2024年廣東省梅州市某中學(xué)高考英語(yǔ)質(zhì)檢試卷（含詳細(xì)答案解析）

2024年廣東省梅州市興寧一中高考英語(yǔ)質(zhì)檢試卷

一、閱讀理解：本大題共15小題，共37.5分。

A

Ifyouareplanningtostartacareerinthefieldofeducation,science,orculture,thenaninternship（實(shí)習(xí)）at

UNESCOwillbeidealforyou.

Whocanapply?

Youhavecompletedyourfull-timeuniversitystudies；oryouarestudyinginagraduateprogramforamaster's

degree.

Applicantsintechnicalassignmentsmusthavereachedthelastyearoftheirstudiesinatechnicalinstitution.

Whataretherequirements?

Youmustbeatleast20yearsold.

Youshouldhaveagoodcommand（掌握）ofeitherEnglishorFrench.

Youmusthaveanexcellentknowledgeofoffice-relatedsoftware.

Youshouldbeabletoworkwellinateamandadapttoaninternationalworkingenvironment.

Youshouldpossessstronginterpersonalandcommunicationskills.

Whatdoyouneedtoprepare?

Visa：Youshouldobtainthenecessaryvisas.

Travel：Youmustarrangeandfinanceyourtraveltoandfromthelocationwhereyouwilldoyourinternship.

Medicalinsurance：Youmustshowproofofacomprehensivehealthinsurancevalid（有效的）inthetarget

countryfortheentireperiodoftheintemship.UNESCOwillprovidelimitedinsurancecoverageuptoUSD30,

000fortheinternshipperiod.

Medicalcertificate：Youmustprovideamedicalcertificateindicatingyouarefittowork.

Motivationletter：Youshouldhaveyourmotivationletterreadybeforefillingouttheapplicationform.Your

applicationwillbeaccessedbyUNESCOmanagersandwillstayinourdatabaseforsixmonths.Wedonotrespond

toeverycandidate.Ifselected,youwillbecontactedbyamanager.Ifyoudonotreceiveanyupdatewithinsix

months,itmeansthatyourapplicationhasnotbeensuccessful.

1.Accordingtothispassage,applicantsarerequiredto.

A.holdamaster'sdegreeinscience

B.haveinternationalworkexperience

C.befluentineitherEnglishorFrench

D.presentaletterfromatechnicalinstitution

2.WhatwillUNESCOprovidefortheinternshipperiod?

A.Limitedmedicalinsurancecoverage.

B.Trainingincommunicationskills.

C.Amedicalcertificateforwork.

D.Financialsupportfortravel.

3.Whatshouldapplicantsdobeforefillingouttheapplicationform?

A.ContactUNESCOmanagers.B.Getaccesstothedatabase.

C.Keepamotivationletterathand.D.Workinateamforsixmonths.

B

Myfriendneverdidwellinschoolbutalwayshadasharpeyeforbeauty.OnedayIwasbusyarrangingsome

flowersinavasebutjustcouldn'tgetthemtolookright.Shecamealong,andwithafewskillfulwavesofher

hand,transformedthemintoastunningbouquet.Whenpraisedforhavingthisamazingability,sheshruggedoff

thecompliment.Shesimplydidn'tviewhercreativityasanythingspecial.

Toooftenweunderestimateourowntalentsinthisway.Maybeit'sbecausewe'vebecomeusedtobelievingthat

onlyabilitieslikeahighI.Q.,agiftformathematicsoralargevocabularyhavecognitive（認(rèn)知的）value.Iwas

fortunatetolearnotherwiseatayoungage.

WhenIenteredhighschool,aguidancecounselortoldmymotherIwasn*tcollegematerialbecauseIhad

performedmiserablyonthespellingsectionofastandardizedtest.Thankfullymymotherrecognizedmyother

intellectual（智力的）giftsandstoodupforme,insistingIbeputintothecollege-trackcurriculum.This

experienceliterallydefinedthecourseofmylife.ltshowedmehowimportantitisnottoacceptalabelsomeone

elseputonmeanditallowedmetorealizemyfullpotential.

Intheearly1980,s,HowardGardner,aprominentHarvardresearcher,pioneeredaconceptof"multiple

intelligences".Inhisbook,FramesofMind：TheTheoryofMultipleIntelligences,hesuggestedthatintelligence

isnotlimitedtoatraditionalinterpretationbutinsteadincludesawiderangeofcognitiveabilities.

