廣東省清遠市2024-2025學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期期末考試英語試題 含解析

清遠市2024~2025學(xué)年第一學(xué)期高中期末教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測高一英語注意事項：1.本試卷滿分150分，考試時間120分鐘。2.答題前，務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準考證號等填寫在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置。3.全部答案在答題卡上完成，答在本試題卷上無效。4.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號。5.考試結(jié)束后，將本試題卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力(共20小題；每小題1分，滿分20分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后面有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答1～4題。1.Whatisthematterwiththewoman?A.Shegetssunburnt.B.SheistootiredC.Sheissick.2.WhyisSardiniaevenhotterthanimagined?A.ItisnearCagliari.B.ItistooclosetoAfrica.C.ItisonthecoastofItaly.3.Wheredidthespeakerscomefrombyboat?A.FromNigeria.B.FromIndia.C.FromItaly.4.Wherewilltheyprobablytravelnext?A.ToCagliari.B.StillinTunisia.C.TothecoastofItaly.聽下面一段較長對話，回答5～8題。5.Whathasbeenchanged?A.MoreparkingspaceB.Allnewcomputers.C.Moresportsequipment.6.Whatwouldthewomanliketodonext?A.Improvethefoodinthecanteen.B.ImprovehousingconditionsoncampusC.Providemorejobopportunitiesforstudents7.Whatisthemostimportantaccordingtothewoman?A.Improvingtheschool'sfameB.Increasingstudents'accesstoresources.C.Makinglifeeasierforparentsandteachers8.Whatdoesthemanlongfor?A.TheschooldanceB.Thesciencefair.C.Thespringconcert.聽下面一段較長對話，回答9～12題。9.Whatdowelearnabout“Lilyontheway”A.ShesharesvideosduringtravelB.Shefollowsapopularuploader.C.ShegoesforatripinBritain10.HowdoesLilyregardBritishpeople?A.Shy.B.Unfriendly.C.Selfish.11.WhatdoAmericanpeopletypicallydoonthetrain?A.Keepsilent.B.Chatwithothers.C.Readnewspapers.12.WhydoBritishpeoplepreferhousestoflats?A.Theyneedagarden.B.Theydemandprivacy.C.Theywantmorespace.聽下面一段獨白，回答13～16題。13Whatcanpeopledoonbookcrossing.com?ABuybooksB.Sharebooks.C.Orderfood14.Howcanmembersgetbookstheylikebetter?A.Bywritingaletter.B.Bycheckinganonlinelist.C.Byaskingtheowner.15.Whichcolorshowsthatbookswereputinthelastthreedays?A.Yellow.B.Green.C.Red.16.Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?A.Awebsite.B.Alibrary.C.Acoffeeshop.聽下面一段獨白，回答17～20題。17.Whoisthespeakerprobably?A.Ascientist.B.Amusician.C.Aprofessor.18.What'sthemostimportantreasonforpoorlistening?A.Alimitedvocabulary.B.Lackofpractice.C.Unstablestateofmind.19.What'sthecommonwrongthinkingaboutlistening?A.Itisanindependentskill.B.JumpingnewwordsaffectsmuchC.Catchingeverywordisnecessary.20.What'sthespeaker'sadvicewhilelistening?A.Ignoreunfamiliarwords.B.Learnnewwordswitheyes.C.Writedownimportantmessages.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共11小題；每小題2.5分，滿分27.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AAreyousomeonewhoiscrazyaboutplantsandhistory?Ifyouare,herearesomeprogramsthatyoucan’taffordtomiss,inwhichyoucanenjoytheoceanofwonderfullandscapewhiledoingvoluntaryjob.AlcatrazHistoricGardensFormorethanacentury,gardenswereanimportantpartofeverydaylifeforofficers,families,andprisonershere.Manyoftheplantsselectedprovedtobeexcellentchoicesforthebarren(貧瘠的)environment.When:WednesdaysandThursday,8a.m.