新課標(biāo)2024-2025學(xué)年高中英語Unit2RobotsSectionⅣUsingLanguage教案含解析新人教版選修7

PAGE1-SectionⅣUsingLanguage(老師用書獨具)ABIOGRAPHYOFISAACASIMOVIsaacAsimovwasanAmericanscientistandwriterwhowrotearound480booksthatincludedmysterystories,scienceandhistorybooks①，andevenbooksabtheHolyBibleandShakespeare.Butheisbestknownfor②hissciencefictionstories.Asimovhadbothanextraordinaryimaginationthatgavehimtheabilitytoexplorefutureworldsandanamazingmindwithwhichhesearchedforexplanationsofeverything,inthepresentandthepast.Asimov'slifebeganinRussia,wherehewasbornon2January,1920③.ItendedinNewYorkon6April,1992,whenhediedasaresultofanHIVinfectionthathehadgotfromabloodtransfusion(輸血)nineyearsearlier.艾薩克·阿西莫夫傳艾薩克·阿西莫夫是一位美國科學(xué)家兼作家，他寫過大約480本書，包括偵探小說、科學(xué)和歷史方面的書，甚至還寫過有關(guān)圣經(jīng)及莎士比亞的書。但是他以他的科幻故事而著名。阿西莫夫不僅有著超凡的想象力，這種想象力給他探究將來世界的實力，而且還有著驚人的才智，使他找出對現(xiàn)在和過去的各種事物的說明。阿西莫夫的一生是從俄羅斯起先的，他生于1920年1月2日。阿西莫夫的一生是1992年4月6日在紐約結(jié)束的。他是因為在9年前的一次輸血中感染了艾滋病病毒而去世的。[助讀講解]①定語從句whowrote...修飾anAmericanscientistandwriter，該從句中又包含一個定語從句thatincluded...對books進(jìn)行修飾。②bebestknownfor因……最負(fù)盛名。③wherehewasborn...是where引導(dǎo)的定語從句，修飾Russia。WhenAsimovwasthree,hemovedwithhisparentsandhisone-year-oldsistertoNewYorkCity.Therehisparentsboughtacandystorewhichtheyranforthenext40orsoyears④.Attheageofnine,whenhismotherwaspregnantwithherthirdchild,Asimovstartedworkingpart-timeinthestore.Hehelpedout⑤throughhisschoolanduniversityyearsuntil1942,ayearafterhehadgainedamaster'sdegree(碩士學(xué)位)inchemistry.In1942hejoinedthestaff(全體員工)ofthePhiladelphiaNavyYardasajunior(資格較淺的)chemistandworkedthereforthreeyears.In1948hegothisPhDinchemistry.Thenextyearhebecameabiochemistry(生物化學(xué))teacheratBostonUniversitySchoolofMedicine.In1958hegaveupteachingtobecomeafull-timewriter.阿西莫夫三歲的時候，就伴同他的父母和他一歲的妹妹一起搬到了紐約。在那兒，他的父母買下了一家糖果店，后來他們始終經(jīng)營了大約40年。阿西莫夫九歲的時候，他的母親懷了第三個孩子，阿西莫夫就起先在糖果店里做兼職工作。他讀中學(xué)和讀高校的那段時期都在幫助(家里)擺脫逆境，直到1942年，也就是他獲得化學(xué)碩士學(xué)位的一年以后。在1942年他在費城海軍造船廠里任初級化學(xué)師，并在那里工作了三年。在1948年，他獲得化學(xué)博士學(xué)位。其次年他在波士頓高校的醫(yī)學(xué)院任生化老師。1958年他放棄了教學(xué)工作，成為一名全職作家。[助讀講解]④which引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾acandystore。⑤helpout幫助脫離逆境，解決難題。