浙江省寧波市奉化區(qū)2024-2025學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期末聯(lián)考英語試題（解析版）

高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1浙江省寧波市奉化區(qū)2024-2025學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期末聯(lián)考英語試題第一部分聽力（略）第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AChoiceofWalksforBeginnerandExperiencedWalkersTheCarlowAutumnWalkingFestivalisagreatopportunityforthebeginner,experiencedoradvancedwalkertoenjoythechallengesofCarlow’smountainhikesorthepeaceofitswoodlandwalks.Walk1—TheNaturalWorldWithenvironmentalistéannaLamhnaastheguide,thiswalkpromisestobeaninformativetour.WalkersaresuretolearnlotsaboutthehabitatsandnaturalworldoftheBlackstairs.DateandTime:Saturday,1stOctober,at09:00StartPoint:ScratoesBridgeWalkDuration:6hoursWalk2—IntroductiontoHillwalkingEmmanuelChappard,anexperiencedguide,hasapassionformakingthegreatoutdoorsaccessibletoall.Thismountainwalkprovidesaninsightintotheskillsrequiredforhillwalkingtoensureyougetthemostfromfuturewalkingtrips.DateandTime:Sunday,2ndOctober,at09:00StartPoint:DeerparkCarParkWalkDuration:5hoursWalk3—MoonlightUndertheStarsWalkingatnight-timeisagreatwaytostepoutofyourcomfortzone.BreathtakingviewsofthelowlandsofCarlowcanbeenjoyedinthepresenceofwelcomingguidesfromlocalwalkingclubs.Atorch(手電筒)alongwithsuitableclothingisessentialforwalkinginthedark.Thosewhoaredressedinappropriatelywillberefusedpermissiontoparticipate.DateandTime:Saturday,1stOctober,at18:30StartPoint:TheTownHallWalkDuration:3hoursWalk4—PhotographicWalkinKilbrannishForestThisinformativewalkledbyRichardSmythintroducesyoutothebasicprinciplesofphotographyinthewild.Bringalongyourcameraandenjoythewonderfulviewsalongthiswell-surfacedforestpath.DateandTime:Sunday,2ndOctober,at11:45StartPoint:KilbrannishForestRecreationAreaWalkDuration:1.5hours1.Whichwalktakestheshortesttime?A.TheNaturalWorld. B.IntroductiontoHillwalking.C.MoonlightUndertheStars. D.PhotographicWalkinKilbrannishForest.2.WhatareparticipantsinWalk3requiredtodo?A.Joinawalkingclub. B.Bringasurvivalguide.C.Wearproperclothes. D.Getspecialpermits.3.Whatdothefourwalkshaveincommon?A.Theyareforexperiencedwalkers. B.Theyarescheduledfortheweekend.C.Theysharethesamestartpoint. D.Theyinvolvedifficultclimbing.【答案】1.D2.C3.B【語篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了參加卡洛秋季徒步節(jié)的幾種步行方案，及其日期、起點和步行時間等相關(guān)細節(jié)?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一部分“WalkDuration:6hours(步行時間：6小時)”；第二部分“步行時間：5小時(WalkDuration:5hours)”；第三部分“WalkDuration:3hours(步行時間：3小時)”以及最后一部分“WalkDuration:1.5hours(步行時間：1.5小時)”可知，PhotographicWalkinKilbrannishForest時間最短。故選D?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章“Walk3—MoonlightUndertheStars(步行3——星光下的月光)”部分中的“Thosewhoaredressedinappropriatelywillberefusedpermissiontoparticipate.(穿著不當?shù)娜藢⒈痪芙^參加)”可知，第三種步行方案的參與者需要穿合適的衣服。故選C。【3題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)四種步行方案中的“DateandTime(日期和時間)”部分比較可知，這四種方案都被安排在周末。故選B。