WhatIloveaboutthemultipleintelligencestheoryisthatitallowsyoutoreframeyourownabilitiesandtalents,

especiallythosethatdon'tnecessarilyfitintoneatacademicboxes.Whileit'strueonemustmeetabasiclevelof

intelligenceforachievement,theanalyticalskillsmeasuredbyI.Q.donottellthewholestory.Thisiswhywe

shouldcelebrateallofourtalentsandabilities.They*repartofwhatmakesyourindividualbrainsowonderfuland

unique.

4.Whoseabilityisprobablyunderestimatedaccordingtotheauthor?

A.Achildwhohasalargevocabulary.

B.AchildwhoisgoodatbuildingLegoblocks.

C.Achildwhohasaneasytimelearninghowtomultiply.

D.Achildwhoquicklyfitsintoacademiclearningprocess.

5.Whatdoes"otherwise"underlinedinparagraph2referto?

A.Itsuitedmewelltotakecollege-trackcourses.

B.Intelligencecanbeinterpretedbyvariousabilities.

C.Spellingabilityinastandardizedtestisofgreatvalue.

D.AhighI.Q.makesnosenseinrealizingmyfullpotential.

6.WhydidtheauthormentionHowardGardner'sbook?

A.Tointroduceanewtopic.B.Toclarifyaconcept.

C.Torecommendthebook.D.Tosupporthisopinion.

7.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.ChangeYourCognitiveValue

B.DevelopYourAcademicAbility

C.AppreciateYourMultipleIntelligences

D.ExploretheTheoryofMultipleIntelligences

c

WhenAmericananthropologistColinTurnbullpublishedTheMountainPeoplein1972,hereferredtohis

subjects一aUgandangroupcalledtheIk一as"thelovelesspeople."Aftertwoyearsofobservations,hedecided

thattheyreflectedhumanity'sbasicinstincts：cheat,thievery,andpitilessness.ButwhenAthenaAktipisandher

colleaguesfromtheHumanGenerosityProjecttookadeeperlook,theyidentifiedacommunitythatshared

everything.''TurnbullhadvisitedUgandaduringadisastrousfamine（饑荒）.Allhesawiswhathappenswhen

peoplearestarving."saysAktipis.Butherteamrevealedthatdespitelivingunderpressure,theIkplacedahigh

valueonhelpingoneanotherwhentheycould.

Aktipisbelievesthataltruismismorecommonandbeneficialthanevolutionarysocialsciencehaslongthought.HIt

wasassumedthatpeoplearedesignedtoonlydothingstohelpthemselvesortheirrelatives.'1shesays.Bystudying

theunique,selflesspracticesthathelpedninecommunitiesacrosstheworldtocontinuetoexist,theexpertsfrom

theProjectarelookingtoshowthatweareindeedcapableofwidespreadcooperation.

TheMaasaipeopleinKenyaprovideoneoftheprojectsmainpoints.Theyrelyontwo-wayfriendshipsfor

resourceslikefoodorwaterwhenthey'reinneed,withoutexpectinganyrepayment.Also,aworldaway,in

NewMexico,whilefolksoftenhelptransportcattleandreceivesupportinreturn,theywillassistwithout

repaymentifsomeonefacesdifficulties,suchasaninjuryorthedeathofalovedone.

Aktipisbelievestheoreticalframeworksshe'sperfectedthroughstudyingthesegroupscanapplybroadlytoany

interdependentsystems.Herbiggoalistodesignsocial-servicesystemsthatsupporteveryone.Takemarket-based

insuranceintheUnitedStatesasanexample：It'spricedbasedonindividualriskfactorssuchashealthhistories

andwherepeoplelive,whichmeansmillionsofAmericanscan'taffordit.Butinasystembuiltonneighboring,

pooled（合并）costswouldleveltheburdenduringcollectivehardshiplikenaturaldisastersandpandemics.

8.WhatdidTurnbullthinkoftheIkpeople?

A.Heartless.B.Helpful.C.Restless.D.Generous.

9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"altruism"inparagraph2probablymean?

A.Tryingtobestrongandtoughtosurvive.

B.Makingfulluseofthesurroundingresources.

C.Beingdevotedtothemselvesortheirrelatives.

D.Caringabouttheneedsandhappinessofothers.

10.Whatdoesparagraph3intendtoconvey?

A.Friendshipsguaranteeawell-beinglife.

B.Folksassisteachothertogetsupport.

C.Cooperationisagoodandnaturalinstinct.

D.Peopletendtoprovideresourcesforfree.

11.HowdoesAktipisintendtoapplyherfindings?

A.Bydesigningapolicyforpublichealth.

B.Bymonitoringindividualhealthhistories.