ItwaswhenAsimovwaselevenyearsoldthathistalent(特別實力)forwritingbecameobvious⑥.Hehadtoldafriendtwochapters(章)ofastoryhehadwritten.Thefriendthoughthewasretellingastoryfromabook.ThisreallysurprisedAsimovandfromthatmoment,hestartedtotakehimselfseriouslyas⑦awriter.Asimovbeganhavingstoriespublishedinsciencefictionmagazinesin1939.In1950hepublishedhisfirstnovelandin1953hisfirstsciencebook.阿西莫夫11歲時，他的寫作才華就已經(jīng)顯露出來了。他把他寫的故事中的兩個章節(jié)講給他的一個摯友。這個摯友以為他是在復(fù)述某本書上的一個故事。這使阿西莫夫真的很驚異，從那時起，他就起先仔細(xì)地把自己當(dāng)成一名作家了。1939年，阿西莫夫起先在科幻小說雜志上發(fā)表文章。1950年他出版了他的第一部小說，1953年出版了他的第一部科學(xué)書籍。[助讀講解]⑥本句是強調(diào)句，強調(diào)時間狀語whenAsimovwaselevenyearsold。⑦take...as...“把……當(dāng)作……”。Throughouthislife,Asimovreceivedmanyawards,bothforhissciencefictionbooksandhissciencebooks.Amonghismostfamousworksofsciencefiction,oneforwhichhewonanawardwas⑧theFoundationtrilogy(1951－1953),threenovelsaboutthedeathandrebirthofagreatempireinagalaxyofthefuture.ItwaslooselybasedonthefalloftheRomanEmpirebutwasaboutthefuture.ThesebooksarefamousbecauseAsimovinventedatheoretical[理論(上)的]framework(框架)whichwasdesignedtoshow⑨howideasandthinkingmaydevelopinthefuture.Heisalsowellknownforhiscollectionofshortstories,I,Robot(1950),inwhichhedevelopedasetofthree“l(fā)aws”forrobots.Forexample,thefirstlawstatesthatarobotmustnotinjurehumanbeingsorallowthemtobeinjured.Someofhisideasaboutrobotslaterinfluencedotherwritersandevenscientistsresearchingintoartificialintelligence.Asimovwasmarried⑩twice.Hemarriedhisfirstwifein1942andhadasonandadaughter.Theirmarriagelasted31years.Soonafterhisdivorcein1973,Asimovmarriedagainbuthehadnochildrenwithhissecondwife.在他的一生中，阿西莫夫多次獲獎，既有科幻小說獎，也有科學(xué)書籍獎。在他那些最著名的科幻作品中，有一部獲獎作品叫作《基地》三部曲(1951－1953)，由三本小說組成，講的是將來銀河系中一個宏大帝國的滅亡和再生。這些書出名是因為阿西莫夫提出了一個理論框架，用以闡述各種想法在將來可能會如何發(fā)展。他的短篇小說集《我，機器人》(1950年)也是享有盛名的，在這本書里他提出機器人的三條“規(guī)則”。舉例來說，第一條規(guī)則就是聲明機器人不得損害人類，也不能允許人類受到損害。他的那些有關(guān)機器人的思想后來影響了其他作家，甚至那些從事人工智能探討的科學(xué)家們。阿西莫夫結(jié)過兩次婚。他于1942年同他的第一任妻子結(jié)婚，生有一兒一女。他們的婚姻維持了31年。1973年他離婚后不久，阿西莫夫又結(jié)婚了，但是他與其次任妻子沒有生育兒女。[助讀講解]⑧forwhich引導(dǎo)定語從句，for表示“因為”。⑨bedesignedtodo...“目的是去做；被設(shè)計用于做……”。⑩marryv．結(jié)婚；marrysb.嫁給某人，娶某人。第一步速讀——了解文章主題和段落大意Ⅰ.速讀P16教材課文，選擇最佳答案Whatdoesthepassagemainlytellus?A．HowAsimovbecamefamous.B．AsimovisagreatAmericanscientistandwriter.C．Asimovhadatalentforwriting.D．WhatAsimov'searlylifewas.[答案]BⅡ.速讀P16教材課文，匹配段落大意1.Para.1A.Asimov'sawardsandfamousworks.2.Para.2B.Asimov'stalentforwriting.3.Para.3C.Asimov'smarriageandfamily.4.Para.4D.Asimov'sbirthanddeath.5.Para.5E.Asimov'smainachievements.6.Para.6F.Asimov'slifeexperiences.