浙京津魯瓊專版2025版高考英語(yǔ)大二輪復(fù)習(xí)專題一語(yǔ)法填空第二部分語(yǔ)法精析第四節(jié)形容詞和副詞學(xué)案新人教版

PAGEPAGE1第四節(jié)形容詞和副詞1．Scientistshaverespondedbynotingthathungrybearsmaybecongregating(聚集)aroundhumansettlements，leadingtotheillusion(錯(cuò)覺(jué))thatpopulationsare(high)eq\x(than)theyactuallyare.(2024·全國(guó)Ⅰ)答案higher解析考查形容詞的比較級(jí)。依據(jù)其后的“thantheyactuallyare”可知，此處用形容詞的比較級(jí)，故填higher。2．Accordingtoareviewofevidenceinamedicaljournal，runnerslivethreeyears(long)eq\x(than)non-runners.(2024·全國(guó)Ⅰ)答案longer解析考查副詞的比較等級(jí)。句中的than是比較級(jí)的標(biāo)記，故填long的比較級(jí)longer。3．Thatmakesherbabyscream，andthena400-poundmaleappears.Hescreamseq\x(the)(loud)eq\x(ofall).(2024·全國(guó)Ⅲ)答案loudest解析考查副詞的比較等級(jí)。由空前的the以及空后的ofall可知要用最高級(jí)。4．Therecouldbeaneven(high)costonyourhealth.(2024·6月浙江)答案higher解析考查形容詞的比較級(jí)。“副詞even＋比較級(jí)”表示“更……”，強(qiáng)調(diào)程度。5.eq\x(Even)(bad)，theamountoffastfoodthatpeopleeatgoesup.(2024·全國(guó)Ⅰ)答案worse解析考查副詞的比較級(jí)。依據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處表示程度的加深，所以用比較級(jí)形式。evenworse更糟的是，可以看作固定搭配。6．Sixteenyears(early)，Pahlssonhadremovedthediamondringtocookameal.(2024·6月浙江)答案earlier解析考查副詞的比較級(jí)。sixteenyearsearlier意為“早在16年前”。提示詞為形容詞或副詞，依據(jù)語(yǔ)境和句意，假如不須要變更詞性和含義的話，則須要填該詞的比較級(jí)或者最高級(jí)。1．比較級(jí)的標(biāo)記詞①填空處后有than，用比較級(jí)。假如有as，則用原級(jí)。②填空處前有even，much，far，rather，alittle，bit及倍數(shù)(twice，threetimes)等，用比較級(jí)。2．最高級(jí)的標(biāo)記詞①填空處后有ofall/among等表范圍，用最高級(jí)。②填空處前有oneofthe，the＋序數(shù)詞，定冠詞the，則用最高級(jí)。3．固定句型①the＋比較級(jí)．..，the＋比較級(jí)．..越……越……②比較級(jí)＋and＋比較級(jí)越來(lái)越……③否定詞＋比較級(jí)＝最高級(jí)④“(倍數(shù))＋as＋原級(jí)＋as”結(jié)構(gòu)⑤morethan＋adj.表示“特別……”4．比較級(jí)最高級(jí)的不規(guī)則變更good/well－better－bestbad－worse－worstbadly－worse－worstmany/much－more－mostlittle－less－leastfar－farther－farthest(指距離)/far－further－furthest(指距離和抽象概念)1．Itisdifficulttofigureoutaglobalpopulationofpolarbearsasmuchoftherangehasbeen(poor)studied.(2024·全國(guó)Ⅰ)答案poorly解析考查副詞用法。依據(jù)句意和句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析可知，此處副詞poorly修飾謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞hasbeenstudied。故填poorly。2．Heryearsofhardworkhave(final)beenacknowledgedafteracustomernominated(提名)hertobeCheshire’sWomanOfTheYear.(2024·全國(guó)Ⅱ)答案finally解析考查副詞用法。依據(jù)空格所處位置可知，此處應(yīng)用副詞形式作狀語(yǔ)，修飾謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞havebeenacknowledged，意為“最終得以認(rèn)可”，故填finally。3．TheyalsosharedwithusmanytraditionalstoriesaboutHawaiithatwere(huge)popularwithtourists.(2024·全國(guó)Ⅲ)答案hugely解析考查副詞?？崭裉巻卧~修飾形容詞popular，應(yīng)用副詞形式，huge的副詞形式為hugely，故填hugely。4．(recent)，caffeinehasfounditswayintoorange，apple，andotherflavoreddrinks.(2024·11月浙江)答案Recently解析考查副詞。句意為：最近，咖啡因已經(jīng)進(jìn)入了橙汁、蘋果汁和其他風(fēng)味飲料。此處單獨(dú)作狀語(yǔ)用副詞。故填Recently。5．Whenthechildrenarewalkingorcyclingtoschoolondarkmornings，cardriverscan(easy)seethem.