2023年全國碩士研究生入學統(tǒng)一考試英語二真題

2023年全國碩士研究生入學統(tǒng)一考試

英語二真題

考生考前須知：

1考生必須嚴格遵守各項考場規(guī)那么。

2答題前，考生應(yīng)按準考證上的有關(guān)內(nèi)容填寫答題9上的''考生姓名"、A報考單位"、''考生編號”等信息。

3答案必須按要求填涂或書寫在指定的答題卡上。

⑴英語知識運用，閱讀理解A節(jié)'B節(jié)的答案填涂在答題卡1上。填涂局部應(yīng)該按照答題卡.匕的要求

用2B鉛筆完成。如需改動，必須用橡皮擦干凈.

⑵英譯漢和寫作局部必須用藍黑色字跡鋼筆、圓珠筆或簽字筆在答題卡2上做答。字跡要清楚。

4.考試結(jié)束，將試題，答題卡1和答題卡2一并裝入試題袋中交回。

SectionIUseofEnglish

Directions:

Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDon

ANSWERSHEET.(10points)

Thinnerisn'talwaysbetter.Anumberofstudieshave_1___thatnormal-weightpeopleareinfactat

higherriskofsomediseasescomparedtothosewhoareoverweight.Andtherearehealthconditionsfor

whichbeingoverweightisactually___2___.Forexample,heavierwomenarelesslikelytodevelop

calciumdeficiencythanthinwomen.___3___amongtheelderly,beingsomewhatoverweightisoftenan

___4___ofgoodhealth.

Ofevengreater___5isthefactthatobesityturnsouttobeverydifficulttodefine.Itisoftendefined

___6___bodymassindex,orBMI.BMI___7_bodymassdividedbythesquareofheight.Anadultwith

aBMIof18to25isoftenconsideredtobenormalweight.Between25and30isoverweight.Andover30

isconsideredobese.Obesity,___8___,canbedividedintomoderatelyobese,severelyobese,andvery

severelyobese.

Whilesuchnumericalstandardsseem9,theyarenot.Obesityisprobablylessamatterofweightthan

bodyfat.SomepeoplewithahighBMIareinfactextremelyfit,10otherswithalowBMImaybeinpoor

11.Forexample,manycollegiateandprofessionalfootballplayers12asobese,thoughtheirpercentage

bodyfatislow.Conversely,someonewithasmallframemayhavehighbodyfatbuta13BMI.

Todaywehavea(an)_14_tolabelobesityasadisgrace.Theoverweightaresometimes_15_inthemedia

withtheirfacescovered.Stereotypes_16_withobesityincludelaziness,lackofwillpower,aidlower

prospectsforsuccess.Teachers,employers,andhealthprofessionalshavebeenshowntoharborbiases

againsttheobese._17_veryyoungchildrentendtolookdownontheoverweight,andteasingaboutbody

buildhaslongbeenaprobleminschools.

1.[A]denied[B]conduced[C]doubled[D]ensured

2.[A]protective[B]dangerous[C]sufficient[D]troublesome

3.[A]Instead[B]However[C]Likewise[D]Therefore

4.[A]indicator[B]objective[C]origin[D]example

5.[A]impact[B]relevance[C]assistance[D]concern

6.[A]intermsof[B]incaseof[C]infavorof[D]inof

7.[A]measures[B]determines[C]equals[D]modifies

8.[A]inessence[B]incontrast[C]inturn[D]inpart

9.[A]complicated[B]conservative[C]variable[D]straightforward

10.[A]so[B]unlike[C]since[D]unless

11.[A]shape[B]spirit[C]balance[D]taste

12.[A]start[B]quality[C]retire[D]stay

13.[A]strange[B]changeable[C]normal[D]constant

14.[A]option[B]reason[C]opportunity[D]tendency

15.[A]employed[B]pictured[C]imitated[D]monitored

16.[A]opportunity[B]combined[C]settled[D]associated

17.[A]Even[B]Still[C]Yet[D]Only

18.[A]despised[B]corrected[C]ignored[D]grounded

19.[A]discussions[B]businesses[C]policies[D]studies

20.[A]for[B]against[C]with[D]without

SectionIIReadingComprehensionPartA

Directions:

Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.Markyour

answersonANSWERSHEET.(40points)

Text1

Whatwouldyoudowith590m?ThisisnowaquestionforGloriaMackenzie,an84-year-oldwidowwho

recentlyemergedfromhersmall,tin-roofedhouseinFloridatocollectthebiggestundividedlottery

jackpotinhistory.Ifshehopeshernew-foundfortunewillyieldlastingfeelingsoffulfillment,shecould

dowcrsethanreadHappyMoneybyFlizahpthDumnandMichaelNorton.