[答案]1-6EDFBAC其次步細(xì)讀——把控文章關(guān)鍵信息細(xì)讀P16教材課文，選擇最佳答案1．WhatkindofbooksisIsaacAsimovbestknownfor?A．Mysterystories.B．Scienceandhistorybooks.C．BooksabouttheHolyBible.D．Sciencefictionstories.2．HowoldwasIsaacAsimovwhenhebecameabiochemistryteacheratBostonUniversity?A．22. B．28.C．29. D．38.3．InwhichbookdidAsimovdevelopasetofthree“l(fā)aws”forrobots?A．TheFoundationtrilogy.B．I，Robot.C．Inhisfirstnovel.D．Inhisfirstsciencebook.4．ThemainideaofthefifthparagraphisaboutIsaacAsimov's．A．birthdateandplaceB．educationC．a(chǎn)wardsD．familylife5．Wecaninferfromthepassagethat．A．AsimovwasaRussianscientistB．AsimovdiedinRussiaC．AsimovwasapersonwithatalentforwritingandambitionforworkD．Asimovdidn'tliveahappylifewithhissecondwife[答案]1－5DCBCC第三步研讀——實力升華接軌高考依據(jù)P16教材課文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式IsaacAsimovwasanAmericanscientistandwriter.Hewrotearound480books1.that/whichincludedmysterystories，scienceandhistorybooks.Butheis2.best(good)knownforhissciencefictionstories.Hehadan3.extraordinary(extraordinarily)imaginationthat4.gave(give)himtheabilitytoexplorefutureworlds.Besides，hesearched5.forexplanationsofeverything，inthepresentandthepast，withan6.amazing(amazed)mind.Throughouthislife，Asimovreceivedmany7.awards(award)．Hemarried8.twice(two)．Hemarriedhis9.first(one)wifein1942andmarriedagainin1973.In1992，hedied10.inNewYork.Ⅰ.單詞拼法依據(jù)漢語或首字母提示，寫出下列單詞1．Motoristsmustobey(聽從)thenewtrafficlaws.2．Sheisjunior(比……年幼)tomebutshelooksmature.3．Allthestaff(全體員工)intheofficeareinfavourofhissuggestion.4．HehasdeepaffectionforChinaanddoesn'twanttoleave.5．Shedivorcedhimafteryearsofunhappymarriage.Ⅱ.拓展詞匯依據(jù)詞性和漢語提示，寫出下列單詞1．a(chǎn)ssessv．評價；評定→assessmentn．評價；評定2．receivevt.收到→receivern．收件人；接收機；電話聽筒3．imaginevt.想象；料想；猜想→imaginationn．想象(力)；創(chuàng)建力；幻想物4．talentn．天才；特別實力；才能→talentedadj.天才的；有才能的5．junioradj.較年幼的；資格較淺的；地位較低的n.年少者；晚輩；等級較低者→senior(反義詞)adj.資格較老的；地位較高的n．較年長者Ⅲ.補全短語依據(jù)提示補全下列短語1．setaside 將……放在一邊； 為……節(jié)約或保留(錢或時間)2．inall 一共；總計3．beboundto 肯定做……4．beknownfor 因……而著名5．giveup 放棄6．takesb./sth.seriously 肅穆/仔細(xì)對待……Ⅳ.選詞填空選用上述短語的適當(dāng)形式填空1．Ifyouhaveproblemsathome，itisboundtoaffectyourwork.2．Asisknowntoall，LeiFengisknownforhiswillingnesstohelpothers.3．Trytosetasidehalfanhoureverydayforsomethingyoureallyenjoydoing.4．