—noonAim:Helprestore(恢復(fù))andmaintaingardensoncetendedbytheisland’smilitaryandresidentsinprisons—addlife,color,andenergytotheRock.Age:Volunteersaged15anduparewelcome.Adultsupervisionisrequiredforteens14andyounger.Noexperiencenecessary.BlackPointHistoricGardensLocatedwithinFortMason,thesitewasdevelopedwithgardensandpathwaysinthe1850sbyearlySanFranciscoresidents.Hidedfromthewindandofferingstrikingviewsofthebayandcity,it’seasytoseewhythehillsidewasafavoredplaceforthecommunitytogarden.When:Thursdays,2—5p.m.,andFridays,9a.m.—noon;1stSaturdays,10a.m.—1p.m.Aim:Helpusrestorethelong-ignoredgardensofEastBlackPoint,agrandparksitehiddenawayabovethenoisySanFranciscobeach.Age:Volunteersaged15anduparewelcome.Noexperiencenecessary.PresidioForestStewards(管理員)ForestStewardstendtoyoungtreesinthePresidio’sreforestationareas.Learnabouturbanforestryandplanting,whileassistingwithforestmaintenancethroughplanting.weeding,andotherstewardshipactivities.When:Fridays,9a.m.—noonAim:HelptendtothehealthofthePresidio’shistoricforests,aswellasrepairandmaintaintheparktrailsandpathways.Age:Volunteersundertheageof18musthavetheparentalapprovaloftheseformssignedbyaparentortheywillnotbeallowedtoparticipate.Relatedexperiencewillbehighlyconsidered.1.Whoarethetargetreadersofthearticle?A.Officers. B.Volunteers. C.Visitors. D.Photographers.2.Whatisneededfora13-year-oldteenapplyingforAlcatrazHistoricGardens?A.Experience. B.Parents’direction. C.Relatedskills. D.Cost.3.Whatdothethreeprogramshaveincommon?A.Participantsneedtosignforms.B.Participantsneedtocolorrocks.C.Participantsneedtocleanthebeach.D.Participantsneedtodomaintenancejob.【答案】1.B2.B3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了三個志愿者項目，分別介紹了其活動時間、目的以及對參與者年齡等的要求?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Ifyouare,herearesomeprogramsthatyoucan’taffordtomiss,inwhichyoucanenjoytheoceanofwonderfullandscapewhiledoingvoluntaryjob.(如果你是，這里有一些你不能錯過的項目，在這些項目中，你可以在做志愿工作的同時享受美妙的風(fēng)景)”可知，本文主要是寫給志愿者的，即文章的目標讀者是志愿者。故選B。【2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)AlcatrazHistoricGardens部分“Age:Volunteersaged15anduparewelcome.Adultsupervisionisrequiredforteens14andyounger.Noexperiencenecessary.(年齡：歡迎15歲及以上的志愿者。14歲及以下的青少年需要成人監(jiān)督。無需經(jīng)驗)”可知，13歲的少年申請AlcatrazHistoricGardens需要父母的指導(dǎo)。故選B?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)AlcatrazHistoricGardens部分“Aim:Helprestore(恢復(fù))andmaintaingardensoncetendedbytheisland’smilitaryandresidentsinprisons—addlife,color,andenergytotheRock.(目標：幫助恢復(fù)和維護曾經(jīng)由島上軍人和監(jiān)獄居民照料的花園——為巖石增添生命、色彩和活力)”；BlackPointHistoricGardens部分“Aim:Helpusrestorethelong-ignoredgardensofEastBlackPoint,agrandparksitehiddenawayabovethenoisySanFranciscobeach.(目標：幫助我們恢復(fù)長期被忽視的東黑角花園，這是一個隱藏在嘈雜的舊金山海灘上方的宏偉公園)”；PresidioForestStewards部分“Aim:HelptendtothehealthofthePresidio’shistoricforests,aswellasrepairandmaintaintheparktrailsandpathways.(目標：幫助維護普雷西迪奧歷史森林的健康，以及修復(fù)和維護公園的小徑和道路)”可知，這三個項目的共同之處是參與者都需要做維護工作。故選D。BBorntoaliteraryfamilyinBeijingin1924,YeJiayinglivedandtaughtChineseinChinauntilsheheldteachingpostsinUSandCanadianuniversities.In1969,YemovedtoVancouver,Canada,whereshebecamealife-longprofessorattheUniversityofBritishColumbia.Startingin1979,shereturnedtotheChinesemainlandeachyeartogivelectures.Sheheldvisitingorhonoraryprofessorshipsatseveraluniversitiesandresearchinstitutions,includingPekingUniversity,NankaiUniversity,BeijingNormalUniversity.In1991,shewaselectedaFellowoftheRoyalSocietyofCanadaandservedasavisitingprofessoratwell-knownuniversitiessuchasHarvard,Yale,andColumbiaUniversity.In1993,shefoundedtheInstituteofComparativeLiteratureatNankaiUniversityandservedasitsdirector.In2007,shebegantosettleatNankaiUniversity.OnNovember24,2024,thishugeliteraturestarpassedawayinthenorthernChinesecityofTianjin.Ye’sdeathisasignificantlossforNankaiUniversity,theChineseeducationandacademiccommunity,andinternationalculturalexchanges.Shededicatedsevendecadestotheresearch,teachingandpromotionofclassicalChinesepoetryinChinaandbeyond.ShewastheteacherofmanyfamousChineseliterarymasters.CombiningherdeepunderstandingofChineseclassicalstudies,andextensiveknowledgeofWesternscholarship,Yedevelopedauniquepoetrysystemcenteredontheconceptof“emotionalresonance”.Hercontributionshavesignificantlypromotedtraditionalandcross-culturalexchangesandpoeticexploration.ShedevotedherlifetostudyingChineseclassicalpoetryanddonatedalmostallherpersonalwealthtoestablishscholarshipsandfundstopromoteresearchandthedevelopmentofChineseclassicalliterature.4.WhydidYeJiayingmovetoVancouverin1969?A.TostudyEnglish. B.Tobecomeareporter.C.Totakeupapostasaprofessor. D.Toacceptaliteratureaward.5.HowmanyyearsdidYeJiayingspendonresearchingandpromotingclassicalChinesepoetry?A.50years. B.60years. C.70years. D.80years.6.Howdidshecreateheruniquepoetrysystem?A.ReferringtoWesternscholarship.B.ReferringtoChineseclassicalculturesC.Referringtocross-culturalexchanges.D.ReferringtobothWesternscholarshipandChineseclassicalcultures.7.Whichisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.YeJiaying’sLifeStory B.YeJiaying’sPoetryWorksC.YeJiaying’sTeachingCareer D.YeJiaying’sAcademicAchievements【答案】4.C5.C6.D7.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。本文主要介紹了著名文學(xué)家葉嘉瑩的生平事跡、學(xué)術(shù)貢獻以及她對中國古典詩歌的研究和推廣?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“In1969,YemovedtoVancouver,Canada,whereshebecamealife-longprofessorattheUniversityofBritishColumbia.(1969年，葉嘉瑩移居加拿大溫哥華，在不列顛哥倫比亞大學(xué)擔(dān)任終身教授)”可知，葉嘉瑩1969年搬到溫哥華是為了在不列顛哥倫比亞大學(xué)擔(dān)任終身教授。故選C。【5題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Shededicatedsevendecadestotheresearch,teachingandpromotionofclassicalChinesepoetryinChinaandbeyond.(她在中國及海外致力于中國古典詩歌的研究、教學(xué)和推廣長達七十年)”可知，葉嘉瑩花了70年研究和推廣中國古典詩歌。故選C?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“CombiningherdeepunderstandingofChineseclassicalstudies,andextensiveknowledgeofWesternscholarship,Yedevelopedauniquepoetrysystemcenteredontheconceptof‘emotionalresonance’.(葉嘉瑩結(jié)合了她對中國古典研究的深刻理解和對西方學(xué)術(shù)的廣泛知識，發(fā)展出了一套以‘情感共鳴’為核心的獨特詩歌體系)”可知，葉嘉瑩既參考西方學(xué)術(shù)，又參考中國古典文化，創(chuàng)造出自己獨特的詩歌體系的。故選D?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了葉嘉瑩的學(xué)術(shù)生涯和她在中國古典詩歌領(lǐng)域的杰出貢獻，包括她的教學(xué)、研究和國際文化交流等方面的成就，選項D“葉嘉瑩的學(xué)術(shù)成就”最能概括文章的主旨，作為標題最合適。故選D。CDeepneural(神經(jīng)的)networksareatypeofartificialintelligence(AI)designedtocopyhowthehumanbrainprocessesinformation.However,understandinghowthesenetworksmakedecisionshaslongbeenadifficultchallenge.ResearchersatKyushuUniversityhavedevelopedanewmethodtobetterunderstandhowdeepneuralnetworksexplaindataandorganizeit.TheirfindingsaimtoreinforceAIaccuracyandsafety.Similartohowhumanssolveconfusingproblemsstepbystep,deepneuralnetworksprocessinformationthroughdifferentlayers.Thefirstlayer,calledtheinputlayer,collectsdata.Thenextlayers,knownashiddenlayers,analyzethedatainstages.Deeperlayerscombinethesecharacterstorecognizemoredifficultpatterns,suchastellingbetweenacatandadog,muchlikesimilarpiecestoformacompleteimage“However,thesehiddenlayersarelikealockedblackbox:weseetheinputandoutput,butwhatishappeninginsideisnotclear,”saysDaniloVasconcellosVargas,anassociateProfessor.