強化練(五)　詞義猜測題2025高考英語大二輪專題強化練專題一　四選一閱讀

2025高考英語大二輪專題強化練專題一四選一閱讀強化練(五)詞義猜測題解題提示：解答詞義猜測題時，要著重閱讀所猜單詞或短語所在句以及前后句，仔細理解上下文語境，注意句子前后的邏輯關系。Ⅰ.閱讀理解(2023·武漢市高三調研)WhenIwasakid，ifsomeonetoldmethatIwouldgrowuptobecomeapublishedauthorandfounderofayouthliteracy(讀寫能力)foundation,Iwouldhavelaughedandkeptwalking.EvennowwhenIseethetitleofmylatestpicturebook,MyVeryFavoriteBookintheWholeWideWorld,Ishakemyhead,notquitebelievingthatthebookhasmynameonit.Butthetruthis,thisstorycomesfrommyownpersonalexperience.Ittookmeaverylongtimetofindmypersonalreadingvoice.InValdosta,whereIgrewup,mycommunitypromotedtwopathwaystoabetterlifeforlittleboyslikeme：beinganathleteorbeinganentertainer.Iwasnodifferentthantheotherkids,soIdidwhatfeltnatural：playfootballandoverlookschool.Schoolpresentedchallengeseverydayandsodidfootballpractice,butovercomingphysicaladversity(逆境)wasontrendwithmyneighborhood’sculture.Readingbookswasnotsomuch.Fortunately,Iwenttocollege.That’swheremyreadingstrugglesreallyreared__their__ugly__head.Tripstothegrocerystorewerestressfulbecausetherewassomuchreadinginvolvedinthesimpleactofbuyingfood.Iwouldmisreadlabelsandgrabthewrongitems.Once，Ipickedupapplesaucethinkingitwasappleslices.Ididn’tnoticemymistakeuntilIgothomeandrealizedthatitwasmyinabilitytounderstandthedifferencesinthewordingonthelabelsthatcausedthemistake.IrealizedthatIneededtomakeanimportantdecision.IfIwantedtobeabetterversionofme,Ihadtobecomeastrongerreader.IjoinedabookclubandreadeveryfreemomentIhad.Myjourneywithreadingalsocreatedadesireinmetoinspireotherswhostruggledwithreading.SoIstartedanonprofit,SharetheMagicFoundation,tryingtotransformthelivesofchildrenlivinginunderservedcommunitiesthroughliteracy.【語篇解讀】本文是記敘文。作者在一個鼓勵男孩們成為運動員或演員的社區(qū)長大，以至于忽視了學業(yè)。作者上了大學意識到自己的問題后，想讓自己變得更好，于是開始閱讀。作者不僅成了出版作家而且還成立了非營利性基金會以幫助更多人去閱讀。1.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofhisnewbook?A.It’sbeyondhisexpectations.B.It’shelpfulforyouthliteracy.C.It’sfullofhumorandwisdom.D.It’sanexactrecordofhisearlylife.答案A[推理判斷題。根據第一段中的“Ishakemyhead，notquitebelievingthatthebookhasmynameonit”可知，作者看到自己的新書時，搖了搖頭，不敢相信自己的名字被印在了書上。由此可推知，這件事情超出了作者的預期。]2.Whatwastherootreasonfortheauthor’sfailuretofindhisreadingvoice?A.Theinfluenceofhiscommunity.B.Hisdreamtobeanentertainer.C.Thechallengeshemetinstudy.D.Hispreferenceforfootball.答案A[細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段中的“mycommunitypromotedtwopathwaystoabetterlifeforlittleboyslikeme...Readingbookswasnotsomuch”可知，作者所在的社區(qū)鼓勵男孩們當運動員或做演員，對上學并不重視，這是作者閱讀少的根源。]3.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“rearedtheiruglyhead”inParagraph3mean?A.Changed. B.Concluded.C.Surfaced. D.Disappeared.答案C[詞義猜測題。結合第三段中的“Iwouldmisreadlabelsandgrabthewrongitems...thatcausedthemistake”可知，作者早年忽視學業(yè)，以至于在上了大學之后，讀寫方面的問題顯現了出來，故C項與畫線短語的意義最為接近。