2021高考英語一輪總復(fù)習(xí)第一部分教材知識梳理Unit13People課件北師大版必修5

必修5Unit13

People重點短語重點句型重點單詞1.assessmentn.評估;評價self-assessmentn.自我評估assessvt.評估;評價assessableadj.可估價的;可征收的2.strengthn.力量;優(yōu)點,長處strengthenvt.加強;鞏固3.weaknessn.弱點,缺點weakenvt.&vi.(使)削弱;(使)變?nèi)鮳eakadj.弱的;無力的;差的4.appropriatelyadv.適當(dāng)?shù)?.passiveadj.被動的;消極的active(反義詞)adj.積極的,活躍的

重點短語重點句型重點單詞6.concentratevi.集中(思想、注意力等)concentrationn.集中;專心7.previousadj.先前的;以前的,過去的8.positiveadj.積極的negative(反義詞)adj.消極的9.associatevt.聯(lián)系;聯(lián)想

vi.交往associationn.協(xié)會,社團;聯(lián)合10.connectionn.連接;聯(lián)系connectvt.連接,聯(lián)合connectedadj.連接的,有關(guān)系的,有聯(lián)系的11.accuratelyadv.正確無誤地,準(zhǔn)確地accurateadj.精確的,準(zhǔn)確的accuracyn.精確(性)重點短語重點句型重點單詞12.determinevt.&vi.決定,確定;判決determinationn.決定,決心13.descriptionn.描述;形容describevt.描述;形容14.deservevt.應(yīng)受;應(yīng)得;值得15.mistakenadj.弄錯的;錯誤的mistaken.錯誤,過失,誤解vt.&vi.弄錯16.possibilityn.可能,可能性possibleadj.可能的;合理的17.accusevt.指責(zé),譴責(zé);指控18.personalityn.個性,性格personaladj.個人的,私人的personalizevt.使個性化

重點短語重點句型重點單詞19.independentadj.自主的;獨立的

independencen.獨立,自主20.desiren.&vi.渴望,欲望

vt.想要;要求desiredadj.渴望的;想得到的21.satisfactionn.滿足,滿意satisfyvt.使?jié)M意,滿足

vi.令人滿意satisfactoryadj.令人滿意的22.requirementn.要求requirevt.要求;需要23.upsetadj.不安的,不快的

vi.打翻

vt.使煩惱;擾亂24.Reliefn.減輕;寬慰,安心relievevt.解除;緩解

重點短語重點句型重點單詞25.allergicadj.過敏的26.anxietyn.焦慮,憂慮anxiousadj.焦急的;渴望的27.gratefuladj.感激的,感謝的gratefulnessn.感謝28.guiltyadj.內(nèi)疚的;有罪的guiltn.有罪,犯罪;內(nèi)疚29.alikeadj.相像的30.devotevt.獻身于,專心致志于devotionn.獻身,奉獻devotedadj.獻身的;忠誠的

重點短語重點句型重點單詞1.concentrateon集中注意力于……2.beassociatedwith與……有關(guān)3.talkodoingsth.說服某人做某事4.drawup起草5.bemistakenin誤認(rèn)為6.accusesb.of

指控某人……7.beindependentof獨立于……8.showsatisfactionwith/besatisfiedwith對……滿意9.findfaultwith挑剔;挑毛病10.toone’srelief

讓某人感到寬慰的是11.beallergicto對……過敏12.glareat怒視

重點短語重點句型重點單詞13.begratefulto感激……14.can’thelpdoingsth.禁不住要做某事15.devoteoneselfto致力于……;獻身于……16.evenif/eventhough即使17.intermsof在……方面;就……而言18.ifanything如果有什么不同的話