“ThisbecomesaseriousproblemwhenAImakesmistakes.Understandinghowitcomestoitsdecisioniskeytoensuringit’sworthtrusting.”Inthisstudy,theresearchersdevelopedanewmethod,calledthek*distributionmethod.Themodelworksbyassigning(分配)eachinputteddatapointa“k*value”whichindicatesthedistancetothenearestunrelateddatapoint.Ahighk*valuemeansthedatapointiswell-separated(e.g.,acatfarfromanydogs),whilealowk*valuesuggestspotentialoverlap(e.g.,adogclosertoacatthanothercats).Whenlookingatallthedatapointswithinaclass,suchascats,thisapproachproducesadistributionofk*valuesthatprovidesadetailedpictureofhowthedataisorganized.Thek*distributionmethodhelpsresearchers,andevenlawmakers,assess(評估)howAIorganizesandclassifiesinformation.ThisnotonlysupportsthelegalprocessesneededtosafelyapplyAItodailylifebutalsooffersvaluableinsightsintohowAI“thinks”.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“reinforce”meaninparagraph1?A.Explore. B.Strengthen. C.Arrange. D.Remove.9.What’sthefunctionofhiddenlayers?A.Telldifferentimages. B.Solvehardproblems.C.Deliverrightinformation D.Conductanalysisondata10.Whatisthemainideaofparagraph4?A.Thek*distributionmethod’sadvantages.B.Thek*distributionmethod’sappliedfieldsC.Thek*distributionmethod’svalueinscience.D.Thek*distributionmethod’sworkingprinciple.11.Inwhichsectionofanewspaperwillthistextappear?A.Technology. B.Nature. C.Society. D.Literature.【答案】8.B9.D10.D11.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述研究人員開發(fā)新方法幫助理解深度神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)運作?！?題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第一段中“ResearchersatKyushuUniversityhavedevelopedanewmethodtobetterunderstandhowdeepneuralnetworksexplaindataandorganizeit.(KyushuUniversity的研究人員開發(fā)了一種新方法來更好地理解深度神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)如何解釋和組織數(shù)據(jù))”及“AIaccuracyandsafety(人工智能的準確性和安全性)”可知，他們的發(fā)現(xiàn)加強人工智能的準確性和安全性，“reinforce”與選項B含義相近，意為“加強”。故選B?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Thenextlayers,knownashiddenlayers,analyzethedatainstages.(下一層，被稱為隱藏層，分階段分析數(shù)據(jù))”可知，隱藏層是分階段分析數(shù)據(jù)的。故選D?！?0題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段中“Inthisstudy,theresearchersdevelopedanewmethod,calledthek*distributionmethod.Themodelworksbyassigning(分配)eachinputteddatapointa“k*value”whichindicatesthedistancetothenearestunrelateddatapoint.Ahighk*valuemeansthedatapointiswell-separated

(e.g.,acatfarfromanydogs),whilealowk*valuesuggestspotentialoverlap(e.g.,adogclosertoacatthanothercats).Whenlookingatallthedatapointswithinaclass,suchascats,thisapproachproducesadistributionofk*valuesthatprovidesadetailedpictureofhowthedataisorganized.(在這項研究中，研究人員開發(fā)了一種新的方法，稱為k*分布方法。該模型通過為每個輸入的數(shù)據(jù)點分配一個“k*值”來工作，該值表示到最近的不相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)點的距離。高k*值意味著數(shù)據(jù)點分離良好(例如，貓遠離任何狗)，而低k*值表明潛在的重疊(例如，狗比其他貓更接近貓)。當(dāng)查看類(例如cat)中的所有數(shù)據(jù)點時，該方法生成k*值的分布，該分布提供了數(shù)據(jù)組織方式的詳細圖像)”可知，該段主要介紹了k*分布方法的工作原理。故選D?！?1題詳解】邏輯推理題。根據(jù)第一段中“ResearchersatKyushuUniversityhavedevelopedanewmethodtobetterunderstandhowdeepneuralnetworksexplaindataandorganizeit.(KyushuUniversity的研究人員開發(fā)了一種新方法來更好地理解深度神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)如何解釋和組織數(shù)據(jù))”可知，本文主要講述了九州大學(xué)的研究人員開發(fā)了一種新的方法來更好地理解深度神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)如何解釋和組織數(shù)據(jù)，主要圍繞人工智能技術(shù)展開，所以這篇文章應(yīng)該出現(xiàn)在報紙的科技板塊。