BMostofustakethetaskofbuyingacupofcoffeeforgranted,asitseemssimpleenough.However,wehavenoideajusthowstressfultaskslikethiscanbeforpeoplewhosufferfromdisabilities.That’swhyit’ssoheart-warmingtoseeastorylikethisinwhichabarista(咖啡師)doessomethingsmalltomakelifealittleeasierforsomeonewhoisdeaf.IbbyPirachalosthishearingwhenhewasonlytwoyearsold,andhenowgoestohislocalcafeinLeesburg,Virginiatoorderacupofcoffeeatleastthreetimesaweek.Thoughallthebaristaswhoworktherehavehisordermemorized,Ibbyalwayswritehisorderonhisphoneandshowsittothebarista.Oneday,however,oneofthebaristasdidsomethingthatchangedeverything!AfterIbbyorderedhiscoffee,hewasamazedwhenbaristaKrystalpanehandedhimanoteinresponse.“I’vebeenlearningsignlanguagejustsoyoucanhavethesameexperienceaseveryoneelse,”thenoteread.KrystalthenaskedIbbyinsignlanguagewhathewouldliketoorder.Ibbywastouchedthatshewouldlearnsignlanguagejusttohelphimfeelwelcome.“Iwasjustsomovedthatsheactuallywantedtolearnsignlanguage.Itisreallyatotallydifferentlanguageanditwassomethingthatshewantedtodobecauseofme.BecauseIwasadeafcustomer.Iwasvery,veryimpressed,”Ibbysaid.KrystalhadspenthourswatchingteachingvideossothatshecouldlearnenoughsignlanguagetogiveIbbythebestcustomerservicethatshecould!“Myjobistomakesurepeoplehavetheexperiencetheyexpectandthat’swhatIgavehim,”Krystalsays.IbbypostedaphotoofKrystal’snoteonline,anditquicklywentviral,gettinghundredsoflikesandcommentsthatpraisedKrystalforherkindaction.4.WhatcanwelearnaboutIbbyPirachafromparagraph2?A.Hewasborndeaf. B.Helivesahardlife.C.Helovestoordertake-outfood. D.Hevisitsthecaferegularly.5.WhydidKrystallearnsignlanguage?A.ToserveIbbybetter. B.Toattractmorecustomers.C.TogiveIbbyabigsurprise. D.Tomakeherselfmorepopular.6.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeKrystal?A.Kindandconsiderate. B.Honestandresponsible.C.Sociableandhumorous. D.Ambitiousandsensitive.7.Whatmessagedoestheauthorwanttoconveyinthetext?A.Twoheadsarebetterthanone. B.Asmallactmakesadifference.C.Onegoodturndeservesanother. D.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.【答案】4.D5.A6.A7.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述的是Ibby的故事，Ibby是個聾啞人，他在買咖啡的時候遇到了一位服務(wù)員Krystal，Krystal告訴他，她正在學(xué)習(xí)手語，希望能夠讓Ibby擁有和其他人同樣的購物體驗?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“IbbyPirachalosthishearingwhenhewasonlytwoyearsold,andhenowgoestohislocalcafeinLeesburg,Virginiatoorderacupofcoffeeatleastthreetimesaweek.(IbbyPiracha兩歲時失聰，現(xiàn)在他每周至少三次去弗吉尼亞州利斯堡當?shù)氐目Х瑞^點一杯咖啡。)”可知，IbbyPiracha經(jīng)常去一家咖啡館。故選D?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“AfterIbbyorderedhiscoffee,hewasamazedwhenbaristaKrystalpanehandedhimanoteinresponse.“I’vebeenlearningsignlanguagejustsoyoucanhavethesameexperienceaseveryoneelse,”thenoteread.KrystalthenaskedIbbyinsignlanguagewhathewouldliketoorder.(在Ibby點了咖啡后，他驚訝地看到咖啡師KrystalPane遞給他一張紙條作為回應(yīng)。紙條上寫道：“我一直在學(xué)習(xí)手語，這樣你就能和其他人有同樣的體驗?！比缓驥rystal用手語問Ibby他想點什么。)”可知，Krystal學(xué)習(xí)手語是為了更好地為Ibby服務(wù)，讓他能和其他人有同樣的體驗。故選A?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“AfterIbbyorderedhiscoffee,hewasamazedwhenbaristaKrystalpanehandedhimanoteinresponse.“I’vebeenlearningsignlanguagejustsoyoucanhavethesameexperienceaseveryoneelse,”thenoteread.KrystalthenaskedIbbyinsignlanguagewhathewouldliketoorder.(在Ibby點了咖啡后，他驚訝地看到咖啡師KrystalPane遞給他一張紙條作為回應(yīng)。紙條上寫道：“我一直在學(xué)習(xí)手語，這樣你就能和其他人有同樣的體驗?！比缓驥rystal用手語問Ibby他想點什么。)”