高一英語五種基本句型及鞏固練習(xí)課件

1、1,英語基本句型及鞏固練習(xí)課件,2,五種基本句型與There be.,（）主謂 They are working hard. （）主謂賓 I forgot to mail the letter yesterday. （）主謂賓賓 He gave me a new bicycle . （）主系表 He is a university student. （）主謂賓賓補(bǔ) Karl Marx made London the base for his revolutionary work. （ 6）There be + 主語 There is a hole in the wall.,3,英語基本句型-1

2、 主謂結(jié)構(gòu),4,英語基本句型-1主謂結(jié)構(gòu) 本結(jié)構(gòu)是由主語加不及物的謂語動詞構(gòu)成, 常用來表示主語的動作。 如：The sun rises. Tom has already left. 主語可有修飾語-定語，謂語可有修飾語-狀語。,如: 1. The red sun rises in the east. 2. So they had to travel by air or boat. 3.We got up early so as to catch the first bus. 4. She sat there alone, reading a novel. 5. He came back wh

3、en we were eating. 6.Weak buildings will fall down in an earthquake, but strong ones may stay up.,5,(主語+不及物動詞)擴(kuò)展和修飾,The boy spoke to his teacher. The little boy spoke loudly to his teacher. The boy named Tom spoke to his math teacher in a low voice. The little boy called Tom spoke to his Chinese tea

4、cher.,6,yesterday evening.,two hours.,in the past ten years.,in 1919.,1她昨天回家很晚。,2會議將持續(xù)兩個(gè)小時(shí)。,3在過去的十年里，（在）我的家鄉(xiāng)已經(jīng)發(fā)生了巨大的變化。,41919年，（在）北京爆發(fā)了“五.四”運(yùn)動。,She went home,very late,The meeting will last,Great changes have taken place,in my home town,The May Fourth Movement broke out,in Beijing,鞏固練習(xí)：,7,in the mor

5、ning.,to borrow books.,to the south.,five years ago.,five kilos.,every day.,5每天八時(shí)開始上課。,6這個(gè)盒子重五公斤。,7五年前我住在北京。,8秋天有些鳥飛到南方去。,9我的爺爺早晨起得很早。,10. 每天下午有許多學(xué)生到圖書館來借書。,Classes begin,at eight,This box weighs,I lived,in Beijing,some birds fly,In autumn,My grandfather gets up,early,a lot of students come,Every af

6、ternoon,to the library,8,11.會議有可能開兩個(gè)半小時(shí). 12. 我所就讀的學(xué)校坐落在那個(gè)美麗的湖邊. 13.她盼望已久的機(jī)會終于到來了. 14. 正在睡覺的嬰兒笑了.,The meeting will last,two and a half hours.,The school,lies,where I study,by the beautiful lake.,The chance,came,which she wanted to get for a long time,at last.,The baby,smiles.,sleeping,9,英語基本句型-2主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)

7、,10,英語基本句型-2主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu),本結(jié)構(gòu)是由主語+及物的謂語動詞+賓語構(gòu)成。 賓語成分的多樣化使得這一結(jié)構(gòu)異常復(fù)雜。,如：1. Tom made a hole in the wall. 2. I dont know if he can come tomorrow. 3. They havent decided where to go next. 4. She stopped teaching English two years ago. 5. It took them ten years to build the dam. 6. Mother promises to give me a pr

8、esent.,11,(主語+及物動詞+賓語)擴(kuò)展和修飾,I forgot to mail the letter yesterday. Unfortunately, I forgot to mail the letter yesterday. Unfortunately, I forgot to mail the letter yesterday, which disappointed my mum so much.,12,1昨晚我寫了一封信。,2今天下午我想同你談?wù)劇?3這本書他讀過多次了,4他們成功地完成了計(jì)劃。,5那位先生能流利地說三種語言。,I wrote a letter,last n

9、ight.,I want to talk with you,this afternoon.,He has read this book,many times.,They have carried out the plan,successfully.,That gentleman can speak three languages,fluently.,鞏固練習(xí)：,13,6我收到了筆友從澳大利亞寄來的信。 7Jim 還不會自己穿衣服。 8我們大家都相信Jack 是一個(gè)誠實(shí)男孩。 9. 他不知道說什麼好。 10. 我開窗戶你在意嗎？,I received a letter,from my penfr

10、iend,in Australia.,Jim cannot dress himself.,All of us believe that Jack is an honest boy.,He did not know what to say.,Do you mind my opening the window?,14,英語基本句型3 雙賓語結(jié)構(gòu),15,英語基本句型3 雙賓語結(jié)構(gòu) 說明：此結(jié)構(gòu)由“主語+及物謂語動詞+間接賓語（人） +直接賓語（事物）”組成。如： He brings me cookies every day. 但若要先說出直接賓語（事物），后說間接賓語（人），則要借助于介詞to或fo

11、r。如： He brings cookies to me every day. She made a beautiful dress for me. 用to側(cè)重指動作的方向，表示朝著，向著，對著某人。 用for 側(cè)重指動作的受益者，表示為了某人，替某人。 常跟雙賓語的動詞有：（需借助to的）bring, give, lend, hand, offer, pass, pay, promise, return, send, show, teach, tell, write, ask等； （需借助for 的） buy, call, cook, choose, draw, find, get, mak

12、e, order, sing, save, spare等。,16,(主語+及物動詞+間接賓語+直接賓語) 擴(kuò)展和修飾,Grandma told me a story. As expected, Grandma told me a story . Grandma told me a story for the purpose of cheering me up. Grandma told me one story after another in the hope of cheering me up.,17,1Johnson 先生去年教我們德語。 2奶奶昨晚給我們講了一個(gè)有趣的故事。 3請把那本

