虛擬語(yǔ)氣用法總結(jié))

1、虛 擬 語(yǔ) 氣,概念： 虛擬語(yǔ)氣：表示說(shuō)話(huà)人所說(shuō)的不是事實(shí)，而是一種愿望、假設(shè)、或推測(cè)。,一、虛擬語(yǔ)氣在 if非真實(shí)條件句中,過(guò)去式 be -were,should / would/ could / might + do,had done,should / would/ could / might + have done,過(guò)去式（be-were） should do were to do,should / would/ could / might + do,If you had studied hard before, you would have passed the exam. （過(guò)去虛擬

2、）,1.如果我是你，我會(huì)接受他的建議（現(xiàn)在虛擬）,2.如果明天下雨，我會(huì)待在家里。（將來(lái)虛擬）,3.如果你以前好好學(xué)習(xí)， 你會(huì)通過(guò)考試的。,If I were you, I would accept his advice.,If it rained（should rain/were to rain ）tomorrow, I would stay at home.,You didnt let me drive. If we _ in turn, you _ so tired. drove; didnt get drove; wouldnt get were driving; wouldnt ge

3、t had driven; wouldnt have got,1. if從句中， 省略if，were，had，should可以放在句首，（用于倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)），否定詞not不能放在前面。,1.If I were you, I would accept his advice.,2.If it should rain tomorrow, I would stay at home.,3.If you had studied hard before, you would have passed the exam.,Had you studied hard before,Were I you,Should i

4、t rain tomorrow,.,_ it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Yang Pu Bridge. Were B. Should C.Would D. Will,If it should rain tomorrow (省略if，用部分倒裝）,2.錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間虛擬語(yǔ)氣 當(dāng)從句與主句時(shí)間不一致時(shí)，動(dòng)詞的形式要根據(jù)它所表示的時(shí)間作出相應(yīng)的調(diào)整。 If you _(follow)my advice just now, you _(be)better now. If you _(study)hard before,

5、you _(be)a college student now.,had followed,would be,had studied,would be,If you _ with George earlier, you _ so angry now. talked; would not be had talked; would not be would talk; would not be had talked; would not have been,If we had taken such effective measures much earlier, the river _ so ser

6、iously now. is not polluted would not be polluted had not been polluted would not have been polluted,3、含蓄虛擬語(yǔ)氣 在虛擬語(yǔ)氣中，并不總是出現(xiàn)if引導(dǎo)的條件句，而通過(guò)其它手段來(lái)代替條件句。 常用的有otherwise ，or ，without，but for（倘沒(méi)有，要不是）等。,1.I was ill that day. Otherwise, I would have taken part in the sports meeting. =If I hadnt been ill that d

7、ay, I would have taken part in the sports meeting.,2.He telephoned to inform me of your birthday, or I would have known nothing about it.,3.Without / But for your help, we couldnt have finished the work ahead of time. =If it had not been for your help, ,Without electricity, human being life _ quite

8、different today. is will be would have been would be,But for his help, I _. should not have succeeded have not succeeded did not succeed had not succeeded,He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball, otherwise he _ a goal. had scored scored would score would have scored,It is strange that_. 他居

9、然會(huì)這樣說(shuō)，真是奇怪。 It is necessary that_. 有必要派他去北京。,二、虛擬語(yǔ)氣在主語(yǔ)從句中的使用 1，Its necessary/strange/natural/important/ impossible that 主語(yǔ)+(should)+動(dòng)詞原形,he ( should ) say so,he be sent to Beijing,2.It is a pity /a shame/ a surprise/no wonder that 主語(yǔ)+(should)+V原形,It is a great pity that_. 他居然會(huì)這樣想，真是一件憾事。,he ( should

10、 ) think so,3.It is/was suggested /ordered / demanded / proposed / （1234）+that +主語(yǔ)+(should)+V原形 Its suggested that the plan should be carried out. It is suggested that_ _. 有人建議，晚會(huì)周六舉行。,the party （should）be,held on Saturday,一個(gè)堅(jiān)持 insisted,兩道命令 ordered, commanded,三條建議 advised, suggested, proposed,四點(diǎn)要求