以及最后一段“IbbypostedaphotoofKrystal’snoteonline,anditquicklywentviral,gettinghundredsoflikesandcommentsthatpraisedKrystalforherkindaction.(Ibby在網(wǎng)上發(fā)布了克里斯托紙條的照片，并迅速走紅，得到了數(shù)百個贊和評論，稱贊krystal的善舉。)”可知，Krystal之所以學(xué)習(xí)手語是為了讓Ibby能和其他人有同樣的體驗，而人們也為她的善舉點贊。所以可推測Krystal是個心地善良而又善解人意的人。故選A?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“That’swhyit’ssoheart-warmingtoseeastorylikethisinwhichabarista(咖啡師)doessomethingsmalltomakelifealittleeasierforsomeonewhoisdeaf.(這就是為什么看到這樣一個咖啡師做了一件小事讓聾啞人的生活變得更輕松的故事是如此溫暖人心。)”以及文章第四段“Ibbywastouchedthatshewouldlearnsignlanguagejusttohelphimfeelwelcome.“Iwasjustsomovedthatsheactuallywantedtolearnsignlanguage.Itisreallyatotallydifferentlanguageanditwassomethingthatshewantedtodobecauseofme.BecauseIwasadeafcustomer.Iwasvery,veryimpressed,”Ibbysaid.(Ibby很感動，她會學(xué)習(xí)手語，只是為了讓他感到受歡迎。“我很感動，她真的想學(xué)手語。這真的是一種完全不同的語言，她想做這件事是因為我。因為我是個聾子顧客。我非常非常印象深刻，”Ibby說。)”可知，文章主要想表達的是一個小舉動卻讓Ibby印象深刻，并讓他心里充滿溫暖。故選B。CLaughtercomesinmanyforms,fromapolitechuckletoaninfectioushowlofamusement.ScientistsarenowdevelopinganAIsystemthatcancopyvariousformsoflaughteraccurately.Theteambehindthelaughingrobot,Erica,saythatthesystemcouldimprovenaturalconversationsbetweenpeopleandAIsystems.Dr.KojiInoue,leadauthoroftheresearchfromKyotoUniversity,highlightsempathy(共情)asacrucialaspectofconversationalAI,suggestinglaughtersharingasameansforrobotstoconnectwithusers.Toachievethis,Inoueandhisteamgathereddatafromover80speed-datingdialoguesbetweenmalestudentsandErica,initiallyoperatedbyamateuractors.Dialoguedatalabeledforindividual,social,andjoyfullaughterwasusedtotrainanAIsystemtoidentifyandproducefittinglaughterresponses.Basedontheaudiofiles,thealgorithm(算法)learnedtheirsubtledifferences,aimingtoimitatesociallaughssubtlyandheartylaughsempathetically.“Ourbiggestchallengeinthisworkwasidentifyingtheactualcasesofsharedlaughter,”explainedInoue,emphasizingtheneedforcarefulcategorization.Erica’s“senseofhumor”wastestedwithfourdialogues,integratingthenewshared-laughteralgorithm.ThesewerecomparedtocaseswhereEricadidn’tlaughoremittedsociallaughsupondetectinglaughter.Theclipswereplayedto130volunteerswhoratedtheshared-laughteralgorithmhighlyforempathyandnaturalness.Theteambelievedlaughtercouldimbuerobotswithuniquecharactertraits,includingconversationalbehaviorslikelaughter,eyegaze,gestures,andspeakingstyle.However,Inoueacknowledgeditcouldtakeover20yearstohavea“casualchatwitharobotlikewewouldwithafriend.”ProfessorSandraWachter,oftheOxfordInternetInstituteattheUniversityofOxford,said,“OneofthethingsI’dkeepinmindisthatarobotoralgorithmwillneverbeabletounderstandyou.Itdoesn’tunderstandthemeaningoflaughter.Theyfailtofeel,buttheymightgetverygoodatmakingyoubelievetheyunderstandwhat’sgoingon.”8.WhydoscientistsdeveloptheAIsystemthatcancopyvariousformsoflaughter?A.Tomakerobotssoundmorehuman-like.B.Tohelprobotsunderstandhumanemotionsbetter.C.Toenablerobotstohaveasenseofhumorlikehumans.D.ToenhancetheemotionalinteractionbetweenpeopleandAIsystems.9.WhatwasthechallengeInouefacedwhileworkingonthisproject?A.Creatinganalgorithmthatcangenuinelyfeelamusement.B.Identifyingthesituationswherelaughteristrulyunderstood.C.Distinguishingbetweendifferenttypesoflaughteraccurately.D.Collectingsufficientdatafortrainingthemachinelearningsystem.