福建省廈門市第一中學(xué)2023-2024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期開學(xué)考試英語試題（解析版）

廈門一中2022級(jí)高二年段開學(xué)考試英語第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A.Findaseat.B.Lookforhisbag.C.Pickupaman.2.Howlongwilltheregistrationlast?A.Onehour.B.Oneandahalfhours.C.Onehourandfortyminutes.3.Wherecouldthespeakersmostprobablybe?A.Inaclassroom.B.Inalibrary.C.Inanoffice.4.Whatistheconversationabout?A.Whythetigersharkisscary.B.Whatthetigersharklookslike.C.Howthetigersharkgetsitsname.5.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Hersisterlovesvillages.B.Tommakesamistake.C.Shelikeshersister.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答6、7題。6.Howdoesthewomanfeelaboutmostsports?A.Bored.B.Frightened.C.Excited.7.Whatdoesthewomansuggestdoingfinally?A.Skiing.B.Skating.C.Jogging.聽第7段材料，回答8、9題。8.WhatdidthemandolastSaturday?A.Campedout.B.Joinedaclub.C.Studiedalot.9.Whydopeoplejoin“FlashPlay“?A.Toexperienceacrisis.B.Toearnmoney.C.Tomakefriends.聽第8段材料，回答10至12題。10.WhydoesthewomancallDr.Brown’sOffice?A.Tokeepanappointment.B.Todelayanappointment.C.Tocancelanappointment.11.Whatshouldthewomandotoavoidbeingcharged?A.Calladayinadvance.B.Calltwodaysinadvance.C.Callthreedaysinadvance.12.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A.Shecan’tmeetDoctorBrownforhercatchingabadcold.B.Shewillbechargedfor24dollarsforthedelayedcancelling.C.Shehasmadeanotherappointmentforherunderstanding.聽第9段材料，回答13至16題。13.Whenwillthemangotoseetheperformance?A.Onthe25th.B.Onthe26th.C..Onthe27th.14.WherewillthemangothisSunday?A.Toapostoffice.B.Toatheater.C.Tohiscompany.15.Howmuchwillthemanpayforthetickets?A.15pounds.B.20pounds.C.25pounds.16.Howwillthemangethistickets?A.Thewomanwillsendthemtohim.B.Hisdaughterswillcollectthem.C.Hewillfetchtheminperson.聽第10段材料，回答17至20題。17.Whatdoesthespeakersayaboutprivateschools?A.Theyareusuallysingle-sex.B.Theyhavenorulesaboutclothing.C.Theyhavespecialclassesforeverystudent.18Howlongdotheclassesgenerallylasteveryday?A.About9hours.B.About7hours.C.About5hours.19.Whendoestheschoolyeargenerallystart?A.AtthebeginningofJanuary.B.AtthebeginningofSeptember.C.AtthebeginningofFebruary.20.WhatcanwelearnabouttheeducationsysteminAustralia?A.Everyclassroomhasdifferentagegroups.B.Studentswithproblemsmaybeputintotheaterclasses.C.Theschoolclassesarefollowedbyafter-schoolactivities.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AWanttochooseapicturebooktoenjoy?HerearefourpopularbookssoldonthewebsiteofAmazon,Readandchooseyourfavourite.TheRelativesCamebyCynthiaRylantSomanybeautifulmemoriesarecollectedwhenrelativescometovisit.Joininthefunasafamilygetstogetherforasummertheywillneverforget.Warmandinvitinglanguageaswellaswonderfulpicturesbringsthestoryofthisfamily’ssummerget-togethertolife.AvailablefromAmazon.S11.26JabariJumpsbyGaiaCornwallYouknowthatfeelingwhenyou'reasexcitedasyouarescaredtomakeajump.That'showJabarifeelsabouthisfirstjumpoffthedivingboard.Heknowshowtoswim.Heknowsjumpingoffsurelylooksfun.Butishebraveenoughtomakeajump?Withsomegentleencouragementfromhislovingfather,Jabarijumps.AvailablefromAmazon.$5.56ThereMightBeLobstersbyCarolynCrimiMeetSuki.She'sasmalldogwithabigfearofthebeach.Whenarescueisinorder,Sukisavesthedayprovingthatthere'snothingtofearbutfearitself.Itisaperfectpicturebookforkidswhoareafraidtotrynewexperiences.Itopensthedoortocalmingdialoguesandmessagesofbraveryandvictory.AvailablefromAmazon.