(2024·6月浙江)答案easily解析考查副詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設(shè)空處所給詞修飾動(dòng)詞see，修飾動(dòng)詞要用副詞，因此，用easy的副詞形式，故填easily。6．Atasteformeatis(actual)behindthechange.(2024·全國(guó)Ⅱ)答案actually解析考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換之形容詞變副詞。修飾動(dòng)詞用形容詞actual的副詞形式actually。7．Steamengineswereusedtopullthecarriagesanditmusthavebeen(fair)unpleasantforthepassengers，withallthesmokeandnoise.(2024·全國(guó)Ⅱ)答案fairly解析考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換之形容詞變副詞。所填詞修飾形容詞unpleasant，故用fair的副詞形式fairly。8．Itis(certain)funbutthelifestyleisalittleunreal.(2024·全國(guó)Ⅲ)答案certainly解析考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換之形容詞變副詞。此處應(yīng)當(dāng)用副詞來(lái)修飾形容詞fun，故填形容詞certain的副詞形式certainly。1．依據(jù)句意和句子結(jié)構(gòu)，推斷是填形容詞還是副詞。原則唯一：形容詞修飾名詞或者代詞副詞修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞或者副詞2．假如確定須要填副詞，要留意形容詞變副詞的規(guī)律。①一般狀況：干脆加lyquick→quicklybrave→bravelyimmediate→immediately②大多數(shù)“輔音字母＋e”結(jié)尾的形容詞干脆加lyunfortunate→unfortunatelyabsolute→absolutelyattractive→attractively③“輔音字母＋y”結(jié)尾的形容詞要變y為i再加lyhappy→happilyheavy→heavilysteady→steadily④以-al結(jié)尾的形容詞，變副詞干脆加lytypical→typicallyeventual→eventuallyoccasional→occasionallynormal→normallygradual→gradually⑤“輔音字母＋le”結(jié)尾的形容詞，去e加ysimple→simplygentle→gentlycomfortable→comfortablypossible→possiblyreasonable→reasonablyprobable→probably⑥特殊true→truly⑦以-ll結(jié)尾只加yfull→fullydull→dully⑧以-ic結(jié)尾加allybasic→basicallyscientific→scientificallyautomatic→automatically⑨特殊留意whole→whollyshy→shylydry→drylygood→wellhard既是形容詞又是副詞hardly是副詞意為“幾乎不”fairadj.公允的，頭發(fā)淺色的，皮膚白的，漂亮的，相當(dāng)?shù)膎.集市fairlyadv.相當(dāng)?shù)?，公允地，竟然?ly結(jié)尾的形容詞：friendly，lovely，lively，lonely，deadly，likely，monthly，yearly，daily，weekly，neighbourlyOnourwaytothehouse，itwasraininghardthatwecouldn’thelpwonderinghowlongitwouldtaketogetthere.(2024·全國(guó)Ⅲ)答案so解析考查副詞。句意為：在我們?nèi)ツ亲孔拥穆飞?，雨下得如此大以至于我們禁不住想還要多久才能到達(dá)那里。so...that...意為“如此……以至于……”，引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句。故填so。1.形容詞修飾名詞或者代詞。2.副詞修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞或者副詞本身。3.尤其關(guān)注“so＋adj./adv.＋that”句型。增分訓(xùn)練增分單句訓(xùn)練Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1．Internetusershave(broad)welcomedthemove，sayingthisisablessingforChinesestudentswhowanttoenterCambridge.答案broadly解析此處應(yīng)當(dāng)用副詞修飾動(dòng)詞welcome，所以用broadly。2．Theyarepretendingtokeepahealthyandwiseattitudetowardfailure(simple)becausethey’reincapableofsucceeding.答案simply解析此處須要副詞修飾整個(gè)緣由狀語(yǔ)從句。simple變成副詞須要去e加y，故填simply。3．“IthinkAIisgoingtobe(great)importantforwhatwedo，”saidJonSnoddy，anofficialoftheentertainmentcompany.答案greatly解析此處須要修飾形容詞important，所以須要用副詞形式，即greatly。4．Justtakealookatarecentstudywhereresearchersfoundthatthefrontpocketsonwomen’sjeansare40percent(short)and6.5percentnarrowerthanthoseonmen’s.