surface“顯露”。]4.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheauthor?A.Reflectiveandwarm－h(huán)earted.B.Persuasiveandabsent－minded.C.Creativeandstubborn.D.Ambitiousandcautious.答案A[推理判斷題。根據第三段中的“Irealizedthat...becomeastrongerreader.”可以看出，作者是一個善于反思的人；再根據最后一段中的“Istartedanonprofit...livinginunderservedcommunitiesthroughliteracy”可知，作者是一個熱心的人。綜合可知A項正確。](2023·成都三診)HundredsoflittlerobotsarerollingaroundcollegesandcitiesintheUnitedStates,Britainandelsewhere.Therobots，about50centimeterstall，arebringingfoodlikepizzatohungrystudents.TheStarshiprobotswerebeingtestedinlimitednumbersbeforethepandemicstarted.Butpandemic－relatedworkershortagesandadesireforcontactlessdeliveryhaveexpandedtheiruse.“Wesawdemandforrobotusagejustgo__through__the__ceiling，”saidAlastair.HeistheheadofStarshipTechnologies,whoserobotsrecentlymadetheir2millionthdelivery.“Ithinkdemandwasalwaysthere,butitwasbroughtforwardbythepandemiceffect.”TheStarshiprobotsusecameras,sensorsandGPStomovearoundandevencrossstreetsontheirownatthespeedof8kilometersperhour.Operatorskeepwatchonseveralrobotsatatimebuttheysaytheyrarelyneedtostopthemormovethemaroundabarrier.Whenarobotarrives,peopleenteracodefromtheirphonestoopentherobotandgettheirfood.Therearesomelimitationsfornow.TheStarshiprobotshavetoberechargedregularly.Theyareslowandcannottravelfar.Theycannotleavefoodatthedoor.AndbigcitieslikeNewYorkandLondonarenotwelcomingthem.MaloneyisthevicepresidentatDomino’sPizza.HiscompanyistestingrobotsfromNuro,aCalifornia－basedcompany.TheNurorobotsareabout1.8meterstallandcantravelatatopspeedof40kilometersperhouronstreets,notsidewalks.MaloneysaidNurodeliverycostsmorethanusinghumandriversfornow.Butasthetechnologygetsmorepopular,thecostswillgodown.WitcherisatechnologyexpertwithForrester.Hesaiditiseasytogetexcitedaboutrobots.Buttheywillneedtoprovetocompaniesthattheyarebetterthanhumandeliverydrivers.Itis“therighttimeandplaceforcompaniesconsideringrobotstotestthemandlearnfromthemanddotheirownevaluation.”【語篇解讀】本文是說明文。Starship機器人是一款可以送外賣的機器人。這款機器人使用照相機、傳感器和GPS四處移動，并可以獨自穿過街道。當然，這款機器人也存在缺點。Maloney的公司正在測試Nuro生產的機器人，雖然這些機器人價格昂貴，但是Maloney對外賣機器人仍充滿了期待。5.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“gothroughtheceiling”inparagraph2mean?A.Staysteady. B.Changequickly.C.Increaserapidly. D.Declinegradually.答案C[詞義猜測題。根據第二段中第二句可知，職工短缺和對非接觸式配送的需求已經擴大了外賣機器人的使用。畫線短語所在句對此作進一步說明，由此可知，畫線短語應與expand的意義一致。A項“保持穩(wěn)定”，B項“迅速改變”，C項“快速增加”，D項“逐漸減少”。故畫線短語的意思與C項最為接近。]6.WhatcanwelearnabouttheStarshiprobots?A.Theyarepopularinlargecities.B.Theycancrossstreetsontheirown.C.Theyhardlyneedtoberecharged.D.Theytravelataspeedof18kmperhour.答案B[細節(jié)理解題。根據第三段中的“TheStarshiprobotsusecameras...atthespeedof8kilometersperhour”可知，Starship外賣機器人能使用照相機、傳感器和GPS四處移動，并可以獨自穿過街道。]