$11.84ThreeLittleWordsbyAmyNoveskyDory's"Justkeepswimming!"messageofnevergivingupisperfectforanyonewhohaseverfeltliketheyweredrowningFollowDorytoanunforgettableadventureasshefindsherwayinthisbeautifuladventureoffriendshipandsurvival.AvailablefromAmazon.$12.061.WhatdoweknowaboutTheRelativesCame?A.Ittellsastoryofadventure.B.Itisthecheapestpicturebook.C.It'saboutaboy'smemories.D.It'saboutafamilyget-together.2.Whichbooktellshowtoovercomefearsbyhelpingothers?A.TheRelativesCame.B.JabariJumps.C.ThereMightBeLobsters.D.ThreeLittleWords.3.WhatdoesthebookbyAmyNoveskyinspireitsreaderstodo?A.Learntoswim.B.Nevergiveup.C.Lovetheirfriends.D.Haveanadventure.【答案】1.D2.C3.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇廣告，介紹了亞馬遜網(wǎng)站上銷售的四本暢銷書籍的內(nèi)容、意義和價(jià)格?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheRelativesCamebyCynthiaRylant中“Joininthefunasafamilygetstogetherforasummertheywillneverforget.(一家人聚在一起度過一個(gè)難忘的夏天，一起來享受這一樂趣吧。)和……bringsthestoryofthisfamily’ssummerget-togethertolife.(……將這個(gè)家庭的夏日聚會(huì)故事帶到了生活中。)”可知這本書描寫了家庭團(tuán)聚的美好，是關(guān)于家庭團(tuán)聚的。故選D.【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ThereMightBeLobstersbyCarolynCrimi中“Itisaperfectpicturebookforkidswhoareafraidtotrynewexperiences.Itopensthedoortocalmingdialoguesandmessagesofbraveryandvictory.(對(duì)于害怕嘗試新體驗(yàn)的孩子來說，這是一本完美的圖畫書。它打開了一扇門，讓人們平靜地對(duì)話，傳遞勇敢和勝利的信息。)”可知，這本書能夠幫助孩子們克服恐懼，變得勇敢去取得勝利。故選C.【3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ThreeLittleWordsbyAmyNovesky中“Dory's"Justkeepswimming!"messageofnevergivingup”可知這本書給讀者們傳遞了永不放棄的信息，鼓勵(lì)讀者們不要放棄。故選B.【點(diǎn)睛】細(xì)節(jié)理解題具體方法與步驟如下：1.略讀材料，大概了解原文，掌握中心或主旨。本文是一篇廣告，介紹了亞馬遜網(wǎng)站上銷售的四本暢銷書籍的內(nèi)容、意義和價(jià)格。2.按文章的體裁，作者寫作的組織模式及有關(guān)的信息詞。如forexample,first,second…等預(yù)測(cè)應(yīng)該到何處尋找自己所需要的事實(shí)。3.將精力放在尋找你所需要的細(xì)節(jié)上?？焖偻ㄆx，全文掃視，找到細(xì)節(jié)出處，待找到含細(xì)節(jié)句子時(shí)，放慢速度，仔細(xì)核對(duì)比較內(nèi)容，直至找到答案。如小題1根據(jù)TheRelativesCamebyCynthiaRylant中Joininthefunasafamilygetstogetherforasummertheywillneverforget.和……bringsthestoryofthisfamily’ssummerget-togethertolife.可知這本書描寫了家庭團(tuán)聚的美好，是關(guān)于家庭團(tuán)聚的。小題2根據(jù)ThereMightBeLobstersbyCarolynCrimi中Itisaperfectpicturebookforkidswhoareafraidtotrynewexperiences.Itopensthedoortocalmingdialoguesandmessagesofbraveryandvictory.可知這本書能夠幫助孩子們克服恐懼，變得勇敢去取得勝利。BAPhDstudentinMichigandefendedherpaperwhilewearingaskirtmadeofrejectionlettersshereceivedwhilestudying.29-year-oldCaitlinKirbyprintedout17ofherrejectionletters—fromscholarships,academicjournals,andconferences—thenfoldedeachoneintoafan.Sheconnectedtheminrows,andbytheendshedesignedtheitemintoaskirtandworeit.Shesaidthattheideabehindheruniqueclothingitemcameoutofadesiretonormalizerejectionandtakeprideinovercomingit.“Thewholeprocessofrevisitingthoseoldlettersandmakingthatskirtsortofremindedmethatyouhavetoapplytoalotofthingstosucceed,”shesaid.“Anaturalpartoftheprocessistogetrejectedalongtheway.”Caitlin’sadviser,JulieLibarkin,aprofessorofearthandenvironmentalscienceatMichiganStateUniversity,alsoencouragestheacceptanceoffailureinherstudents.Libarkinbelievesit’simportantforstudentstogetintohabitofapplyingforthings,andtogetusedtothefeelingofrejection,sosheencouragesthemtochaseafteranyopportunitythatcomestheirway.Ifastudentdoesn’tgetthegrantorthespotintheacademicjournal,that’sokay.They’llstillhavelearnedsomethingintheprocess.AsforCaitlin?Herrejectionsovertheyearshaveledtogreatthings:Sinceherdoctorate,she’swonascholarshiptodofurtherresearchonurbanagricultureinGermany.Currently,she’sapost-doctoralresearcherattheUniversityofNebraska-Lincoln.Asforwhatthefutureholds?