C.Bycreatingasystemagainstcollectivehardship.

D.Byloweringinsurancepricesforindividualvictims.

D

Ourspecies*incrediblecapacitytoquicklyacquirewordsfrom300byage2toover1,000byage4isn'tfully

understood.Somecognitivescientistsandlinguistshavetheorizedthatpeoplearebomwithbuilt-inexpectations

andlogicalconstraints（約束）thatmakethispossible.Now,however,machine-learningresearchisshowing

thatpreprogrammedassumptionsaren*tnecessarytoswiftlypickupwordmeaningsfromminimaldata.

Ateamofscientistshassuccessfullytrainedabasicartificialintelligencemodeltomatchimagestowordsusing

just61hoursofnaturalisticfootage（鏡頭）andsound一previouslycollectedfromachildnamedSamin2013

and2014.Althoughit'sasmallsliceofachild'slife,itwasapparentlyenoughtoprompttheAItofigureoutwhat

certainwordsmean.

Thefindingssuggestthatlanguageacquisitioncouldbesimplerthanpreviouslythought.MaybechildrenHdon'tneed

acustom-built,high-classlanguage-specificmechanismntoefficientlygraspwordmeanings,saysJessica

Sullivan,anassociateprofessorofpsychologyatSkidmoreCollege."Thisisareallybeautifulstudy,"shesays,

becauseitoffersevidencethatsimpleinformationfromachild'sworldviewisrichenoughtokick-startpattern

recognitionandwordcomprehension.

Thenewstudyalsodemonstratesthatit'spossibleformachinestolearnsimilarlytothewaythathumansdo.Large

languagemodelsaretrainedonenormousamountsofdatathatcanincludebillionsandsometimestrillionsofword

combinations.Humansgetbyonordersofmagnitudelessinformation,saysthepapefsleadauthorWaiKeen

Vong.Withtherighttypeofdata,thatgapbetweenmachineandhumanlearningcouldnarrowdramatically.

Yetadditionalstudyisnecessaryincertainaspectsofthenewresearch.Forone,thescientistsacknowledgethat

theirfindingsdon'tprovehowchildrenacquirewords.Moreover,thestudyonlyfocusedonrecognizingthewords

forphysicalobjects.

Still,it'sasteptowardadeeperunderstandingofourownmind,whichcanultimatelyhelpusimprovehuman

education,saysEvaPortelance,acomputationallinguisticsresearcher.ShenotesthatAIresearchcanalsobring

claritytolong-unansweredquestionsaboutourselves."Wecanusethesemodelsinagoodway,tobenefitscience

andsociety,"Portelanceadds.

12.Whatisasignificantfindingofmachine-learningresearch?

A.Vocabularyincreasesgraduallywithage.

B.Vocabularycanbeacquiredfromminimaldata.

C.Languageacquisitionistiedtobuilt-inexpectations.

D.Languageacquisitionisascomplexasformerlyassumed.

13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"prompt"inparagraph2mean?

A.Facilitate.B.Persuade.C.Advise.D.Expect.

14.Whatisdiscussedaboutthenewresearchinparagraph5?

A.Itslimitations.B.Itsstrengths.

C.Itsuniqueness.D.Itsprocess.

15.WhatisEvaPortelance'sattitudetotheAIresearch?

A.Doubtful.B.Cautious.C.Dismissive.D.Positive.

二、閱讀七選五：本大題共5小題，共12.5分。

AfterbuildingsomeMstandarducargobikes,(1),thistimewithsomethingveryspecial.Iwantedto

buildanidealcargobikecombiningthestabilityofathree-wheelerwiththepossibilitytochangedirectionslike

beingontwowheels.

Thefirststepwastodoextensiveresearch(2).Anincrediblesourceoftechnicalinspirationwasthe

onlineTiltingGroup.Althoughprimarily-concernedwithtilting(傾斜)conceptsofenginedriven

constructions,thegroupissurelythebestplacetofindinformationaboutconstructingatilter.

Afterresearchingandoutliningafewideas,Igrabbedsomepartsandstartedwithaverysimpleprototype(雛

形).Buildingsuchavehicleneedsahighdegreeofaccuracy,whichwasnotthecasewithmyprototype(3)

.SoImadeafewmoresketches(草圖),whichledtoanimprovedversionofthedrivingandtilting

mechanism.