答案shorter解析依據(jù)后面的than及and后面的平行結(jié)構(gòu)narrower可知，此處應(yīng)當(dāng)用比較級(jí)，故填shorter。5．Chinahassplendidculturewithalonghistory.Chineseoperaisoneofthe(old)dramaticartformsintheworld.答案oldest解析其次句句意為：中國(guó)戲曲是世界上最古老的戲劇藝術(shù)形式之一。此處是“oneof＋the＋最高級(jí)＋名詞復(fù)數(shù)”結(jié)構(gòu)。所以此處用最高級(jí)oldest。6．However，itcouldleadtoamuch(deep)understandingofhowweallremembertheworldaroundus.答案deeper解析amuchdeeperunderstanding一個(gè)更深化的了解，much用來(lái)修飾deep的比較級(jí)。故填deeper。7．Scullinfoundstudentswhosleptmoreperformed(well)intwodifferentclasses，andhepublishedhisfindingsintwoacademicpublicationslastNovember.答案better解析句意為：斯卡利林發(fā)覺(jué)，睡眠較為足夠的學(xué)生在兩個(gè)不同的課程中表現(xiàn)得更好，并且在去年11月，他在兩份學(xué)術(shù)刊物上發(fā)表了自己的探討結(jié)果。由“more”可知，這事實(shí)上是睡眠較為足夠的學(xué)生與睡眠不足的學(xué)生在課程表現(xiàn)中的對(duì)比，所以用well的比較級(jí)better。8．Imadelife-longfriendsandhadmany(last)memories.答案lasting解析此處須要用形容詞修飾名詞memories。last可以由動(dòng)詞變?yōu)樾稳菰~lasting，表示“長(zhǎng)久的”。Ⅱ.易錯(cuò)練習(xí)1.Honoluluhas(many)pedestrianshitincrosswalksthanalmostanyothercityinAmerica.答案more解析由than可知，用many的比較級(jí)more。2．(sure)redwillalwaysbeabelovedcolorfordesigners，andredshoeshavealsobecomeachoiceformanysupermodels.答案Surely解析副詞修飾整個(gè)句子，故填Surely。3．The(easy)waytogetinvolvedinRedNoseDayistoweararednose!答案easiest解析句意為：參與紅鼻子日最簡(jiǎn)潔的方法就是戴上紅鼻子。依據(jù)the以及句意可知應(yīng)填形容詞最高級(jí)easiest。4．Cornwallhasitsowntreasurestoo-prettyvillagesandtownssuchasStIvesandMouseholelinethecoastline，andmakefortheperfectlocationstospendthose(relax)summerafternoons!答案relaxing解析修飾summerafternoons用-ing形容詞，故填relaxing。增分寫作訓(xùn)練——形容詞、副詞在寫作中的應(yīng)用1．Tobehonest，IhaveoncewonfirstprizeintheOralEnglishCompetition，which，asaconsequence，provesmyability.(2024·全國(guó)Ⅰ)→Honestlyspeaking，IhaveoncewonfirstprizeintheOralEnglishCompetition，whichconsequentlyprovesmyability.2．AsfarasIamconcerned，youaremorecompetitivethananyoneelse，whichwillbeofbenefittous.(2024·全國(guó)Ⅱ)3．Therewillbeallkindsofperformances，includingChinesemusicandpopmusicmadebytheteenagers，whichwillleaveadeepimpressionontheaudience.(2024·全國(guó)Ⅲ)→Therewillbevariousperformances，includingtraditionalChinesemusicandoriginalpopmusicmadebytheteenagers，whichwilldefinitelybeimpressive.強(qiáng)化練(五)Ⅰ.語(yǔ)法填空A(2024·湖南高三六校聯(lián)考)Twenty-fiveyearsago，mostyoungBritishpeoplewantedacareerinlaw，tobeadoctor，ortotakeupsinging.Buttoday，thingsstand1.(different)．Accordingtoarecentsurvey，the“dreamjob”ofyoungpeople2.(age)between16and25intheUKisavideoblogger，or“vlogger(視頻博主)”．Thesurvey，carriedoutamong1,002people，foundthatover40%ofthemputvloggerastheirnumberonechoiceonalistofdream3.(career)．Thechangeislargelyduetotherapiddevelopmentofinformationtechnology(IT)．TheInternetandsocialmediahavemadeit4.(easy)andmoreconvenienttoreachaglobalaudience，withouthavingtoenteracareerinshowbusinessinthetraditionalway.