上海市控江中學(xué)2024-2025學(xué)年高三下學(xué)期3月學(xué)情調(diào)研英語試卷（原卷版+解析版）

2024學(xué)年第二學(xué)期高三年級(jí)英語學(xué)情調(diào)研（本次考試時(shí)間120分鐘滿分140分）I.ListeningComprehension(25’)SectionA(10’)Directions:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandaquestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.A.Doubtful.B.Disappointed.C.Motivated.D.Enthusiastic.2A.Theredesignofanoldtown.B.Theopeningofanewcafe.C.Thetransformationofthebookstore.D.Thelocationofagoodplacetoread.3A.Thunderstormsarecomingsoon.B.Itwillbecoldthroughouttheday.C.Thereisachanceofabitofrain.D.Thetemperatureislikelytorise.4.A.Themanshouldlookforanewjob.B.Themanshouldworkevenharder.C.Themanshouldgototakeabreak.D.Themanshouldfocusonefficiency.5.A.Themaniscomplainingtoomuch.B.Themanisreactingtoostrongly.C.Themanshouldknowwhat’llhappen.D.Themanshouldsharehisicecream.6.A.Hethinkshehasmissedagreatopportunity.B.Heowesthankstohisfriend’sencouragement.C.Hehasmadeadecisionnottoapplyforthejob.D.Heappreciatesthewoman’swordsabouthim.7.A.Stopcomplaining.B.Planhisworktasks.C.Startworkingsoon.D.Cleanuphisoffice.8.A.Oldguitarsgainvalueovertime.B.Themancouldgetridoftheguitar.C.Itisgreattogatherandplayhisguitar.D.Collectingguitarswillbeherhobby.9.A.Themanshouldworkonhisspeakingskills.B.Themanshouldimprovethespeechcontent.C.Themanshouldtrytoworkonhisappearance.D.Themanshouldlearntocontrolhisemotions.10.A.ShegottoknowPeteratadanceparty.B.ShehadadifficultrelationshipwithPeter.C.Shetookhertimebeforegettingmarried.D.ShelovedPeterdespitetheagedifference.SectionB(15’)Directions:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassagesandonelongerconversation,andyouwillbeaskedseveralquestionsoneachofthepassagesandtheconversation.Thepassagesandtheconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.11.A.Ourdietisnutritionallyunbalanced.B.Ourtakeawayhastoomuchfriedfood.C.Oursugarconsumptionisoverthelimit.D.Oursnack-eatinghasbecomeahabit.12.A.Insufficientintakeofhealthyfood.B.Feelingbadaboutsweetproducts.C.Theunpleasanttasteofsugaralternatives.D.Usingmanmadesweetenersinsteadofsugar13.A.ReconsiderourcurrentsugarconsumptionhabitsB.Completelyeliminateallsugaryfoodsfromourdiet.C.Balanceeatingsugaryfoodswithexercise.D.ReplaceallthesugarwithartificialsweetenersQuestions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage14.A.Theyhavepassedtheprofessionalexam.B.Theyshowpromiseinensuringequality.C.Theycannotprovidequalifiedmedicaladvice.D.Theyarenotgoodenoughforwritingpapers.15.A.Theygatherpersonalinformation.B.TheymaymakeinaccurateevaluationsC.Theylacktheabilitytothinktwice.D.Theycantakearealdoctor’splace16.A.ItintroduceshowAlchattoolsmakemedicaldiagnosesB.ItexplainstherisksofAlchattoolsformedicalguidance.C.ItexploresdifferentmedicalusesofAlchattools.D.ItshowswhatAlchattoolscandotohelpmedicaldoctors.Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.17.A.Itislesscrowdedthanatothertimesofyear.B.Therearesomanyculturaleventstoattend.C.HerworkschedulegiveshernootherchoiceD.Theweatherconditionsaremildandpleasant.18.A.Managingalimitedbudgetshehas.B.Decidingontheimportantplacestogo.C.Bookingflightsandaccommodations.D.Figuringouttransportbetweencountries19.A.Whichkindofhoteltostayat.B.Howlongtostayineachplace.C.Whatsightseeingthingstodo.D.Whatfoodstotryinlocalplaces20.A.Dividingthedaysbetweenactivities.B.TakingturnstopicktheirfavoritefoodC.Consideringherfriend’sinterestfirst.D.VisitingnomorethanoneplaceperdayII.GrammarandVocabularySectionA(10’)Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.Winter:ASeasonofContrastsThelongwintermonths,oftenlookedatasdepressinganddullbymany,arefullofpicture-makingopportunitiesforthelandscapeartist.Isuspectthat,likeme,agoodmanyartists____1____activelylookforwardtotheseason’spossibilitiestheseasonbrings.Asthetiredgreensoflatesummerturntoorangeandgoldandtheleavesfallfromthetreestobecrushedunderfoot,thelandscapeisrevealed.It’s____2____agreenveilhasbeenlifted.Vistas(景觀)openup,hiddenviews____3____(expose)andwegettoseenature’sframework.Winterisequivalenttosnow,despitethefactthatincreasinglymanyplacesseenotsomuchasasinglesnowflakeallwinter.Butwhenitsnows,itsendsmehurryingtowrapupwarmandgetoutside,searchingforpossibleimages,____4____alloftheexcitementofafive-year-oldseeingitforthefirsttime.Afallofarelativelylightsnowdramaticallytransformsthelandscape____5____(add)depthandpresentswonderfulpicture-makingopportunitiesthatcan’tbemissed.Thelandscapeissimplified,detailsdisappear,thesharpestofthingsblurs,contrastisincreased,coloursarereflected,andevenfamiliarlandscapeschangewithelements____6____resembleaJapanesewoodcut.Althoughwhitewilldefinitelydominate,thesnow-coveredsurfacesreachtheir____7____(brilliant)displayofallatsunset,shiningwithshadesoforangeandpink.TreeshaveadominatingpresenceinmanylandscapesespeciallyinnorthernEurope.Ilovedrawingandpaintingtreesinwinterandtakeeveryopportunitytonotedownandsketchthewaytheygrowforfuturereference.Whentreeslosetheirleaves,thoseevergreentrees,oftenhiddenfromview,becomemoreevidentandwillinevitablyfeatureperhapsmorethantheywouldinpaintings____8____(make)duringthewarmermonths.Clearlyfarfrombeingboringanddepressing,thewintermonthsarefilledwithrichnessforartists.It,infact,requiresjustanextrapush____9____(leave)thecomfortandwarmthofthestudio.Onceoutside,onemakesthatextraefforttogoforawalk,gathertheinformationandproducethoseexcitingimagesandvisualinterpretationsof_____10_____Ibelieveistheyear’smostexcitingandvisuallystimulatingseason.SectionB(10’)Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillineachblankwithaproperwordgiveninthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonemorewordthanyouneed.A.adaptBcommitmentC.essenceD.honorsE.inspiredF.integrateG.lastingH.maintainI.rightfulJ.rootedK.underlinesOnDecember4,theUnitedNationsEducational,ScientificandCulturalOrganization(UNESCO)puttheSpringFestivalonitsRepresentativeListoftheIntangibleCulturalHeritageofHumanityatthe19thSessionoftheIntergovernmentalCommitteefortheSafeguardingoftheIntangibleCulturalHeritageinParaguay(巴拉圭).TheUNESCO’srecognition____11____theSpringFestivalnotonlyasasymbolofChina’sover5,000-year-oldcivilizationbutalsoasalivingtraditionthatgoesbeyondtimestrengtheningfamilialbonds,socialharmonyandculturalunderstanding.ItsrecognitionisaproofofChina’s____12____topreservingandsharingitsintangibleculturalheritagewiththeworldhighlightingtheuniversalvaluespresentinitsmostbelovedtraditions.TheSpringFestivalisfarmorethanaholiday.Deeply____13____inancientagrariansocieties(農(nóng)耕社會(huì)),itcelebratesrenewal,familyreunion,gratitude,servingasakaleidoscope(萬花筒)ofmeaningfulrituals,customsandartisticexpressions,fromtheiconicliondancesandredlanternstothesymbolismofreuniondinnersandredpackets.UNESCO’srecognitionalso____14____theimportanceoftheSpringFestivalasaculturalbridge,connectingthepastandpresentwhileofferingtheworldaglimpseintotheheartofChineseculture.China’sproactiveapproachtoprotectingitsintangibleheritageisinlinewithUNESCO’sbroadergoals,showcasinghowmodernityandtraditioncancoexist.China’seffortsinculturalpreservationarevaried,coveringeducation,documentationandactivepromotion.Schools____15____lessonsabouttraditionalcustoms,suchasthesignificanceofredcouplets(對(duì)聯(lián))anddumpling-making,intotheircurricula.Localgovernmentsorganizecommunityeventstoensurethatruralareas____16____theirculturalvitality.Mediaplatformsalsocelebratethesepractices,bringingthemintothehomesofyounger,tech-savvygenerations.PuttingtheSpringFestivalonUNESCO’slistenhancesthiscommitment,servingasareminderthatculturaldiversityenricheshumanityasawhole.Italsohighlightstheimportanceofpreservinglivingtraditionsthatevolveyetretaintheircore____17____.Inaglobalizedworldthisdynamicensuresthatheritagecan____18____withoutlosingitssoul.AstheSpringFestivaltakesits____19____placeamongtheworld’smosttreasuredculturalpractices,itremindsusthatheritageisnotjustarelicofthepastbutaguideforthefuture,asourceofidentity,inspirationandconnectioninanever-changingworld.Thefestival’sjourneyfromlocaltraditiontoglobaltreasureisapowerfulevidencetodisplaythe_____20_____strengthofcultureinunitinghumanity.III.ReadingComprehensionSectionA(15’)Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Weknowsomeonewhofitsthedescription.Youprobablyworkwithone;youmightevenberelatedtoone.AndwithChristmasapproaching,theseasonofofficepartiesandfamilygatheringsyou’reincreasinglylikelytohaveto____21____withthemandrediscoverjusthowannoyingtheyare.I’mtalkingaboutknow-it-alls,peoplewhowillenthusiastically____22____youaboutantopicoractivity,despiteobviouslyhavinglittletonoknowledgeinwhatthey’retalkingabout-andoftenwhenyoudo.Whywouldsomepeopleassume____23____knowledgetoothers,abouteverypossiblesubject?Oneisthephenomenonof“naiverealism”(directrealismorcommonsenserealism),whichdescribeshowpeopleinstinctivelyassumethattheir____24____oftheworldreflectobjectivereality.Inactuality,everythingweperceiveand“know”abouttheworldhasbeenfilteredthroughacomplexmesh(篩網(wǎng))ofcognitivebiases,sensoryshortcuts,shiftingemotionalmemoriesandmore.Whatwethinkisrealityinourheadsisoftennoticeably____25____theactualreality,butwedon’trecognizethishappening.Asaresult,weregularlyencounterpeoplewhoseunderstandingoftheworldisverydifferenttoourown.Butnaiverealismmeansweassumethatthosewhounderstandtheworlddifferentlyare____26____.Foraseeminglylargenumberofpeople,thisresultsinanirresistibleurgeto“correct”others.Itmayspringfromentirelygoodintentions,butthatdoesn’tmakeitanyless____27____.Thiscanbethefullstory,____28____,ascountlesspeoplebelieveothersarewrong,yetneverdoorsayanythingaboutit.Anotherpotentialcognitivebias____29____,proposedinarecentstudybyProfHunterGehlbach,DrCarlyDRobinsonandProfAnnetteFlerch,publishedinthejournalPLoSONE,istheillusion(幻覺)ofinformationadequacy.Putsimply,thisdescribeshow,despitelackingsufficientinformationtomakecorrectjudgementsaboutsomething,manypeoplewillassumethe_____30_____.It’slogicallyveryhardtorecognizeandtakeaccountofwhatwedon’tknow.A(n)_____31_____oftheillusionofinformationadequacyandnaiverealismcanleadtopeoplebelievingtheyknowmorethantheyreallydo.Intheirminds,thisknowledgeismoreadvancedthanthatofothersandtheymusthurrytocorrectitThenthere’souroldfriend,theDunning-Krugereffect:thecognitivebiaswherepeoplewithlimitedcompetenceinacertainareatendto_____32_____theirabilities.Theirlackofintellectualinsightmeansthey_____33_____torecognizewhensomeoneelseknowsmorethanthem,they’llconfidentlyarguewiththosewhoarebetterinformed.Andbecausepeopleoftenrespondmoretoconfidencethan_____34_____,theyusuallygetawaywithit.Ifthishappensoftenenough,theycouldconvincethemselvesthatthey’re_____35_____onprettymucheverything,eventhoughtheoppositeistrue.21.A.identify B.interact C.compete D.cooperate22.A.warn B.deceive C.lecture D.consult23.A.superior B.extensive C.prior D.technical24.A.impression B.recognition C.imagination D.perception25.A.distinctfrom B.similarto C.freefrom D.relativeto26.A.practical B.unacceptable C.wrong D.incompetent27.A.bothersome B.acceptable C.rewarding D.insignificant28.A.thus B.however C.meanwhile D.moreover29.A.atwork B.athand C.inway D.undercontrol30.A.norm B.opposite C.truth D.position31.A.combination B.reflection C.contradiction D.association32.A.enhance B.overlook C.overestimate D.exercise33.A.expect B.hesitate C.pretend D.struggle34.A.honesty B.credit C.authority D.accuracy35.A.enthusiasts B.experts C.critics D.optimistsSectionB(22’)Directions:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)WhenIlookbackonmychildhood,oneaspectstandsoutinmymemory:myloveofhistory.Icanrememberatimewhenhistoryhasn’tbeenapartofmylife,andmypassionforitwasarousedinmyearliestdays.IwasonlytwoorthreeyearsoldwhenmymumbegantoreadmetalesofKingArthurandtheKnightsoftheRoundTable,andbeforelong,theybecamearegularpartofmybedtimeroutine.IwasfascinatedbythestoriesoftheswordinthestoneandtheHolyGrail,andIwasattractedbyLancelotandGuinevere.WhenIwasfour,though,Ireceivedagiftthatwouldprovesoinspirationalthat—withoutmyknowledgeatthetime—ithelpedtosteerthedirectionofmycareer:TheWebtasticIllustratedBritishHistoryBook.Whenmymumgavethistome,publishedin1989,IdoubtshethoughtmuchbeyondthefactthatitmightopenformeagatewaytosomethingorsomeoneotherthanKingArthur—andshewasabsolutelyright.Ivividlyrememberleafingthroughthepagesandadmiringthepictures—andthenIcametooneimagethatreallycapturedmyattention:HenryVIIIandhissixwives.Theideaofakingwhohadmarriedsixtimesfascinatedtheinfantme,andIusedthebooktomemorizetheclassicrhymeabouttheirfate:divorced,beheaded,died,divorced,beheaded,survived.Simplyfromviewingpicturesofakingandhisspouses,myloveoftheTudors(都鐸王朝)wasborn—andsnowballed.Thatslimvolumewasmystartingpoint,andsoonitbegantoshowsignsofwear.IbecamedeterminedtofindoutallIcouldaboutHenryVIIIandhisextraordinaryfamily—ajourneythatI’mstillundertakingtothisday.IfIhadn’tbeengiventhatbookasachild,I’mcertainthatmycareerwould’vetakenanentirelydifferentdirection.Itwasasmallthing—butonethatmadeafar-reachingimpact.36WhydidthemothergivetheauthorTheWebtasticIllustratedBritishHistoryBook?A.Tomakebedtimemoreenjoyablefortheauthor.B.Toencouragetheauthortopursueacareerinhistory.C.Tohelptheauthorunderstandtheimportanceofreading.D.TointroducetheauthortootherhistoricaltopicsbesidesKingArthur.37.WhydoestheauthormentionseeingtheimageofHenryVIIIinthebook?A.Todescribeherfascinationwithroyalmarriages.B.Toshowhowthisimageexcitedherdeepinterestinhistory.C.Tohighlighthowessentialillustrationsareinachildren’shistorybook.D.Tosuggestthattheimageinfluencedherviewofhistoricalevents.38.Whichpieceofthefollowingadviceistheauthormostlikelytogivetoparents?A.Exposechildrentohistoryearlyonbecauseitisimportantfortheirgrowth.B.Prioritizecontentoverengagingillustrationswhenchoosingbooksforchildren.C.Introducechildrentoacademicstoshapetheirfuturecareers.DEncouragechildren’sexplorationofinterestswithresources.39.Whichofthefollowingproverbsbestreflectsthemainthemeofthepassage?A.Atinyflamecanstartafire. B.Youreapwhatyousow.C.Stillwatersrundeep. D.Theearlybirdcatchestheworm.(B)WhenDisasterStrikes,BePrepared!Don’tleavehomewithoutthissurvivalkit!Whenthegoinggetstough,youneedtobeready.Powercuts,floods,icestorms,hurricanesandwildfires,havebecometheusual.Youshouldalwaysbeprepared.OurDesertCamoEmergencySurvivalKitwillhelpyoutothechallenge.Havingtherighttoolintherightplacecouldsaveyourbacon!ThepowerfulOverwatchTacticalFlashlightissuperbrightforwhenthepowergoesout.ThestainlesssteelHeavyDutyMulti-Toolcontainsaknife,canopener,pliersandscrewdriver.TheSurvivalMulti-FunctionCardhasanescaperope,wrench,sawandmore.Andwhentheheatgoesoutorthecarisstuckinawinterstorm,theEnduranceEmergencyBlanketwillhelpkeepyouwarm.Knowingyou’reprepared,wherethere’sthePioneerCompassChronographWatch,whichfeaturesacompass,temperaturedisplayandflintinadditiontokeepingtime.“WITHTHERIGHTTOOLS,YOUCANSURVIVEMOSTANYTHING.”-STANISLAUSBISCOGLIA,FOUNDER&CEO,STAUER“Goodbuy.[It]haseverythingIneedforgettingalonginthewild.”-saysclientJohnB.Thiscouldbeyourlifesaver.SecuredinahandyDesertCamoCarryingKit,thesetoolsareessentialfortacklingmostanynaturedisaster.Withsafetyatthetopofeveryone’swishlist,thismust-havekitisoneofthefastest-sellingitemsinthecompany’shistorywithover30,000soldinthefirst2months.BACKINSTOCKforthefirsttimeafteroverwhelmingdemand,wehadONLY733KITSAVAILABLE,forthisadandhalfhavealreadysold!Werecommendbuyingthree:oneforhome,onefortheofficeandonetokeepinyourcarincasetroublekicksup.Ifthiskitdoesn’tmeetyourexpectations,senditbackforafullrefund.