ThenIstartedbuildingthetricycle.Buildingthestructurewasquitestraightforward.AsusualItookanoldbike

apartforthebacktriangleandthenaddedthefrontpart.Afteraddingacargobaskettothestructure,(4)

Nowcamethehardpart：thedrivingmechanism.Istartedwiththeusualdesignusedfortwo-wheelcargobikes,

butittookmequitesometimetofigureouthowtopassthedrivingforcetobothwheelswithoutallowingthe

wholethingtolockitselfinanyangle(5),butI'msureIcanusetheknowledgeIgainedonewayor

another.

A.Theprojectwasdemanding

B.Idecidedtogetmyhandsdirtyagain

C.Ifellinlovewiththree-wheelerbikes

D.Iputallthepartstogetherforthefirsttime

E.Ittookmequitesometimetounderstandtheideasbehindit

F.Theenginedrivenconstructionswerealwaysthemostdifficulttofix

D.Theconsequencewasthatthedrivingmechanismlockeditselfoccasionally

16.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.F

G.G

17.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.F

G.G

18.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.F

G.G

19.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.F

G.G

20.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.F

G.G

三、完形填空：本大題共15小題，共15分。

Whiletakinga20-hourtrainridealongtheedgeoftheTaklimakanDesertinnorthwesternChina,Ihadthekind

ofhumbling,educational,andaboveallelse,wonderful(1)withalocalthatalltravelerslongfor.A

youngChineseman(2)meonthetrain.My(3)friendspokevirtuallynoEnglish,soI

happilytookthe(4)topracticemyChinese.

Overseveralhourshewouldtellmeabouthowhehad(5)atwoyearprofessionalschooltoquicklyfind

ajob(6)highwaysinordertohelpsupporthisfamily.Perhapsmost(7).however,wasthe

factthatthismanspenthoursstudyingeverydayafterhardphysicallabor.Withoutbattinganeyehewould(8)

atranslatedEmersonpassagebeforeaskingabouttheliteraryinfluenceofAmerican(9)asa

whole.nAndwhatdoyoualllearnaboutRussianauthors?nI(10)himaskingatonepoint.

Itwouldhavebeeneasyto(11)myassumptionsaboutthishighwaybuilderwhohadneverbeenmore

thanafewhundredmilesfromhome.Butthishighlyinformed,(12),andadmirableperson

preventedmedoingso.Inthecourseofacoupleofhours,he(13)mejusthowmuchonecangainfrom

(14)withanopenmind,andawillingnessto(15)withlocalsfromallwalksoflife.

21.A.experimentB.encounterC.competitionD.appointment

22.A.treatedB.savedC.lecturedD.approached

23.A.trueB.so-calledC.newD.long-lost

24.A.chanceB.adviceC.troubleD.right

25.A.visitedB.financedC.attendedD.founded

26.A.buildingB.sweepingC.checkingD.guarding

27.A.typicalB.obviousC.naturalD.remarkable

28.A.publishB.quoteC.copyD.download

29.A.writersB.historiansC.workersD.students

30.A.anticipateB.imagineC.recallD.catch

31.A.lookintoB.relyonC.gooverD.dealwith

32.A.well-behavedB.multi-skilledC.warm-heartedD.self-educated

33.A.askedB.warnedC.showedD.promised

34.A.travelingB.readingC.searchingD.teaching

35.A.cooperateB.sideC.negotiateD.engage

四、語(yǔ)法填空：本大題共1小題，共15分。

36.TheYinxuMuseumopensinAnyang,Henanprovince,todisplaythebrillianceofthe3,000-year-old

Shangcivilization.

Nearly4,000unearthedculturalrelicsaredisplayedinthemuseum.Morethanthreequartersofthesehavenever

been(1)(public)exhibitedbefore.The23vehiclesunearthedfromYinxuarethe(2)

(highlight)inthenewgalleries.Alsoondisplay(3)(be)Shangrelicscollectedfromacrossthe

restofpresent-dayChina.

TheYinxuRuins,(4)(list)asaUNESCOWorldHeritageSitein2006,hostedalaterperiod

Shangcapitalcity.Thesitealsoproducedrichfindingsof3,300-year-oldbones,(5)(reveal)the

oldest-knownestablishedwritingsystemofChinesecharacters,(6)areextraordinaryandserveasa

vitallinkinthedevelopmentoftheChinesenation.

Manykeybreakthroughs(7)(make)inrecentyearsattheYinxusiteanditssurroundingareas.For

example,(8)urbanroadsystemandtheremainsofanartificiallakeintheroyaltempleareawere

found.

Thesediscoveriesfurtherdisplayedagrandpictureofacapitalcity(9)carriedforwardtheprojectof

trackingtheoriginsoftheChinesecivilization.Throughtheexhibits,thepubliccancomprehensivelyunderstand

theachievementsmadebytheShangDynastyinterms(10)politics,economy,agriculture,military

affairs,amongothers.