Ifyoucan'ttakeyourstudyseriously，youwillfailinthecomingexam.背教材原句記句式結(jié)構(gòu)仿寫促落實1.ItwaswhenAsimovwaselevenyearsoldthathistalentforwritingbecameobvious.阿西莫夫11歲時，他的寫作才華就已經(jīng)顯露出來了。強調(diào)句型“it's＋被強調(diào)部分＋that＋其他部分”It'sbecauseofthetrafficjamthathewaslateforwork.因為交通堵塞，他上班遲到了。2.Asimovbeganhavingstoriespublishedinsciencefictionmagazinesin1939.1939年，阿西莫夫起先在科幻小說雜志上發(fā)表文章?！癶avesth.done”意為“讓(別人)做某事”Thereasonwhyhecamelatewasthathehadhisbikerepairedonthewaytoschool.他來晚的緣由是上學(xué)的路上去修理自行車了。3.Amonghismostfamousworksofsciencefiction，oneforwhichhewonanawardwastheFoundationtrilogy(1951－1953)...在他那些最著名的科幻作品中，有一部獲獎作品叫做《基地》三部曲(1951－1953)……one作同位語，代指前面提到的名詞Heisagoodstudent，onewhopossessesgoodmorality，soundbody，perfectknowledgeandvariousabilities.他是一個好學(xué)生，一個擁有良好的品德、健全的身體、完備的學(xué)問和各種各樣的實力的學(xué)生。4.Useaclearsimplestyleasifyouwerewritingtoyoungerstudentsinyourschool.運用簡潔明白的寫作風(fēng)格，就似乎你的讀者是你們學(xué)校低年級的學(xué)生那樣。asif意為“似乎；仿佛”，引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句Shetalksasifsheknewallaboutit.她說話的口氣就似乎這件事她全都知道了。setaside將……放在一邊；為……節(jié)約或保留(時間或錢)；短暫不考慮(教材P13)Hefelthappywhenhisbossstatedthathecouldsetasidesometimeforexercise.當(dāng)他的老板表明他可以留出點時間來熬煉時他感到很興奮。setoff 動身；起程；引爆setabout 著手/起先做……(后接名詞、動名詞)setout 動身；起先做……(后接不定式)setdown 放下；登記setup 建立；樹立；搭起①Theyoungmandreamsofsettinguphisowncompany.這個年輕人幻想著建立自己的公司。②Wesetaboutpainting(paint)thewholehousebutfinishedonlythefrontpartthatday.＝Wesetouttopaint(paint)thewholehousebutfinishedonlythefrontpartthatday.我們那天起先粉刷整座房子，但只完成了前面的部分。[語境助記]Mikesetasidehisdocumentsandsuggestedseriouslythathiswife(should)setasidesomemoneyforthefamily,butshejustsethissuggestionaside.邁克把自己的文件擱在一邊，然后慎重地建議妻子為家里留一些錢，但她就是不考慮他的建議。beboundto肯定做……(教材P15)Whosaidthatmakingarobotsomuchlikeamanwasboundtocausetrouble?誰說造像人的機器人是注定要惹出麻煩的？beboundtodosth. 肯定會做某事；有義務(wù)做某事beboundfor 開往；飛往；駛往beboundupwithsth. 與某事有親密關(guān)系beboundupinsth. 忙于(用心于；熱衷于)某事①We'dbettertakeaplane(thatis)boundforChina.我們最好乘坐飛往中國的飛機。②Solongasweholdfasttoouridealsandnevergiveup，weareboundtoachieve(achieve)success.只要我們堅持幻想、永不放棄，我們肯定會取得勝利。③Heisboundupinhisworkwhichisboundupwiththewelfareofthecommunity.他忙于工作，這項工作與社區(qū)福利事業(yè)有親密聯(lián)系。junioradj.較年幼的；資格較淺的；地位較低的n．年少者；晚輩；等級較低者(教材P16)In1942hejoinedthestaffofthePhiladelphiaNavyYardasajuniorchemistandworkedthereforthreeyears.1942年他成為費城海軍造船廠的一名初級化學(xué)師，并在那里工作了三年。