2025版高考英語大二輪復(fù)習專題一閱讀理解推理判斷題專練二-觀點推斷類

PAGE1-推理推斷題專練(二)——觀點推斷類A[2024·山西六校其次次階段性測試]In2013,GabbyFrostfoundedBuddyProjectwhenshewas15.Atthattime,herbestfriendhadbeendiagnosed(診斷)withamentalhealthcondition,andthatwasthefirsttimeshewasmadeawareofwhatmentalillnesswas.Shewantedtolearnmoreanddevelopagoodsupportsystemforher.MentalillnessaffectstensofmillionsofpeopleintheUnitedStateseachyear,yetonlyhalfreceivetreatment,accordingtotheNationalInstitutesofMentalHealth.BuddyProject'swebsitesaystheserviceisnotasubstitutefortherapy(治療)orothertypesofmentalhealthcare,anditdirectspeopletoresourcesforfurtherhelp.Sincefoundingtheorganizationasahighschoolstudent,Frosthashelpedmorethan200,000participantsfindanewfriend.OnthedaywhenBuddyProjectwaslaunched,sheusedherpowerfulsocialmediapresencetoattractnearly3,000participants.“Thiswasaroundthetimewhenteensreallybegantalkingaboutmentalhealthandfoundasupportivecommunityonlinetotalkaboutit，”shesaid.Oneofthebiggestsocialbarriersshehadtojumpoverwasthatpeopledidn'tviewherseriouslybecauseshewasa15-year-oldgirl,andevennow,she'sstillayoungwoman.“Sometimesit'sfrustratingbecausepeopledon'tthinkwhatIdoisneededortheydon'tthinkI'mprofessional，”shesaid.“Mostpeopleareblownawaythata20-year-oldgirlisrunningthisandthatit'sonepersondoingthisbutnotawholeteam.I'mjustluckythatI'vefoundasupportsystemthathasbeenabletohelpmymomandmewiththeproject.”體裁：記敘文題材：個人經(jīng)驗主題：BuddyProject【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文，講解并描述了GabbyFrost在15歲的時候為了幫助自己的摯友戰(zhàn)勝心理疾病而成立了BuddyProject。BuddyProject幫助了許多有心理健康問題的人。盡管遇到了許多的困難，但她仍堅持不懈。【難句分析】Oneofthebiggestsocialbarriersshehadtojumpoverwasthatpeopledidn'tviewherseriouslybecauseshewasa15-year-oldgirl,andevennow,she'sstillayoungwoman.分析：本句包含了一個定語從句shehadtojumpover，一個表語從句thatpeopledidn'tviewherseriously和一個緣由狀語從句becauseshewasa15-year-oldgirl。譯文：她必需跨越的最大的社會障礙之一是，因為她是一個15歲的女孩，人們不把她當回事，即使現(xiàn)在，她仍舊是一位年輕的女性。1．WhydidGabbyFrostsetupBuddyProject?A．Totreathermentaldisease.B．Toknowwhatcausesmentalillness.C．Tohelpherfriendtofightthementaldisease.D．Tocurethosewithmentaldisease.答案與解析：C考查細微環(huán)節(jié)理解。依據(jù)第一段中的“Shewantedtolearnmoreanddevelopagoodsupportsystemforher”及其次段中的“BuddyProject'swebsitesaystheserviceisnotasubstitutefortherapy(治療)orothertypesofmentalhealthcare,anditdirectspeopletoresourcesforfurtherhelp”可知，她是為了幫助摯友與心理疾病抗爭才成立了BuddyProject，故答案為C項。2．Whatcanweinferfromparagraph2?A．Americanspaylittleattentiontomentalhealth.B．ManyAmericanshavetroublewithmentalhealth.C．BuddyProjectprovidesfinancialaidforpatients.D．BuddyProjectcancurethosewithmentaldisease.答案與解析：B考查細微環(huán)節(jié)理解。依據(jù)文章其次段第一句中的“MentalillnessaffectstensofmillionsofpeopleintheUnitedStateseachyear”可知，在美國，許多人都有心理健康方面的問題，故答案為B項。3．WhatproblemdidFrostface?A．Shecouldn'tgetsupportfromhermother.B．Shecouldn'thelpsomanypatientsatatime.C．Shewasn'tabletoattractenoughparticipants.D．Shewasn'tthoughtwellofbecauseofherage.答案與解析：D考查細微環(huán)節(jié)理解。依據(jù)最終一段中的“Oneofthebiggestsocialbarriersshehadtojumpoverwasthatpeopledidn'tviewherseriouslybecauseshewasa15-year-oldgirl,andevennow,she'sstillayoungwoman”和“peopledon'tthinkwhatIdoisneeded...professional”可知，她面臨的一個問題是人們因為她的年齡而不把她當回事兒，認為她不專業(yè)，故答案為D項。4．HowdomostpeoplefeelaboutyoungFrost'srunningtheprojectalone?A．Completelydefeated.B．Totallyconvinced.C．