重點短語重點句型重點單詞1.薩洛維教授以自己的學(xué)術(shù)研究為依據(jù),認(rèn)為預(yù)測一個人未來的成功,其性格(可用EQ來測量),實際上比其智力的作用更為重要。Supportedbyhisacademicresearch,ProfessorSaloveysuggeststhatwhenpredictingsomeone’sfuturesuccess,their

character,asmeasuredbyEQtests,mightactuallymattermorethantheirIQ.2.另一方面,毫無疑問,低情商的人經(jīng)常在與別人相處和處理困難形勢時存在問題……Ontheotherhand,thereislittledoubtthatpeoplewithlowEQsoftenhaveproblemsgettingonwithotherpeopleanddealingwithdifficultsituations...3.也可能他們自己探路,卻在返回隊伍時迷了路。Ortheycouldhavegoneexploringontheirownandlosttheirwaybacktothegroup.4.第一次遇到我最好的朋友那天,我的心情特別焦慮。ThedaythatImetmybestfriendforthefirsttime,Iwasfullofanxiety.Success

comes

with

a

high

EQMoststudentsfeelthattheirIQiswhatdetermineshowwelltheyaregoingtodoinlife.Theybelievethatotherstudents1.whodobetterthanthemusuallyhaveahigherIQand2.thattheycandonothingtochangethefact.3.However,ProfessorSalovey,theinventorofthetermEQ,holdstheoppositeopinion.Hegivesthefollowing4.description(describe):Atwork,IQgetsyouhired,butEQgetsyoupromoted.5.Supported(support)byhisresearch,hesuggeststhataperson’sEQmightmattermorethanhisIQinhisfuturesuccess.ProfessorMayer6.isrecognized(recognize)asaleadingexpertinthestudyofchangestopeople’sEQs.Hehasdonearesearch7.onseniorhighschoolstudents.Theresultshowsthatthenormalstudentswhomakefriendswith8.disabled(able)studentsaremorehelpfulandhaveaunderstandingofthedisabledstudents’

feelings.Thedisabledstudentsalsobecomemorepositiveaboutlife.Therefore,toleadahappyandsuccessfullife9.requires(require)ahighEQ—thehigherthe10.better(good).

重點短語重點句型重點單詞?concentratevi.集中(思想、注意力等)Excitement

makes

you

pay

attention

and

concentrate

on

what

you

are

studying.興奮會使你集中注意力并專心于你所學(xué)習(xí)的內(nèi)容。(教材原句P5)◆常見用法concentrate

on

(doing)

sth.專心于(做)某事concentrate

one’s

attention/efforts...on/upon

sth.集中某人的注意力/努力……于某事Ican’tconcentrateonmyworkwhenI’mtired.我累的時候就無法集中精力工作。

Heconcentratedhisattentiononthequestionoftechnology.他將注意力全都集中在技術(shù)問題上。

重點短語重點句型重點單詞◆詞義辨析1.concentrate強調(diào)人類為達到目的而采用的技巧和方法以及為此所做出的努力。Theconfusingmattersmakehimunabletoconcentrateonhisstudy.那么多煩心事使他無法專心學(xué)習(xí)。2.focus側(cè)重指把光、熱、射線等集中于一點,也可指把思想或精力等集中于某人或某事情上。Hefocusedthesun’srayonapieceofpaperwithaburning-glass.他用取火鏡將太陽光線聚集在紙上。3.centralize則用于那些能集中又能分散的事或物,尤指集中權(quán)力等。Sheistryingtocentralizeallpowerintoherownhands.她力圖把所有權(quán)力集中在自己手中。重點短語重點句型重點單詞◆現(xiàn)學(xué)活用用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~填空1.Youmustconcentrateallyourenergieson/uponthestudyofEnglish.2.Hewasseatedinasofawithhisattentionfocusedon/uponabook.重點短語重點句型重點單詞?associatevt.聯(lián)想;聯(lián)系;聯(lián)合

vi.交往

n.同伴,伙伴So,if

you

learn

an

unusual

word,

associate

it

with

similar

sounding

words

that

you

already

know

and

it

will

be

easier

to

remember.因此,如果你學(xué)了一個特殊的詞,將它與你所知道的近音詞聯(lián)系起來,這樣它就好記多了。(教材原句P5)◆常見用法associate

with

sb.與某人交往,與某人打交道associate...with...把……和……聯(lián)系在一起be

associated

with...和……有關(guān),與……相聯(lián)系Youmustbearitinmindthatyoushouldneverassociatewithbadcompanions.你必須要牢記千萬別和壞人交往。