故選A。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Learninganewlanguageismorethanaskill.It'salsoawaytoimproveyourmemoryandyourconcentration._____12_____Ifyou’reateenagerpreparingforacomingexam,itisagreattimetolearnanewlanguagewell.Thefollowingstepswilltellyouhowtolearnanewlanguage.Buildyourvocabulary.Buildingvocabularyisimportantforlearninganewlanguage._____13_____Knowingbetween4,000and10,000wordsinalanguagetypicallymakesyouanadvancedspeaker,butyoulikelycancommunicateineverydaysituationsaftermasteringatleast1,000words._____14_____Sincespeakingandlisteningareimportantcommunicationparts,youshouldpracticetheseskillsregularlyasyoulearnyournewlanguage.Lookforopportunitiestolistentosomeonespeakyourtargetlanguagesoyoucantrainyoureartohearthesoundsofthewordsandtherhythmofthesentences.Copywhatyouheartostrengthenthesounds.Youcanpracticethroughconversationswithothers.Acceptmistakesandlearnfromthem.Mistakesarelearningopportunities,whichareanormalpartoftheprocesswhenlearningalanguage.Youmaychoosethewrongwordorusethepresenttenseformofaverbwhentalkingaboutwhathappenedlastweek._____15_____Setasidetimetopractice._____16_____AccordingtotheUSDepartmentofState’sForeignServiceInstitute,anativeEnglishspeakertypicallyneedsbetween600and750classhourstolearnlanguages.Toestablishlanguagelearninghabits,findwaystomakepracticeeasy.A.Practicespeakingandlistening.B.Takeadvantageoflanguagelearningresources.C.Learninganewlanguagetakestimeandregularpractice.D.Youcanwatchtelevisionshowsinthelanguageyouarelearning.E.Whenyoumakeamistake,payattentiontotheresponseyouget.F.Besides,itgivesyouanopportunitytounderstandothercultures.G.Itisbecauseyouneedtoknowwhichwordsyouusetoexpressyourself.【答案】12.F13.G14.A15.E16.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了學(xué)習(xí)一門新語言不僅僅是一種技能它還有很多的好處，尤其對要參加考試的青少年，所以本文介紹了一些學(xué)習(xí)一種新的語言的方法?！?2題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Learninganewlanguageismorethanaskill.It'salsoawaytoimproveyourmemoryandyourconcentration.(學(xué)習(xí)一門新語言不僅僅是一種技能。這也是一種提高記憶力和注意力的方法)”可知，前文提到學(xué)習(xí)一門新語言不僅僅是一種技能，這也是一種提高記憶力和注意力的方法，推測本句接著說學(xué)習(xí)一門新語言的好處，故F選項“此外，它給你一個了解其他文化的機會”符合語境，故選F?！?3題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Buildingvocabularyisimportantforlearninganewlanguage.(積累詞匯對于學(xué)習(xí)一門新語言很重要)”可知，前文提到擴充詞匯量對學(xué)習(xí)新語言很重要，所以所填空處應(yīng)該解釋重要的原因，故G選項“這是因為你需要知道你用哪些詞來表達自己”符合語境，故選G。【14題詳解】根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容“Sincespeakingandlisteningareimportantcommunicationparts,youshouldpracticetheseskillsregularlyasyoulearnyournewlanguage.Lookforopportunitiestolistentosomeonespeakyourtargetlanguagesoyoucantrainyoureartohearthesoundsofthewordsandtherhythmofthesentences.Copywhatyouheartostrengthenthesounds.Youcanpracticethroughconversationswithothers.(既然說和聽是重要的交流部分，你應(yīng)該在學(xué)習(xí)新語言時經(jīng)常練習(xí)這些技巧。找機會聽別人說你的目標語言，這樣你就可以訓(xùn)練你的耳朵聽單詞的聲音和句子的節(jié)奏。復(fù)制你聽到的來強化發(fā)音。你可以通過與他人的對話來練習(xí))”可知，本段主要強調(diào)了口語和聽力的學(xué)習(xí)。故A選項“練習(xí)口語和聽力”符合語境，故選A?！?5題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Mistakesarelearningopportunities,whichareanormalpartoftheprocesswhenlearningalanguage.Youmaychoosethewrongwordorusethepresenttenseformofaverbwhentalkingaboutwhathappenedlastweek.(錯誤是學(xué)習(xí)的機會，是學(xué)習(xí)語言過程中正常的一部分。