Thesetwoacademicsuseanarrayofbehavioralresearchtoshowthatthemostrewardingwaystospend

rroneycanbecounterintuitive.Fantasiesofgreatwealthofterinvolvevisionsoffancycarsand

extravaganthomes.Yetsatisfactionwiththesematerialpurchaseswearsofffairlyquicklywhetwasonce

excitingandnewbecomesold-hat;regretcreepsin.Itisfarbettertospendmoneyonexperences,say

MsDumnandMrNorton,likein:erestingtrips,uniquemealsorevengoingtothecinema.These

purchasesoftenbecomemorevaluablewithtime-asstoriesormemories-particularlyiftheyinvolve

feelingmoreconnectedtoothers.

Thisslimvolumeispackedwithtipstohelpwageslavesaswellaslotterywinnersgetthemost

"happinessbangforyourbuck."Itseemsmostpeoplewouldbebetteroffiftheycouldshortentheir

commutestowork,spendmoretimewithfriendsandfamilyandlessofitwatchingtelevision(something

theaverageAmericanspendsawhoppingtwomonthsayeardoing,andishardlyjollierforit).Buyinggifts

orgivingtocharityisoftenmorepleasurablethanpurchasingthingsforoneself,andluxuriesaremost

enjoyablewhentheyareconsumedsparingly.ThisisapparentlythereasonMacDonald'srestrictsthe

availabilityofitspopularMcRib-amarketingtrickthathasturnedtheporksandwichintoanobjectof

obsession.

Readersof''HappyMoneywareclearlyaprivilegedlot,anxiousaboutfulfillment,nothunger.Moneymay

notquitebuyhappiness,butpeopleinwealthiercountriesaregenerallyhappierthanthoseinpoorones.

Yetthelinkbetweenfeelinggoodandspendingmoneyonotherscanbeseenamongrichandpoorpeople

aroundtheworld,andscarcityenhancesthepleasureofmostthingsformostpeople.Noteveryonewill

agreewiththeauthors'policyideas,whichrangefrommandatingmoreholidaytimetoreducingtax

incentivesforAmericanhomebuyers.Butmostpeoplewillcomeawayfromthisbookbelievingitwas

rroneywellspent.

21.AccordingtoDumnandNortonzwhichofthefollowingisthemostrewardingpurchase?

[A]Abighouse

[B]Aspecialtour

[C]Astylishcar

[D]Arichmeal

22.Theauthor'sattitudetowardAmericans,watchingTVis

[A]critical

[B]supportive

[C]sympathetic

[D]ambiguous

23.Macribismentionedinparagraph3toshowthat

[A]consumersaresometimesirrational

[B]popularityusuallycomesafterquality

[C]marketingtricksareaftereffective

[D]raritygenerallyincreasespleasure

24.Accordingtothelastparagraph,HappyMoney

[A]hasleftmuchmomforrpadprq'criticiqm

[B]mayprovetobeaworthwhilepurchase

[C]haspredictedawiderincomegapintheus

[D]maygiveitsreadersasenseofachievement

25.Thistextmainlydiscusseshowto

[A]balancefeelinggoodandspendingmoney

[B]spendlargesumsofmoneywoninlotteries[C]obtainlastingsatisfactionfrommoneyspent

[D]becomemorereasonableinspendingonluxuries

Text2

ATarticleinScientificAmericahaspointedoutthatempiricalresearchsaysthat,actually,ycuthink

you'remorebeautifulthanyouare.Wehaveadeep-seatedneedtofeelgoodaboutourselvesandwe

naturallyemployanumberofself-enhancingstrategiestoresearchintowhatthecallthe"aboveaverage

effect",or''illusorysuperiority*,andshownthat,forexample,70%ofusrateourselvesasabove

averageinleadership,93%indrivingand85%atgettingonv/ellwithothers—allobviouslystatistical

impossibilities.

Werosetintourmemoriesandoutourselvesintoself-affirmingsituations.Webecomedefensivewhen

criticized,andapplynegativestereotypestootherstoboostourownesteem,westalkaroundthinking

we'rehotstuff.