Inthechildren’smindssummerisassociatedwithpicnics.在孩子的心中,夏天是和野餐聯(lián)系在一起的。

重點短語重點句型重點單詞◆拓展延伸association

n.聯(lián)合;聯(lián)想;交往;協(xié)會;團體in

association

with...與……合作;在……的幫助下◆現(xiàn)學(xué)活用用associate的適當(dāng)形式填空1.Thecancerrisksassociatedwithsmokinghavebeenwelldocumented.2.Weareworkinginassociationwithalocalcompanytoraisemoneyforthehomeless.重點短語重點句型重點單詞?determinevt.(使)下決心,(使)做出決定

vi.決定,確定Even

if

they

never

see

their

results,they

feel

that

their

IQ

is

what

determines

how

well

they

are

going

to

do

in

life.即使永遠(yuǎn)看不到自己的測驗結(jié)果,他們?nèi)匀挥X得是智商決定了他們在將來生活中的發(fā)展?fàn)顩r。(教材原句P8)◆常見用法determine

to

do

sth.決定做某事(強調(diào)動作)determine

on/upon

sth.下決心做某事Hehasdeterminedtoproposeanewmethod.他決定要提議一個新方法。

Havethecommitteedeterminedonacourseofaction?委員會是否已決定了行動方針?

重點短語重點句型重點單詞◆拓展延伸1.determined

adj.堅定的,毅然的be

determined

to

do

sth.決定做某事(強調(diào)狀態(tài))2.determination

n.決心,決定Hewasdeterminedtofaceitout.他決心把這事堅持到底。重點短語重點句型重點單詞◆詞義辨析1.determine指經(jīng)過詢問、研討和考慮之后,在幾種可能的選擇之中做出決定。Wehavedeterminedtogettheworkdoneaheadofschedule.我們已經(jīng)決定要提前完成這項工作。2.decide指決心做某一件事而不動搖。ShedecidedtoleavehereonSundayinsteadofMonday.她決定星期日而不是星期一離開這里。3.在表示“決定”或“確定”時,二者基本可以互換,但decide更正式一些。4.在句型轉(zhuǎn)換時,bedetermined/decidedby?？梢杂脕泶鎑ependon/relyon/counton。重點短語重點句型重點單詞◆現(xiàn)學(xué)活用1.句型轉(zhuǎn)換SunYang’ssuccessinswimmingdependsonhiseffortsandgift.→SunYang’ssuccessinswimmingisdetermined/decidedbyhiseffortsandgift.

2.用括號中所給單詞的正確形式填空J(rèn)acklefthishometown,determined(determine)nevertocomebackagain.重點短語重點句型重點單詞?deservevt.應(yīng)得;值得For

example,have

you

ever

wondered

why

some

of

the

smartest

students

in

your

class,who

you

think

deserve

good

grades,sometimes

end

up

failing

exams?例如,你是否想過為什么班里有些最聰明的學(xué)生,你以為他們能夠得高分,結(jié)果有時卻考不及格呢?(教材原句P8)◆常見用法deserve

sth.值得某物deserve

to

do值得做……deserve

doing/to

be

done值得做……,應(yīng)該做……sb.deserves

it活該;罪有應(yīng)得重點短語重點句型重點單詞Onegoodturndeservesanother.善有善報。

Thesepeopledeservetomakemorethantheminimumwage.這些人應(yīng)該得到高于最低工資的報酬。

Youdeservehavingarestafterallthathardwork.辛苦勞累那么久,你該休息一下了。

◆特別提醒1.deserve意為“值得,得到”時,一般不用現(xiàn)在進行時。2.deserve

doing是主動形式表被動含義。有相似用法的動詞還有need,want,require等。Your

suggestion

deserves

considering.你的建議值得考慮?！衄F(xiàn)學(xué)活用根據(jù)括號中所給的漢語意思填空1.Shedeservesareward(應(yīng)得到獎賞)forherefforts.