當(dāng)談?wù)撋现馨l(fā)生的事情時，你可能會選錯單詞或使用動詞的現(xiàn)在時)”可知，本段給出的學(xué)習(xí)方法是接受錯誤并從中吸取教訓(xùn)，所以這里應(yīng)該和這個話題有關(guān)，故E選項“當(dāng)你犯錯誤時，注意你得到的回應(yīng)”符合語境，故選E?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)后文“AccordingtotheUSDepartmentofState’sForeignServiceInstitute,anativeEnglishspeakertypicallyneedsbetween600and750classhourstolearnlanguages.Toestablishlanguagelearninghabits,findwaystomakepracticeeasy.(根據(jù)美國國務(wù)院外交事務(wù)研究所的數(shù)據(jù)，以英語為母語的人通常需要600到750個課時來學(xué)習(xí)語言。要養(yǎng)成學(xué)習(xí)語言的習(xí)慣，就要想辦法讓練習(xí)變得容易)”可知，本段給出的學(xué)習(xí)方法是練習(xí)，所以這里應(yīng)該和練習(xí)有關(guān)，故C選項“學(xué)習(xí)一門新語言需要時間和經(jīng)常練習(xí)”符合語境，故選C。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。SuzanneHeywoodlivedhappilywithherfamilyinEngland.Shewasjustsevenyearsoldwhenherparentstoldhershewouldbe_____17_____outofschooltotravelaroundtheworld“Myfathersaidwewouldbebackinthreeyears’time,andeverythingwouldgobackto_____18_____,”theauthorsaidinavideo.“Butinfact,itwasalmost10yearsbeforewecameback.”Thatday,thewavesbecamebiggerandbigger,andfinallyone_____19_____overthebackoftheboat.“Iwasthrownagainsttheceilingoftheroomandthewall,hurtingmyhead._____20_____,wefoundasmallislandinthemiddleoftheIndianOceanwhereIhadmyhead_____21_____.Butwewerestucktheresincethen.”“I_____22_____myoldlifeandIknewtheonlywayto_____23_____thisboatwastogetaneducation.”Suzanne_____24_____astudentofanAustralianschoolfor_____25_____coursewhenshewas13.Shebeganstudyinginthesmallroomoftheboat,whichshefound_____26_____becauseshehadbeenabsentfromalotofeducation.Throughherefforts,Suzanneeventually_____27_____aspotinNewZealandbutherparentscontinuedsailing.After_____28_____upenoughmoneyshe’dearnedbyworkingonafarm.Suzanneboughtaone-wayplaneticketbacktotheUK.Nowshewas55yearsoldandsharedhertaleof_____29_____inherbookWavewalkerwhichhas_____30_____theheartsofmillions.“WavewalkerisoneofthebestbooksI’veread.”onepersonreplied,“Thankyouforthethis!Yourstory_____31_____meandIcanchangemylifenomatterwhenandhow.”17.A.pulled B.kicked C.sold D.worked18.A.success B.normal C.necessity D.importance19.A.crashed B.looked C.went D.ran20.A.Sadly B.Certainly C.Luckily D.Gradually21.A.turned B.lifted C.lowered D.operated22.A.wondered B.missed C.hated D.dreamed23.A.giveup B.gothrough C.getinto D.getoff24.A.invited B.associated C.praised D.became25.A.expensive B.informal C.online D.constant26.A.challenging B.easy C.addictive D.attractive27.A.dug B.bought C.touched D.landed28.A.running B.using C.saving D.catching29.A.survival B.travel C.exploration D.experiment30.A.lost B.caught C.hurt D.pushed31.A.comforts B.inspires C.discourages D.changes【答案】17.A18.B19.A20.C21.D22.B23.D24.D25.C26.A27.D28.C29.A30.B31.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了SuzanneHeywood與家人環(huán)球旅行時的冒險經(jīng)歷，以及她通過教育改變命運的勵志故事?！?7題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她只有七歲的時候，她的父母告訴她，她將被帶出學(xué)校去環(huán)游世界。A.pulled拉；B.kicked踢；C.sold賣；D.worked工作。根據(jù)后文“outofschooltotravelaroundtheworld”以及“Myfathersaidwewouldbebackinthreeyears’time”可知，Suzanne的父母要帶她去旅行，所以是將她帶離學(xué)校。pulloutofschool“帶出學(xué)?！薄９蔬xA。【18題詳解】考查名詞詞詞義辨析。句意：“我父親說三年后我們會回來，一切都會恢復(fù)正常?！弊髡咴谝欢我曨l中說。A.success成功；B.normal正常；C.necessity必要性；D.importance重要性。根據(jù)前文“wewouldbebackinthreeyears’time”可知，旅行三年后回來，生活的一切都會恢復(fù)正常。gobacktonormal“恢復(fù)正?！惫蔬xB?！?9題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：那天，海浪越來越大，最后一個大浪打在了船尾上。A.crashed碰撞；B.looked看；C.went去；D.ran跑。根據(jù)后文“Iwasthrownagainsttheceilingoftheroomandthewall,hurtingmyhead”可知，大浪撞擊船尾，導(dǎo)致了Suzanne撞到了頭。