PsychologistandbehavioralscientistNicholasEpleyoversawakeystudyingintoself-enhancementand

attractiveness.Ratherthathavepeoplesimplyratetheirbeautycompresswithothers,heaskedthemto

identifyanoriginalphotograghofthemselves7fromalineupincludingversionsthathadbeenalteredto

appearmoreandlessattractive.Visualrecognition,readsthestudy,is"anautomaticpsychological

processoccurringrapidlyandintuitivelywithlittleornoapparentconsciousdeliberation",.Ifthesubjects

quicklychoseafalselyflatteringimage-whichmustdid-theygenuinelybelieveditwasreallyhowthey

looked.Epleyfoundnosignificantgenderdifferenceinresponses.Norwasthereanyevidencethat,those

whoself-enhancethemust(thatisztheparticipantswhothoughtthemostpositivelydoctoredpicture

werereal)weredoingsotomakeupforprofoundinsecurities.Infactthosewhothoughtthattheimages

higheruptheattractivenessscalewererealdirectlycorrespondedwiththosewhoshowedothermakers

forhavinghigherself-esteem.''Idon'tthinkthefindingsthatwehavinghaveareanyevidenceofpersonal

delusion",saysEpley.''It'sareflectionsimplyofpeoplegenerallythinkingwellofthemselves*.Ifyouare

depressed,youwon'tbeself-enhancing.KnowingtheresultsofEpley'sstudyjtmakessensethatwhy

peopleheatphotographsofthemselvesViscerally-ononelevel,theydon'tevenrecognisethepersonin

thepictureasthemselves,Facebooktherefore,\saself-enhancer'sparadise,wherepeoplecanshareonly

themostflatteringphotos,thecreamoftheirwit,style,beauty,intellectandlifestyleit'snotthatpeople's

profilesaredishonest,sayscatalinatomaofWiscon—Madisonuniversitybuttheyportrayanidealized

versionofthemselves.

26.Accordingtothefirstparagraph,socialpsychologisthavefoundthat.

[A]ourself-ratingsareunrealisticallyhigh

[B]illusorysuperiorityisbaselesseffect

[C]ourneedforleadershipisunnatural

[D]self-enhancingstrategiesareineffective

27.Visualrecognitionisbelievedtobepeople's

[A]rapidwatching

[B]consciouschoice

[C]intuitiveresponse

[D]automaticself-defence

28.Epleyfoundthatpeoplewithhigherself-esteemtendedto

[A]undereblinidleLheirinsecurilitb

[B]believeintheirattractiveness

[C]coveruptheirdepressions

[D]oversimplifytheirillusions

29.Theword''VisceraIlyw(Line2,para.5)isclosestinmeaningto.

[A]instinctively

[B]occasionally

[C]particularly

[D]aggressively

30.ItcanbeinferredthatFacebookisself-enhancer'sparadisebecausepeoplecan.

[A]presenttheirdishonestprofiles

[B]definetheirtraditionallifestyles

[C]sharetheirintellectualpursuits

[D]withholdtheirunflatteringsides

Text3

Cryingishardlyanactivityencouragedbysociety.Tears,betheyofSOITOW,anger,onj

oy,typicallymakeAmericansfeeluncomforublcandembarrassed.Theshedderoftearsis

likelytoapologize,evenwhenadevastating（消滅性的）tragedywastheprovocation.T

heobserveroftearsislikelytodoeverythingpossibletoputanendtotheemotionalo

uipouring.Butjudgingformrecentstudiesofcryingbehavior,linksbetweenillnessandc

ryingandthechemicalcompositionoftears,boththoseresponsestotearsareofteninap

propriateandmayevenbecounterproductive.

Humansaretheonlyanimalsdefinitelyknowntoshedemotionaltears.Sinceevolutionh

asgivenrisetofew,ifany,purposelessphysiologicalresponset,itislogicaltoassumet

hatcryinghasoneormorefunctionsthatenhancesurvival.

Althoughsomeobservershavesuggestedthatcryingisawaytoelicitassistanceformot

hers（asacryingbabymightfromitsmother）,thesheddingoftearsishardlynecessary

togethelp.Vocalcrieswouldhavebeenquiteenough,morelikelythantearstogainatt

ention,So,itappears,theremustbesomethingspecialabouttearsthemselves.