“Inthepast，thebiggeststars5.(make)bytheHollywoodstudios；now，anyonewithacomputercameramaybecomeastar，”saidPhilSamuels,6.expertfromtheUK.“Fromfashiontocomedy，theseself-madestarsinteractonlinewiththeirfansabouteverydaylife.”However，whatpeoplesee7.(be)onlythebrightsideofbeingavloggerandtheyignorethefact8.onlythosewhoaresuccessfulcangainfameandfortune.Actually,9.everysuccessthereareahundredotherswhonevergetoffthestartingblock.Thisiswhysomeyoungpeoplestillshow10.(prefer)fortraditionaljobs.語(yǔ)篇解讀本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。如今，隨著信息技術(shù)的發(fā)展，年輕人最志向的職業(yè)是“網(wǎng)紅”。其實(shí)，他們忽視了這樣一個(gè)事實(shí)：在“網(wǎng)紅”勝利的背后，更多的是沒(méi)有勝利的人。1．答案differently解析考查副詞?？仗幮揎梽?dòng)詞stand，故用副詞形式。2．答案aged解析考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。分析該句結(jié)構(gòu)可知，動(dòng)詞age和其邏輯主語(yǔ)youngpeople之間為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用其過(guò)去分詞形式作后置定語(yǔ)。3．答案careers解析考查名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。career為可數(shù)名詞，且結(jié)合該句中的“alistof”可知，此處表示多種職業(yè)，故用career的復(fù)數(shù)形式careers。4．答案easier解析考查形容詞的比較級(jí)。依據(jù)該句中的“andmoreconvenient”可知，空處與之并列，也用比較級(jí)。5．答案weremade解析考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一樣。依據(jù)該句中的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“Inthepast”可知，此處描述發(fā)生在過(guò)去的事，故用一般過(guò)去時(shí)；依據(jù)該句中的“bytheHollywoodstudios”可知，該句主語(yǔ)thebiggeststars和動(dòng)詞make之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；主語(yǔ)為復(fù)數(shù)形式，故用weremade。6．答案an解析考查冠詞。依據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，該處泛指“一位來(lái)自英國(guó)的專家”，故用不定冠詞；expert的發(fā)音以元音音素開(kāi)頭，故用an。7．答案is解析考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一樣。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該句主語(yǔ)為“whatpeoplesee”，是what引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句，故謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；該句句意為：然而，人們所看到的僅是視頻博主光鮮的一面，忽視了只有勝利者才能得到名氣和財(cái)寶這一事實(shí)。依據(jù)句意可知，該句陳述的是一般事實(shí)，故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，故填is。8．答案that解析考查同位語(yǔ)從句。分析該句結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句，說(shuō)明抽象名詞“fact”的詳細(xì)內(nèi)容，故用that引導(dǎo)該同位語(yǔ)從句。9．答案for解析考查介詞?！笆聦?shí)上，對(duì)于每個(gè)勝利者而言，有上百名其他人還沒(méi)有起步”。依據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處應(yīng)用介詞for“對(duì)……來(lái)說(shuō)”。10．答案preference解析考查詞形轉(zhuǎn)換。分析該句結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處作及物動(dòng)詞show的賓語(yǔ)，故用名詞形式。該句句意為：這就是一些年輕人仍舊喜愛(ài)傳統(tǒng)工作的緣由。BInthepastfewyears，morethanhalfofbookstoresinChinahavecloseddown,11.istheresultofthe12.(compete)withonlinebookstores.ButthesuccessofSisypheBookstore，oneofthe13.(big)privately-ownedbookstorechainsinChina，mayserve14.agreatexample.15．