故選A?！?0題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：幸運的是，我們在印度洋中部發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個小島，我在那里做了頭部手術(shù)。A.Sadly悲傷地；B.Certainly當(dāng)然；C.Luckily幸運地；D.Gradually逐漸地。根據(jù)后文“wefoundasmallislandinthemiddleoftheIndianOcean”可知，在印度洋中部發(fā)現(xiàn)了小島，是幸運的事。故選C。21題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：幸運的是，我們在印度洋中部發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個小島，我在那里做了頭部手術(shù)。A.turned轉(zhuǎn)向；B.lifted舉起；C.lowered降低；D.operated操作，手術(shù)。根據(jù)前文“hurtingmyhead”可知，Suzanne頭受傷，所以需要做手術(shù)。故選D?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我想念我的舊生活，我知道離開這艘船的唯一方法就是接受教育。A.wondered想知道；B.missed想念；C.hated討厭；D.dreamed夢想。根據(jù)前文“Butwewerestucktheresincethen”以及后文“myoldlife”可知，Suzanne一家被困在了島上，所以她想念過去的生活。故選B?！?3題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：我想念我的舊生活，我知道離開這艘船的唯一方法就是接受教育。A.giveup放棄；B.gothrough經(jīng)歷；C.getinto進入；D.getoff下車，離開。根據(jù)后文“Throughherefforts,Suzanneeventually_____11_____aspotinNewZealandbutherparentscontinuedsailing.”可知，Suzanne想離開這艘船，她知道離開這艘船的唯一方法是接受教育。故選D。【24題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)她13歲時，她成為了一所澳大利亞學(xué)校的在線課程的學(xué)生。A.invited邀請；B.associated聯(lián)系；C.praised表揚；D.became成為。根據(jù)前文“getaneducation”以及后文“astudentofanAustralianschool”可知，Suzanne想接受教育，所以她成為了一名學(xué)生。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)她13歲時，她成為了一所澳大利亞學(xué)校的在線課程的學(xué)生。A.expensive昂貴的；B.informal非正式的；C.online在線的；D.constant不變的。根據(jù)后文“Shebeganstudyinginthesmallroomoftheboat”可知，Suzanne在船上學(xué)習(xí)，所以是上的在線課程。故選C?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她開始在這艘船的小房間里學(xué)習(xí)，她發(fā)現(xiàn)這很有挑戰(zhàn)性，因為她錯過了很多教育。A.challenging有挑戰(zhàn)性的；B.easy容易的；C.addictive上癮的；D.attractive吸引人的。根據(jù)后文“becauseshehadbeenabsentfromalotofeducation”可知，Suzanne錯過了很多教育，所以學(xué)習(xí)對她來說是有挑戰(zhàn)性的。故選A?！?7題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：通過她的努力，Suzanne最終在新西蘭獲得了一個名額，但她的父母繼續(xù)航行。A.dug挖；B.bought買；C.touched觸摸；D.landed獲得（名額、地位等）。根據(jù)前文“Throughherefforts”以及后文“aspotinNewZealand”可知，Suzanne通過努力獲得了新西蘭的一個名額。故選D。【28題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在攢夠了在農(nóng)場打工掙來的錢后，Suzanne買了一張回英國的單程機票。A.running跑；B.using使用；C.saving節(jié)省，攢；D.catching抓住。根據(jù)后文“Suzanneboughtaone-wayplaneticketbacktotheUK.”可知，Suzanne通過在農(nóng)場工作攢夠了錢，買了英國的機票。故選C。【29題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在她55歲了，在她的書《Wavewalker》中分享了她的生存故事，這本書觸動了數(shù)百萬人的心。A.survival生存；B.travel旅行；C.exploration探索；D.experiment實驗。根據(jù)前文提到遭遇海難滯留小島、想辦法接受教育，可知Suzanne在書中分享了自己的生存故事。故選A?！?0題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在她55歲了，在她的書《Wavewalker》中分享了她的生存故事，這本書觸動了數(shù)百萬人的心。A.lost失去；B.caught抓?。籆.hurt傷害；D.pushed推。根據(jù)后文““WavewalkerisoneofthebestbooksI’veread.”onepersonreplied”可知，這本書觸動了數(shù)百萬讀者的心。catchone’sheart意為“觸動某人的心”。故選B。【31題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：你的故事激勵了我，無論何時何地，我都能改變我的生活。A.comforts安慰；B.inspires激勵；C.discourages使氣餒；D.changes改變。根據(jù)后文“Icanchangemylifenomatterwhenandhow”可知，Suzanne的故事激勵了讀者，讓他們覺得可以改變自己的生活。故選B。