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“imbue”meaninParagraph5?A.Equip. B.Inspire. C.Engage. D.Influence.11.WhatisProfessorSandraWachter’sviewonlaughingrobots?A.Theyarenotcapableofcapturinghumanlaughter.B.Theycanimitatelaughterbutlackthoroughcomprehension.C.Itispossibleforthemtoplaytricksonhumansoccasionally.D.Itwilltakelongbeforehumanshavecomfortableconversationswiththem.【答案】8.D9.B10.A11.B【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹科學(xué)家正在研究的一款可以笑的機器人。【8題詳析】推理判斷題。由文章第一段“Theteambehindthelaughingrobot,Erica,saythatthesystemcouldimprovenaturalconversationsbetweenpeopleandAIsystems.(大笑機器人背后的團隊Erica表示，該系統(tǒng)可以改善人與人工智能系統(tǒng)之間的自然對話。)”可知，科學(xué)家開發(fā)了一種可以復(fù)制各種笑聲的人工智能系統(tǒng)，以增強人與人工智能系統(tǒng)之間的情感互動。故選D項。【9題詳析】推理判斷題。由文章第四段“‘Ourbiggestchallengeinthisworkwasidentifyingtheactualcasesofsharedlaughter,’explainedInoue,emphasizingtheneedforcarefulcategorization.(Inoue解釋道：“我們在這項工作中最大的挑戰(zhàn)是識別共同大笑的實際案例?！彼麖娬{(diào)了仔細分類的必要性。)”以及“Erica’s‘senseofhumor’wastestedwithfourdialogues,integratingthenewshared-laughteralgorithm.ThesewerecomparedtocaseswhereEricadidn’tlaughoremittedsociallaughsupondetectinglaughter.(Erica的‘幽默感’通過四個對話進行了測試，整合了新的共享笑聲算法。將這些與Erica在檢測到笑聲時不笑或發(fā)出社交笑聲的情況進行了比較。)”可知，Inoue在這個項目中面臨的挑戰(zhàn)是確定笑聲的情況是否真正理解。故選B項?！?0題詳析】詞句猜測題。由文章第五段“Theclipswereplayedto130volunteerswhoratedtheshared-laughteralgorithmhighlyforempathyandnaturalness.Theteambelievedlaughtercould

imbuerobotswithuniquecharactertraits,includingconversationalbehaviorslikelaughter,eyegaze,gestures,andspeakingstyle.

(這些片段被播放給了130名志愿者，他們對共享笑聲算法的同理心和自然度給予了高度評價。研究小組認為，笑聲可以imbue機器人獨特的性格特征，包括大笑、眼神凝視、手勢和說話風格等對話行為。)”可推測，這里表示笑聲可以賦予機器人獨特的性格特征，所以猜測imbue表“使……具備”的意思。故選A項?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。由文章最后一段“OneofthethingsI’dkeepinmindisthatarobotoralgorithmwillneverbeabletounderstandyou.Itdoesn’tunderstandthemeaningoflaughter.Theyfailtofeel,buttheymightgetverygoodatmakingyoubelievetheyunderstandwhat’sgoingon.(我要記住的一件事是，機器人或算法永遠無法理解你。它不理解笑的含義。他們沒有感覺，但他們可能會非常善于讓你相信他們了解發(fā)生了什么。)”可知，SandraWachter認為會笑的機器人可以模仿笑聲，但缺乏全面的理解能力。故選B項。DStudieshaveshownthemereexposureeffect,alsoreferredtoasthefamiliarityprinciple,inspiresourdecisions.Itisahelpfulpsychologicalmechanism(機制)thathelpsusmaintainourenergyandfocusourattentiononotherthings.Gettingusedtonewthingstakeseffortanditcanbetiring.Sounlesswehaveaterribleexperience,wearelikelytobuyfromcompanieswe’vegotusedto.Thatiswhycompaniesspendsomuchmoneyonadvertisingandmarketingandwhyinsurancecompaniesopenlychargeexistingcustomersmorethannewones.It’snotthecasethatweonlydesirethingswealreadyknow.Somestudiessuggestwheninvitedtoshareourpreferences,wesometimesseelessfamiliarchoicesasmoredesirable.Butwhenactingonthatpreference,wefallbacktowhatweknow.Thismightexplainwhysometimesthethingswewantandthethingswedodon’tquitematchup.Wemightevenreturntocompaniesthattreateduspoorlyinthepastorstayinbadrelationships.It’seasytopaintthefamiliarityprincipleasanenemyorsomethingtobattleasifitissomethingthatholdsusbackfromlivingourdreams.Butthisattitudemightbeoverwhelmingbecauseittendstoencourageustowardbig-picturethinking.Whereweimaginethatchangerequiresasubstantialdramatic(巨大而突然的)swingthatwedon’tfeelreadyfor.Somearticlessuggestthesolutiontofamiliarityfrustrationiscompleteexposuretonovelty(新奇的事物).Whilethiscanappeareffectiveintheshortrun,wemayonlyendupreplacingoneproblemwithanother.Italsorisksoverwhelmandburnout.Sowhatifwecanworkwiththefamiliarityprincipleinstead?Familiarityissomethingwecanlearntoplaywithandenjoy.Itisasettingforcreativityandapathwaytoexpansion.Wecanbroadenthezoneoffamiliaritybitbybit.Ifwethinkoffamiliarityassomethingthatcanexpand,wecanconsiderchangingtheconditionsinandaroundourliestomakemorespaceforourpreferencestotakerootandgrowgently.Fromhere,wewillstarttomakedecisions,drawingfromanever-deepeningpoolofvaluablealternatives.12.Whatallowsinsurancecompaniestochargeoldcustomersmore?A.Thefamiliarityprinciple. B.Theadvertisingcost.C.Theimprovedservice. D.Thelawofthemarket.13.Whatcanbelearnedfromparagraph2?A.Ourpreferencesaffectourdecisions.B.Therecanbeamismatchbetweendesiresandactions.C.Thefamiliarityprincipleisadouble-edgedsword.D.Familiaritytendstogeneratedisrespect.14.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthesolutioninsomearticles?A.Objective. B.Favorable. C.Disapproving. D.Tolerant.15.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.GentlyExpandYourFamiliarityZone B.StepOutOfYourFamiliarityZoneC.SpareAThoughtForYourPreference D.GivePriorityToTheMereExposureEffect【答案】12.A13.B14.C15.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要探討了熟悉性原則對我們決策的影響，并提出了一種平衡的觀點來看待這個原則，而不是將其視為阻礙，作者建議我們可以通過逐步擴展熟悉區(qū)域來利用這一原則來促進創(chuàng)造性和成長?！?2題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Studieshaveshownthemereexposureeffect,alsoreferredtoasthefamiliarityprinciple,inspiresourdecisions.Itisahelpfulpsychologicalmechanism(機制)thathelpsusmaintainourenergyandfocusourattentiononotherthings.Gettingusedtonewthingstakeseffortanditcanbetiring.Sounlesswehaveaterribleexperience,wearelikelytobuyfromcompanieswe’vegotusedto.Thatiswhycompaniesspendsomuchmoneyonadvertisingandmarketingandwhyinsurancecompaniesopenlychargeexistingcustomersmorethannewones.(研究表明，單純的暴露效應(yīng)，也被稱為熟悉原則，會激發(fā)我們的決定。這是一種有益的心理機制，可以幫助我們保持精力充沛，把注意力集中在其他事情上。習(xí)慣新事物需要努力，而且可能會很累。因此，除非我們有糟糕的經(jīng)歷，否則我們很可能會從我們已經(jīng)習(xí)慣的公司購買股票。這就是為什么公司在廣告和營銷上花那么多錢，為什么保險公司公開向現(xiàn)有客戶收取比新客戶更高的費用)”可知，熟悉原則讓保險公司向老客戶收取更多費用。故選A?！?3題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“It’snotthecasethatweonlydesirethingswealreadyknow.Somestudiessuggestwheninvitedtoshareourpreferences,wesometimesseelessfamiliarchoicesasmoredesirable.Butwhenactingonthatpreference,wefallbacktowhatweknow.Thismightexplainwhysometimesthethingswewantandthethingswedodon’tquitematchup.Wemightevenreturntocompaniesthattreateduspoorlyinthepastorstayinbadrelationships.(這并不是說我們只想要已知的東西。一些研究表明，當被邀請分享我們的偏好時，我們有時會認為不太熟悉的選擇更可取。但當我們按照這種偏好行事時，我們又回到了我們所知道的。這也許可以解釋為什么有時候我們想要的和我們做的并不完全匹配。我們甚至可能回到過去對我們不好的公司，或者保持糟糕的關(guān)系)”可知，本段解釋了為什么有時候我們想要的和我們做的并不完全匹配，也就是說有時候我們的欲望和行動可能不匹配。故選B。【14題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Whilethiscanappeareffectiveintheshortrun,wemayonlyendupreplacingoneproblemwithanother.Italsorisksoverwhelmandburnout.(雖然這在短期內(nèi)看起來是有效的，但我們最終可能只是用一個問題代替另一個問題。它也有讓人不堪重負和精疲力竭的風險。)”