2025年春人教版八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)下冊(cè)上課課件 U2 Period 3 Grammar

Unit2I’llhelptocleanupthecityparks?SectionA(GrammarFocus-4c)+SelfCheck1&2人教版八年級(jí)（下）LearningObjectives1.usethephrasalverbswelearntinthisunitproperly;2.tellthedifferentpartsofspeechoftheinfinitives;3.knowhowtouseinfinitivescorrectlyasdifferentfunctionalpartsinsentences.Bytheendoftheclass,wewillbeableto:IntroductionInthelasttwolessons,wecameacrossalotofphrasalverbsandinfinitives.Inthislessonwearegoingtolearnaboutthemsystematically.GrammarSummaryWhatisthePhrasalVerbs?短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞(PhrasalVerbs)是由動(dòng)詞加介詞、副詞或其他詞構(gòu)成的固定詞組或習(xí)語(yǔ)(idioms)，其作用和動(dòng)詞差不多。有些短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞相當(dāng)于及物動(dòng)詞，有些則相當(dāng)于不及物動(dòng)詞。Therearemanykindsof

PhrasalVerbs.Differentkindshavedifferentusage.動(dòng)詞+介詞相當(dāng)于及物動(dòng)詞，后面必須有賓語(yǔ)，且賓語(yǔ)只能位于介詞之后。lookafter照顧 lookat看 carefor非常喜歡；照顧thinkabout考慮 agreewith同意 waitfor等待Iagreewithwhatyousaid.Hecaredforhermorethansherealized.動(dòng)詞+副詞①可看作及物動(dòng)詞，名詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，可位于動(dòng)詞與副詞之間或副詞之后；代詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)；只能位于動(dòng)詞與副詞之間。②有的也可看作不及物動(dòng)詞。cheerup振奮起來(lái)cleanup打掃干凈giveup放棄putoff推遲takeaway拿走fixup修理turndown調(diào)低；拒絕turnup出現(xiàn)；調(diào)高Thisisanewword.You’dbetterlookitupinthedictionary.It’stoonoisy.PleaseturndowntheTV.=It’stoonoisy.PleaseturntheTVdown.動(dòng)詞+副詞+介詞相當(dāng)于及物動(dòng)詞，賓語(yǔ)位于介詞之后。catchupwith趕上 comeupwith想出lookforwardto期望 runoutof用完；耗盡Heworkedhardtocatchupwithhisclassmates.I’mlookingforwardtotheweekend.Task1:Fillintheblankswithphrasalverbsinthebox.1.Iwantto_______myplantoworkinananimalhospitaluntilnextsummer.I’mtoobusywithmystudiesthisyear.2.Shehopesto________atleastfiveprimaryschoolstoaskiftheyneedvolunteersfortheirafter-schoolprograms.putoffcallupbebusywith...忙于，后接名詞或代詞if引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，if意為“是否”putuphandoutcallupcheerupcomeupwithgiveoutputoff3.Ourclassistryingto______________someideasto__________sickchildrenbecausetheyareoftensad.4.Wedecidedto_________signsaroundtheschooland__________noticestotellstudentsaboutthebooksale.Wewill_________themoneyfromthesaletohomelesspeople.comeupwithcheerupputuphandoutgiveoutTask2:

Fillineachblankwithapossibleverbtomakeaphrasalverb.1._____________________up 2._____________off3._____________away 4.______________outof5.__________after 6.__________upwithfix/cheer/wake/put/takeput/take/getgive/put/takerun/get/taketake/lookcome/put動(dòng)詞不定式（Infinitives）的基本形式是“to+動(dòng)詞原形”，有時(shí)to可省略。它沒(méi)有人稱(chēng)和數(shù)的變化，在句中不能作謂語(yǔ)。其否定形式為“notto+動(dòng)詞原形”。WhatistheInfinitives?動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)常接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有：想要拒絕

忘記(want,refuse,forget)