“I’mpreparedtoreceiveafewmorerejectionlettersalongtheway,”shejokedheartily,“MaybeI’llmakealongerskirt.”4.WhatcanwelearnaboutCaitlinKirby’srejectionletters?A.Shereceived17rejectionsintotal.B.29ofherrejectionswerefromjournals.C.Therejectionswereconnectedintoafan.D.Shemadesomerejectionlettersintoaskirt.5.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeCatlin?A.Creativeandconsiderate. B.Caringanddetermined.C.Optimisticandhumorous. D.Generousandintelligent.6.WhichofthefollowingmayCaitlinagreewith?A.Hardworkpaysoff.B.Educationistheentrancetosuccess.C.Self-respectearnsmorerespect.D.Oneneedstonormalizefailures.7.Whattypeofwritingisthistext?A.Anewsarticle. B.Apersonaldairy.C.Aresearchreview. D.Anadvertisement.【答案】4.D5.C6.D7.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要介紹了29歲的芝加哥的一名博士生JulieLibarkin穿著用自己在學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)收到的拒絕信做成的裙子進(jìn)行論文答辯，以此來告訴大家不要怕被拒絕，要抓住每一次機(jī)會(huì)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“29-year-oldCaitlinKirbyprintedout17ofherrejectionletters—fromscholarships,academicjournals,andconferences—thenfoldedeachoneintoafan.Sheconnectedtheminrows,andbytheendshedesignedtheitemintoaskirtandworeit.(29歲的CaitlinKirby打印了17封拒絕信——有來自獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金、學(xué)術(shù)期刊和會(huì)議的——然后把每一封折疊成一個(gè)扇子。她把它們連成一排，最后把這件衣服設(shè)計(jì)成裙子，然后穿在身上)”可知，CaitlinKirby將收到的拒絕信做成了一件裙子。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“APhDstudentinMichigandefendedherpaperwhilewearingaskirtmadeofrejectionlettersshereceivedwhilestudying.(密歇根的一名博士生在她的論文答辯時(shí)，她穿著一條裙子，裙子是由她在學(xué)習(xí)期間收到的拒絕信做成的)”和最后一段““I’mpreparedtoreceiveafewmorerejectionlettersalongtheway,”shejokedheartily,“MaybeI’llmakealongerskirt.”(“我已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備好再收到幾封拒絕信了，”她由衷地開玩笑說，“也許我會(huì)做一條更長(zhǎng)的裙子?！?”可推知，CaitlinKirby樂觀且幽默。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段““Thewholeprocessofrevisitingthoseoldlettersandmakingthatskirtsortofremindedmethatyouhavetoapplytoalotofthingstosucceed,”shesaid.“Anaturalpartoftheprocessistogetrejectedalongtheway.”(“重新審視那些舊信件和制作那條裙子的整個(gè)過程提醒我，要想成功，你必須嘗試很多事情，”她說?！霸谶@個(gè)過程中，被拒絕是很自然的一部分?！?”可知，Caitlin認(rèn)為人們需要將失敗正?；?。故選D。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“29-year-oldCaitlinKirbyprintedout17ofherrejectionletters—fromscholarships,academicjournals,andconferences—thenfoldedeachoneintoafan.Sheconnectedtheminrows,andbytheendshedesignedtheitemintoaskirtandworeit.(29歲的CaitlinKirby打印了17封拒絕信——有來自獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金、學(xué)術(shù)期刊和會(huì)議的——然后把每一封折疊成一個(gè)扇子。她把它們連成一排，最后把這件衣服設(shè)計(jì)成裙子，然后穿在身上)”可知，文章主要介紹了芝加哥的一名博士生穿著用自己在學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)收到的拒絕信做成的裙子進(jìn)行論文答辯，以此來告訴大家不要怕被拒絕，要抓住每一次機(jī)會(huì)。由此推知，本文是一篇新聞文章。故選A。