可知，這段話表明作者對文章中提出的解決方案持反對態(tài)度，認為這種解決方案可能只是暫時有效，而且可能帶來新的問題和風險。因此，作者的態(tài)度是反對的。故選C?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Studieshaveshownthemereexposureeffect,alsoreferredtoasthefamiliarityprinciple,inspiresourdecisions.Itisahelpfulpsychologicalmechanism(機制)thathelpsusmaintainourenergyandfocusourattentiononotherthings.Gettingusedtonewthingstakeseffortanditcanbetiring.(研究表明，單純的暴露效應(yīng)，也被稱為熟悉原則，會激發(fā)我們的決定。這是一種有益的心理機制，可以幫助我們保持精力充沛，把注意力集中在其他事情上。習(xí)慣新事物需要努力，而且可能會很累)”以及最后一段“Wecanbroadenthezoneoffamiliaritybitbybit.Ifwethinkoffamiliarityassomethingthatcanexpand,wecanconsiderchangingtheconditionsinandaroundourliestomakemorespaceforourpreferencestotakerootandgrowgently.Fromhere,wewillstarttomakedecisions,drawingfromanever-deepeningpoolofvaluablealternatives.(我們可以一點一點地擴大熟悉的范圍。如果我們認為熟悉是一種可以擴展的東西，我們可以考慮改變我們謊言內(nèi)部和周圍的條件，為我們的偏好提供更多的空間，讓它生根發(fā)芽。從這里開始，我們將開始從不斷加深的有價值的選擇中做出決定)”可知，文章主要討論了熟悉性原則對我們決策的影響，以及如何利用這一原則進行創(chuàng)新和拓展。文章強調(diào)了我們可以逐步擴大熟悉的范圍，通過改變生活中的條件，為我們的偏好提供更多的空間，使其能夠生根并溫和地成長。因此，選項A“慢慢擴大你的熟悉范圍”最能概括文章的主題。故選A。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Livingwithotherpeoplecanbetough,especiallywheneachpersoncomesfromadifferentbackgroundandhastheirownideasabouthowtheywanttolive.Thoughhavingaroommatecanbechallengingattimes,itcanalsobeenjoyableandfun.___16___Youcandiscussyourexpectationsaheadoftime.Gettogetherbeforeoronthefirstdayyoumoveintogetherandtalkaboutwhateachofyouneedsandwantsfromtheother.___17___Thisappliestofinances,food,clothes,possessions,useofcommonareasandsoon.Youshouldagreetorespecteachother’sprivacy.Thisisespeciallysignificant.___18___Forinstance,youmaynotmindifyourroommatecomesintoyourroomunannounced,buttheymightfindyoutobeveryrudefordoingso.Youshouldtalkaboutthesekindsofthingssothatyouknowwhattoexpectfromeachother.___19___Sayhelloandgoodbye,askthemhowtheirdaywas,andshowinterestintheirlife.Gettingtoknowthepersonyoulivewithhelpsyouunderstandtheirperspective,andallowsthemtounderstandyours.Italsomakesiteasiertodealwithproblemsthatyouhavewiththatpersonifyou’vealreadydevelopedaharmoniousrelationshipwiththem.Youcanalsobeconsiderateofyourroommateinyourlife.Understandwhat’sgoingoninyourroommate’slife.Youshouldaimtobeflexibleandaccommodating.Yourroommatemayhaveabigtestcomingup.___20___Ifyourroommateisbusyandstressedwiththeirjob,givethemsometimeandspacetorelaxandunwind.A.Youcanspendtimewithyourroommate.B.Youcandiscusseachofyourpreferencesforprivacy.C.Thisisyourbestchancetosetboundarieswithyourroommate.D.Makesurethateveryoneisclearontherulesandresponsibilities.E.Thisiswhatyoushouldknowtorespectyourroommate’sprivacy.F.Theninthiscaseyoushouldprobablybequietandletthemstudy.G.Thefollowingstepswillhelpyouliveinharmonywithyourroommate.【答案】16.G17.D18.B19.A20.F【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了如何與室友和諧相處?！?6題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Thoughhavingaroommatecanbechallengingattimes,itcanalsobeenjoyableandfun.(雖然有室友有時會很有挑戰(zhàn)性，但它也可以是愉快和有趣的)”提出與室友同住會帶來挑戰(zhàn)，但也可以愉快和有趣，下文四個段落分別給出與室友愉快相處的方法：“Youcandiscussyourexpectationsaheadoftime.(你可以提前討論你的期望)”、“Youshouldagreetorespecteachother’sprivacy.(你們應(yīng)該同意尊重彼此的隱私)”和“Youcanalsobeconsiderateofyourroommateinyourlife.