(1)bejuniortosb.比某人資格淺或地位低(2)eq\b\lc\{\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(Ais...yearsB'sjunior.,AisB'sjuniorby...years.))A比B小……歲(3)senioradj. 年長的；資深的；地位高的n. 較年長者；高年級學(xué)生；前輩；資格深者(4)beseniortosb. 比某人資格深或地位高①Heisjuniortoseveralpersonsinhiscompany,buthehasgreaterambition.他比公司里的幾個人資格淺，但是他志向更大。②Mybrotherismyjuniorbyseveralyears.我弟弟比我小好幾歲。③Healwayslooksuptothosewhoareseniortohiminrank.他總是仰慕比他地位高的人。[圖形助記]junior與senior[名師點津]junior/senior本身就含有比較的意義，沒有比較級和最高級，表示比較時，不與than而與to搭配。talentn．天才；特別實力；才能(教材P16)ItwaswhenAsimovwaselevenyearsoldthathistalentforwritingbecameobvious.阿西莫夫11歲時，他的寫作才華就已經(jīng)顯露出來了。(1)haveatalentfor...＝haveagiftfor... 對……有天賦；有……的天賦(2)talented＝giftedadj. 有天資的；才華橫溢的betalented/giftedin 在某方面有才能①Itissaidthathisfatherwasatalented(talent)basketballplayer.據(jù)說他的父親是一位天才籃球運動員。②Sheisproudthatbothherchildrenhaveatalent/giftformusic.她為自己的兩個孩子都有音樂天賦而驕傲。[名師點津]talent的同義詞是gift；talented的同義詞是gifted。divorcen．離婚；斷絕關(guān)系vt.與……離婚；與……脫離(教材P16)Soonafterhisdivorcein1973，Asimovmarriedagainbuthehadnochildrenwithhissecondwife.1973年他離婚后不久，阿西莫夫又結(jié)婚了，但是他與其次任妻子沒有生兒育女。(1)getadivorcefromsb.＝divorcesb.與某人離婚(2)divorce...from... 使……與……脫離；與……離婚(3)divorcedadj. 離婚的，離開的；脫離……的bedivorcedfrom 脫離……；與……離婚getdivorced 離婚①Shegotadivorcefromhimlastyear.＝Shedivorcedhimlastyear.她去年和他離了婚。②Youcan'tdivorceartfromlife.你不能使藝術(shù)脫離生活。③“Securitycannotbedivorced(divorce)fromdevelopment.”shesaid.她說：“平安與發(fā)展是不行分別的。”[名師點津]divorce和marry一樣，不能說marry/divorcewithsb.，表示“跟某人結(jié)婚/離婚”時，marry/divorce后干脆接sb.作賓語。(教材P16)ItwaswhenAsimovwaselevenyearsoldthathistalentforwritingbecameobvious.阿西莫夫11歲時，他的寫作才華就已經(jīng)顯露出來了?！疽c提煉】句中強調(diào)的是時間狀語whenAsimovwaselevenyearsold。(1)強調(diào)句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為“Itis/was＋被強調(diào)部分＋that/who＋其他部分”。強調(diào)句可以強調(diào)主語、賓語、狀語等，不能強調(diào)謂語。當(dāng)被強調(diào)部分是人的時候用that/who，是其他的時候用that。(2)強調(diào)句型的常見形式：①陳述句：Itis/was＋被強調(diào)部分＋that/who＋其他部分。②一般疑問句：Is/wasit＋被強調(diào)部分＋that/who＋其他部分？③特別疑問句：疑問詞＋is/was＋it＋that/who＋其他部分？④not...until...句型的強調(diào)句：Itis/wasnotuntil...＋that＋其他部分。①Itwashowtheyoungmanhadlearnedfiveforeignlanguagesthatattractedtheaudience'sinterest.引起觀眾們愛好的是這個年輕人怎樣學(xué)會了五種外語。②Whatisitthatyouaredoingnow?你現(xiàn)在究竟在干什么？③Wasitinthisstreetthattheaccidentoccurred?