Stronglyimpressed.D．Fullysatisfied.答案與解析：C考查觀點看法。依據(jù)最終一段中的“Mostpeopleareblownawaythata20-year-oldgirlisrunningthisandthatit'sonepersondoingthisbutnotawholeteam.I'mjustluckythatI'vefoundasupportsystemthathasbeenabletohelpmymomandmewiththeproject”，可知，大多數(shù)人對一個20歲的女孩獨自(而不是靠一個團隊)運營這個項目這一事實應(yīng)感到驚異、敬佩或印象深刻，故C項最能體現(xiàn)大多數(shù)人的心理，故選C項。B[2024·鄭州高三第一次質(zhì)量預(yù)料]Ifyou'veeverhadadog,youknowjusthowdeepaconnectionyoucandevelopwith“man'sbestfriend”.Butadog'slifeismuchshorterthanhumans,about12to15yearslong,whichmeanseverydogownerhastogothroughtheheartbreakingmomentwhentheirlovingpetpassesaway.Whynotmakeacloneofthatdogthen?ThisisthesolutionofferedbyaSouthKoreancompany,SooamBiotechResearchFoundation.Thecompanyhasalreadysuccessfullyclonedatleast400dogs,mostlyforUScustomers,eversinceitpioneeredthetechniquein2005.Now,SooamBiotechhasintroduceditsbusinesstoUKdogownersaswell,offeringthemdogsthatlookjustliketheirlostones.Tocloneadog,researchersfirstneedtotakeaskincellfromalivingdogoronethathasjustdied.Meanwhile,anotherdogisselectedtosupplyanegg.ResearchersthenreplacetheDNAintheeggwiththatfromtheskincellandimplanttheeggintothewomb(子宮)ofafemaledog.Theegggrowsintoapuppyoverthefollowingtwomonths.Thewholeprocesstakeslessthanaday,butitcomesatashockinglyhighprice—around￡63,000.Butifyoucan'tafforditnow,youcanalsosavethecellinalaboratoryandaccessitatalaterdate.However,magicalascloningmightsound,thereisnoguaranteethatthecloneddogwillbeaperfectcopyoftheoriginalone.Justlikeidenticaltwinsofhumans,theysharetheexactlysameDNAbuttherewillstillbesmalldifferencesbetweenthem.“ThespotsonaDalmatian(斑點狗)clonewillbedifferent,forexample，”InsungHwang,headofSooamBiotech,toldTheGuardian.Dogownerswillalsohavetoacceptthefactthatpersonalityisnot“cloneable”.Apartfromgenes,personalityisalsodeterminedbyupbringingandenvironment,whicharebothrandomelementsthatcloningtechnologiessimplycannotovercome,ProfessorTomKirkwoodatNewcastleUniversity,UK,toldThePerhapsbringingourdogsbackbycloningisnotthebestwaytorememberthemafterall.Kirkwood,adogownerhimself,pointedout,“Animportantaspectofourrelationshipwiththemiscomingtotermswiththepainoflettinggo.”體裁：說明文題材：科技主題：克隆狗【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了克隆狗技術(shù)。【難句分析】Apartfromgenes,personalityisalsodeterminedbyupbringingandenvironment,whicharebothrandomelementsthatcloningtechnologiessimplycannotovercome,ProfessorTomKirkwoodatNewcastleUniversity,UK,toldTheTelegraph.分析：which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，在從句中作主語，修飾先行詞upbringingandenvironment;其中，that引導(dǎo)定語從句，在從句中作賓語，修飾先行詞randomelements。譯文：英國紐卡斯爾高校的教授TomKirkwood告知《電訊報》，除了基因外，特性也是由撫育和環(huán)境所確定的，兩者都有隨意性，是克隆技術(shù)所不能克服的。5．WhatservicedoesSooamBiotechResearchFoundationoffer?A．Makingcopiesofpetdogs.B．Givingpetdogsidenticaltwins.C．Helpingdogsgivebirthtomorepuppies.D．Helpingdogownerslovetheirdogsmore.答案與解析：A考查細微環(huán)節(jié)理解。依據(jù)其次段最終一句“Now,SooamBiotechhasintroduceditsbusinesstoUKdogownersaswell,offeringthemdogsthatlookjustliketheirlostones”可知，這家公司所供應(yīng)的服務(wù)就是克隆已逝的寵物狗，故選A項。6．Whichorderiscorrectinthedogcloningprocess?a．Aneggistakenfromanotherdog.b．Askincellistakenfromthepetdog.c．Theegggrowsintoapuppyintwomonths.d．Theeggisplacedinthewombofafemaledog.e．TheDNAintheeggisreplacedbytheDNAfromtheskincell.A．a(chǎn)→d→b→e→c.B．