第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Inthisseason,oneofthemost____32____(excite)storiesintheNBAhasbeentheretirementtourofDwyaneWadeandthetraditionhedeveloped—exchanginghisjerseys(球衣).Sometimes,he____33____(supply)hisjerseytohisclosefriends.Sometimesitwenttotheplayers___34___lookeduptoWade.OnApril10,the37-year-oldstarplayedhislastgamewithMiamiHeat,____35____BrooklynNets,whichwasalsoatopteam,toendhis16thandfinalseason.Heatcoach,ErikSpoelstrasaidWade’s“onelastdance”seasonbroughthim____36____surprisinghonor.Therehaven’tbeenmany____37____(success)starsthathavedonearetirementtour.Inaddition,he,sofar,____38____(achieve)abalancewhichispopularlyacknowledged.SpoelstratoldtheMiami____39____(fan)thathisguidancetookyoungplayersonanotherlevel.Indeed,theHeatwillmissnotonlyhisleadershipbutalsohisskills____40____(promote)duringhislongpractice.“Abigseriesofshots,hispowerfulvoiceinthelockerroom,hisattractiveleadership,hishighlevelIQonthecourt...wearegoingtomissthemall.Youcan’treplace_____41_____(he),norshouldwetry,”youngMiamiplayerJustiseWinslowsaid.【答案】32.exciting33.supplied34.who##that35.against36.a37.successful38.hasachieved39.fans40.promoted41.him【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇新聞報道。文章主要報道了邁阿密熱火隊球星德懷恩·韋德的退役巡演及其最后一場比賽?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：在這個賽季，NBA中最令人興奮的故事之一就是德懷恩·韋德的退役巡演，以及他開創(chuàng)的傳統(tǒng)——交換球衣。修飾指物的名詞stories，需用-ing結(jié)尾的形容詞exciting，表示“令人興奮的”，作定語。故填exciting?！?3題詳解】考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：有時，他會把自己的球衣送給親密的朋友。此處描述的是過去發(fā)生的事情，即韋德過去常常把球衣送給親密朋友，故用一般過去時，動詞用過去式supplied。故填supplied?！?4題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：有時，球衣則會送給那些視韋德為榜樣的球員。空處引導(dǎo)定語從句，先行詞players，指人，在定語從句中作主語，需用關(guān)系代詞who/that引導(dǎo)。故填who/that?！?5題詳解】考查介詞。句意：4月10日，這位37歲的球星在與同為頂級球隊的布魯克林籃網(wǎng)隊的比賽中，完成了他在邁阿密熱火隊的最后一場比賽，從而結(jié)束了他第16個也是最后一個賽季。playagainst為固定搭配，表示“與……比賽”。故填against。【36題詳解】考查冠詞。句意：熱火隊教練埃里克·斯波爾斯特拉表示，韋德的“最后一舞”賽季為他帶來了意想不到的榮譽。此處表示“一個令人驚訝的榮譽”，是泛指，且surprising是以輔音音素開頭的單詞，故用不定冠詞a。故填a?！?7題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：很少有成功球星在退役巡演中能做到這一點。修飾名詞stars，需用形容詞successful，作定語。故填successful?！?8題詳解】考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：此外，到目前為止，他已經(jīng)取得了廣受認可的平衡。根據(jù)時間狀語“sofar”可知，此處為現(xiàn)在完成時，主語為he，助動詞用has。故填hasachieved?！?9題詳解】考查名詞。句意：斯波爾斯特拉告訴邁阿密球迷，他的指導(dǎo)讓年輕球員們更上一層樓。此處表示“邁阿密球迷們”，是復(fù)數(shù)概念，故用名詞復(fù)數(shù)fans。故填fans?！?0題詳解】考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：的確，熱火隊不僅會懷念他的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力，還會懷念他在長期訓(xùn)練中提升的球技?？仗幮杼罘侵^語動詞作后置定語，hisskills和promote為邏輯動賓關(guān)系，需用過去分詞形式。故填promoted。【41題詳解】考查代詞。句意：“你無法替代他，我們也不應(yīng)該去嘗試，”邁阿密熱火隊的年輕球員賈斯蒂斯·溫斯洛說道。此處作動詞replace的賓語，用人稱代詞賓格him。故填him。第四部分基礎(chǔ)知識(共三節(jié)，滿分35分)第一節(jié)單項選擇(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。42.Whenevershetookouttheoldpicture,itremindedher________herchildhood.Ainto B.to C.of D.in【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查介詞。句意：每當(dāng)她拿出那張舊照片，它就會讓她想起她的童年。“remindsb.ofsth.”是固定搭配，表示“使某人想起某事”，故空處應(yīng)填of。故選C項。43.Evenifhefailedinthecompetitionforseveraltimes,hewouldnot________inthenextchallenge.A.losetheheart B.loseaheart C.losehisheart D.loseheart【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查固定搭配。句意：即使他在比賽中失敗了好幾次，他也不會在接下來的挑戰(zhàn)中失去信心。表示“失去信心”應(yīng)用動詞短語loseheart。故選D。44.Sincethecostofproductionwascutdown,greatchanges________inthisfactory.A.havetakenplace B.havetakentheplaceC.havetakendown D.havetakenup【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查時態(tài)。句意：自從降低了生產(chǎn)成本后，這家工廠發(fā)生了很大的變化。根據(jù)“greatchanges”可知，這家工廠發(fā)生了很大的變化。takeplace發(fā)生；takedown寫下；takeup從事于；taketheplace無此短語。故選A項。45.Hewasabouttogetoffthetrain________theearthquakehappened.A.that B