2.Whatyouhavedonedeservestobepraised/praising(值得表揚).

重點短語重點句型重點單詞?accusevt.指責(zé),譴責(zé);控告Accused

of

stealing

money,the

man

was

brought

to

court.那個男人因被指控偷錢而上了法庭。(教材原句P9)◆常見用法accuse

sb./sth.for...因……而指責(zé)某人/事accuse

sb.of

(doing)

sth.指責(zé)/控告某人(做)某事be

accused

of...被指控……Manoftenaccusesnatureforhisownmisfortune.人常因自己的不幸而責(zé)怪老天。Theyaccusedtheirgovernmentofbetrayingtheinterestsofthepeople.他們譴責(zé)政府出賣民族利益。

Hewasaccusedofmurder.他被指控犯了謀殺罪。

重點短語重點句型重點單詞◆詞義辨析1.accuse指正式或非正式、官方或個人的指控,常與介詞of連用。Weaccusedhimoftakingbribes.我們控告他受賄。2.charge多指正式的控告,側(cè)重“使承擔(dān)責(zé)任”,與介詞with搭配。Thepolicechargedthedriverwithcarelessdriving.警察指控那個司機粗心駕駛?！衄F(xiàn)學(xué)活用單句改錯1.Thesoldierwaschargedofrunningawaywhentheenemyattacked.(of改為with)2.Hisneighboraccusedhimforplayingthemusicalinstrumenttooloudly.(for改為of)重點短語重點句型重點單詞?desiren.渴望,欲望

vi.渴望,期望

vt.想要;要求◆常見用法1.have

a

desire

for

sth.渴望得到某物have

a

desire

to

do

sth.渴望做某事meet/satisfy

one’s

desire

滿足某人的愿望have

a

desire

that

sb.(should)

do

sth.希望某人做某事2.desire

to

do

sth.渴望做某事desire

sb.to

do

sth.希望某人做某事desire

that...(should)

do...希望……重點短語重點句型重點單詞Ihadastrongdesiretohelpandcareforpeople.我有一種強烈的幫助和關(guān)心別人的愿望。

TheygreatlydesiredtocometoChina.他們非常想到中國來。

Shedesiresthatitshouldnotbementionedforthepresent.她希望暫時不要再提此事了。

◆詞義辨析desire,hope,want,wish都含有“想,希望”的意思。其區(qū)別如下:1.desire和hope多指可以達到的事;wish通常用于難以實現(xiàn)或達到的事,也可表示祈愿。2.desire,hope和wish后均可接從句或不定式作賓語;desire和wish后接that從句一般用虛擬語氣;desire和wish后可接復(fù)合賓語;hope用作不及物動詞時常接of或for引起的短語。3.desire在語氣上比wish更強烈、更莊重,且很少用于口語。

重點短語重點句型重點單詞◆現(xiàn)學(xué)活用用括號中所給單詞的正確形式填空1.Idesireyoutoset(set)toworkatonce.

2.Hedesiresthatwe(should)go(go)therewithhimtomorrow.重點短語重點句型重點單詞?upsetadj.不安的,不快的

vi.打翻

vt.使煩惱;擾亂Their

friends

are

really

upset

and

have

been

waiting

anxiously

for

more

news.他們的朋友十分難過,而且在焦急地等待更多的消息。(教材原句P12)◆常見用法1.be

upset

about/over/at

sth.為某事心煩be

upset

to

do

sth.(因)做某事而不安be

upset

that...……讓人心煩2.upset

oneself

about

sth.某人為某事而煩惱It

upset(s)

sb.to

do

sth.做某事讓某人煩惱It

upset(s)

