物理-山西省太原市2024-2025學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期期末學(xué)業(yè)診斷試題和答案

1一、單項(xiàng)選擇題：本題包含7小題，每小題4分，共28分。題號1234567選項(xiàng)BADBCCD二、多項(xiàng)選擇題：本題包含3小題，每小題6分，共18分。題號89選項(xiàng)ADADBCD三、實(shí)驗(yàn)題：共16分。（1）C（2分2）0.50（3分3）A（2分）12.（9分）（1）C（2分2）A（2分）（3）4.0（3分）平衡摩擦力不夠斜面傾角太小或有空氣阻力（2分）四、計(jì)算題：共38分。13.（8分）（1）雪橇做勻加速直線運(yùn)動(dòng)a=1m/s2··················································································(1分)（2）雪橇水平方向受到水平的推力和滑動(dòng)摩擦力F?μmJ=ma············································································(3分)214.（12分）（1）物品剛放到傳送帶上，由牛頓第二定律：μmJCos37°+mJsin37°=ma1 a1=10m/s2 （2）物品以a1做勻加速直線運(yùn)動(dòng)直至與傳送帶共速x1=a1t··················································································(1分)x1=1.25mv=a1t1·····················································································(1分)t1=0.5s因μ<tanθ,物品又以a2做勻加速直線運(yùn)動(dòng)mJsin37°?μmJCos37°=ma2 a2=2m/s2 (2分)x2=vt2+a2t··········································································(1分)x2=x?x1t2=0.5s)15.（18分）（1）木塊恰能與鐵箱保持相對靜止對木塊:μ2FN=mJ·······································································(2分)FN=ma·····················································································(2分)a=12.5m/s2·······························································································································(2分)（2）對木塊與鐵箱組成的系統(tǒng)F?μ1(m+M)J=(m+M)a·························································(2分)3解得:F=72.5N···········································································(2分)（3）當(dāng)拉力為F'=82N時(shí)a1=16m/s2v1=a1t1=16m/s)撤去F'后木塊繼續(xù)勻加速，鐵箱勻減速運(yùn)動(dòng)至共速，設(shè)共速速度為v對鐵箱:μ1(m+M)J+μ2mJ=Ma2 (2分)a2=4.5m/s2v=v1?a2t2)對木塊：a3=μ2J=8m/s2v=a3（t1+t2）x3=a3t1+t2)2·········································································(1分)