Indeed,thenewstudiessuggestthatemotionaltearsmayplayadirectroleinalleviating

stress,UniversityofMinnesotaresearcherswhoarestudyingthechemicalcompositiono

ftearshaverecentlyisolatedtwoimportantchemicalsfromemotionaltears.Bothchemica

Isarefoundonlyintearsthatareshedinresponsetoemotion.Tearsshedbecauseofe

xposureto=cutonionwouldcontainnosuchsubstance.

Researchersatseveralotherinstitutionsarcinvestigatingtheusefulnessoftearsasamca

nsofdiagnosinghumanillsandmonitoringdrugs.

AtTulaneUniversity'sTeatAnalysisLaboratoryDr.PeterKastlandhiscolleaguesreport

thattheycanusetearstodetectdrugabuseandexposuretomedication（藥物），todetermi

utwhetheraconliiullensfilspiopcrlyofwhyitmaybuuiiuoiiiforlablc,lostudytheuau

sesof“dryeye"syndromeandtheeffectsofeyesurgery,andperhapseventomeasure

exposuretoenvironmentalpollutants.

AtColumbiaUniversityDt.LiasyFarisandcolleaguesarestudyingtearsforcluestothe

diagnosisofdiseasesawayfromtheeyes.Tearscanbeobtainedpainlesslywithoutinvad

ingthebodyandonlytinyamountsareneededtoperformhighlyrefinedanalyses.

31.Itisknownfromthefirstparagraphthat.

A)sheddingtearsgivesunpleasantfeelingstoAmerican

B)cryingmayoftenimitatepeopleorevenresultintragedy

C)cryingusuallywinssympathyfromotherpeople

D)onewhoshedstearsinpublicwillbeblamed

32.Whatdoes“boththoseresponsestotears”(Line6,Para,1)referto?

A)CryingoutofSOITOWandsheddingtearsforhappiness.

B)Theembarrassmentandunpleasantsensationoftheobservers.

C)Thetearshedder'sapologyandtheobserver'sefforttostopthecrying.

D)Linkingillnesswithcryingandfindingthechemicalcompositionoftears.

33.“Counterproductive”(Lines6-7,Para,1)veryprobablymeans”〃.

A)havingnoeffectatall

B)leadingtotension

C)producingdisastrousimpact

D)harmfultohealth

34.Whitldoestheaulhorsayiiboulcrying?

A)Itisapointlessphysiologicalresponsetotheenvironment.

B)Itmusthavearoletoplayinman'ssurvival.

C)Itismeanttogetattentionandassistance.

D)Itusuallyproducesthedesiredeffect.

35.Whatcanbeinferredfromthenewstudiesoftears?

A)Emotionaltearshavethefunctionofreducingstress.

B)Exposuretoexcessivemedicationmayincreaseemotionaltears.

C)Emotionaltearscangiveriseto“dryeye"syndromeinsomecases.

D)Environmentalpollutantscaninducethesheddingofemotionaltears.

Text4

Whenthegovernmenttalksaboutinfrastructurecontributingtotheeconomythefocusisusuallyonroads,

railways,broadbandandenergy.Housingisseldommentioned.

Whyisthat?Tosomeextentthehousingsectormustshouldertheblame.Wehavenotbeengoodat

communicatingtherealvaluethathousingcancontributetoeconomicgrowth.Thenthereisthescaleof

thetypicalhousingproject.Itishardtoshoveforattentionamongmultibillion-poundinfrastructure

project,soitisinevitablethattheattentionisfocusedelsewhere.Butperhapsthemostsignificantreason

isthattheissuehasalwaysbeensopoliticallycharged.

Nevertheless,theaffordablehousingsituationisdesperate.Waitinglistsincreaseallthetimeandweare

simplynotbuildingenoughnewhomes.

Thecomprehensivespendingreviewoffersanopportunityforthegovernmenttohelprectifythis.Itneeds

toputhistoricalprejudicestoonesideandtakesomestepstoaddressoururgenthousingneed.

Therearesomeindicationsthatitispreparingtodojustthat.Thecommunitiesminister,DonFoster,has

hintedthatGeorgeOsborne,ChancelloroftheExchequer,mayintroducemoreflexibilitytothecurrent

capontheamountthatlocalauthoritiescanborrowagainsttheirhousingstockdebt.Evidenceshowsthat

60,000extranewhomescouldbebuiltoverthenextfiveyearsifthecapwerelifted,increasngGDPby

0.6%.