“Yourmove,MotherNature.”DesertCamoEmergencySurvivalKit$199$39+S&PSave$17.50“YoumustuseInsiderOfferCodeDCC154-01togetthisprice.”1-800-333-2045KitSpecificationsofStauer’sSurvivalKits-OverwatchTacticalFlashlight-Threelightmodes-100lumens-PioneerCompassChronograph-Compass,Flint,Wrench-Temperaturedisplay-EnduranceEmergencyBlanket-4.25×6.6-SurvivalMulti-FunctionCard-Rulersformeasurement-Canopener-Bottleopener-HeavyDutyMulti-Tool-Small-knife-Canopener-Pliers&Screwdriver40.WhoaremostlikelythetargetbuyersoftheDesertCamoEmergencySurvivalKit?A.EnthusiastsofextremesportslookingforrelatedproductsB.Individualswhoenjoycollectingmilitary-stylegearfordisplay.C.ThosewhoareconcernedaboutsafetyandpreparednessforemergenciesD.Peoplewhoareintodesigningnaturereserves.41.WhichofthefollowingstrategiesareusedinthepromotionoftheDesertCamoEmergencySurvivalKit?①Highlightingtheurgencyofbuyingduetolimitedstock.②Featuringreviewsfromcelebritiestobuildtrust.③Offeringamoney-backguaranteetoensurecustomersatisfaction.④Givingdiscountstomakethepricemoreappealing.A.①②③ B.①③④ C.①②④ D.②③④42.Whatdoesthesentence“Yourmove,MotherNature.”implyintheadvertisement?A.MotherNatureispowerlessagainsttherefundpolicy.B.Thekitisreadytohandleanydisastersoremergencies.C.ThekitisagiftforMotherNaturetohelpprotecttheenvironment.D.Thecompanywon’tproducethekitanymoreunlessnaturedemandsit.(C)Earth’splantsaren’tholdingontocarbonforaslongaswethought.Ananalysisofpulses(脈沖)ofcarbon-14fromnuclearbombtestsinthe20thcenturyrevealsthatplantsstockmorecarboninshort-livedtissuessuchasleavesthanpreviouslyestimated,scientistsreportintheJune21Science.Butthiscarbonisprobablymorevulnerabletoreleasetotheatmospherethanlong-livedtissues,theteamsays,potentiallyalteringestimatesofhowmuchanthropogenic(人為的)carbonplantsandsoilcanhold.Since1945,theUnitedStates,Russiaandothercountrieshavedetonated(引爆)morethan2,000nucleardevicesinweaponstests.Eachexplosionhassentalargeamountofradioactivecarbon-14,avariantofcarbon,intotheatmosphere.Fromthere,thecarbonhasmadeitswaythroughtheoceans,plantsandsoils.Thebursts,scientistsrealized,werealotlikepulsesofradioactivemedicaltracerstravelingthroughahumanbody.Theyofferauniqueopportunityforresearcherstofollowthecarbon,analyzingwhereandhowlongithasbeenstoredandreleased.Astheclimateheatsupduetorisinglevelsofcarbondioxide,thereisaneedtounderstandhowlongEarth’sterrestrialbiosphere-itsplantsandsoils-cantrapsomeofthatcarbon,saysatmosphericscientistHeatherGravenofImperialCollegeLondon.Currentclimatemodelsestimatethattheterrestrialbiospheretakesupabout30percentofhuman-causedCO2emissions.Gravenandcolleagueswonderedhowwellsuchmodelsrepresentcarbon-14fromthebombtests.Sotheteamfocusedonabriefspanoftime,from1963to1967,duringwhichthereweren’tanytestsandthusnonewpulsestoconfusethedata.Thescientistsalsofocusedonjusttheplant-growthpartofcarbonstorage.Usingdatafromaircraft,stratospheric(平流層)balloonsandoceanbuoys(浮標(biāo)),Gravenandcolleaguesreassessedestimatesofhowmuchbombcarbon-14enteredtheupperatmosphereduringthattimeperiod,andhowmuchmovedintotheloweratmosphereandintotheoceans.Fromthere,theteamcalculatedhowmuchmusthaveenteredthebiosphereandusedsatellitedataonvegetationandcomputermodelstoestimatewhereplantsstoredthecarbon.Theresultsweresurprising,Gravensays.Thoughplantsabsorbatleast80trillionkilogramsofcarboneachyear—possiblytwiceasmuchascurrentestimates—alotofthatcarbonistransportedtoleavesandthinroots.Thosetissuesareespeciallyvulnerabletodegradationthatreleasescarbonbacktotheatmosphere.Thecarbongoingintoplantsnow“isnotgoingtobethereaslongaswethought,”Gravensays.Still,thefindingsstresstheneedtocontrolfossilfuelemissions,shesays.