(你也可以在生活中體諒你的室友)”，所以G項“Thefollowingstepswillhelpyouliveinharmonywithyourroommate.(以下步驟將幫助你與室友和諧相處)”承上啟下，是最佳過渡句。故選G項?！?7題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Youcandiscussyourexpectationsaheadoftime.Gettogetherbeforeoronthefirstdayyoumoveintogetherandtalkaboutwhateachofyouneedsandwantsfromtheother.(你可以提前討論你的期望。在你們搬到一起之前或第一天就聚在一起，談?wù)勀銈儽舜诵枰裁?，想從對方那里得到什?”和下文“Thisappliestofinances,food,clothes,possessions,useofcommonareasandsoon.(這適用于財務(wù)、食物、衣服、財產(chǎn)、公共區(qū)域的使用等等)”可知，本段建議要弄清楚彼此的需求和期望，要在財務(wù)、食物、衣服、財產(chǎn)、公共區(qū)域的使用等方面達成一致，即要先明確規(guī)則和各自的職責，D項“Makesurethateveryoneisclearontherulesandresponsibilities.(確保每個人都清楚規(guī)則和責任)”與本段主題一致，銜接自然。故選D項?！?8題詳析】根據(jù)下文“Forinstance,youmaynotmindifyourroommatecomesintoyourroomunannounced,buttheymightfindyoutobeveryrudefordoingso.Youshouldtalkaboutthesekindsofthingssothatyouknowwhattoexpectfromeachother.(例如，你可能不介意你的室友不請自來，但他們可能會覺得你這樣做很粗魯。你們應(yīng)該談?wù)勥@些事情，這樣你們就知道對彼此有什么期待)”中“Forinstance”可知，下文是對上文的舉例說明，是對B項“Youcandiscusseachofyourpreferencesforprivacy.(你們可以討論你們的隱私偏好)”中“discusseachofyourpreferencesforprivacy”的舉例說明，上下文語意連貫。故選B項?！?9題詳析】根據(jù)下文“Sayhelloandgoodbye,askthemhowtheirdaywas,andshowinterestintheirlife.Gettingtoknowthepersonyoulivewithhelpsyouunderstandtheirperspective,andallowsthemtounderstandyours.Italsomakesiteasiertodealwithproblemsthatyouhavewiththatpersonifyou’vealreadydevelopedaharmoniousrelationshipwiththem.(跟他們打招呼道別，問問他們今天過得怎么樣，對他們的生活表現(xiàn)出興趣。了解和你住在一起的人可以幫助你理解他們的觀點，也可以讓他們理解你的觀點。如果你和那個人已經(jīng)建立了和諧的關(guān)系，這也會讓你更容易處理你和他之間的問題)”可知，本段建議要關(guān)心室友，要與室友建立和諧的關(guān)系，所以要花時間和室友在一起。A項“Youcanspendtimewithyourroommate(你可以和室友呆在一起)”是本段的建議，上下文語意連貫。故選A項?！?0題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Yourroommatemayhaveabigtestcomingup.(你的室友可能馬上就要考試了)”設(shè)定了室友要考試的情景，F(xiàn)項“Theninthiscaseyoushouldprobablybequietandletthemstudy.(在這種情況下，你應(yīng)該保持安靜，讓他們學(xué)習(xí))”是作為室友的你應(yīng)該做的事情：保持安靜，讓他們學(xué)習(xí)。同時照應(yīng)主題“beconsiderateofyourroommateinyourlife”。故選F項。第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。MycatBoomwasgettingmorefleas(跳蚤).Oncloser___21___,hisskinwasredandswollen(腫脹的).So,Icalledthevet’sofficeandmadea(n)___22___togetBoomsomehelp.Thatmorning,Istartedtogethimintohiscarriertotakehimtothevet.Aswithmostcats,thistaskusuallytookalotoftimeandeffortto___23___.Tomysurprise,Boomdidn’t___24___muchresistance(抵抗).Initially,Ilinkedthis___25___directlytotheseverityoftheflea-causedsuffering.Lookingback,I’dliketobelieveitallpartofabigger___26___.Uponarrivalatthevet,thevetimmediatelyexaminedhimand___27___thathewasallergic(過敏的)tothesaliva(唾液)offleabites.Iwasgivensomemedicineandallseemedright.Suddenly,myphone___28___urgently(急切地)withanincomingcall,andtomyshock,itwasthepoliceontheline,___29___meofafireatmyhouse.Ihurriedhomeonlytoseesomefurniture___30___acrosstheroombytheforceofanexplosion(爆炸).Afirefighterexplainedwhathebelievedhadhappened,includingthe___31___oftheevent.Itturnedoutthefirestartedinoldwires.HewasconvincedthatifIhadbeenathome,I’dhavehadlittlechanceof___32___.Hiswords___33___asurgeoffeelingswithinme.Accordingtothetimelinethefirefightertoldme,thefirestarted___34___afterBoomandIwenttothevettogether.Haditnotbeenforhisrarecooperation,I’dhavebeentrapped.Andifhehadn’thadanallergytofleabites,wewouldn’thavegonetothevet.So,I___35___mylifetothosetiny,unwantedfleas.21.A.attention