sb.that...讓某人煩惱的是……重點短語重點句型重點單詞Sheisreallyupsetovernotfindingajob.找不到工作她很煩惱。

ItupsetsusthatJackcheatedintheEnglishexam.杰克在英語考試中作弊了,這讓我們很難過。

◆現(xiàn)學(xué)活用用upset的正確形式填空Thegirlissittingatthedinningtablewhileaflyisalwaysupsetting

her.Sheissoupsetthatsheupsetstheglassofwaterinfrontofher.重點短語重點句型重點單詞?reliefn.減輕;寬慰It’ll

be

a

real

relief

when

they’re

found.只有找到他們才能松一口氣。(教材原句P12)◆常見用法relief

from

減輕;解除with

relief

輕松地to

one’s

relief

使某人寬慰的是Hearingthenews,hesighedwithrelief.聽到消息,他松了口氣。

Muchtomyrelief,Ifoundmylostkeys.令我十分寬慰的是,我找到了丟失的鑰匙。

重點短語重點句型重點單詞◆拓展延伸relieve

vt.解除;減輕,緩和relieve

from

使從(不愉快的境況)中解脫出來relieve

of

解除(負(fù)擔(dān)、困難等)Apart-timejobwillrelieveyouoftheburdenofdailycosts.一份兼職將使你擺脫日?；ㄤN的負(fù)擔(dān)。◆現(xiàn)學(xué)活用單項填空(2012·江蘇高考)—Don’tworry,Mom.Thedoctorsaiditwasonlytheflu.—

!I’lltellDadthere’snothingserious.(A)

A.Whatarelief B.CongratulationsC.Howsurprising D.I’msosorry重點短語重點句型重點單詞?devotevt.獻身;專心于But

after

35

years

of

marriage,I

know

they’re

great

companions

and

are

devoted

to

each

other.但是我知道,歷經(jīng)35年的婚姻生活,他們是最好的伴侶,忠誠于彼此。(教材原句P17)

◆常見用法devote

sth.to

(doing)

sth.把時間(錢、精力等)用于(做)某事devote

oneself

to

(doing)

sth.獻身于/致力于……Afterhegraduatedhecontinuedtodevotehimselftoresearch.畢業(yè)之后他繼續(xù)致力于研究工作。

Hedevotedhimselftohelpingthepoor.他致力于幫助窮人。

Hehasdevotedhiswholelifetobenefitingmankind.他把一生都獻給了造福人類的事業(yè)。

重點短語重點句型重點單詞◆拓展延伸1.devotion

n.奉獻;忠誠;專心devotion

to

對……的忠誠/關(guān)愛2.devoted

adj.忠實的;深愛的be

devoted

to

(doing)

sth.獻身于/專心于……Hewasstilldevotedtothestudyofchemistry.他仍致力于化學(xué)研究。Thestudentsaredevotedtotheirstudies.學(xué)生們專心于學(xué)習(xí)?！衄F(xiàn)學(xué)活用單句填空1.Weappreciatedhisdevotion(devote)oftimeandmoneytotheproject.2.Thewomanscientistwassobusythatshecouldhardlydevotetimetoherchildren.3.Hedevotedhiswholelifetodoing(do)scientificresearch.重點短語重點句型重點單詞?talk

o

doing

sth.說服某人做某事Go

and

see

your

teacher

and

try

to

talk

him

or

her

into

giving

you

a

better

grade.去找你的老師,盡力說服他或她給你更好的分?jǐn)?shù)。(教材原句P8)◆拓展延伸1.talk

sb.out

of

(doing)

sth.說服某人不做某事talk

of

談到,提及2.argue/persuade

o

doing

sth.說服某人做某事force

o

doing

sth.迫使某人做某事terrify

o

doing

sth.威脅某人做某事frighten

o

doing

sth.嚇唬某人做某事cheat/trick/fool

o

doing

sth.欺騙某人做某事

重點短語重點句型重點單詞Atlast,Italkedmyfatheroutofsmoking.最終,我說服爸爸戒煙了。Hecouldn’tpersuademeintoacceptinghisterms.他沒能說服我接受他的條件。Hecheatedherintobelievinghimawealthyman.他騙得她相信他是一個富翁?！衄F(xiàn)學(xué)活用單句填空1.Ididn’twanttogo,butmomtalkedmeintogoingtherewithher.2.Theirpovertyforcedtheirchildrenintostealing(steal).重點短語重點句型重點單詞?draw