11、demanded, required, requested, desired,It is required that you _ at six. will arrive B. arrive C. arrived D. would arrive 2.It is strange that the lazy boy _ pass the exam. A. has B. should C. would D. might,3. It is necessary that our drinking water _ cleaner. A. should be made B. is made C. would

12、be made D. was made,三.虛擬語(yǔ)氣在賓語(yǔ)從句中的使用 1.在wish 引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句中,過(guò)去時(shí)（were）,過(guò)去完成時(shí)、 had+done could have done,Should/would/could/might+動(dòng)詞原形,I wish (that)he_(visit) us tomorrow. I wish (that) he_(visit)us today. I wish he_(visit) us yesterday.,would visit,visited,had visited,I wish I _ the meeting last week. A. cou

13、ld attend B. attended C. have attended D. had attended,2.在表示堅(jiān)持，要求,命令,建議的賓語(yǔ)從句中,一個(gè)堅(jiān)持 _ 兩個(gè)命令 _ 三個(gè)建議 _ 四個(gè)要求 _,+that 主語(yǔ)+（ should ）+ V原形 The doctor suggested that he (should) try （try）to lose his weight. He insisted that we (should) tell （ tell）him the news.,insist,order, command,advise, suggest, propose,

14、demand, require, request, desire,注意： suggest:表明，暗示 陳述語(yǔ)氣 建議 虛擬語(yǔ)氣 Her pale face suggested that she _（be)ill . Her friends suggested that she _(send) to hospital immediately. Insist：堅(jiān)持說(shuō)， 陳述語(yǔ)氣 堅(jiān)持要求 虛擬語(yǔ)氣 He insisted that he _(not steal) the money . He insisted that he _ (set) free.,was,(should) be sent,h

15、adnt stolen,(should) be set,3.在 would rather 寧愿 would prefer would sooner +賓語(yǔ)從句中 had rather would as soon 與現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)事實(shí)相反 過(guò)去時(shí) 動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式/were 與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反 過(guò)去完成時(shí) had done I would rather you _(come) here now. I would rather you _(come) here tomorrow. I would rather you _ (not tell)me the truth yesterday.,came,hadnt

16、told,came,四、虛擬語(yǔ)氣的其他用法 1. as if / as though（好像）+從句(與wish一樣) if only(要是就好了）,If only I _ (be)a bird If only you _ （listen)to our advice! If only I _ （be）a superstar some day. He looks as if he _an artist. He talked about the accident as if he _it.,were,had listened,would be,were,had seen,2.It is (high

17、/ about) time+ (that)從句 動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式 should（不可省略） + do 該是某人做某事的時(shí)候了。 It is high time that you got up/should get up.,Im getting tired; its time we _ home. A. go B. are going C. went D. should be going,3、在for fear that, in case, lest引導(dǎo)的從句中，若用虛擬語(yǔ)氣時(shí)，從句謂語(yǔ)為：（should） + do。并且should能省略（for fear that，lest），in case不能省

18、略 She examined the door again for fear that a thief _ (come) in. 她又把門(mén)檢查了一遍，以防盜賊的進(jìn)入。 He started out earlier lest he _ (be) late. 他早早的就出發(fā)了以防遲到。,(should) come,(should) be,4、在so that / in order that所引導(dǎo)的目的狀語(yǔ)從句中，從句中的謂語(yǔ)為： may (might) can (could) + do should He goes closer to the speaker so that he _him clearer. (hear) 他走近說(shuō)話(huà)的人以便能聽(tīng)得更清楚。 He read the letter carefully in order that he _ a word. (miss) 他把信讀得很仔細(xì)以便不漏掉一個(gè)字。,can hear,should not miss,5. 用于“May + 主語(yǔ)+ 動(dòng)詞原形+其他” May you have a long and happy life ！ 祝您快樂(lè)長(zhǎng)壽！ May y