7.WhatdoesMaloneythinkofNurodelivery?A.Itischeap. B.Itispromising.C.Itisn’tfastenough. D.Itisn’tworthtesting.答案B[觀點態(tài)度題。根據第五段中的“MaloneysaidNurodeliverycostsmorethanusinghumandriversfornow...godown”可知，Maloney認為，從目前來看，Nuro的外賣機器人配送外賣的成本比使用人工騎手更高，但隨著這項技術越來越受歡迎，成本將會下降。]8.WhichstatementwillWitcherprobablyagreewith?A.Robotsshouldbetestedandevaluated.B.Robotsshouldbeappliedinvillagessoon.C.Robotsshouldbeputintomassiveproduction.D.Robotsarelesspopularbecauseofthepandemic.答案A[細節(jié)理解題。根據最后一段中的“Itis‘therighttimeandplaceforcompaniesconsideringrobotstotestthemandlearnfromthemanddotheirownevaluation.’”可知，科技專家Witcher認為這是考慮使用機器人的公司測試和評估這些機器人的好時機。故A項“機器人應該被測試和評估”符合題意。](2023·石家莊高三質檢)Whales，particularlybaleenandspermwhales，areamongthelargestcreaturesonEarth.Theirpresenceintheoceanshapestheecosystemsaroundthem.Thesecreaturesarealsohelpingtodeterminethetemperatureoftheplanet.Whenwhalesdie,theysinktotheoceanfloorandallthecarbonthatisstoredintheirextremelylargebodiesistransferredfromsurfacewaterstothedeepsea，whereitremainsforcenturiesormore.Scientistsfoundthatbeforeindustrialwhaling,populationsofwhaleswouldhavemade190,000to1.9milliontonnesofcarbonperyearsinktothebottomoftheocean,whichequalstaking40，000to410，000carsofftheroadeachyear.Butwhentheyarekilledandtheirbodiesarepreventedfromsinkingtotheseabed,thatcarbonisreleasedintotheatmosphere.Butwhalesarenotonlyvaluableafterdeath.Thetidesofexcrement(排泄物)thatwhalesproducearealsosurprisinglyrelevanttotheclimate.Theiriron－richexcrementcreatestheperfectgrowingconditionsforphytoplankton(浮游植物).Thesecreaturesmaybemicroscopic,__but,takentogether,theyhaveagreatinfluenceontheplanet’satmosphere,absorbingabout40%ofallCO2produced,fourtimestheamountabsorbedbytheAmazonrainforest.“Whalinghasremovedahugeorganiccarbonpumpfromtheoceanthatwouldhavebeenhavingamuchlargermultiplyingeffectonphytoplanktonproductivityandtheocean’sabilitytoabsorbcarbon，”saysVickiJames,policymanageratWhaleandDolphinConservation.Whatthismeansisthatrestoringwhalepopulationstotheirpre－whalingnumberscouldbeanimportanttoolinfightingclimatechange,andhelpingtoslightlyreducethelargeamountofCO2fromfossilfuelseveryyear.【語篇解讀】本文是說明文。鯨魚對全球氣候有巨大影響，它們自然死亡沉入海底可以防止它們體內儲存的碳進入大氣，它們的糞便可以幫助浮游植物生長從而吸收二氧化碳，因此，恢復鯨魚種群數量對環(huán)境保護意義重大。9.Whathappenstothecarbonstoredinwhalesaftertheyarehunted?A.Itremainsintheirbodies.B.Itenterstheatmosphere.C.Itsinkstothedeepsea.D.Ittransferstosurfacewaters.答案B[細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段中的“whentheyarekilled...isreleasedintotheatmosphere”可知，當鯨魚被捕殺之后，它們的身體不會沉入海底，它們體內儲存的碳會進入大氣中。]10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“microscopic”meaninParagraph3?A.Tiny. B.Destructive.C.Extinct. D.Rare.答案A[詞義猜測題。分析句子結構可知，畫線詞是對浮游植物特征的描述，結合常識和下文中的“but，takentogether，theyhaveagreatinfluence”可知，畫線詞應為great“巨大的”的反義詞，故A項正確。