up

草擬,制定(合同、協(xié)議等);(車子)停下來;使靠近,拖近Draw

up

an

agenda

and

discuss

it

with

the

group.擬定一份議程并和小組討論。(教材原句P8)Thetwocountriesdrewupapeacetreatyafterthewarended.戰(zhàn)爭結(jié)束后兩國簽訂了和平條約。

Drawupyourchairandlet’shaveachat.把椅子拉過來,我們聊聊。

◆拓展延伸draw

back

后退,退縮;撤回,收回draw

near

靠近,臨近draw

on/upon

憑借,使用draw

one’s

attention

吸引某人的注意力draw

a

conclusion

得出結(jié)論

重點短語重點句型重點單詞Itmayalreadybetoolatetodrawback.現(xiàn)在收回諾言或許為時太晚了。Asautumndrawsnear,leavesbegintofallfromthetrees.秋天來了,樹葉開始凋落。IshallhavetodrawonthemoneyIhavesavedtopayfortheholiday.我不得不動用我存的錢來支付度假的費用。◆現(xiàn)學(xué)活用用draw的相關(guān)短語完成句子1.讓我們簽一份合同吧,以使我們的關(guān)系更加緊密。Let’sdrawupacontractandmakeourrelationshipcloser.

2.那天她那奇怪的發(fā)型引起了我的注意。Herstrangehairstyledrewmyattentionthatday.

重點短語重點句型重點單詞?in

terms

of

根據(jù);在……方面;就……而言Some

are

trying

to

study

the

possibility

of

improving

a

person’s

EQ,especially

in

terms

of

“people

skills”,such

as

understanding

and

communication.有些(科學(xué)家)正在嘗試研究提高一個人的情商的可能性,特別是在“人際方面”,例如理解能力和交際能力。(教材原句P9)◆拓展延伸in

any

term

無論如何come

to

terms

(with)

與……達成協(xié)議on

equal

terms

不相上下on

good/bad

terms

with

與某人關(guān)系良好/不好in

the

short/long

term

從短期/長遠(yuǎn)來看

重點短語重點句型重點單詞◆現(xiàn)學(xué)活用根據(jù)所給漢語意思用term的相關(guān)短語完成句子1.Intermsofwhatarementionedabove(綜上所述),wecanneverprotecttheenvironmenttoomuch.

2.Inthelongterm/run(從長遠(yuǎn)看),oneshouldsavemoneyforemergencies.

重點短語重點句型重點單詞?if

anything

如果有什么不同的話If

anything,it

made

me

even

angrier.這反而使我更生氣了。(教材原句P14)◆常見用法if

anything用來表達無把握的看法,或用于否定的話語之后,表示所說的是反話。What,if

anything,needstobedone?如果能做點什么的話,應(yīng)該做什么呢?I’dsayhewasmorelikehisfather,ifanything.若非要說出他像誰,我倒認(rèn)為他更像他父親?！敉卣寡由靑f

any“若有的話”,起加強語氣的作用。if

ever“如果有過的話”,其作用是緩和語氣。Veryfew,if

any,willreadeverywordofyourreportfromstarttofinish.幾乎很少有人會把您的報告從頭到尾無一遺漏地讀完。Sheseldom,if

ever,goestothecinema.她難得看電影。

重點短語重點句型重點單詞◆現(xiàn)學(xué)活用完成句子1.—HaveyoubeentotheGreatWall?—Perhapsnotinmymemory.Ifever(如果去過的話),itmighthavebeenduringmyearlychildhood.

2.Hedidn’tgivemeahandwhenIwasintrouble.Ifanything(反而),hebroughtmemoretrouble.