(found)in1993，Sisyphestartedtotransformandupgradeitsbusinessin2009toseekitsprofitability.Now，itnotonlydevotesitselfto16.(sell)books，butcombinesthefunctionsofthebookstore，cafeandthesaleof17.(create)culturalproducts.Sisypheopensitsbookstoresinshoppingmallsinordertotakeadvantageofthelargenumberofconsumersofshoppingmallstosellitsbooks，anditalso18.(able)peopletoenjoyspendingtimereadinganddrinkingcoffee.Inreturn，bookstoreshaveimprovedtheculturalatmosphereofshoppingmalls，so19.ismutuallybeneficialtohavesuchcooperation.Sofar，thegovernment20.(offer)taxreductionforbookstorestoencouragethedevelopmentofphysicalbookstores.Perhapsitisearlytosaytheboomofphysicalbookstoreshascome，butdefinitely，weseetheturningpointtothem.eq\x(語(yǔ)篇解讀本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要介紹了中國(guó)實(shí)體書店的現(xiàn)狀及西西弗書店的發(fā)展歷程。)11．答案which解析考查定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾前面的整個(gè)句子，且從句中缺少主語(yǔ)，所以用which引導(dǎo)該從句。12．答案competition解析考查詞形轉(zhuǎn)換。依據(jù)語(yǔ)境以及空前的定冠詞“the”可推知，此處應(yīng)用compete的名詞形式competition，表示“競(jìng)爭(zhēng)”。13．答案biggest解析考查形容詞的最高級(jí)。依據(jù)空前的“oneofthe”和空后的“bookstorechainsinChina”及語(yǔ)境可推知，此處應(yīng)用big的最高級(jí)形式。14．答案as解析考查固定用法。serveas用作，充當(dāng)，為固定搭配，此處表示西西弗書店是一個(gè)很好的例子。15．答案Founded解析考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。依據(jù)語(yǔ)境并分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，found與其邏輯主語(yǔ)Sisyphe之間為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用其過(guò)去分詞形式作狀語(yǔ)。16．答案selling解析考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。devoteoneselftosth.“致力于某事”中的to為介詞，介詞后面應(yīng)接動(dòng)名詞形式，故填selling。17．答案creative解析考查詞形轉(zhuǎn)換。修飾名詞應(yīng)用形容詞，故用creative修飾其后的“culturalproducts”，表示“創(chuàng)建性的文化產(chǎn)品”。18．答案enables解析考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、主謂一樣及詞形轉(zhuǎn)換。句意為：它也使人們能夠享受閱讀和飲用咖啡的時(shí)間。依據(jù)語(yǔ)境并分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處須要謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞；依據(jù)上文中的“opens”可知，此處應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，且空前的主語(yǔ)“it”是第三人稱單數(shù)，所以填enables。19．答案it解析考查代詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處動(dòng)詞不定式為真正的主語(yǔ)，故用代詞it作形式主語(yǔ)。20．答案hasoffered解析考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一樣。sofar為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的標(biāo)記，且依據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，offer與其主語(yǔ)thegovernment為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以此處應(yīng)填hasoffered。Ⅱ.