CIt'sgoodtoshare,right?Growingupaskidswearetoldtoshareourtoysandnotbeselfish.Wealsoliveinanagewherediscussingourfeelingsisencouraged.Butwhendoesitallbecometoomuch?Withnewfashiontrendingallthetime,suchasdancechallengesandwearingapillowasadress,thequestionis:whencansharingbecomeoversharingonsocialmedia?Whatisoversharing?Thetermhasbecomeassociatedwithsocialmedia,butitdoesn'tonlybelongtothisplatform.Imagineyouheadtoapartyandyoumeetsomeone.Withinfiveminutestheyhavegivenawaydetailsabouttheirpersonallife.Whilesomeofusmaytrytoescapethesepeople,accordingtomarriagetherapistCarolynCole,thisformofoversharingcouldcomefromastrongdesiretoconnectwithsomeone.Buthowdoesthistranslatetosocialmedia?Dr.ChristopherHand,alecturerininternetpsychology,saysthemoredetailspeopledisclose,thelesssympathyweexpresswhenthingsgowrong.Thiscouldbeduetoabeliefthatweattractourownnegativeexperiencesthemorewesharethem.Itseemsthattheideaofsearchingforsympathybyoversharing,isgenerallyviewedasnegativeratherthanthecryforhelpitcouldactuallybe.However,DrHand'sresearchalsoseemstosuggestthatthemorepositivepostsweshareonaplatform,themoresociallyattractivewebecome.Evenbackin2015,GwendolynSeidmanPhD,saidthatweshouldavoidcomplainingandbeingnegativeonline.Wearesupposednottoshowoff,asit'snowknown—especiallyaboutourlovelives.Itmakessense—ifyourdateisgoing'thatwell',wouldyoureallyhavetimetoshareaphotowithtext?So,howcanyouknowifyouareoversharing?Well,whynotaskyourfriendsinreallife.Theywouldprobablybemorethanhappytotellyouifyourpostsaboutyourbreakfastoryourcomplaintaboutyourlackofmoneyreallyaretoomuch.8.Whydosomepeopletrytoovershareatparties?A.Becausetheywanttocatchothers'attention.B.Becausetheyjustwanttoshowoffsomething.C.Becausetheyhaveastrongdesiretopourouttheiremotions.D.Becausetheymayexpecttomakeaconnectionwithsomeone.9.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordinPara.3mean?A.explore B.expose C.display D.discuss10.Whatcanweknowfromthepassage?A.Wewillbecomemoresociallyattractiveifwepostmoreonaplatform.B.Wetendtoshowsympathywhenthingsgowrong.C.Wemaybeconsiderednegativewhenseekingforsympathybyoversharing.D.Wecanshowoffsomethingpositiveespeciallyaboutourlovelives.11.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Toinform. B.Toinspire. C.Toadvertise. D.Tocondemn.【答案】8.D9.B10.C11.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了如今社交媒體上的“過度分享”現(xiàn)象，有人指出有些人在聚會(huì)上過度分享，是因?yàn)樗麄兛赡芷谕c某人建立聯(lián)系。但是通過過度分享來尋求同情的想法，似乎通常被認(rèn)為是消極的。早在2015年，GwendolynSeidman博士就說過，我們應(yīng)該避免在網(wǎng)上抱怨和消極，也不應(yīng)該炫耀，尤其是我們的愛情生活?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Whilesomeofusmaytrytoescapethesepeople,accordingtomarriagetherapistCarolynCole,thisformofoversharingcouldcomefromastrongdesiretoconnectwithsomeone.(根據(jù)婚姻治療師CarolynCole的說法，雖然我們中的一些人可能試圖逃離這些人，但這種形式的過度分享可能來自與某人建立聯(lián)系的強(qiáng)烈愿望)”可知，有些人在聚會(huì)上過度分享，是因?yàn)樗麄兛赡芷谕c某人建立聯(lián)系。故選D?！?題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫線詞后文“thelesssympathyweexpresswhenthingsgowrong”以及“Itseemsthattheideaofsearchingforsympathybyoversharing,isgenerallyviewedasnegativeratherthanthecryforhelpitcouldactuallybe.”可知，通過過度分享來尋求同情的想法，似乎通常被認(rèn)為是消極的，所以人們暴露給他人的細(xì)節(jié)越多，越不容易得到同情。畫線詞意思為“暴露”。A.explore探索；B.expose暴露；C.display顯示；D.discuss討論。故選B?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Itseemsthattheideaofsearchingforsympathybyoversharing,isgenerallyviewedasnegativeratherthanthecryforhelpitcouldactuallybe.(通過過度分享來尋求同情的想法，似乎通常被認(rèn)為是消極的，而不是被認(rèn)為是在求助)”可知，當(dāng)我們通過過度分享來尋求同情時(shí)，可能會(huì)被認(rèn)為是消極的。故選C。【11題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Withnewfashiontrendingallthetime,suchasdancechallengesandwearingapillowasadress,thequestionis:whencansharingbecomeoversharingonsocialmedia?(隨著新時(shí)尚的不斷流行，比如舞蹈挑戰(zhàn)和穿枕頭當(dāng)裙子，問題是中：什么時(shí)候在社交媒體上分享會(huì)變成過度分享？)”