重點短語重點句型重點單詞?can’t

help

doing

sth.情不自禁做某事I

couldn’t

help

laughing

at

this

and

I

invited

her

back

to

my

apartment

for

a

quick

cup

of

tea.聽了這話,我禁不住笑了,并邀請她去我家喝了一杯茶。(教材原句P14)◆拓展延伸can’t

help

(to)

do

sth.不能幫忙做某事cannot

help

but

do

情不自禁做某事cannot

but

do

sth.不得不,不由得I’msorrythatIcan’thelpdothecleaningafterschool.抱歉,今天放學(xué)后我不能幫忙大掃除。Wecannothelpbutadmirehiscourage.我們不禁欽佩他的勇氣。Icannotbuttellhimthetruth.我不得不告訴他實情。

重點短語重點句型重點單詞◆現(xiàn)學(xué)活用單句改錯1.Heissobusyatthemomentthathecan’thelpdoingsomecooking.(doing改為do)2.Shecouldn’thelpcrywhenhearingthatsadnews.(cry改為crying)重點短語重點句型重點單詞?過去分詞的用法Supported

by

his

academic

research,Professor

Salovey

suggests

that

when

predicting

someone’s

future

success,their

character,as

measured

by

EQ

tests,might

actually

matter

more

than

their

IQ.薩洛維教授以自己的學(xué)術(shù)研究為依據(jù),認(rèn)為預(yù)測一個人未來的成功,其性格(可用EQ來測量),實際上比其智力的作用更為重要。(教材原句P8)過去分詞的用法:1.作定語作定語的過去分詞相當(dāng)于形容詞,其邏輯主語就是它所修飾的名詞。及物動詞的過去分詞作定語,既表被動又表完成;不及物動詞的過去分詞作定語,只表完成。

重點短語重點句型重點單詞(1)過去分詞用作定語,如果是單個的,常置于其所修飾的名詞之前。過去分詞短語用作定語時,一般置于其所修飾的名詞之后,其意義相當(dāng)于一個定語從句,但較從句簡潔,多用于書面語中。Wemustadaptourthinkingtothechangedconditions.我們必須使我們的思想適應(yīng)改變了的情況。Theconcertgivenbytheirfriendswasasuccess.他們朋友舉行的音樂會極為成功。(2)過去分詞短語有時也可用作非限制性定語,前后常有逗號。Themeeting,attendedbyoverfivethousandpeople,welcomedthegreathero.他們舉行了歡迎英雄的大會,到會的有五千多人。

重點短語重點句型重點單詞2.作狀語過去分詞作狀語表示被動的和完成的動作。Writteninahurry,thisarticlewasnotsogood.因為寫得匆忙,這篇文章不是很好。(1)過去分詞作狀語時其邏輯主語為主句的主語,此時應(yīng)注意人稱一致。Givenanotherhour,Icanalsoworkoutthisproblem.再給我一個小時,我也能解這道題。(2)過去分詞作狀語時,句子可轉(zhuǎn)換為狀語從句。Caughtinaheavyrain,hewasallwet.=Becausehewascaughtinaheavyrain,hewasallwet.因為淋了一場大雨,所以他全身濕透了。

重點短語重點句型重點單詞3.作賓語補足語能夠接過去分詞作賓補的動詞有以下四類:(1)表示感覺或心理狀態(tài)的動詞,如see,watch,observe,look

at,hear,listen

to,feel,notice,think等。IheardthesongsunginEnglish.我聽過有人用英語唱這首歌。(2)表示“致使”意義的動詞,如have,make,get,keep,leave等。I’llhavemyhaircuttomorrow.明天我要理發(fā)。(3)表示思維活動的動詞,如consider,know,think等。Iconsiderthemattersettled.我認(rèn)為這件事解決了。(4)表示愛憎、意愿的動詞,如want,wish,like,hate等。Iwanttwoticketsreserved.我要預(yù)定兩張機票。4.作表語Thecityissurroundedonthreesidesbymountains.這座城市三面環(huán)山。