“Thereisalimittohowmuchcarboncanbestoredinvegetation.”43.WhatisthemainfindingofthestudyintheJune21Science?A.Plantsabsorbcarbonfromtheatmosphereatahigherratethanexpected.B.Short-livedplanttissuesstorecarbonforashorterperiodthanpreviouslybelieved.C.Carboninlong-livedtissuesaremorelikelytobereleasedbackintotheatmosphere.D.Plantsstoreagreateramountofcarboninshort-livedtissuesthanoriginallyestimated.44.Whatistheroleofcarbon-14fromnuclearbombtestsintheexperiment?A.Itactsasatooltomonitorhumanhealthandmedicalconditions.B.Itservesasareferencepointforcalculatinglong-termcarbonstorage.C.Ithelpsresearcherstrackhowcarbonmovesthroughtheenvironment.D.Itisusedtomeasurethelevelofradioactiveemissionsfromthebombs45.WhydidGravenandherteamfocusontheperiodfrom1963to1967intheirstudy?A.Therewasanoticeableincreaseinplantgrowthduringtheseyears.B.Thecarbonstoragepatternsintheoceansweremorestableduringthisperiod.C.Thisperiodmarkedasignificantdecreaseincarbon-14levelsintheatmosphere.D.Nonewnucleartestsoccurredduringthistime,thusensuringdataaccuracy.46.WhatmessagedoesHeatherGraven’sresearchconvey?A.Thereisnoneedtoworrybecauseplantsabsorbmorecarbonthanestimated.B.Thoughplantsabsorbalotofcarbon,reducingcarbonemissionsremainscrucialC.Thecapacityofplantstostorecarboncanbemaximizedasmuchaspossible.D.Theuseoffossilfuelsisnolongeramajorcontributortoclimatechange.SectionC(8’)Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthesentencesinthebox.Eachsentencecanonlybeusedonce.Notethattherearetwosentencesmorethanyouneed.CouldSoundCuesHelpBoostLucidDreaming?Ifyouwanttohaveadreamwhereyouknowyou’redreaming,youmightbeinluck.______47______Beforebed,theapphasuserslistentoaspecificsound,suchasaseriesofbeeps,andpracticeassociatingthatcuewithakeenawarenessoftheirthoughtsandbody.Whentheappplaysthatsoundsixhourslater,it’smeanttoreactivatethatself-awareness,guidingsleepinguserstobecomelucidinthemiddleofadream.______48______Butaresearcherusuallytrackssomeone’ssleepduringtheREMstage,whenluciddreamsaremostlikely.Newexperimentsshowthataroughcopyofthattechniqueusinganappcanpromoteluciddreamingathome,researchersreportintheOctoberConsciousnessandCognition.NeuroscientistKarenKonkolyofNorthwesternUniversityinEvanston,III.,andcolleaguesbuiltandtestedtheapp.Inoneexperiment,19peopleusediteverynightforaweek.Duringthepreviousweek,thegroupreportedanaverageof0.74luciddreams.Duringtheweekofappuse,thatincreasedtoanaverageof2.11luciddreams.______49______Sotheteamrananotherexperimentwith112people.Everyonegotlucidity-triggeringsoundsfromtrainingwhiletheysleptthefirstnight.Butonthesecondnight,theappswitchedthingsup.Only40peopleheardsoundsfromtrainingwhiletheyslept.Another35gotnewsounds.Thefinal37heardnosounds.Thefirstnight,17percentofparticipantsreportedluciddreams.Thesecondnight,peoplewhoheardtrainingsoundskeptupthatrateofluciddreamingwhilejust5percentofthepeopleintheothertwogroupshadluciddreams.______50______A.Theuseofsoundcues(提示)insleepstudieshasbeenacommonpracticefordecades,butitisnotalwayssuccessful.B.Thissuggestedthattherealsoundcueswereindeedbehindtheapp’seffectiveness.C.Aphoneappstillintestingseemstoboos