13、字典遞給我好嗎？ 4他把車票給列車員看。,Mr Johnson taught us German,last year.,Grandma told me an interesting story,last night.,Would you please pass me the dictionary?,He showed the ticket to the conductor.,18,5我替你叫輛出租汽車好嗎？ 6新式機(jī)器將會為你節(jié)省許多勞動。 7他用他的第一個(gè)月工資給他媽媽買了一件毛衣,Shall I call you a taxi?,The new machine will save you

14、a lot of labour.,He bought a new coat for his mother,with his first months salary.,19,英語基本句型-4 主系表結(jié)構(gòu),20,英語基本句型-4主系表結(jié)構(gòu) 本結(jié)構(gòu)是由主語+系動詞+表語組成，主要用以說明主語的特征，類屬，狀態(tài)，身份等。系動詞有: 1.表示特征和存在狀態(tài)的 be, seem, feel, appear, look, smell, taste, sound; 2.表示狀態(tài)延續(xù)的 remain, stay, keep, continue, stand; 3.表示狀態(tài)變化的 become, get, tur

15、n, go, run, fall, come, grow;,21,Our English teacher is thirty years old.,The cake tastes delicious.,We feel used to living in big cities.,The potatoes went bad in the fields.,Their boss seems satisfied with the work.,Deep water stays still.,22,(主語+連系動詞+表語)擴(kuò)展和修飾,The soup tastes good. To our surprise

16、, The soup tastes good. The soup tastes good,which is beyond our expectation. Frankly speaking, The soup tastes good. To be honest, The soup tastes so good as to surprise everyone.,23,鞏固練習(xí)： 1冬季白天短，夜晚長 2十五歲他就成為有名的鋼琴家了。 3孩子們很少保持安靜。 4她的工作是在幼兒園里照看兒童。,In winter, the days are short and the nights are long

17、.,At the age of fifteen, he became a famous pianist.,Children seldom keep quiet.,Her job is to look after the children in the nursery.,24,5他失業(yè)了。 6樹葉已經(jīng)變黃了 7這個(gè)報(bào)告聽起來很有意思,He is out of work.,The leaves have turned yellow.,The report sounds interesting.,25,1. As in China, the weather is different from are

18、a to area.,主系表句型的幾個(gè)特例：,2. We are greatly surprised to meet him there.,3. It is not a good idea to spend your vacation with strangers.,4. It is kind of you to say so.,5. It is not easy for them to go there by bike.,6. Is it Tom who is playing the piano?,7. It is a fact that they cant pass the exam.,2

19、6,英語基本句型5 復(fù)合賓語結(jié)構(gòu),27,英語基本句型5 復(fù)合賓語結(jié)構(gòu) 說明: 此結(jié)構(gòu)由“主語+及物的謂語動詞+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語”構(gòu)成。賓語與賓語補(bǔ)足語之間有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系或主表關(guān)系，若無賓語補(bǔ)足語，則句意不夠完整?？梢杂米鲑e補(bǔ)的有：名詞，形容詞，副詞，介詞短語，動詞不定式，分詞等。如： The sun keeps us warm. I heard him singing. You must get your hair cut. They made Tom monitor. He used to do his homework with his radio on. 用 it 做形式賓語，而將真

20、正的賓語放到賓語補(bǔ)足語的后面，以使句子結(jié)構(gòu)平衡，是英語常用的句型結(jié)構(gòu)方式。即：主語+謂語+it+賓補(bǔ)+真正賓語。如： I found it very pleasant to be with your family.,28,鞏固練習(xí)： 1我們叫她Alice. 2我們大家都認(rèn)為他是誠實(shí)的。 3他們把小偷釋放了。 4我要你把真相告訴我。 5 .衛(wèi)兵命令我們立即離開。 6. 每天早晨我們都聽到他大聲朗讀英語。 7他每個(gè)月理一次發(fā) 8我們不會讓她在晚上外出的。,We call her Alice.,All of us considered him honest.,They have set the th

21、ief free.,I want you to tell me the truth.,The guards ordered us to leave at once.,Every morning we hear him read English aloud.,He has his hair cut once a month.,We wont let her go out at night.,29,9那可怕的聲音把孩子們嚇壞了 10她正在聽人家講故事。 11我從來沒看見這個(gè)字這樣用過。 12他感到很難跟你交談。 13我認(rèn)為有可能用另一種方法解題。 14學(xué)校定了一條規(guī)則，開始上課時(shí)學(xué)生要起立。,Th

22、e terrible sound made the children frightened.,She is listening to someone telling stories.,I have never seen the word used that way before.,He felt it very difficult to talk with you.,I consider it possible to work out the problem in another way.,The school made it a rule that the students should s

23、tand up when class begins.,30,英語基本句型6 There be 句型,31,英語基本句型6 There be 句型 說明： 此句型是由“there+be+主語+其他”構(gòu)成，用以表達(dá)存在關(guān)系可以稱“有”。 它其實(shí)是倒裝的一種情況，主語位于謂語動詞 be 之后，there 僅為引導(dǎo)詞，并無實(shí)際語意。 此句型有時(shí)不用be動詞，而用 live, stand, come, go, lie, remain, exist, arrive等。如： There stands a hill in the middle of the park. Once upon a time the

24、re lived an old king in the town.,32,be 與其后的主語在人稱和數(shù)量上一致，有時(shí)態(tài)和情態(tài)變化。如： 現(xiàn)在有 There is/are 過去有 There was/were 將來有 There will be； There is /are going to be. 現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)有 There has/have been 可能有 There might be. 肯定有 There must be There must have been. 過去曾經(jīng)有 There used to be 似乎有 There seems/seem/seemed to be 碰巧有 There happen/happens/happened to be ,33,There be + 主語 (例句),There was a big fire in the early April of 1978. There seemed to be a big fire in the