tiny“極小的，微小的”；destructive“破壞性的，毀滅性的”；extinct“已滅絕的；絕種的”；rare“稀罕的，珍貴的”。]11.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A.Whalesaremorevaluableaftertheydie.B.Excrementofwhalesacceleratesglobalwarming.C.40%ofCO2isabsorbedbytheAmazonrainforest.D.Whalinghasanegativeinfluenceonclimatechange.答案D[推理判斷題。根據最后一段中的“restoringwhalepopulationstotheirpre－whalingnumberscouldbeanimportanttoolinfightingclimatechange”可知，將鯨魚的數量恢復到捕鯨之前的數量對應對氣候變化有很重要的作用。據此可以推斷，捕鯨對氣候變化有消極的影響。]12.Whichisthebesttitleofthetext?A.WhatWeCanDotoSaveWhalesB.HowWhalesHelpCooltheEarthC.WhatIsClimateChangeDoingtoWhalesD.WhyWhalePopulationsAreDecliningSharply答案B[標題歸納題。本文第一段講到了鯨魚對地球溫度影響巨大；第二段講到了它們自然死亡沉入海底可以防止它們體內儲存的碳進入大氣；第三段講到了它們的糞便可以幫助浮游植物生長從而吸收二氧化碳；最后兩段講到了捕鯨對氣候變化的消極影響及恢復鯨魚數量的重要性，因此B項“鯨魚是如何幫助地球保持清涼的”最適合作本文的標題。]Ⅱ.完形填空(2023·江蘇省七市聯考)At20,Iwasscaredandlonely.Mylaptopwasfilledwiththebeginningofnovels,half－finishedsonglyrics(歌詞)—thingsI’dstartedwithteenage__1__onlytobedisappointedbymylackofcreativity.Iwas__2__tryingtofindanewwaytoapproachlife,withnooneto__3__meintherightdirection.OneSaturday,Iwenttoatrainingdayformyschool’snewjournalismteam.TheteachersuggestedIstartablogasagoodwaytogetinto__4__.Boredandinneedofa__5__，IimmediatelysetupaBloggeraccount.AsItypedpostafterpostinthemonthsthatfollowed,IassumedIwouldrunoutof__6__.Butsomehowwritingaboutthenewsand,later,about__7__，cameeasily.Herewassomethinginterestingthatrequiredonlyalaptopandan__8__.Ilovedtheresearchthatwentintoeachpost,lovedbeingableto__9__whatinterestedmeandlovedfindingjusttherightphrasetodescribehowI__10__.IfoundsomethingIwasgoodatandmoreimportantly,somethingI__11__.IkeptpostingandslowlyIgotbetter.I__12__，editedandevenlearnedhowtoemployametaphor.Itwasn’tlonguntilmymindwasmadeup：Iwasgoingtobea(n)__13__.Sevenyearslater,Iamhavingjustcompletedafantasticplacement(實習工作)inalocalnewspaper.Ihaveneverbeenso__14__tomyyoungerselfforactuallylisteningtotheonepieceofadvicethatturnedoutto__15__most.【語篇解讀】本文是記敘文。文章講述了作者想嘗試一種新的生活方式，但是無人指點，一次作者聽從了老師讓自己寫博客的建議，從而發(fā)現了自己擅長和喜歡的事，自己不再孤單和害怕，找到了人生目標。1.A.confusion B.maturityC.enthusiasm D.innocence答案C[A.confusion混亂；B.maturity成熟；C.enthusiasm熱情；D.innocence清白。根據前文“At20,Iwasscared...half－finishedsonglyrics(歌詞)”可知，作者20歲時，電腦里都是小說開頭和寫了一半的歌詞，結合實際，這些都是帶著年少時的熱情做的事。]2.A.praised B.stuckC.tricked D.punished答案B[A.praise表揚；B.stick困(于)；C.trick欺騙；D.punish處罰。根據后文“withnooneto________meintherightdirection.”可知，作者嘗試尋找一種新的生活方式，但是無人指點，所以是被困住了。]3.A.defend B.forceC.point D.join答案C[A.defend保護；B.force強迫；C.point指路，指點；D.join參加。根據前文“Iwas________tryingtofindanewwaytoapproachlife”可知，作者在嘗試尋找一種新的生活方式時，被困住了，因為沒人指點他。]4.A.socializing B.advertisingC.debating D.writing答案D[A.socialize交際；B.advertise登廣告；C.debate討論；D.write寫作。根據后文“AsItypedpostafterpostinthemonthsthatfollowed”可知，作者開始在博客上寫作，所以是進入寫作的好方法。]