重點短語重點句型重點單詞◆特別提醒過去分詞作表語與被動語態(tài)的區(qū)別:過去分詞作表語,主要是表示主語的狀態(tài),而被動語態(tài)則表示動作。The

library

is

now

closed.圖書館關(guān)門了。(過去分詞作表語,表示狀態(tài))The

cup

was

broken

by

my

little

sister

yesterday.茶杯是昨天我小妹打碎的。(被動語態(tài),表示動作)◆現(xiàn)學(xué)活用用括號中所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.Hedidn’twishitmentioned(mention).2.Lost(lose)indeepthought,hedidn’thearthesound.3.Theboylookedupwithasatisfied(satisfy)expression.重點短語重點句型重點單詞?情態(tài)動詞表推測Or

they

could

have

gone

exploring

on

their

own

and

lost

their

way

back

to

the

group.也可能他們自己探路,卻在返回隊伍時迷了路。(教材原句P12)表推測時,英語中只使用must,may,might,maynot和can’t。這五個詞表達的語氣強度依次遞減:must“一定”(語氣肯定),may“也許”(不很肯定),might“或許”(比may語氣弱),maynot“也許不”(表否定),can’t“一定不”(must的反義)。1.推測現(xiàn)在的事情用“must/may/might/maynot/can’t+do/be”。Shemustbeathomenow.她現(xiàn)在肯定在家。2.推測過去的事情用“must/may/might/maynot/can’t+havedone”。Shemighthavebeenillyesterday.她昨天可能生病了。

重點短語重點句型重點單詞◆特別提醒表推測的must,may,might,may

not和can’t不可以與I

think...連用。因為I

think...本身已有推測的含義?！衄F(xiàn)學(xué)活用單項填空1.I

someweight.Look,howloosemypantsare!(B)

A.shouldhavelost B.musthavelostC.mustlose D.shouldlose2.—ThatmanmustbeSarah’shusband.—No,it

beherhusband.Sheisstillsingle.(A)

A.can’t

B.mustn’t

C.maynot D.oughtto重點短語重點句型重點單詞?名詞短語引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句The

day

that

I

met

my

best

friend

for

the

first

time,I

was

full

of

anxiety.第一次遇到我最好的朋友那天,我的心情特別焦慮。(教材原句P14)Thedaythat在此處作連詞,意為“當(dāng)……時,在……的那一天”,其中that可以省略。有類似用法的連詞還有:the+序數(shù)詞+time(that)“當(dāng)?shù)凇螘r”;last/next/every/eachtime(that)“上次/下次/每當(dāng)……時”;bythetime(that)“到……時為止”;themoment/minute/second/instant(that)“一……就……”。ThedaythatIfirstcametothenewschool,Ifeltalittlenervous.當(dāng)我第一次來到新學(xué)校的那一天,我感到有點緊張。Everytime(that)I’mintrouble,Ialwaysturntohimforhelp.每當(dāng)我遇到麻煩時,我總是向他求助。Themoment(that)IgottoNewYork,Igaveaphonecalltomyparents.我一到紐約,就給父母打了電話。

重點短語重點句型重點單詞◆現(xiàn)學(xué)活用單句改錯1.Itistimeforheranswerthequestion.(在answer前加to)2.Hejumpedoffthecouchatthemomentthetelephonerang.(刪除at)3.Itishightimethatthechildrengotobed.(在go前加should或go改為went)一、單句填空1.(2015·湖南高考改編)Itwaswhenwewerereturninghome

Irealizedwhatagoodfeelingitwastohavehelpedsomeoneintrouble.

that。句意:在我們回家的途中我意識到,對處于困境中的人施以援手,這種感覺真好。本句是強調(diào)句型,強調(diào)的是時間狀語從句whenwewerereturninghome。2.(2014·四川高考改編)Obviously,studentsareterribleat

(adjust)theirsleepcyclestotheirdailyschedule.

adjusting。beterribleatdoingsth.為固定搭配,意為“不擅長做某事”。故填adjusting。