事故是在這條街上發(fā)生的嗎？④ItwasnotuntilImetyouthatIknewrealhappiness.直到我遇到你以后，我才真正體會到華蜜。Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Hehasanaffection(affect)forherlovelydaughter.2．Shesetasideherbookandlitacigarette.3．Allofthestudentsareboundtoobey(obey)theschoolrules.4．Twentypeopleinallwouldliketocarryontheplan.5．Myyoungersisterismyjuniorbythreeyears.6．Mybrotherhasatalentforpainting.7．Thetestsaresupposedtoprovideabasisfortheassessment(assess)ofchildren.8．Ifeelgreatsympathyforthelittlegirlwhoseparentsgotdivorced(divorce)threeyearsago.9．Itwasnotuntilhelefttheclassroomthatherealizedhehadforgottentotidyhisdesk.10．Allthestaffinourcompanyare(be)consideringgoingtothecitycenterforthefashionshow.Ⅱ.完成句子1.他如此努力，我信任他將來肯定會勝利的。Heissohard-workingthatIbelieveheisboundtosucceedinthefuture.(bound)2．他把自己的事情放在一邊來幫我的忙。Hesetasidehisownbusinessandcameheretodomeafavour.(set)3．你昨天晚上在音樂會上看到的是湯姆嗎？WasitTomthatyousawattheconcertlastnight？(強調(diào)句型)4．那個女孩傾聽著，一動也不動，似乎已經(jīng)變成了石頭。Thegirllistenedasifshehadturnedintoastone．(asif)5．直到我兒子八歲時我才發(fā)覺他有運動天賦。Ididn'tfindmysonhasatalentforsportsuntilhewaseight.(talent)Ⅲ.讀后續(xù)寫閱讀下面短文，依據(jù)所給情節(jié)進(jìn)行續(xù)寫，使之構(gòu)成一個完整的故事。Ayoungman，astudentinoneofouruniversities，wasonedaytakingawalkwithaprofessor，whowascommonlyregardedasthestudents'friend，forhiskindnesstothosewhowaitedonhislessonsandinstructions.Astheywentalong，theysawlyinginthepathapairofoldshoes，whichtheysupposedtobelongtoapoormanwhowasemployedinafieldcloseby，andwhohadnearlyfinishedhisday'swork.Thestudentturnedtotheprofessor，saying，“Letusplaythemanatrick：Wewillhidehisshoes，andconcealourselvesbehindthosebushes，andthenwewillwaittoseehisanxietywhenhecannotfindthem.”“Myyoungfriend，”answeredtheprofessor，“weshouldneveramuseourselvesattheexpenseofthepoor.Butyouarerich，andmaygiveyourselfamuchgreaterpleasurebymeansofthepoorman.Putacoinintoeachshoe，andthenwewillhideourselvesandwatchhowthediscoveryaffectshim.”Thestudentsdidso，andtheybothplacedthemselvesbehindthebushescloseby.Thepoormansoonfinishedhiswork，andcameacrossthefieldtothepathwherehehadlefthiscoatandshoes.Whileputtingonhiscoatheslippedhisfootintooneofhisshoes；butfeelingsomethinghard，hestoopeddowntofeelwhatitwas，andfoundthecoin.Astonishmentandwonderwereseenuponhisface．Hegazeduponthecoin，turneditround，andlookedatitagainandagain.Hethenloo