5.A.project B.courseC.tour D.budget答案A[A.project項目；B.course課程；C.tour旅行；D.budget預算。根據前文“Iwas________tryingtofindanewwaytoapproachlife”以及“Bored”可知，作者嘗試尋找一種新的生活方式，以及現在很無聊，所以是需要一個項目。]6.A.steam B.timeC.money D.luck答案A[A.steam精力，力量；B.time時間；C.money金錢；D.luck運氣。根據后文“Butsomehowwritingaboutthenewsand,later,about________，cameeasily.”可知，作者以為寫作會讓自己精疲力竭，誰知卻很容易。]7.A.events B.myselfC.celebrities D.society答案B[A.event大事；B.myself我自己；C.celebrity名人；D.society社會。根據后文“l(fā)ovedfindingjusttherightphrasetodescribehowI________.”可知，后來作者開始寫自己的感受，所以是寫他自己。]8.A.idea B.optionC.excuse D.answer答案A[A.idea想法；B.option選項；C.excuse借口；D.answer回答。根據前文“Butsomehowwritingaboutthenewsand,later,about________，cameeasily.”可知，作者覺得寫博客簡單，結合常識，因為只要一臺電腦和一個想法就行。]9.A.transform B.rejectC.predict D.explore答案D[A.transform使改變；B.reject拒絕；C.predict預測；D.explore探索。根據前文“Ilovedtheresearchthatwentintoeachpost”以及本句結構可知，本句是排比句，空處應和research意思相近，結合選項，應是D項explore“探索”符合題意。]10.A.acted B.feltC.developed D.succeeded答案B[A.act行動；B.feel感覺；C.develop成長；D.succeed成功。根據前文“l(fā)ovedbeingableto________whatinterestedmeandlovedfindingjusttherightphrasetodescribe”可知，本句是排比句，前句是在描寫能夠探索作者感興趣的東西，空處和此對應，結合選項，所以空處應是找到合適的短語來描述作者的感受。]11.A.resisted B.rememberedC.explained D.enjoyed答案D[A.resist抵制；B.remember記得；C.explain解釋；D.enjoy喜愛。根據前文“Mylaptopwasfilledwiththebeginningofnovels,half－finishedsonglyrics”以及“IfoundsomethingIwasgoodatandmoreimportantly”可推知，作者是喜歡寫作的，所以這里是找到了擅長的東西，更重要的是，找到了自己喜歡的東西。]12.A.redrafted B.copiedC.deleted D.published答案A[A.redraft重新起草；B.copy復制；C.delete刪去；D.publish出版。根據前文“IkeptpostingandslowlyIgotbetter.”可知，作者的寫作能力提高了，所以是對自己寫的文章，重新起草和編輯。]13.A.composer B.instructorC.journalist D.adventurer答案C[A.composer作曲家；B.instructor講師；C.journalist新聞記者；D.adventurer冒險家。根據后文“Sevenyearslater,Iamhavingjustcompletedafantasticplacement(實習工作)inalocalnewspaper.”可知，作者是想成為一名記者。]14.A.friendly B.helpfulC.mean D.grateful答案D[A.friendly友好的；B.helpful有用的；C.mean吝嗇的；D.grateful感激的。根據后文“myyoungerselfforactuallylisteningtotheonepieceofadvicethatturnedoutto________most.”可知，作者年輕時聽從了一條后來證明最重要的建議，所以是感謝年少時的自己。]15.A.matter B.differC.cost D.happen答案A[A.matter有重大影響；B.differ有區(qū)別；C.cost使損失；D.happen發(fā)生。通讀全文可知，作者想嘗試一種新的生活方式，但是無人指點，一次作者聽從了老師讓自己寫博客的建議，從而發(fā)現了自己擅長和喜歡的事，自己不再孤單和害怕，所以是有重要影響的建議。]A篇Para.2：overlookv.忽視，未注意到Para.3：involvedadj.參與的；作為一部分的；有關聯的pickup拿起；舉起；提起；接收(信號或聲音)Para.4：inspirev.激勵；鼓舞transformv.徹底改變B篇Para.2：desiren.渴望；愿望；欲望deliveryn.傳送；交付；遞送Para.3：sensorn.傳感器movearound四處移動atthespeedof...以……的速度C篇Para.1：shapev.塑造；決定……的形成，影響……的發(fā)展Para.5：restorev.恢復，使復原C篇譯文：當鯨魚死后，它們會沉入海底，而儲存在它們龐大身軀中的所有碳都會從表層水轉移到深海中，在那里保存幾個世紀甚至更久。eq\a\vs4\al(專題強化練)專題一四選一閱讀強化練(一)間接信息題與跨段綜合信息題解題提示：跨段綜合信息題需要考生結合兩段或兩段以上的信息進行綜合判斷，有一定的難度。縱觀近三年的新高考全國卷試題可以發(fā)現，此類題目在新高考全國卷中幾乎均有涉及?？忌谧龃祟愵}目時，需要瞻前顧后，綜合考量。對于間接信息題要特別注意原文信息到題目信息的轉換。要克服松懈思想，確保這兩類題目得滿分。Ⅰ.