需要

努力

學(xué)習(xí)(need,try,learn)選擇

同意

幫助(choose,agree,help)希望

決定

開(kāi)始(hope/wish/expect,decide,begin/start)LilywantstofindajobasanEnglishteacherinBeijing.Hedecidedtohelpthehomeless.常接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞有：ask,tell,want,teach,wish,help,warn,invite,encourage等可以構(gòu)成“...sb.(not)todosth.”結(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng)詞。Samaskedmetohelphim.Theteacheralwaystellsusnottoswimintheriver.動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)在let,make,see,watch,hear,feel,notice,have等感官聽(tīng)覺(jué)動(dòng)詞或使役動(dòng)詞后面作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞,其不定式一般要省略動(dòng)詞不定式符號(hào)“to”。let/make/have+sb.+dosth.see/watch/hear/notice/feel+sb.+dosth.動(dòng)詞不定式作狀語(yǔ)1）作目的狀語(yǔ)。強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)詞不定式所表示的目的時(shí)，動(dòng)詞不定式

可用inorderto或soasto+動(dòng)詞原形，soasto不用于句首。e.g.Thebusstoppedsoastopickuppassengers.2）作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)。e.g.Hewokeuponlytofindeverybodygone.HisgrandmalivedtoseetheliberationofChina.

Heisoldenoughtogotoschool.3）在某些表示喜、怒、哀、樂(lè)等的形容詞后作原因狀語(yǔ)e.g.I’mproudtohavetakenpartinthecompetitions.Shewassurprisedtoseehim.Theyjumpedforjoytohearthenews.動(dòng)詞不定式作主語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不定式作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常表示一個(gè)具體的、特定的行為，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。Toknowoneself

isdifficult.人能自知，實(shí)屬不易。動(dòng)詞不定式作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，為避免句子頭重腳輕，可以用it作形式主語(yǔ)，不定式做主語(yǔ)放在句末。It'sdifficulttolearnaforeignlanguage.動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)時(shí)通常要放在所修飾詞之后。Whowasthefirstonetoarrive?Wouldyoulikesomethingtodrink?動(dòng)詞不定式作表語(yǔ)Mydutyistolookaftertheanimals.Task1:

Fillintheblankswiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinthebox.helpmovedomakevisitspendSomepeopletodayareonlyworriedaboutgettinggoodjobs_________lotsofmoney.Intheirfreetime,theythinkaboutwhat_______forfun.However,fewpeoplethinkaboutwhattheycando________others.Therearemanypeoplewhoarelessluckythanus.beworriedabout擔(dān)心……todotohelptomakeVolunteeringourtimetohelpthesepeopleisagoodway__________ourfreetime.Forexample,wecanmakeplans_________sickchildreninthehospitalorraisemoneyforhomelesspeople.Somepeopleevenstopdoingtheirjobsforafewmonthstoayear__________toanotherplace,likeoneofthecountriesinAfrica,andhelppeoplethere.tospendtovisittomove為……籌款Task2:

Completethesentenceswithyourownideas.Useinfinitives.1.I’dliketovolunteer____________________________________________________.2.At12:00midnight,Icalledmyfriend____________________________________________________.3.I’mverybusybutIcouldhelp____________________________________________________.atthefoodbankandhelptogiveoutfoodtothehomelesstoaskhimanimportantquestiontocomeupwithsomeideasaboutthepartygames4.Summervacationiscoming,andIwant______________________________________________________.5.Iwanttotravelalone.Myparentstoldme(not)______________________________________________________.tovisitmygrandparentsinthecountrysidenottodothat,becausetheythinkit'snotsafeTask3:Fillintheblankswiththeappropriatephrasalverbsorinfinitives.Igotoschoolinasmall

town.Lastmonth,

avolunteerteacherfromBeijingcametoourschool___________usEnglish.Atfirst,weweretooshy___________toher.

Butthenshe

___________withsomereallyfunactivitiesforanEnglishparty.

Shetoldus

___________somesignsaroundtheschooland

______________noticestotellpeopleaboutit.It

wasinteresting

___________Englishinthisway.Theteacheralsotaughtushow___________theguitar.

Sheeven

___________somefreebooks.

Itwillbehard

___________suchawonderfulteacher.toteachtotalk/speakcameuptoputuphand/giveouttolearntoplaygaveawaytoforgetProject