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

五、書面表達(dá)：本大題共2小題，共40分。

37.又到鳳凰花開(kāi)時(shí)，又是一年畢業(yè)季。你校英文報(bào)正在舉行以“校園最美瞬間”為主題的征文活動(dòng)，請(qǐng)你按

照以下要點(diǎn)寫一篇短文投稿：

(1)你的回憶；

(2)你的感受。

注意：

(1)寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；

(2)請(qǐng)按如下格式作答。

TheMostBeautifulMomentonCampus

38.EveryOctober,myneighborhoodhasaHalloweencostumecontest.AndeveryOctober,myneighborOllie

andIracetotheannouncementboardintheparktofindoutthetheme.Oneyear,thethemewas"Dressupasyour

favoritebookcharacter."Anotheryear,itwas"Besomethingscary."Butthisyear,thethemewaskindof,

well,themeless.

"Becreative?”Isaid,readingtheannouncementboard."That'snotreallyatheme,isit?”

Olliehoppedoffhisskateboardstogetacloserlook."You'reright,“heagreed.nIthinkmyfavoritethemeever

was'Superheroes'.IlovedmySuper-ForceFlyingEaglescostumesomuch,Ikeptthatthinghanginginmycloset

foryears!"

“Myfavoritethemewas'FarmAnimals'.nIgiggled."RememberhowyouinsistedonbeingaStegosaurus(劍J

龍)？”

"WhenIwasfive,dinosaursweremyworld."Ollielaughed."IwouldhavelovedtoseeaStegosaurusoutgrazing

withthecows."

nNowthat*sthecreativespiritweneedforthischallenge!"Isaid."Maybe,sincewedon'tknowexactlywhatwe

wanttobeyet,weshouldstartbychoosingsomecoolcostume-makingmaterials."

"I'vegotit!"Olliesaid,scoopingupabunchoffallenleaves.

"Really?”Isaid."You'regoingtomakeanentirecostumeoutofleaves?"

nWhynot?"hesaid,scoopingupsomemore.

"They'retotallyfree,andIcanguarantee,noonewillbeatreeasgreatasme."

nDon'tyoumean,atreeasgreataswe?"Igrinned.

"Um,first,thatgrammardoesn'tsoundright,"saidOllie."Andsecond,noway!Thinkofyourowncreative

ideas."

"Aw,comeon,"Isaid."YoushouldbeflatteredthatIlikeyourideasomuch.Plus,Ijustthoughtoftheperfect

waytomakebranches."

Finally,OlliesaidOK.

注意：

(1)續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；

(2)請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

Paragraph1：

Weendedupfillingtwojumbobagswithdifferentkindsofleaves.

Paragraph2：

Thenthebigmomentcame.___

答案和解析

1~3.【答案】C、A、C

【解析】（1）C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Whataretherequirements?部分的Youshouldhaveagoodcommand

（掌握）ofeitherEnglishorFrench（你應(yīng)該精通英語(yǔ)或法語(yǔ)）可知，申請(qǐng)者必須精通英語(yǔ)或法語(yǔ)。故選

Co

（2）A.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Whatdoyouneedtoprepare?部分的UNESCOwillprovidelimitedinsurance

coverageuptoUSD30,000fortheinternshipperiod（聯(lián)合國(guó)教科文組織將為實(shí)習(xí)期間提供不超過(guò)3萬(wàn)美元

的有限保險(xiǎn)）可知，教科文組織為實(shí)習(xí)期間提供有限的醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)。故選A。

（3）C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的Youshouldhaveyourmotivationletterreadybeforefillingoutthe

applicationform（在填寫申請(qǐng)表之前，你應(yīng)該準(zhǔn)備好你的動(dòng)機(jī)信）可知，在填寫申請(qǐng)表之前，申請(qǐng)人應(yīng)將

動(dòng)機(jī)信放在手邊。故選C。

本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，主要講的是聯(lián)合國(guó)教科文組織的實(shí)習(xí)項(xiàng)目。

做這類題材閱讀理解時(shí)要求考生對(duì)文章通讀一遍，做題時(shí)結(jié)合原文和題目有針對(duì)性的找出相關(guān)語(yǔ)句進(jìn)行仔

細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)選出正確答案。做題時(shí)要在抓住關(guān)鍵句子的基礎(chǔ)上合理的分析才能得出正確答案，切忌