Ministersshouldalsolookatcreatinggreatercertaintyintherentalenvironment,whichwouldhavea

significantimpactontheabilityofregisteredproviderstofundnewdevelopmentsfromrevenues.

Butitisnotjustdowntothegovernment.Whilethesemeasureswouldbewelcomeintheshortterm,we

rrustfaceuptothefactthattheexisting￡4.5bnprogrammeofgrantstofundnewaffordablehousing,set

toexpirein2023,isunlikelytobeextendedbeyondthen.TheLabourpartyhasrecentlyannouncedthat

itwillretainalargepartofthecoalition'sspendingplansifreturnstopower.Thehousingsectorneedsto

acceptthatweareveryunlikelytoeverreturntoeraoflarge-scalepublicgrants.Weneedtoadjustto

thischangingclimate.

36.Theauthorbelievesthatthehousingsector_

[A]hasattractedmuchattention

[B]involvescertainpoliticalfactors

[C]shoulderstoomuchresponsibility

[D]haslostitsrealvalueineconomy

37.Itcanbelearnedthataffordablehousinghas_

[A]increaseditshomesupply

[B]offeredspendingopportunities

[C]sufferedgovernmentbiases

[D]disappointedthegovernment

38.AccordingtoParagraph5,GeorgeOsbornemay.

[A]allowgreatergovernmentdebtforhousing

[B]stoplocalauthoritiesfrombuildinghomes

[C]preparetoreducehousingstockdebt

[D]releasealiftedGDPgrowthforecast

39.Itcanbeinferredthatastablerentalenvironmentwould.

[A]lowerthecostsofregisteredproviders

[B]lessentheimpactofgovernmentinterference

[C]contributetofundingnewdevelopments

[D]relievetheministersofresponsibilities

40.Theauthorbelievesthatafter2023,thegovernmentmay.

[A]implementmorepoliciestosupporthousing

[B]reviewtheneedforlarge-scalepublicgrants

[C]renewtheaffordablehousinggrantsprogramme

[D]stopgenerousfundingtothehousingsector

SectionIIITranslation

Directions:

TranslatethefollowingtextfromEnglishintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationonANSWERSHEET2.(15

points)

Mostpeoplewoulddefineoptimismasendlesslyhappy,withaglassthat'sperpetuallyhalffall.Butthat's

exactlythekindoffalsedeerfulnessthatpositivepsychologistswouldn'trecommend.''Healthyoptimists

rreansbeingintouchwithreality.*saysTaiBen-Shahar,aHarvardprofessor,AccordingtoBen-

Snalar,realisticoptimistsarethesewhomakethebestofthingsthathappen,butnotthosewhobelieve

everythinghappensforthebest.

Ben-Shalarusesthreeoptimisticexercisers.Whenhefeelsdown-sag,aftergivingabadlecture-hegrants

himselfpermissiontobehuman.HeremindshimselfthatmoteverylecturecanbeaNobelwinner;some

willbelesseffectivethanothers.Nextisreconstruction,Heanalyzestheweaklecture,leaninglessons,

forthefutureaboutwhatworksandwhatdoesnzt.finally,thereisperspective,whichinvolves

acknowledgingthatinthegroundschemeoflife,onelecturereallydoesn'tmatter.

SectionIVWriting

PartA

47.Directions:SupposeyouaregoingtostudyabroadandshareanapartmentwithJohn,alocalstudent.

Writehimtoemailto

l)tellhimaboutyourlivinghabits,and

2)askforadviceaboutlivingthere.

Youshouldwriteabout100wordsonanswersheet.

Donotuseyourownname.

PartB

48.Directions:

Writeanessaybasedonthefollowingchart.Inyouressay,youshould

1)interpretthechart,and

2)giveyourcomments.

Youshouldwriteabout150wordsontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)

參考答案

完形填空

1.concluded

2.protective

3.Likewise

4.indicator

5.concern

6.intermsof

7.equals

8.inturn

9.straightforward

10.while

11.shape

12.qualify

13.normal

14.tendency

15.pictured

16.associated

17.Even

18.groundedl9.policies

20.against

閱讀理解

Text1

21.BAspecialtour

22.Acritical

23.Draritygenerallyincreasespleasure

24.Bmayprovetobeaworthwhilepurchase

25.Abalancefeelinggoodandspendingmoney

Text2

26.Aourseif-ratingsareunrealisticallyhigh

27.Cintuitiveresponse

28.Bbelieveintheirattractiveness

29.Ainstinctively

3D.Dwithholdtheirunflatteringsides

Text3

31.AsheddingtearsgivesunpleasantfeelingstoAmerican

32.CThetearshedder，sapologyandtheobserver'sefforttostopthecrying.