閱讀理解(2023·濟南高三統一考試)AtreeplantinginitiativeinKenyahasseenover30，000treesbeingplanted.TheGreenGenerationInitiativeisaKenyancharitythathasbeenplantingtreestocounterclimatechangeandthereductioninforestintheEastAfricannationsince2016.FoundedbyclimateactivistElizabethWathuti,theinitiative’sprimaryfocusisondevelopingyoungclimateactiviststhroughenvironmentaleducationinschoolsandaddressingfoodinsecurityintheregionthroughplantingfruittrees.Sinceitsfoundation,over30，000treeshavebeenplantedinKenya,whilethousandsofschoolchildrenhavenotjustplantedtreesbutadoptedthemtoensurethatyoungpeoplelearntheimportanceofactingasaguardianofthehealthoftheenvironment.Thetreeshaverecordedasurvivalrateofover98percent,astheycontinuegrowingfromyoungtreestomaturity.SpeakingtoworldleadersattherecentUNClimateChangeConferenceinGlasgow(COP26),Elizabethissuedaseriouswarningaboutthethreatofclimatechange：“OvertwomillionofKenyansarefacingclimate－relatedstarvation.In2025,halfoftheworld’spopulationwillbefacingwatershortage.BythetimeI’m50,theclimatecrisiswilldisplaceover80millionpeopleinsub－SaharanAfricaalone.”Elizabethsaid，“IhavebeendoingwhatIcan.InspiredbythegreatWangariMaathai,IfoundedatreegrowinginitiativethatenhancesfoodsecurityforyoungKenyans.Sofar,wehavegrown30，000fruittrees，providingdesperatelyneedednutritionforthousandsofchildren.”“Everydayweseethatwhenwelookafterthetrees,theylookafterus.WearetheadultsonthisEarthrightnow,anditisourresponsibilitytoensurethatthechildrenhavefoodandwater，”sheadded.【語篇解讀】本文是說明文。氣候活動家ElizabethWathuti于2016年創(chuàng)立了“綠色一代倡議”。自成立以來，它已經在肯尼亞種植了3萬多棵樹。1.Whatistheinitiativeintendedfor?A.Makingpolicies.B.Raisingmoney.C.Educatingadults.D.Fightingclimatechange.答案D[間接信息題。根據第一段中的“plantingtreestocounterclimatechangeandthereductioninforestintheEastAfricannation”可知，這項倡議是為了應對氣候變化和森林減少而創(chuàng)立的。]2.WhatcrisisareKenyansencounteringatpresent?A.Hunger. B.Sickness.C.Watershortage. D.Economicrisks.答案A[間接信息題。根據第三段中的“OvertwomillionofKenyansarefacingclimate－relatedstarvation.”可以看出，肯尼亞現今面臨的問題是與氣候相關的饑餓問題。]3.Whathasbeenachievedsince2016inKenya?A.Over3，000treeshavebeenplanted.B.Greenawarenesshasbeenraised.C.Over80millionpeoplehavebeensaved.D.Schooleducationhasbeenguaranteed.答案B[間接信息題。根據第二段中的“Sinceitsfoundation...youngpeoplelearntheimportanceofactingasaguardianofthehealthoftheenvironment.”可知，年輕人的環(huán)保意識有所提高。]4.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeElizabethWathuti?A.Friendlyandtalented.B.Caringandresponsible.C.Honestanddetermined.D.Ambitiousandhumorous.答案B[推理判斷題。根據最后一段中的“IfoundedatreegrowinginitiativethatenhancesfoodsecurityforyoungKenyans.”可知，ElizabethWathuti關心肯尼亞的年輕一代。根據最后一段中的“itisourresponsibilitytoensurethatthechildrenhavefoodandwater”可知，ElizabethWathuti是一個有責任心的人。