胡亂猜測(cè)，一定要做到有理有據(jù)。

4~7.【答案】B、B、B、C

【解析】（1）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段

Maybeit'sbecausewe'vebecomeusedtobelievingthatonlyabilitieslikeahighI.Q.,

agiftformathematicsoralargevocabularyhavecognitive（認(rèn)知的）value.（也許這是因?yàn)槲覀円呀?jīng)習(xí)慣于

相信，只有高智商、數(shù)學(xué)天賦或大詞匯量等能力才具有認(rèn)知價(jià)值。）和第一段的

"hesimplydidn'tviewhercreativityasanythingspecial.（她只是不認(rèn)為自己的創(chuàng)造力有什么特另ll的。）可

知，一個(gè)擅長(zhǎng)搭樂(lè)高積木的孩子并不是我們習(xí)慣上認(rèn)知的在學(xué)習(xí)方面很有才能的孩子，他有著自己獨(dú)特的

創(chuàng)造力，他的能力很可能被人們低估了。故選B。

（2）詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段

Itshowedmehowimportantitisnottoacceptalabelsomeoneelseputonmeanditallowedmetorealizemyfull

potential.（它告訴我，不接受別人給我的標(biāo)簽是多么重要，它讓我意識(shí)到我的全部潛力。）和第四段

Inhisbook,FramesofMind：TheTheoryofMultipleIntelligences,

hesuggestedthatintelligenceisnotlimitedtoatraditionalinterpretationbutinsteadincludesawiderangeofcogni

tiveabilities.（在他的《思維框架：多元智能理論》一書中，他提出，智能不局限于傳統(tǒng)的解釋，而是包括

廣泛的認(rèn)知能力。）并結(jié)合劃線詞所在句Iwasfortunatetolearnotherwiseatayoungage.（幸運(yùn)的是，我在

很小的時(shí)候就學(xué)會(huì)了otherwise。）可知，作者很小就懂得了智力不是只局限于傳統(tǒng)的學(xué)習(xí)方面的能力，而

是可以用各種能力來(lái)詮釋的。故選B。

（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段Intheearly1980's,HowardGardner,aprominentHarvardresearcher,

pioneeredaconceptof"multipleintelligences".（20世紀(jì)80年代初，哈佛大學(xué)著名研究員HowardGardner率

先提出了"多元智能"的概念。）及在書中闡述的Inhisbook,FramesofMind：

TheTheoryofMultipleIntelligences,

hesuggestedthatintelligenceisnotlimitedtoatraditionalinterpretationbutinsteadincludesawiderangeofcogni

tiveabilities.（在他的《思維框架：多元智能理論》一書中，他提出，智能不局限于傳統(tǒng)的解釋，而是包括

廣泛的認(rèn)知能力。）可知，作者提到HowardGardener的書是為了闡明“多元智能”的概念。

A.Tointroduceanewtopic.弓［入一個(gè)新的話題；B.Toclarifyaconcept.澄清一個(gè)概念；

C.Torecommendthebook.推薦這本書；D.Tosupporthisopinion.來(lái)支持他的觀點(diǎn)。故選B。

（4）標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)最后一段

WhatIloveaboutthemultipleintelligencestheoryisthatitallowsyoutoreframeyourownabilitiesandtalents,

especiallythosethatdon'tnecessarilyfitintoneatacademicboxes.（我喜歡多元智能理論的原因是，它可以讓

你重新構(gòu)建自己的能力和天賦，尤其是那些不一定符合整齊的學(xué)術(shù)框架的能力和天賦。）及

Thisiswhyweshouldcelebrateallofourtalentsandabilities.They'repartofwhatmakesyourindividualbrainso

wonderfulandunique.（這就是為什么我們應(yīng)該贊美我們所有的天賦和能力，它們是讓你的大腦如此美妙和

獨(dú)特的原因之一。）以及全文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要表達(dá)了我們應(yīng)該欣賞和贊美所擁有的各種天賦和能力的

觀點(diǎn)，C.AppreciateYourMultipleIntelligences"欣賞你的多元智能"符合文意。故選C。

本文是一篇記敘文。作者通過(guò)自己的親身經(jīng)歷，表達(dá)了自己的觀點(diǎn)：雖然一個(gè)人智力水平和學(xué)術(shù)成績(jī)很重