33.Cproducingdisastrousimpact

34.BItmusthavearoletoplayinman'ssurvival.

35.AEmotionaltearshavethefunctionofreductionofreducingstress.

Text4

36.Binvolvescertainpoliticalfactors

37.Csufferedgovernmentbiases

38.Aallowgreatergovernmentdebtforhousing

39.Ccontributetofundingnewdevelopments

40.Dstopgenerousfundingtothehousingsector

總的來說，今年的英語二閱讀難度與往年相比略有上升，文章題材比擬多地涉及到社會生活類題材，話題多樣，比方移

民、生活中的快速反響、職場性別比例等。文章的來源還是從我們在課宜上給考生提到的知名歐美報刊雜志中摘錄并進

行改編。

與往年文章有?個較大的差異在于，跨考教育英語教研室張藍鶴老師認為，今年的閱讀文章中出現(xiàn)r個別生僻詞匯，但

是這樣的詞匯對于考生理解文意來說,可題并不大，完全是可以通過上下乂把詞匯的感情色彩和根本意思推斷出來。考生

們應(yīng)該分清楚閱讀考試主要考察大家的就是閱讀能力，所以出現(xiàn)的大綱外的詞匯幾乎都可以從上下文推斷出來，所以同

學們可以在平時的學習當中多加練習從上下文推測詞義的能力。文章句式雖無太多長難句，但是參加了一些特殊語法結(jié)

構(gòu)，比方倒裝句和強調(diào)句等，英語二長難句給大家的印象就是長而不難，所以如果在平時的練習當中注意分析真題中的

句子，弄清句子的土干，那么在考場中對這些問題就都能夠迎刃而解了。

就題目而言，今年還是以細節(jié)題和推斷題為主，還有少量觀點態(tài)度題，但是相較往年題目而言，比擬容易確定正確答案，

強調(diào)廣闊考生對于文章內(nèi)容有一個比擬精細的把握，并對原文的意思進行理解，再與選項進行比刻，才能選出正確答案。

針對今年出題的這種模式，建議2023年的考生在復(fù)習的初期，多進行精讀練習，熟練掌握常見的句式結(jié)構(gòu)，把握文章

語句所說的意思，同時進行同義替換的練習，這樣不僅能提高考生詞匯晝的儲藏，而且能加深對于英語語句的理解。這

樣一個過程對于做對考研閱讀題是很有幫助的。

新題型

41.DrepresentstheeleganceoftheBritishlandart.

42.EdepictstheordinarysideoftheBritishlandart.

43.Gcontainsimagesfromdifferentpartsofthesamephotograph.

44.CremindspeopleoftheEnglishlandscapepaintingtradition

45.FembodiesaromanticescapeintotheScottishoutdoor.

點評：本篇文章選自TheTelegraph,原文標題為UncommonGround-LandArtinBritain1966-1979,

SouthamptonCityArtGallery,review”文章從幾幅有名的照片展嚴，為大家揭示了英國地景藝術(shù)的美妙。這篇新

題型難度并不大，且非常討巧的是這些關(guān)鍵訶都包含大寫字母，在文章季常好辨識，所以考生只要快速定位到文中相應(yīng)