結(jié)合文章主要說明了如今社交媒體上的“過度分享”現(xiàn)象，有人指出有些人在聚會(huì)上過度分享，是因?yàn)樗麄兛赡芷谕c某人建立聯(lián)系。但是通過過度分享來尋求同情的想法，似乎通常被認(rèn)為是消極的。早在2015年，GwendolynSeidman博士就說過，我們應(yīng)該避免在網(wǎng)上抱怨和消極，也不應(yīng)該炫耀，尤其是我們的愛情生活?？赏浦@篇文章的目的是告知有關(guān)“過度分享”的信息。故選A。DUntilnow,scientistshaven’tbeenabletostudythenewrockonthemoon.ThenewsamplesfromChang’e5willchangethis.They’refromnearMonsRümker,avolcanicmountainwheretherockisthoughttobemuchyounger--about1billionyearsold.Therearealotofreasonsscientistsareeagertostudythisyoungerrock,oneofwhichisthatitcouldhelpusmorepreciselydatenotonlythemoon,butmanyrockyplanetsandotherobjects.Here’showthatworks:Scientistsdatelunarrockbyusingsomethingcalledachronologycurve（年代學(xué)曲線）,saysJollliff,ascientistsatWashingtonUniversityinSt.Louis.Basically,theyestimatetheageoftherockbycountingthenumberofcraters（火山口）intheareatherockcomesfrom;thoseincreaseasobjectsstriketherockovertime.Tomakethisestimation,scientistsneedtomatchthenumberofcraterstoapreciseage.Rightnow,theyonlyhavedatapointsforlunarrockthatis3tobillionyearsold.Moderntechniquescandatethenewsampleextremelyaccurately,andoncescientistsknowitspreciseage,theycanaddavaluabledatapointtotheirchronologycurve.Thedatingsystemwillalsohelpusmoreaccuratelyestimatetheageofallsortsofobjectsinspace,likerockyplanetsandothermoons.Anotherreasonscientistsarekeentostudythisyoungvolcanicrockistofindoutmoreabouthowvolcanismworksonthemoon.Jollliffsaysthatit’sunclearwhytherewasvolcanicactivityonthemoonforsuchalongperiodoftime.Mostofthemoon;svolcanicactivity,hesays,isthoughttohaveoccurred3or4billionyearsago,whenthemoonwasstillprettyyoung.Butsincethemoondoesnothaveplatestructure,whichdrivesvolcanismonEarth,it’sunclearwhatcouldhavecausedmuchlatervolcanicactivity.“That’ssomethingthatyoucanfindoutofthesamplesbystudyingtheminthelab,”Jollliffsays.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“this”inparagraph1referto?A.Thefactofbeingunabletostudythenewrock.B.ThenewrockfromnearMonsRümker.C.Oneofthereasonstostudythemoon;snewrock.D.Thestudyofthemoon’syoungerrock.13.Scientistsresearchthisyoungerrockbecausetheycan________.A.ensuretherewasvolcanicactivityonthemoon.B.morepreciselydateonlythemoon.C.datelunarrockbyusingachronologycurve.D.explorehowvolcanismworksonthemoon.14.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Scientistsarekeentostudythisyoungvolcanicrock.B.Scientistscan’tknowwhyvolcanicactivityexistsonthemoon.C.Themoon’svolcanicactivityoccurred3or4billionyearsago.D.It’sclearwhatcouldhavecausedmuchlatervolcanicactivity.15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Howscientistsstudytheyoungerrock.B.Whytheresearchisimportant.C.Whytheyoungerrockisworthstudying.D.Whatscientistsdotostudytheyoungerrock.【答案】12.A13.D14.B15.C【解析】【分析】本文是說明文。文章描述了嫦娥五號(hào)使得科學(xué)家們對(duì)月球上的新巖石有了可能，而研究這種巖石的好處是什么呢?文章一一進(jìn)行了說明?！?2題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段Untilnow,scientistshaven’tbeenabletostudythenewrockonthemoon.(直到現(xiàn)在，科學(xué)家們還不能研究月球上的新巖石。)結(jié)合劃線詞所在句“ThenewsamplesfromChang’e5willchangethis.(來自嫦娥5號(hào)的新樣品將會(huì)改變這一點(diǎn))”可推斷，this指的是上文中提到的這個(gè)現(xiàn)象，A選項(xiàng)"Thefactofbeingunabletostudythenewrock.(無法研究這種新巖石的事實(shí))"符合題意。故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的“Anotherreasonscientistsarekeentostudythisyoungvolcanicrockistofindoutmoreabouthowvolcanismworksonthemoon.