B.observation C.appreciation D.consideration22.A.appointment B.schedule C.decision D.difference23.A.evaluate B.design C.accompany D.achieve24.A.takeup B.putup C.takeon D.puton25.A.cooperation B.fight C.struggle D.harmony26.A.victory B.ambition C.plan D.trap27.A.included B.accepted C.complained D.concluded28.A.vibrated B.burst C.reported D.unlocked29.A.accusing B.reminding C.informing D.warning30.A.knocked B.lifted C.accelerated D.blown31.A.intensity B.timeline C.consequence D.impact32.A.promotion B.success C.survival D.death33.A.sparked B.reduced C.contained D.weakened34.A.constantly B.accordingly C.long D.shortly35.A.devoted B.sacrificed C.owed D.enhanced【答案】21.B22.A23.D24.B25.A26.C27.D28.A29.C30.D31.B32.C33.A34.D35.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者在的貓因為跳蚤皮膚紅腫，于是作者帶貓去看獸醫(yī)，結(jié)果貓很配合。正當獸醫(yī)做完檢查后，作者接到電話說家里發(fā)生了火災(zāi)，消防員告訴作者如果當時在家，肯定無法生還。【21題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：仔細觀察，他的皮膚紅腫。A.attention注意力；B.observation觀察；C.appreciation感激；D.consideration考慮。根據(jù)后文“hisskinwasredandswollen.”可知，作者經(jīng)過仔細觀察，發(fā)現(xiàn)貓皮膚紅腫。故選B。【22題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：所以，我打電話給獸醫(yī)辦公室，并做了一個預(yù)約，讓Boom得到一些幫助。A.appointment約會，預(yù)約；B.schedule安排；C.decision決定；D.difference差異。根據(jù)上文“Icalledthevet’soffice”指預(yù)約獸醫(yī)給貓看病。故選A?！?3題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：和大多數(shù)貓一樣，這項任務(wù)通常需要花費大量的時間和精力來完成。A.evaluate評估；B.design設(shè)計；C.accompany陪伴；D.achieve實現(xiàn)，完成。根據(jù)上文“Thatmorning,Istartedtogethimintohiscarriertotakehimtothevet.(那天早上，我開始把他放進他的籠子里，帶他去看獸醫(yī))”指把貓放進籠子里的任務(wù)通常需要花費大量的時間和精力來完成。故選D?！?4題詳析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：令我驚訝的是，Boom并沒有太大的反抗。A.takeup從事；B.putup提供，展現(xiàn)；C.takeon承擔；D.puton穿上。根據(jù)后文“muchresistance”指貓沒有展現(xiàn)出太大的反抗，用putup。故選B?！?5題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：最初，我將這種合作直接與跳蚤造成的痛苦的嚴重程度聯(lián)系起來。A.cooperation合作；B.fight戰(zhàn)斗；C.struggle努力；D.harmony和諧。根據(jù)下文“Haditnotbeenforhisrarecooperation”可知，貓很配合作者就進了籠子，體現(xiàn)了一種合作。故選A?！?6題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：回想起來，我愿意相信這一切都是一個更大計劃的一部分。A.victory勝利；B.ambition抱負；C.plan計劃；D.trap陷阱。根據(jù)上文“Lookingback,I’dliketobelieveitallpartofabigger”，后文“Haditnotbeenforhisrarecooperation,I’dhavebeentrapped.Andifhehadn’thadanallergytofleabites,wewouldn’thavegonetothevet.(要不是他難得的合作，我早就被困住了。如果他沒有對跳蚤過敏，我們就不會去看獸醫(yī)了)”可知，作者回想起來感到這一切都是一個更大計劃的一部分。故選C?！?7題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：一到獸醫(yī)那里，獸醫(yī)馬上給它做了檢查，結(jié)論是它對跳蚤咬過的唾液過敏。A.included包含；B.accepted接受；C.complained抱怨；D.concluded下結(jié)論。根據(jù)后文“thathewasallergictothesalivaoffleabites.”可知，經(jīng)過檢查，獸醫(yī)給出結(jié)論貓對跳蚤咬過的唾液過敏。故選D?！?8題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：突然，我的手機因一個來電而緊急震動，令我震驚的是，是警察打來的電話，告訴我我家著火了。A.vibrated震動；B.burst爆發(fā)；C.reported報告；D.unlocked解鎖。根據(jù)上文“myphone”以及后文“urgentlywithanincomingcall”指因為來電話而電話震動，應(yīng)用vibrate。故選A?！?9題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：突然，我的手機因一個來電而緊急震動，令我震驚的是，是警察打來的電話，告訴我我家著火了。