a(chǎn)→e→b→d→c.C．b→a→d→e→c.D．b→a→e→d→c.答案與解析：D考查細微環(huán)節(jié)理解。依據(jù)對第三段的整體理解可知，試驗的第一步是從狗身上提取皮膚細胞，另一只被選擇的狗供應(yīng)一個卵子，將卵子中的DNA替換成皮膚細胞中的DNA之后，將卵子植入一只母狗的子宮，最終卵子在接下來的兩個月中生長為一只小狗，故選D項。7．Whatcanwelearnaboutdogcloningfromthepassage?A．Ithasnotbeenputintopracticeuntilrecently.B．ItisverypopularamongUSandUKpetowners.C．Itmightnotgivetheownersanexactlysamedog.D．Itisveryexpensiveandusuallytakeshalfayeartocomplete.答案與解析：C考查細微環(huán)節(jié)理解。依據(jù)第五段第一句“However,magicalascloningmightsound,thereisnoguaranteethatthecloneddogwillbeaperfectcopyoftheoriginalone”可知，克隆狗和原來的狗可能并非完全一樣，故選C項。干擾項分析：A項錯在這項技術(shù)最近才投入運用，這與其次段中提到的“itpioneeredthetechniquein2005”不符；B項文中沒有提及；D項與第四段第一句“Thewholeprocesstakeslessthanaday,butitcomesatashockinglyhighprice—around￡63,000”不符，故解除A、B、D三項。8．WhatdoesKirkwoodthinkofdogcloning?A．Hedisagreeswithit.B．Hesupportsit.C．Heiscuriousaboutit.D．Hethinksitunbelievable.答案與解析：A考查觀點看法。依據(jù)最終一段Kirkwood說的話“Animportantaspectofourrelationshipwiththemiscomingtotermswiththepainoflettinggo”可知，他認為人類和寵物狗之間的關(guān)系的一個重要方面是要接受失去它們的苦痛。由此可推知，Kirkwood并不贊成克隆狗，故選A項。C[2024·貴州適應(yīng)性測試]Almostallcalligraphy(書法)loversagreethatwritingcharacterswithabrushandinkonstrawpaperoffersawaytocommunicatewithnotonlyhistoryandculture,butalsooneself.ButnowChinesecharacterhandwritingisunderthreatfromcomputersandmobilephones.Acollegegraduatelookingforajobwasreportedlyturneddownbyacompanybecausehewrote24charactersincorrectlyina400-characterhandwrittenresume.AsurveybyHorizonKey,coveringpeoplefrom12majorcitiesinChina,foundthatnearlyonethirdofthoseinterviewedoftenexperience“characteramnesia(遺忘)”，with94percentsayingthisisaproblemforthem.ThemainreasonisthatmostChineserelytoomuchonthepinyin-basedChineselanguageinputmethod,whichisreplacingthetraditionofwritingcharactersstroke(筆畫)bystroke.Thesoftwarewillconvenientlychoosetherightcharactersaccordingtothecontextorwordfrequency,astherearedozensofcharacterswiththesamepronunciationinChinese.Educationisanotherproblem.Incollege,mosthomeworkandpapersareprintedout,insteadofhandwritten.Andfewteachersusechalkandblackboards,withMicrosoft'sPowerPointthemost-oftenusedsoftwaretoteachknowledgetostudents.ThenumberofelectronicdevicesintheclassroomisthoughttobeanotherreasonwhystudentsareeasilysatisfiedwithjustapoorknowledgeoftheChineselanguageandcharacters.Itisquickertolookupacharacterinanelectronicdictionary,buttraditionalprinteddictionariesoffermoredetailedinformationontheusageandmeaningofthecharacters.Studentspaymoreattentiontorememberingacharacter'spronunciation,butnottheotherknowledgerelatedtoit,whiche-dictionariesrarelyprovide.Anotherworryisthe“pollution”ofChinesecharactersbyInternetlanguage.YoungpeopleregardusingInternetlanguageascoolandfashionable.Aftertheylearntousetheseexpressions,theyautomaticallyincludethemintheirwriting.體裁：說明文題材：社會文化主題：漢字書寫面臨威逼【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文，隨著電腦上的漢語輸入法、辦公軟件以及電子產(chǎn)品的影響，人們手寫漢字的實力在減弱?！倦y句分析】Thesoftwarewillconvenientlychoosetherightcharactersaccordingtothecontextorwordfrequency,astherearedozensofcharacterswiththesamepronunciationinChinese.分析：句中“asthereare...inChinese”為as引導(dǎo)的緣由狀語從句。譯文：這種軟件可以依據(jù)上下文或詞語出現(xiàn)的頻率，便利地選擇正確的文字，因為在漢語中，有許多文字有相同的發(fā)音。9．Withtheexampleofacollegegraduate,theauthorshows________.A．thatpracticingcanimprovewritingB．why