(科學(xué)家熱衷于研究這些年輕的火山巖的另一個(gè)原因是想了解更多關(guān)于月球上火山活動(dòng)的情況)”可知，科學(xué)家們研究這些年輕的巖石是因?yàn)樗麄兡軌蛱剿髟虑蛏系幕鹕交顒?dòng)是如何發(fā)生的。故選D項(xiàng)。【14題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Butsincethemoondoesnothaveplatestructure,whichdrivesvolcanismonEarth,it’sunclearwhatcouldhavecausedmuchlatervolcanicactivity.(但由于月球沒有板塊結(jié)構(gòu)，而板塊結(jié)構(gòu)是地球上火山活動(dòng)的驅(qū)動(dòng)因素，所以不清楚是什么導(dǎo)致了很久以后的火山活動(dòng)。)”可推斷，科學(xué)家們不知道月球上為什么會(huì)有火山活動(dòng)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，可知文章首段“Untilnow,scientistshaven’tbeenabletostudythenewrockonthemoon.ThenewsamplesfromChang’e5willchangethis.(直到現(xiàn)在，科學(xué)家們還不能研究月球上的新巖石。來自嫦娥5號(hào)的新樣品將會(huì)改變這一點(diǎn))”引出了話題，關(guān)于新巖石的研究，接下來對(duì)研究這種巖石的好處進(jìn)行了解說。因此推斷C選項(xiàng)“Whytheyoungerrockisworthstudying(為什么新巖石值得研究)”能夠準(zhǔn)確概括文章大意，故選C項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。OscarWildeoncesaid,“Manisleasthimselfwhenhetalksinhisownperson.Givehimamask,andhewilltellyouthetruth.”Artprovidesawaytocommunicateexperienceswhenpeoplelackverbalskills._____16_____Arttherapyisfoundedontheassumptionthateveryoneiscreativeandcapableofself-expression.___17___Asarestorativepractice,itallowspeopletoexpressthemselvesinnon-verbalways,suchasdrawingandpainting.Evena45-minutecreativeactivitycanchangeaperson'smentalstate.Workingwithanarttherapistdoesevenmore:_____18_____Youngchildrentypicallydrawandsinganddancewithoutworryingabouttheirabilities.Adults,however,oftenhavecomplexfeelingsaboutartandartmaking.Theybegintoevaluatethequalityoftheirartinsteadoffocusingonself-expressionitself.____19____However,arttherapistscanguidepeopleinexpressingthemselveswithoutconcerningwhethertheirartworkistechnicallybrilliant,sothattheycanconnectorreconnectwiththeartworksthathelpthemdealwithlifechallenges.Whatarearttherapists’superpower?Theycanchanneldangerousthoughtsintoimaginativeartworks.Forinstance,peoplewithviolenttendenciesmightletouttheirangerbyhittinganotherhumanbeing.____20____Theseartisticchoicessatisfythebrain'sdesirefornoveltywithoutcompromisingpersonalsafety.A.Arttherapyisadouble-edgedsword.B.Thus,themanybenefitsofcreativeself-expressionarelost.C.Theydevelopartasanexpressiveskillforsolvingproblems.D.But,obviously,releasingtheirangerinthiswayisn'tagoodchoice.E.Arttherapy,initsownways,caninfluencearangeofhumanfunctioning.F.Itcansignificantlyenhancepositivemoodsandboostmeasuresofwell-being.G.However,witharttherapists’help,theirenergycouldbechangedintocreativeproducts.【答案】16.C17.E18.F19.B20.G【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了藝術(shù)療法的概念以及其作用?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“OscarWildeoncesaid,“Manisleasthimselfwhenhetalksinhisownperson.Givehimamask,andhewilltellyouthetruth.”Artprovidesawaytocommunicateexperienceswhenpeoplelackverbalskills.(王爾德曾經(jīng)說過：“當(dāng)人以自己的身份說話時(shí)，就越不是他自己。給他一個(gè)面具，他就會(huì)告訴你真相?！碑?dāng)人們?nèi)狈φZ言能力時(shí)，藝術(shù)提供了一種交流經(jīng)驗(yàn)的方式)”以及最后一段中“Arttherapyisfoundedontheassumptionthateveryoneiscreativeandcapableofself-expression.(藝術(shù)療法建立在每個(gè)人都有創(chuàng)造力和自我表達(dá)能力的假設(shè)上)”可知，上文提到人們把藝術(shù)當(dāng)作一種交流經(jīng)驗(yàn)的方式，后文則提到藝術(shù)療法建立在自我表達(dá)能力的假設(shè)上，故本句是在說明人們將藝術(shù)發(fā)展成了一種表達(dá)技巧。C選項(xiàng)中expressive對(duì)應(yīng)后文self-expression。故C選項(xiàng)“他們把藝術(shù)發(fā)展成一種解決問題的表達(dá)技巧”最符合語境，故選C?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Asarestorativepractice,itallowspeopletoexpressthemselvesinnon-verbalways,suchasdrawingandpainting.Evena45-minutecreativeactivitycanchangeaperson'smentalstate.