段落，然后再根據(jù)關(guān)鍵字的前后句意思得出正確答案即可。

英譯漢

在大局部人眼中，樂觀主義就意味著永遠滿懷希望、無憂無慮，遇事只往好的方面想。然

而積極心理學專家認為這種樂觀只是假象，不建議人們這么做。哈佛大學教授塔爾?本沙

哈爾指出：“健康的樂觀主義應(yīng)該是切合實際的。"他認為，現(xiàn)實的樂觀主義者會盡力讓

事事順利，而不是迷信萬事大吉。

本沙哈爾提出了“三步樂觀法〃。第一步：在碰到例如演講表現(xiàn)糟糕這種讓人沮喪的情況

時，他首先會撫慰自己人非圣賢，不是所有的演講都能拿到諾貝爾獎，總會有些演講的效

果不如他人。第二步：重現(xiàn)場景。他會對這次失敗的演講進行分析，總結(jié)優(yōu)缺點，為以后

的演講吸取經(jīng)驗教訓。第三步：形成這樣一個觀念，要明白在生命的宏大藍圖中，一次演

講著實微缺乏道。

翻譯這局部采用詞義加邏輯的技巧。翻譯詞義有很強的邏輯性,，詞與詞之間會相互制約，因此應(yīng)當上下文多結(jié)合、推敲

詞義時搭配美系，決不能單獨、片面、純粹地理解一個詞的意思，亳無靈活可言地套用。這局部主要考察閱讀理解和翻

譯的綜合能力，題目量較大，而且要翻譯成相對應(yīng)的漢語，所以考生把時間控制在25分鐘內(nèi)。

除此以外，以往的高頻語法考點，比方賓語從句、狀語從句以及并列結(jié)構(gòu)和例數(shù)結(jié)構(gòu)等方面的批量存在也再一次證明考

生對于語法不可無視。建議2023屆考生在這一階段就開始累積詞匯，貫穿語法知識。以防明年在語法上面吃虧。相較

于考研英語（一），考研英語（二）的重心不是長句解讀，但從2023年到今年沒有一年不涉及長句解讀，而且至少40%左

右是長句。事實上，只要讀英語，都嘀不開長句，英語本來就是長句居多的語言。所以，充分了解各種從句的翻譯方法

對于英語（一）英語（二）的考生而來，同等重要。

2023年的這篇文章具體來說，第49題考察的就是對于定語從句的翻譯，遇到這種句子，我們往往先把整個句子劃分為

一個一個的意群，分清楚各局部的邏輯關(guān)系，然后按照漢語的表達習慣於解題。即我們常說的拆句子，組句子的過程。

步驟是一一把每個拆分點做好以后再合在一起。具體技巧在學習期間老師已經(jīng)反更跟考生們強調(diào)過。再者，本次考試中

關(guān)于倒裝句和強調(diào)句的考察也無?不證實了跨考老師在講翻譯時給廣闊考生張調(diào)此種句型翻譯的重要州:?！敬蟠耍忌?/p>

需要耨這些技巧牢記于心就可，切不可慌張亂了法那么。

寫作

小作文

DearJohn,

Iwillstudyinyouruniversityandshareanapartmentwithyou.SoIamwriting

LoLei1youmylivinghabitsandconsulIyoursuggestionsoflivingLhere.

Generallyspeaking,Iamanearlybird,neverburningthemidnightoil.Besides,

Ienjoyaquietenvironment,andI'mafraidyoumayhavetouseanearphonewhen

listeningtothemusic.What'smore,Ifranklyhopethatyoucouldtellmethe

campuslifethereandthenwemaymakeagreementsonourlivinghabitslater,which

rmsurewillbenefitourfollowingdays.

rmlookingforwardtoyourreply.

Yourssincerely,

Xxx

今年小作文依舊延續(xù)2023至2023年已經(jīng)考查過的書信，值得注意的是，繼去年考查邀請和建議的結(jié)合信之后，今年

依然考查結(jié)合信，是告示和咨詢信的結(jié)合，去年考查的是公務(wù)書信，今年考查的是私人書信。今年小作文與去年難度相

蘭。作文題目中沒有列出應(yīng)該包括的具體內(nèi)容，而讓考生自己去寫生活習慣，給考生一些自由發(fā)揮的空間。就語域來說，

由于文章中有咨詢的成分在其中，需要詢問John對在當?shù)鼐幼〉囊恍┙ㄗh，所以要注意語氣要禮貌，用詞要標準，在

文章結(jié)尾耍表示感謝。

大作文

Growingurbanpopulationanddecliningruralpopulation

Fromthegraph,wecanseethattheurbanpopulationwasgrowingandtherural

populationwasdecliningfrom1990to2023.Thenumberoftheurbanpopulationrose

from300millionin1990toabout460millionin2000,andtoabout685million

in2023,whiletheruralpopulationdecreasedfromabout820millionin1990to

800millionin2000andtoabout690millionin2023.It'sobviousthatinthepast

twodecades,theurbanareawitnessedasteadygrowth,butinthelatterdecade,

theruralpopulationhadaremarkabledecline.

Therearetworeasonsforthisphenomenon.Ononehand,theeconomicboo