《快速熱退火制備聚氯乙烯納濾膜及性能探究》10000字【論文】

快速熱退火制備聚氯乙烯納濾膜及性能研究目錄摘要 [24]的影響。Na+易水化，膜對離子的截留率隨離子水化能的增高而增高。圖4-9C1膜在不同濃度下的Na+截留率結(jié)論將兩親共聚物PMD與聚氯乙烯（PVC）以9：1的比例共混，以NIPS法制備PVC/PMD共混超濾膜（C0），以熱退火法將膜C0制備出納濾膜（C1）。通過改變退火介質(zhì)、時(shí)間及溫度來提升膜（C1）的性能，用各種儀器方法來表征膜的性能及結(jié)構(gòu)。以Na+為例，在不同條件下進(jìn)行過濾實(shí)驗(yàn)，測定膜截留鹽離子的能力，分析不同條件對Na+截留性能的影響。結(jié)論如下：VB12通量-截留實(shí)驗(yàn)發(fā)現(xiàn)，在80°C正庚烷中退火2min制備出來的膜C1性能最好；掃描電鏡觀察膜表面發(fā)現(xiàn)，膜C0、C1均由指狀孔和致密分離層組成，退火后膜的孔徑減小、表面分離層更薄且致密性更高；水接觸角儀測定發(fā)現(xiàn)經(jīng)過淬火處理膜的水接觸角由91.21°變?yōu)?8.48°，膜的親水性能得到改善。zeta電位證明在進(jìn)行退火處理后，在pH1-12范圍內(nèi)膜C0、C1表面均帶負(fù)電，熱退火使膜表面負(fù)電荷有微小的增強(qiáng)；膜表面紅外光譜表明膜表面具有-（CH2）n（n＞4）特征吸收峰，共混添加劑PMD被成功保留在了膜中；XPS分析發(fā)現(xiàn)發(fā)現(xiàn)氧元素含量增加而氯元素含量降低，證明加熱導(dǎo)致水流失致使親水單體DMAEMA向膜表面移動(dòng)，疏水單體MMA向膜內(nèi)部移動(dòng)。對膜進(jìn)行不同條件下的Na+透過試驗(yàn)發(fā)現(xiàn)，C0膜對Na+截留率<1%；不同壓力下（0.1~0.4Mpa），C1膜對Na+的截留隨著壓力的升高而升高后有所下降，由于離子水化能的影響，C1對Na+截留率隨溶液濃度的減小而增大。參考文獻(xiàn)郭世偉,鄭力瑋,羅建泉,苑春剛.納濾膜在高鹽廢水處理中的應(yīng)用研究進(jìn)展[J].膜科學(xué)與技術(shù),2022,42(02):175-182.DOI:10.16159/ki.issn1007-8924.2022.02.022.LefebvreO,MolettaR.Treatmentoforganicpollutioninindustrialsalinewastewater:Aliteraturereview[J].WaterResearch,2006,40(20):3671-3682.陳浩,張楓,王中正,鄒俊波,熊光城.高鹽廢水處理技術(shù)研究進(jìn)展[J].廣州化工,2017,45(22):17-18+31.TongT,ElimelechM.TheGlobalRiseofZeroLiquidDischargeforWastewaterManagement:Drivers,Technologies,andFutureDirections[J].EnvironmentalScience&Technology,2016,50(13):6846-6855.WengY.H.,WeiH.J.,etal.,Separationofaceticacidfromxylosebynanofiltration,SeparationandPurificationTechnology,2009,67(1):95-102.McHughAJ,MillerDC.Thedynamicsofdiffusionandgelgrowthduringnonsolvent-inducedphaseinversionofpolyethersulfone[J].JournalofMembraneScience,1995,105:121-36.馬月琴.水污染治理現(xiàn)狀分析[J].皮革制作與環(huán)保科技,2021,2(15):50-51.王建紅，王強(qiáng)，張智勇.聚氯乙烯改性最新研究進(jìn)展[J].化學(xué)中間體，2010(6):19-21.A.E.Yildirim,N.D.Hilmioglu,STulbentci,Pervaporationseparationofbenzene/cyclohexanemixturesbypoly(vinylchloride)membrane,Chem.Eng.Technol.2001,24:275-279.劉佳豪,李永光,劉棟,陳凌沖,馬昕霞.納濾去除水環(huán)境中硝酸鹽的機(jī)理及影響因素[J].應(yīng)用化工,2022,51(01):251-255.S.Leob,S.Sourirajan,Seawaterdemineralizationbymeansofanosmoticmembrane,ACSPublications,1962.StrathmannH,ScheibleP,BakerRW.JApplPolymSci.1971,15:811ReuversAJ,AvandenJW,SmoldersCA.Formationofmembranesbymeansofimmersionprecipitation:Part1amodeltodescribemasstransferduringimmersionprecipitation[J],JournalofMembraneScience,1987,34:45-65.TsayCS,McHughAJ.Masstransfermodelingofasymmetricmembraneformationbyphaseinversion[J].JournalofPolymerScience:PolymerPhysicsEdition,1990,28:1327-1365.McHughAJ,TsayCS.Dynamicsofthephaseinversionprocess[J].JournalofAppliedPolymerScience,1992,46:2011-2021.CaiY,LiJX,ZhangXW,etal.In-situmonitoringofpolysulfonemembraneformationviaimmersionprecipitationusinganultrasonicthrough-transmissiontechnique[J].Desalinationandwatertreatment,2011,32:24-29.ZhouMY,etal.PoresizetailoringfromultrafiltrationtonanofiltrationwithPVC-g-PDMAviarapidimmersionthermalannealing[J].JournalofMembraneScience,2019,572:401-409.R.J.Swaidan,X.Ma,E.Litwiller,I.Pinnau,Enhancedpropylene/propaneseparationbythermalannealingofanintrinsicallymicroporoushydroxyl-functionalizedpolyimidemembrane,J.Membr.Sci.2015,495:235–241.R.Swaidan,B.Ghanem,E.Litwiller,I.Pinnau,Effectsofhydroxyl-functionalizationandsub-Tgthermalannealingonhighpressurepure-andmixed-gasCO2/CH4separationbypolyimidemembranesbasedon6FDAandtriptycene-containingdianhydrides,J.Membr.Sci.2015,475:571–581.M.K.Hassan,A.Abukmail,K.A.Mauritz,BroadbanddielectricspectroscopicstudiesofmolecularmotionsinaNafion?membranevs.annealingtimeandtemperature,Eur.Polym.J.2012,48:789–802.M.N.DePinho,Annealingeffectofcelluloseacetatemembranesonethanolandglucosereverseosmosisseparation,Desalination1988,68:211–221.R.Mahendran,R.Malaisamy,D.Mohan,Preparation,characterizationandeffectofannealingonperformanceofcelluloseacetate/sulfonatedpolysulfoneandcelluloseacetate/epoxyresinblendultrafiltrationmembranes,Eur.Polym.J.2004,40:623–633.A.K.Ghosh,B.-H.Jeong,X.Huang,E.M.Hoek,Impactsofreactionandcuringconditionsonpolyamidecompositereverseosmosismembraneproperties,J