閱讀理解(2024·天津十二所重點(diǎn)中學(xué)聯(lián)考二)Tinymicrobes(微生物)areattheheartofanewagriculturaltechniquetomanageharmfulgreenhousegasemissions.Scientistshavediscoveredhowmicrobescanbeusedtoturncarbondioxideemissionsintosoil-enrichinglimestone(石灰石)，withthehelpofatypeoftreethatgrowsintropicalareas，suchasWestAfrica.ResearchershavefoundthatwhentheIrokotreeisgrownindry，acidicsoilandtreatedwithacombinationofnaturalfungi(霉菌)andotherbacteria，notonlydoesthetreegrowwell，italsoproducestheminerallimestoneinthesoilarounditsroots.TheIrokotreemakesamineralbycombiningCafromtheearthwithCO2fromtheatmosphere.Thebacteriathencreatetheconditionsunderwhichthismineralturnsintolimestone.Thediscoveryoffersanewwaytolockcarbonintothesoil，keepingitoutoftheatmosphere.Inadditiontostoringcarboninthetrees’leavesandintheformoflimestone，themineralinthesoilmakesitmoresuitableforagriculture.Thediscoverycouldleadtoreforestation(重新造林)projectsintropicalcountries，andhelpreducecarbondioxideemissionsintheatmosphereinthedevelopingworld.IthasalreadybeenusedinWestAfricaandisbeingtestedinBolivia，HaitiandIndia.Thefindingsweremadeinathree-yearprojectinvolvingresearchersfromtheUniversitiesofEdinburgh，Granada，LausanneandDelftUniversityofTechnology.TheprojectexaminedseveralmicrobiologicalmethodsforlockingCO2aslimestone，andtheIroko-bacteriawayshowedthebestresults.WorkwasfundedbytheEuropeanCommissionundertheFuture&EmergingTechnologies(FET)scheme.DrBryneNgwenyaoftheUniversityofEdinburgh’sSchoolofGeoSciences，wholedtheresearch，said，“Bytakingadvantageofthisnaturallimestone-producingprocess，wehavealow-tech，safe，readilyemployedandeasilyoperatingwaytolockcarbonoutoftheatmosphere，whileimprovingfarmingconditionsintropicalcountries.”語(yǔ)篇解讀本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了科學(xué)家發(fā)覺(jué)在艾羅科樹(shù)的幫助下，微生物可以用來(lái)將二氧化碳轉(zhuǎn)化為石灰石，這種方法可以用來(lái)處理溫室氣體。21．Thepassageismainlyintroducing.A．someusefulnaturalfungiandbacteriaB．a(chǎn)newwaytodealwithgreenhousegasemissionsC．a(chǎn)newly-foundtreeinWestAfricaD．thesoil-enrichinglimestonecreatedbyscientists答案B解析主旨大意題。依據(jù)第一段首句可知，微生物是管理有害溫室氣體的農(nóng)業(yè)新技術(shù)的核心，本文介紹的就是利用這種新技術(shù)處理溫室氣體的方法，故B項(xiàng)正確。22．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEabouttinymicrobes?A．Mosttinymicrobeslikelivingindry，acidicsoil.B．CO2canbebrokendownbynaturalfungiandbacteria.C．Themoregreenhousegasis，themoreactivetinymicrobesbecome.D．TinymicrobesgetalongwellwiththeIrokotreeinspecialsoil.答案D解析細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段內(nèi)容可知，當(dāng)艾羅科樹(shù)生長(zhǎng)在干燥、酸性的土壤中并經(jīng)過(guò)自然真菌和其他細(xì)菌的組合處理后，它不僅生長(zhǎng)良好，還會(huì)在根部四周的土壤中產(chǎn)生礦物質(zhì)石灰石，由此可知，在某種特殊的土壤中，艾羅科樹(shù)能夠和微生物相處得很好，故D項(xiàng)正確。23．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph3probablyreferto?A．Carbondioxide.B．Carbon.C．Soil.D．Limestone.答案C解析代詞指代題。依據(jù)畫線詞前的“Inadditiontostoringcarboninthetrees’leavesandintheformoflimestone，themineralinthesoilmakes”可知，除了在樹(shù)葉和石灰石中儲(chǔ)存碳外，土壤中的礦物質(zhì)使土壤更適合農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)，由此可知，it指代的就是前面提到的“土壤”，故C項(xiàng)正確。24．Accordingtothepassage，whatcanweinfer?A．Theactionofthetinymicrobescanincreasetheoxygenintheearth.B．