要，但這并不能說(shuō)明一切，我們應(yīng)該欣賞和贊美我們所擁有的各種天賦和能力，它們是讓我們的大腦如此

美妙和獨(dú)特的原因之一。

一、速讀全文，了解大意知主題。

閱讀能力一般指閱讀速度和理解能力兩個(gè)方面。閱讀速度是閱讀最基本的能力，考生必須在十分有限

的時(shí)間內(nèi)運(yùn)用略讀、掃讀、跳讀等技巧快速閱讀，搜尋關(guān)鍵詞、主題句，捕捉時(shí)空、順序、情節(jié)、人物、

觀點(diǎn)，并且理清文章脈絡(luò)，把握語(yǔ)篇實(shí)質(zhì)。

二、看題干，帶著問(wèn)題讀文章。

首先要掌握問(wèn)題的類型，客觀信息題可以從文章中直接找到答案；而主觀判斷題考查的是對(duì)文章的感

情基調(diào)等，這類題必須經(jīng)過(guò)對(duì)作者的態(tài)度、意圖以及對(duì)整篇文章進(jìn)行深一層的推理等。其次，了解試題題

干以及各個(gè)選項(xiàng)所包含的信息，然后有針對(duì)性地對(duì)文章進(jìn)行掃讀，對(duì)有關(guān)信息進(jìn)行快速定位。此法加強(qiáng)了

閱讀的針對(duì)性，提高了做題的準(zhǔn)確率。

三、邏輯推理，做好深層理解題。

在實(shí)際閱讀中，有時(shí)作者并未把意圖說(shuō)出來(lái)，閱讀者要根據(jù)字面意思，通過(guò)語(yǔ)篇邏輯關(guān)系，研究細(xì)節(jié)

的暗示，推敲作者的態(tài)度，理解文章的寓義。要求讀者對(duì)文字的表面信息進(jìn)行分析、挖掘和邏輯推理，不

能就事論事，以偏概全。推理題在提問(wèn)中常用的詞有：infer,imply,suggest,indicate等。

四、猜詞悟義，掃除閱讀攔路虎。

猜詞是應(yīng)用英語(yǔ)的重要能力。它不但需要準(zhǔn)確無(wú)誤地理解上下文，而且要有較大的泛讀量，掌握或認(rèn)

識(shí)較多的課外詞匯。我們要學(xué)會(huì)“順藤摸瓜"，通過(guò)構(gòu)詞，語(yǔ)法，定義，同位，對(duì)比，因果，常識(shí)，上下文

等線索確定詞義。

8~11.【答案】A、D、C、C

【解析】（1）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中WhenAmericananthropologistColinTurnbullpublishedThe

MountainPeoplein1972,hereferredtohissubjects一aUgandangroupcalledtheIk一as"thelovelesspeople."

（當(dāng)美國(guó)人類學(xué)家ColinTurnbull在1972年出版TheMountainPeople時(shí)，他把他的研究對(duì)象——一個(gè)叫做

Ik的烏干達(dá)群體一一稱為“無(wú)愛(ài)的人”）可知，Turnbull認(rèn)為Ik人很無(wú)情，故選A。

（2）詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段末句Butherteamrevealedthatdespitelivingunderpressure,theIkplaceda

highvalueonhelpingoneanotherwhentheycould.（但她的團(tuán)隊(duì)透露，盡管生活在壓力之下，但I(xiàn)k人非常重

視在可能的情況下互相幫助）及劃線詞下文Itwasassumedthatpeoplearedesignedtoonlydothingstohelp

themselvesortheirrelatives.（人們被認(rèn)為只會(huì)做有利于自己或親人的事情）可知?jiǎng)澗€詞所在句意為"Aktipis

認(rèn)為，利他主義比進(jìn)化社會(huì)科學(xué)長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)認(rèn)為的更為普遍和有益”，altruism意為”關(guān)心他人的需求和幸福

"oA.Tryingtobestrongandtoughtosurvive.努力變得堅(jiān)強(qiáng)和堅(jiān)韌來(lái)生存；B.Makingfulluseofthe

surroundingresources.充分利用周邊資源；C.Beingdevotedtothemselvesortheirrelatives.對(duì)他們自己或他們