(作為一種恢復(fù)性練習(xí)，它允許人們用非語言的方式表達(dá)自己，比如繪畫。即使是45分鐘的創(chuàng)造性活動(dòng)也能改變一個(gè)人的精神狀態(tài))”可知，后文提到創(chuàng)造性活動(dòng)可以改變?nèi)说木駹顟B(tài)，即藝術(shù)可以影響人的功能。故E選項(xiàng)“藝術(shù)療法，以其自身的方式，可以影響一系列的人類功能”最符合語境，故選E?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Evena45-minutecreativeactivitycanchangeaperson'smentalstate.Workingwithanarttherapistdoesevenmore(即使是45分鐘的創(chuàng)造性活動(dòng)也能改變一個(gè)人的精神狀態(tài)。與藝術(shù)治療師一起工作甚至可以做得更多)”可知，上文提到創(chuàng)造性活動(dòng)可以改變?nèi)说木駹顟B(tài)，且與藝術(shù)治療師可以做得更多，故本句是在說明藝術(shù)還能如何影響人的精神狀態(tài)。故F選項(xiàng)“它能顯著增強(qiáng)積極情緒，提高幸福感”最符合語境，故選F?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Youngchildrentypicallydrawandsinganddancewithoutworryingabouttheirabilities.Adults,however,oftenhavecomplexfeelingsaboutartandartmaking.Theybegintoevaluatethequalityoftheirartinsteadoffocusingonself-expressionitself.(小孩子通常會(huì)畫畫、唱歌、跳舞，并不擔(dān)心他們的能力。然而，成年人往往對(duì)藝術(shù)和藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作有復(fù)雜的感情。他們開始評(píng)估自己的藝術(shù)質(zhì)量，而不是關(guān)注自我表現(xiàn)本身)”可知，本句與上文構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系，指出成年人更關(guān)注自己的藝術(shù)質(zhì)量的結(jié)果：創(chuàng)造性自我表達(dá)的許多好處就失去了。故B選項(xiàng)“因此，創(chuàng)造性自我表達(dá)的許多好處就失去了”最符合語境，故選B?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Whatarearttherapists’superpower?Theycanchanneldangerousthoughtsintoimaginativeartworks.Forinstance,peoplewithviolenttendenciesmightletouttheirangerbyhittinganotherhumanbeing.(藝術(shù)治療師的超能力是什么？他們可以把危險(xiǎn)的想法轉(zhuǎn)化成富有想象力的藝術(shù)品。例如，有暴力傾向的人可能會(huì)通過打別人來發(fā)泄他們的憤怒)”以及后文“Theseartisticchoicessatisfythebrain'sdesirefornoveltywithoutcompromisingpersonalsafety.(這些藝術(shù)選擇在不損害個(gè)人安全的情況下滿足了大腦對(duì)新奇事物的渴望)”可知，本句與上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折，指出有暴力傾向的人是如何通過藝術(shù)治療師的幫助，將精力轉(zhuǎn)化成藝術(shù)且不傷害別人的，故G選項(xiàng)“然而，在藝術(shù)治療師的幫助下，他們的精力可以轉(zhuǎn)化為創(chuàng)造性的產(chǎn)品”最符合語境，故選G。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共三節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Likemanypeople,publicspeakingoncefilledmewithfearAsawriter,Ifeltmuchmore____21____expressingmyselfonthepage,ratherthanonthe____22____.Strangely,Ifoundthatthefeelingsof____23____tobeperfectlytolerable;____24____,Iwasconcernedwiththewaysthatotherswouldperceivemynervousenergy.Aslightchangeof____25____,theunconsciousbitingofmylip—IassuredthatI’dbe____26____foranynom-verbalsignalthatshowedmylackof____27____.Iwasexperiencinganxietyaboutmyanxiety—consequencesthatmadethewholetaskfeelmuchmore____28____.Youmighthave____29____thisyourselfbeforeajobintervieworimportantworkmeetinginfrontofseniorcolleagues.Andthemoreyoutryto____30____yourfeelings,themoreobvioustheyappeartoothers.Accordingtoastrikingnewstudy,however,theseconcernsmaybe____31____.JamieWhitehouse,aresearchfellowatNottinghamTrentUniversityintheUK,hasshownthatvisiblesignsofstressareoften____32____,leavingothersmorelikelytolikeusandtreatus____33____.Ifso,thenweneednottrysohardto____34____acalm-and-collectedpokerface,safeintheknowledgethatpeoplewillrelatewelltoour____35____.21.A.anxious B.comfortable C.cautious D.hesitant22.A.examroom B.videocall C.stagecenter D.teacher’sdesk23.A.burden B.loneliness C.conflict D.anxiety24.A.besides B.instead C.therefore D.otherwise25.A.voice B.appearance C.attitude D.routine26.A.paused B.rejected C.assessed