ResearchershavedonetheexperimentontreesinAfricaforthreeyears.C．Researcherstendtousenaturalpowertosolvetheirproblem.D．WestAfricaisoneofthemostpollutedareasallovertheworld.答案C解析推理推斷題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段中的“TheprojectexaminedseveralmicrobiologicalmethodsforlockingCO2aslimestone，andtheIroko-bacteriawayshowedthebestresults.”可知，該項(xiàng)目探討了多種將二氧化碳鎖定為石灰石的微生物方法，其中艾羅科樹(shù)和微生物的方法效果最好，再結(jié)合最終一段內(nèi)容可知，探討人員傾向于運(yùn)用自然力氣來(lái)解決溫室氣體的問(wèn)題，故C項(xiàng)正確。25．Accordingtothepassage，theIroko-bacteriamethod.A．canbeusedtoimprovethefarminglandB．cansavealotofseriouslydestroyedwoodsC．hasbeenpopularizedinBolivia，HaitiandIndiaD．shouldbespreadallaroundtheworldinthefuture答案A解析細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最終一段中DrBryneNgwenya的話可知，通過(guò)利用這種自然的石灰石生產(chǎn)過(guò)程，我們有了一種低技術(shù)、平安、易于操作的方法鎖定大氣中的碳，同時(shí)改善熱帶國(guó)家的農(nóng)業(yè)條件，由此可知，這種方法能夠用于改善耕地，故A項(xiàng)正確。Ⅲ.七選五Behindeverygreatproductisagreatteam.Teamworkintheworkplaceoffersthestafftheopportunitytobecomemorefamiliarwitheachotherandlearnhowtoworktogether.26.Thereareseveralwaysinwhichteamworkisimportanttothesuccessofthecompanyandtothedevelopmentofeachemployee.Efficiency(效率)Workteamsdevelopsystemsthatallowthemtocompletetasksefficiently.27，theteam’sworkpacemakessurethatthetaskiscompletedquicklyandaccurately.Thisallowsthecompanytotakeonmoreworkandalsoletsthecompanyincreasemoreincomewithouthavingtoaddmorestaff.Thisbecomeshelpfulwhenefficientteamsfromdifferentdepartmentsworktogether.Support28.Andastrongteamenvironmentcanactasasupportsystemforstaffmembers.Workgroupmemberscanhelpeachotherimproveperformanceandworktogethertowardimprovingprofessionaldevelopment.Teammemberscometorelyoneachotherandtrusteachother.29，thesebondscanbeimportant.IdeasTeamsintheworkplaceoftenmeettodiscusshowtodealwithcompanyproblems.Whenateamworkswelltogether，itallowsstaffmemberstofeelmorecomfortableinofferingsuggestions.Teammembersbecomeaccustomedtoprocessingbrainstorminginformation.30.A．TherearechallengeseachdayinanyworkplaceB．WhentheteamfacesaparticularlyhardchallengeC．WeallknowteamworkhelpscompaniesearnmoremoneyD．Whenataskishandedtoawell-trainedandefficientteamE．ItisalsothefuelthatallowsemployeesandcompaniestohavesuccessF．ThecompanysurelybenefitsfromvarioussuggestionsgivenbyefficientteamsG．Oneofthemainbenefitsofastrongteamenvironmentistoshareideaswitheachother語(yǔ)篇解讀本文屬于說(shuō)明文，主要從三個(gè)方面介紹了團(tuán)隊(duì)合作的好處：提高效率、相互支持、提出建議。26．答案E解析前面提到團(tuán)隊(duì)合作對(duì)員工的作用，后面提到團(tuán)隊(duì)合作在哪些方面對(duì)公司和員工起作用，故本空應(yīng)當(dāng)跟團(tuán)隊(duì)合作對(duì)公司和員工的作用有關(guān)，E項(xiàng)“它也有助于讓員工和公司獲得勝利”符合語(yǔ)境。27．答案D解析本空后面半句說(shuō)到了“這個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)的工作節(jié)奏能夠確?？焖贌o(wú)誤地完成該工作”，再結(jié)合本段小標(biāo)題Efficiency(效率)可知，本空應(yīng)與高效率有關(guān)，故D項(xiàng)“當(dāng)把一份工作交給一個(gè)訓(xùn)練有素且有效率的團(tuán)隊(duì)時(shí)”符合語(yǔ)境。