B項“關心他人的和有責任心的”。](2023·湖南六校聯考)Ifyouarelookingforrecommendationsonbiographies(傳記)thatwilleducateyou,comediesthatwillmakeyourbellyacheorstoriesthatpresenttheuniquechallengeswomenfaceeveryday,readon.PrideandPrejudicebyJaneAustenAclassicthatnevergetsold.SetinruralEnglandattheturnof19thcentury,thistalecentersaroundtheBennetfamily,afamilyoffivedaughtersandtheirtwoparentswhoaredesperatetofindatleastoneofthedaughtersawealthymatch.Austen’sstoryfocusesonthetensionbetweenmarryingforloveinsteadofjustforpowerandfame,andtheuniquepressureonwomentofindfinancialsecuritybywayofmarriageatthetime.WomeninScience：50FearlessPioneersWhoChangedtheWorldbyRachelIgnotofskyItisasweetlyillustratedandeducationalbookthathighlightsthecontributionsof50womeninthefieldsoftechnology，science，engineeringandmathematics，fromthepresentdayallthewaybacktotheancient.GoodNightStoriesforRebelGirlsbyElenaFavilliIttellsthestoriesoffemaleheroesfromyearsagoandthepresentday.Withcolorportraitsandbiographiesthatareshortandsweet,thisbookisapage－turnerforanyonewantingtolearnaboutinfluentialwomeninthepastandpresent.BecomingbyMichelleObamaWewouldn’tbeabletowritethislistwithoutincludingMichelleObama’smemoir.BecominghastheformerFirstLadyoftheUnitedStatesdiscussingherchildhood,family,motherhood,herownimpactastheFirstLadyoftheUnitedStates,thepressuresofbeingpartofthefirstBlackfamilyintheWhiteHouseandbalancingherpubliclife.Andofcourseshewritesallaboutmeetingherhusbandandthemanyuniquechallengestheyfacedtoo.【語篇解讀】本文是應用文。文章介紹了四本有影響力的關于女性的著作。5.Whatdidtheparentsofthefivedaughtersintendtodo?A.Tomarrytheirdaughterstorichmen.B.Tolessenpressureontheirdaughters.C.Tohelptheirdaughtersmarryfortruelove.D.Tomaketheirdaughtersfinanciallyindependent.答案A[細節(jié)理解題。根據PrideandPrejudicebyJaneAusten部分中的“whoaredesperatetofindatleastoneofthedaughtersawealthymatch”可知，Bennet夫婦迫切地想要把他們的女兒嫁給有錢人。]6.Whosebookwillattractateeninterestedinscience?A.JaneAusten’s. B.RachelIgnotofsky’s.C.ElenaFavilli’s. D.MichelleObama’s.答案B[細節(jié)理解題。根據WomeninScience：50FearlessPioneersWhoChangedtheWorldbyRachelIgnotofsky可知，RachelIgnotofsky寫的這本書與科學有關。]7.Whatdothefourbookshaveincommon?A.Theyareallclassics.B.Theyareallbiographies.C.Theyareallrelatedtothefemale.D.Theyareallaboutheroes.答案C[綜合信息題。根據這四本書的介紹內容可知，這四本書的話題都與女性相關。](2023·長春高三質量監(jiān)測)Acomputerprogrammecanidentifybreastcancerfromroutinescanswithgreateraccuracythanhumanexperts.Researcherssaidtheyhopedthiscouldproveabreakthroughinthefightagainsttheglobalkiller.Breastcancerisoneofthemostcommoncancersinwomenallovertheworld,withmorethan2millionnewdiagnoseslastyearalone.Whetherbreastcancerissevereiscloselyrelatedtothetimeofdiagnosis.Therefore,theregularexaminationisvitalindetectingtheearliestsignsofthediseaseinpatientswhoshownoobvioussymptoms.InBritain,womenover50areadvisedtogetamammogram(乳房X光檢查)everythreeyears,theresultsofwhichareinterpretedbytwoindependentexpertsinordertoreduceerrorsindiagnosis.Butinterpretingthescansleavesroomforerrors,andasmallpercentageofallmammogramseitherreturnafalsepositive—misdiagnosingahealthypatientashavingcancerorfalsenegative—missingthediseaseasitspreads.NowresearchershavetrainedanartificialintelligencemodeltodetectcancerinbreastscansfromthousandsofwomeninBritainandtheUnitedStates.Theimageswerealreadyreviewedbydoctorsinreallifebutunlikeinaclinicalsetting,themachinehadnopatienthistorytoinformitsdiagnoses.TheteamfoundthattheirAImodelcouldpredictbreastcancerfromthescanswithasimilaraccuracyleveltoexpertradiographers,whoweretrainedtotakeX－rays.Further,theAIshowedareductioninthepercentageofcaseswherecancerwasincorrectlyidentified—5.7percentintheUSand1.2percentinBritainrespectively.Italsoreducedthepercentageofmisseddiagnosesby9.4percentamongUSpatientsandby2.7percentinBritainpatients.“Theearlieryouidentifyabreastcancer,thebetteritisforthepatient，”DominicKing,aUKleadingscientist,toldAFP.“Wethinkaboutthistechnologyinawaythatsupportsandenablesanexpert,orapatientultimately,togetthebestoutcomefromwhateverdiagnostics(診斷法)they’vehad.”【語篇解讀】本文是說明文。研究人員設計出了人工智能模型來協助人們更準確地診斷乳腺癌。8.Whatdowelearnaboutbreastcancer?A.Ithasbecomethetopkillerofallcancers.B.Itistypicalfortwodoctorstoanalyzethescanstogether.C.Theprogramhassucceededinthefightagainstbreastcancer.D.Itsseriousnessisstronglyconnectedwiththetimeofitsdiagnosis.答案D[細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段中的“Whetherbreastcancerissevereiscloselyrelatedtothetimeofdiagnosis.”可知，乳腺癌的嚴重程度與確診時間息息相關。]9.WhichofthefollowingisNOTanadvantageoftheartificialintelligencemodel?A.Alowerpercentageofmisseddiagnoses.B.Asmallerpercentageofmistakenlyidentifiedcases.C.Noerrorinmammogramsreturningafalseresult.D.Norequirementforpatienthistorytoinformitsdiagnoses.答案C[綜合信息題。根據第五段中的“theAIshowedareduction...inBritainrespectively”可知，人工智能也存在著誤診的情況，故C項的表述并不是人工智能模型的優(yōu)勢。]10.WhatcanbeinferredfromDominicKing’swords?A.TheAImodelhasnodelayinthedetectionofbreastcancer.B.TheAImodelcanbeofgreathelpindiagnosingbreastcancer.C.Thetechnologywillequippatientswithmoreexpertknowledge.D.Breastcancercanbedefinitelycuredifidentifiedearlyenough.答案B[推理判斷題。根據最后一段中DominicKing所說的話“Wethinkaboutthistechnology...getthebestoutcome”可以看出，人工智能模型可以支持和幫助人們在診斷乳腺癌方面取得最好的結果。]11.Whichisthemainideaofthetext?A.Acureforbreastcancerhasbeenconfirmed.B.AbreakthroughinAItechnologyhasbeenmade.C.ResearcherstrainedanAImodeltohelpdetectbreastcancer.D.Acomputerprogramavoidserrorsinidentifyingbreastcancer.答案C[文章大意題。根據文章內容和第四段首句可知，本文主要講述了研究人員研發(fā)出了一個AI模型來幫助人們更精確地診斷乳腺癌。]Ⅱ.七選五(2023·成都統考二模)PushyourselvesbeyondthelimitsLimitsareblocksbetweenyouandyoursuccess.Youwillfacegreatresistancewhenattemptingtobreakthroughthelimits.Itcouldbefear,lackofconfidence,physicaldisabilities,and