D.warned27.A.knowledge B.experience C.process D.confidence28.A.astonishing B.terrifying C.pressing D.confusing29.A.noticed B.refreshed C.mentioned D.supposed30.A.permit B.declare C.hide D.deserve31.A.practical B.inaccurate C.unpredictable D.unnecessary32.A.appealing B.annoying C.frustrating D.convincing33.A.warmly B.apparently C.curiously D.casually34.A.remind B.require C.wander D.maintain35.A.attention B.expectation C.emotions D.appreciation【答案】21.B22.C23.D24.B25.A26.C27.D28.C29.A30.C31.D32.A33.A34.D35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了作者恐懼公開演講，而且害怕別人看出自己緊張和不自信。然而，根據(jù)一項(xiàng)引人注目的新研究，這些擔(dān)憂可能是不必要的。研究指出壓力的明顯跡象通常很有吸引力，讓別人更有可能喜歡我們，熱情地對(duì)待我們。【21題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：作為一名作家，比起站在舞臺(tái)中央，我更愿意在紙上表達(dá)自己。A.anxious焦慮的；B.comfortable舒服的，自在的；C.cautious謹(jǐn)慎的；D.hesitant猶豫的。根據(jù)上文“Likemanypeople,publicspeakingoncefilledmewithfear.(和許多人一樣，公開演講曾讓我充滿恐懼)”可知，作者更喜歡在紙上表達(dá)自己，即紙上表達(dá)自己更自在。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查名詞短語辨析。句意：作為一名作家，比起站在舞臺(tái)中央，我更愿意在紙上表達(dá)自己。A.examroom考場(chǎng)；B.videocall視頻電話；C.stagecenter舞臺(tái)中央；D.teacher’sdesk老師的課桌。根據(jù)上文“Likemanypeople,publicspeakingoncefilledmewithfear.(和許多人一樣，公開演講曾讓我充滿恐懼)”可知，作者不喜歡公開演講，站在舞臺(tái)中央，故選C?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：奇怪的是，我發(fā)現(xiàn)焦慮的感覺是完全可以忍受的；相反，我關(guān)心的是別人會(huì)如何看待我緊張的情緒。A.burden負(fù)擔(dān)；B.loneliness孤獨(dú)；C.conflict沖突；D.anxiety焦慮。根據(jù)后文“otherswouldperceivemynervousenergy”可知，這里指焦慮的感受。故選D?！?4題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：奇怪的是，我發(fā)現(xiàn)焦慮的感覺是完全可以忍受的；相反，我關(guān)心的是別人會(huì)如何看待我緊張的情緒。A.besides此外；B.instead相反；C.therefore因此；D.otherwise否則。根據(jù)后文“Iwasconcernedwiththewaysthatotherswouldperceivemynervousenergy.”可知，作者可以忍受焦慮的感覺，反而卻是別人如何看自己的緊張情緒讓作者更加關(guān)心，故選B?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：聲音的輕微變化，無意識(shí)的咬嘴唇——我確信我會(huì)被評(píng)估任何顯示我缺乏自信的非語言信號(hào)。A.voice嗓音；B.appearance外表；C.attitude態(tài)度；D.routine路線。根據(jù)后文“theunconsciousbitingofmylip”可知，這里是在描述作者緊張時(shí)的活動(dòng)，公開演講肯定是嗓音有變化，故選A。【26題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：聲音的輕微變化，無意識(shí)的咬嘴唇——我確信我會(huì)被評(píng)估任何顯示我缺乏自信的非語言信號(hào)。A.paused暫停；B.rejected拒絕；C.assessed評(píng)估；D.warned警告。根據(jù)后文“foranynon-verbalsignal”可知，作者確信他人會(huì)評(píng)估自己缺乏自信的肢體語言。故選C?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：聲音的輕微變化，無意識(shí)的咬嘴唇——我確信我會(huì)被評(píng)估任何顯示我缺乏自信的非語言信號(hào)。A.knowledge知識(shí)；B.experience經(jīng)歷；C.process過程；D.confidence自信。結(jié)合上文可知，作者害怕公開演講，且擔(dān)心別人發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的緊張情緒，作者會(huì)無意識(shí)的咬嘴唇，這都是缺乏自信的表現(xiàn)。故選D。【28題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我對(duì)自己的焦慮感到焦慮——這導(dǎo)致整個(gè)任務(wù)變得更加緊迫。A.astonishing驚人的；B.terrifying可怕的；C.pressing緊迫的；D.confusing令人困惑的。根據(jù)上文“Iwasexperiencinganxietyaboutmyanxiety—consequencesthatmadethewholetaskfeelmuchmore”可知，作者對(duì)自己的焦慮感到焦慮——這導(dǎo)致整個(gè)任務(wù)變得更加緊迫。故選C?！?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在面試或重要的工作會(huì)議上，你可能已經(jīng)在資深同事面前注意到了這一點(diǎn)。A.noticed注意到；B.refreshed使恢復(fù)精神；C.mentioned提及；D.supposed認(rèn)為。根據(jù)后文“thisyourselfbeforeajobintervieworimportantworkmeetinginfrontofseniorcolleagues”此處指在面試或重要的工作會(huì)議上，在資深同事面前注意到自己的焦慮情緒，故選A。【30題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：你越試圖隱藏自己的情緒，別人就會(huì)越明顯地感覺到。A.permit允許；B.declare宣布；C.hide隱藏；D.deserve值得。根據(jù)后文“yourfeelings,themoreobvi