28．答案A解析本段小標(biāo)題是Support，空后一句說(shuō)到一個(gè)強(qiáng)大的團(tuán)隊(duì)環(huán)境可以為員工供應(yīng)支持，因此A項(xiàng)“在任何一個(gè)工作場(chǎng)所，每天都會(huì)有挑戰(zhàn)”能很好地與下文連接。29．答案B解析本段的小標(biāo)題是Support，談的是團(tuán)隊(duì)成員的相互支持。空前說(shuō)到了團(tuán)隊(duì)成員相互幫助提高在公司的表現(xiàn)、共同努力促進(jìn)專業(yè)發(fā)展，同時(shí)，團(tuán)隊(duì)成員也會(huì)漸漸相互依靠和信任。所以B項(xiàng)“當(dāng)這個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)遇到很困難的挑戰(zhàn)時(shí)”與后半句“這種相互關(guān)系(支持與信任)就會(huì)尤其重要”連接。30．答案F解析空前說(shuō)到團(tuán)隊(duì)成員能更自如地提出建議，以及變得習(xí)慣于加工頭腦風(fēng)暴信息，為公司出謀劃策，故F項(xiàng)“公司肯定能夠從高效的團(tuán)隊(duì)供應(yīng)的建議中受益”符合上下文邏輯。同時(shí)，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)中的suggestions與小標(biāo)題Ideas和最終一段中的suggestions也給出了提示。Ⅳ.完形填空(2024·紹興模擬)InApril1952，Iwas11yearsoldandinthesixthgradeatanelementaryschool.MyteacherwasMissPemberton.Itwasspellingbeetimeinourcity—studentswereissuedwithbrochuresofwordstostudyin31fortheclassspelldowns(競(jìng)賽)．Theywouldleadtoaschoolwidecontestand32qualificationforthecitywidespellingbee，whereschool33competedforthe34ofbeingthespellingchampionofHouston.Theday35theclassspellingbee，myyoungestbrotherwasplayingwithmatchesand36setafireinourapartment.Mymothermadesleepingarrangementsforallofusand37theschoolinthemorningtoinformMissPembertonoftheaccident，38thattheclassspellingbeewasthatday.WhenIarrivedatschool，MissPemberton39measide.SheaskedifIwantedherto40thespellingbeetoanotherdaybecauseofmy41aboutthefire.Itoldherno.Thatday，Iwonthespellingbeeformyclass.Thenextweekwastheschoolspellingbee，withclasschampions42.Iwonagain!The43spellingbeewasonemonthaway.EverySundayafternoon，MissPembertonwouldpickmeup，andwewouldgotoherhouse，whereshewouldhelpme44bycallingoutspellingwords.Afteracoupleof45，MissPembertonwould46metoRettig’sice-creamparlor，whereIcould47ahotchocolatesundae(圣代冰激凌)whichI’dneverhad.Wepracticedevery48untilthecitywidespellingbee.Ididnotwinthecitywidespellingbee，butIstillfelt49tohaveparticipated.IalsofeltgratefulthatIhadsucha50teacherinelementaryschool.eq\x(語(yǔ)篇解讀本文是一篇記敘文，文章主要講解并描述了十一歲時(shí)“我”參與拼字競(jìng)賽的故事。)31．A.need B．exchangeC．preparation D．return答案C解析依據(jù)該句中的“studentswereissuedwithbrochuresofwordstostudyinfortheclassspelldowns(競(jìng)賽)”可知，老師給學(xué)生們分發(fā)了單詞手冊(cè)，以便他們?yōu)榘嗉?jí)拼字競(jìng)賽做打算。inpreparationfor為固定搭配，意為“為……做打算”，故C項(xiàng)正確。32．A.actual B．finalC．hopeful D．lucky答案B解析依據(jù)該句中的“Theywouldleadtoaschoolwidecontestandqualificationforthecitywidespellingbee”可知，班級(jí)競(jìng)賽后便是校級(jí)競(jìng)賽，最終選出參與市級(jí)競(jìng)賽的合格人選。B項(xiàng)意為“最終的”，符合語(yǔ)境。33．A.students B．participantsC．winners D．teams答案C解析結(jié)合該句中的“whereschoolcompetedfortheofbeingthespellingchampionofHouston”可以推斷，學(xué)校的獲勝者們將為休斯敦市拼字競(jìng)賽的冠軍榮譽(yù)而競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。C項(xiàng)意為“獲勝者”，符合語(yǔ)境。3