的親屬忠誠(chéng)；D.Caringabouttheneedsandhappinessofothers.關(guān)心他人的需求和幸福。故選D。

（3）段落大意題。根據(jù)第三段TheMaasaipeopleinKenyaprovideoneoftheproject'smainpoints.Theyrely

ontwo-wayfriendshipsforresourceslikefoodorwaterwhenthey'reinneed,withoutexpectingany

repayment.Also,aworldaway,inNewMexico,whilefolksoftenhelptransportcattleandreceivesupportin

return,theywillassistwithoutrepaymentifsomeonefacesdifficulties,suchasaninjuryorthedeathofaloved

one.（肯尼亞的馬賽人提供了該項(xiàng)目的主要觀點(diǎn)之一。當(dāng)他們需要食物或水等資源時(shí)，他們依靠雙向友

誼，而不期望任何回報(bào)。另外，在另一個(gè)世界的新墨西哥州，雖然人們經(jīng)常幫助運(yùn)輸牲畜并獲得支持作為

回報(bào)，但如果有人遇到困難，比如親人受傷或死亡，他們會(huì)無(wú)償提供幫助）可知，本段旨在通過(guò)兩個(gè)例子

表明，合作是一種良好而自然的本能，故選C。

（4）推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中Aktipisbelievestheoreticalframeworksshe'sperfectedthroughstudying

thesegroupscanapplybroadlytoanyinterdependentsystems.Herbiggoalistodesignsocial-servicesystemsthat

supporteveryone.Takemarket-basedinsuranceintheUnitedStatesasanexample：It*spricedbasedonindividual

riskfactorssuchashealthhistoriesandwherepeoplelive,whichmeansmillionsofAmericanscan*taffordit.But

inasystembuiltonneighboring,pooled（合并）costswouldleveltheburdenduringcollectivehardshiplike

naturaldisastersandpandemics.（Aktipis認(rèn)為，她通過(guò)研究這些群體而完善的理論框架可以廣泛應(yīng)用于任何

相互依賴的系統(tǒng)。她的大目標(biāo)是設(shè)計(jì)支持所有人的社會(huì)服務(wù)系統(tǒng)。以美國(guó)基于市場(chǎng)的保險(xiǎn)為例：它的定價(jià)

基于個(gè)人風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素，如健康史和人們居住的地方，這意味著數(shù)百萬(wàn)美國(guó)人負(fù)擔(dān)不起。但在一個(gè)建立在相鄰

基礎(chǔ)上的系統(tǒng)中，在自然災(zāi)害和流行病等集體困難時(shí)期，集中成本將會(huì)拉平負(fù)擔(dān)。）可知，Aktipis打算通

過(guò)建立一個(gè)對(duì)抗集體困難的制度來(lái)應(yīng)用她的發(fā)現(xiàn)，故選C。

這是一篇說(shuō)明文，文章主要講述AthenaAktipis通過(guò)研究一個(gè)烏干達(dá)群體Ik人發(fā)現(xiàn)，他們非常重視互相幫

助，Aktipis認(rèn)為利他主義比進(jìn)化社會(huì)科學(xué)長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)認(rèn)為的更為普遍和有益，可以通過(guò)合作建立一個(gè)對(duì)抗集

體困難的制度。

一、速讀全文，了解大意知主題。

閱讀能力一般指閱讀速度和理解能力兩個(gè)方面。閱讀速度是閱讀最基本的能力，考生必須在十分有限的

時(shí)間內(nèi)運(yùn)用略讀、掃讀、跳讀等技巧快速閱讀，搜尋關(guān)鍵詞、主題句，捕捉時(shí)空、順序、情節(jié)、人物、觀

點(diǎn)，并且理清文章脈絡(luò)，把握語(yǔ)篇實(shí)質(zhì)。

二、看題干，帶著問(wèn)題讀文章。

首先要掌握問(wèn)題的類型，客觀信息題可以從文章中直接找到答案；而主觀判斷題考查的是對(duì)文章的感情

基調(diào)等，這類題必須經(jīng)過(guò)對(duì)作者的態(tài)度、意圖以及對(duì)整篇文章進(jìn)行深一層的推理等。其次，了解試題題干

以及各個(gè)選項(xiàng)所包含的信息，然后有針對(duì)性地對(duì)文章進(jìn)行掃讀，對(duì)有關(guān)信息進(jìn)行快速定位。此法加強(qiáng)了閱

讀的針對(duì)性，提高了做題的準(zhǔn)確率。

三、邏輯推理，做好深層理解題。

在實(shí)際閱讀中，有時(shí)作者并未把意圖說(shuō)出來(lái)，閱讀者要根據(jù)字面意思，通過(guò)語(yǔ)篇邏輯關(guān)系，研究細(xì)節(jié)的

暗示，推敲作者的態(tài)度，理解文章的寓義。要求讀者對(duì)文字的表面信息進(jìn)行分析、挖掘和邏輯推理，不能

就事論事，以偏概全。推理題在提問(wèn)中常用的詞有：infer,imply,suggest,indicate等。

四、猜詞悟義，掃除閱讀攔路虎。

猜詞是應(yīng)用英語(yǔ)的重要能力。它不