的；D.clever聰慧的。句意：你將建立你的公司，變得更富有。故選A。15．A.reliedon B．sufferedfromC．thoughtof D．setdown答案：C解析：考查動詞短語。A.reliedon依靠；B.sufferedfrom患；C.thoughtof想過；D.setdown放下。依據(jù)下句“Really”可知，墨西哥人沒有想過那個問題。故選C。16．A.What B．WhenC．Where D．Why答案：A解析：考查連詞。A.What什么；B.When什么時候；C.Where哪里；D.Why為什么。句意：我用那些錢干什么呢？故選A。17．A.regretfully B．happilyC．carefully D．tiredly答案：B解析：考查副詞。A.regretfully缺憾地；B.happily華蜜地；C.carefully細致地；D.tiredly乏累地。句意：你能夠擁有全部的錢華蜜地退休。故選B。18．A.devote B．leadC．return D．refer答案：C解析：考查動詞。A.devote捐獻；B.lead帶領；C.return返回；D.refer所指。句意：你可以回到漁村和你的子孫一起玩。故選C。19．A.judge B．visitC．remind D．find答案：B解析：考查動詞。A.judge推斷；B.visit探望；C.remind提示；D.find發(fā)覺。句意：你能夠常常去探望你的摯友，同他們一起唱歌。故選B。20．A.closer B．simplerC．slower D．wider答案：A解析：考查形容詞。A.closer更近的；B.simpler更簡潔的；C.slower更慢的；D.wider更廣的。句意：這個故事告知我們：要知道你生命中最重要的是什么，你或許會發(fā)覺你距離你的目標可能更近了。故選A。Ⅲ.語法填空(湛江市高三調(diào)研考試)Doyouliketraveling?__1__(stay)healthywhiletravelingcanhelptoensureyourtripisahappyandenjoyableone.Ifyouaretravelingabroad，herearethetipsyouneedtomakeyourtipmuch__2__(easy)．Makesureyouhavegotasignedpassportandavisa.Also,__3__yougo，fillintheemergencyinformationpageofyourpassport！Maketwocopiesofyourpassportidentificationpage.Thiswillhelpalotifyourpassport__4__(steal).Leaveonecopyathomewithfriendsorrelatives.Carrytheother__5__youinaseparateplacefromyourpassport.ReadthePublicAnnouncementsorTravelWarningsforthecountriesyouplantovisit.Get__6__(you)familiarwithlocallawsandcustomsofthecountriesto__7__youaretraveling.Leaveacopyofyouritinerary(旅行安排)withyourfamilyorfriendsathomesothatyoucanbecontactedincaseof__8__emergency.Donotacceptpackagesfromstrangers.Donotcarrytoomuchmoneyor__9__(necessary)creditcards.Ifwemakeenoughpreparations，wewill__10__(success).Haveagoodtimer.文章講解并描述了我們?nèi)绾卧诼眯兄姓湛春米约?。首先要留意放松，不要太累；其次要有好的睡眠；同時還要吃健康的食物，只有這樣才能好好的享受旅游。1．Staying/To_stay解析：此處是動名詞或動詞不定式作主語，故答案為Staying/Tostay。2．easier解析：much放在比較級前面，修飾比較級加強語氣?？芍鸢笧閑asier。3．before解析：句意：在你去以前，填寫護照的緊急狀況信息頁。此處是before引導的時間狀語從句，答案為before。4．is_stolen解析：主句用一般將來時態(tài)，則從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)，passport和steal之間是被動關系，所以此空用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)，答案為isstolen。5．with解析：carrysth.withsb.某人隨身攜帶，可知答案為with。6．yourself解析：句意：使你自己熟識你要旅游國家的法律和風俗習慣。依據(jù)句意可知用反身代詞，答案為yourself。7．which解析：句意：使你自己熟識你要旅游國家的法律和風俗習慣。此處countries作先行詞，指物，在后面的定語從句中作介詞to的賓語，可知答案為which。8．a(chǎn)n解析：句意：萬一須要急救。emergency以元音音素開頭，故填an。9．unnecessary解析：句意：不要攜帶太多的錢和沒必要的信用卡。答案為unnecessary。10．succeed解析：句意：我們將勝利。will后面跟動詞原形?？芍鸢笧閟ucceed。Ⅳ.短文改錯(石嘴山一中高三月考)DearMrZhang，Knownthatourschoolisgoingtosetupelective(選修的)Englishcourses,I'dliketogivesomeadvices.EnglishVisual-Audio-OralCourseisagoodchoice.MostofusareinterestedatEnglishvideosandsongs,thatprovideuswithgreatimagesandbeautifulmusictolistento.Asresult,wecanenjoysomelocalcustomsand