不會(huì)制圖或看不懂圖紙.ppt

1、Proper omission(省譯),I.Definition,By omission we mean properly omitting some words or expressions in order to make the translated version brief, concise, clear, instead of verbose or clumsy. Proper omission in English-Chinese translation often involves the omitting of some words (such as prepositions

2、, articles, certain pronouns, conjunctions, etc.) that are indispensable in the SL text but not in the TL text in the process of translation.,II.Motivation,Omission is based on the differences between English and Chinese. Only by omitting or adding some words or expressions can we make the translate

3、d version more idiomatic and thus more expressive. For example, Chinese has no articles or infinitive markers, and pronouns, conjunctions, and prepositions are not as frequently used as those of English. So when we translate English sentences with articles and infinitive markers into Chinese, we oft

4、en omit these articles or infinitive markers. E.g.:,Motivation,You cannot build a ship, a bridge or a house if you dont know how to make a design or how to read it. It took him a long time to reach the bottom and to crouch behind a little dwarf palm. 不會(huì)制圖或看不懂圖紙，就不可能造船，架橋或蓋房子。 他費(fèi)了很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間才從山上爬下來(lái)，蹲到一棵矮小的棕

5、櫚樹(shù)后面。,III.Principles,Omission should be aimed at smoothness and conciseness or succinctness. Omission does not go against faithfulness. Omission only involves omitting words that are superfluous in the TL text but are indispensable in the SL text. Omission does not mean subtracting meanings from the

6、 original work. What is omitted may not be necessarily confined to certain parts of speech, as the traditionalists often say. Any parts of speech may be liable to be omitted depending upon the context and the translators translation techniques.,Omission of parts of speech due to syntactic considerat

7、ion,Omission of articles (articles are generally not translated unless it is necessary) Omission of prepositions Omission of personal and possessive pronouns Omission of it Omission of conjunctions Omission of verbs,Omission of articles,The earth moves round the sun. The horse is a useful animal. An

8、y home appliance must be handled with care whether it is a TV set, a VCR or a microwave oven. We do translation exercises twice a week. How do you like the film?,Omission of articles,地球繞太陽(yáng)公轉(zhuǎn)。 馬是有用的動(dòng)物。 家電都需要輕拿輕放，不論是電視機(jī)，錄 像機(jī)還是微波爐。 我們每星期做兩次翻譯練習(xí)。 你認(rèn)為那部電影怎么樣？,Omission of prepositions,The rocket engine ca

9、rries with it the oxygen of its own. We have made much progress in pronunciation. Trees grow along both banks of the canal. Now complaints are heard in all parts of that country.,Omission of prepositions,我們的發(fā)音有很大進(jìn)步。 火箭發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)自帶氧氣。 運(yùn)河兩岸長(zhǎng)著樹(shù)木。 該國(guó)各地目前怨聲載道。,Omission of personal and possessive pronouns,If you

10、 want to kill a snake you must hit it first one the head and if you want to catch a band of robbers you must first catch their leader. He is a good friend that speaks well of us behind our backs. The significance of a man is not in what he attains but rather in what he longs to attain. If your TV se

11、t does not work properly, youd better not have it fixed. Just buy a new one. He is keeping his bed. All the fellows gathered around, stretching their necks like geese. Why do we feel cooler when we fan ourselves? That dishonest boy is not at all ill. He is alive and kicking in the swimming pool. We

12、all saw him.,Omission of personal and possessive pronouns,打蛇先打頭，擒賊先擒王。 在背后說(shuō)我們好話的人才是一個(gè)好朋友。 人生的意義不在于已獲取的，而在于渴望獲得什么樣 的東西。 電視有毛病，最好別去修，最好再買(mǎi)新的。 他正臥病在床。 所有的人都聚攏來(lái)，像鵝一樣伸長(zhǎng)脖子。 煽扇子時(shí)我們?yōu)槭裁磿?huì)感到?jīng)隹煨?那個(gè)不誠(chéng)實(shí)的孩子根本就沒(méi)病，他在游泳池里活蹦亂跳的，我們都看見(jiàn)了。,Omission of it,It was not until the middle of the 19th century that the film came i

13、nto being. It requires patience to do the job. It is true that he went there. He took it upon himself to pay off the debt. It is easy to learn English, but it is difficult to attain perfection in it. It is quite still in the laboratory. It was just growing dark, as she shut the garden gate.,Omission

14、 of it,直到十九世紀(jì)中葉，電影才開(kāi)始出現(xiàn)。 做這件工作需要有耐性。 他去了那里是真的。 他自愿負(fù)責(zé)還清債務(wù)。 英語(yǔ)易學(xué)難精。 實(shí)驗(yàn)室里很安靜。 她關(guān)上園門(mén)時(shí)，已是暮色蒼茫了。,Omission of conjunctions,If winter comes, can spring be far behind? I can finish the work so long as you give me time. No matter whether you believe me or not, I saw it with my own eyes. There must be some peo

15、ple in the room, for I heard a voice. Let us go and try it again. He considered the National Security Council too large and bulky and thus too leaky, too many people who talked too much. When deeply absorbed in work, which he often was, he would forget all about eating and sleeping. On the platform

16、I could see a Negro who was working at the pump.,Omission of conjunctions,冬天來(lái)了，春天還會(huì)遠(yuǎn)嗎？ 給我時(shí)間，我就能完成這項(xiàng)工作。 我親眼看見(jiàn)的信不信由你。 屋里準(zhǔn)有人，我聽(tīng)見(jiàn)有人聲。 我們?cè)偃ピ囋嚒?他認(rèn)為國(guó)家安全委員會(huì)機(jī)構(gòu)太龐大，人多嘴雜，容易泄密。 他經(jīng)常聚精會(huì)神地工作，往往廢寢忘食。 我看見(jiàn)平臺(tái)上有個(gè)黑人在壓水泵。,Omission of verbs,In most cases the soil near the surface is merely damp and is not completely satur

17、ated with water. When the pressure gets low, the boiling point becomes low. These developing countries cover vast territories, encompass a large population and abound in natural resources.,Omission of verbs,在大多數(shù)情況下，地表附近的土壤僅僅有些潮濕，但含水量并未完全飽和。 氣壓低，沸點(diǎn)就低。 這些發(fā)展中國(guó)家土地遼闊，人口眾多，資源豐富。,Omission due to a consider

18、ation of logic,He ordered a Gibson (吉布森雞尾酒，一種由杜松子酒或伏特加酒與苦艾酒混合而成的酒) and shouldered his way in between two other men at the bar. What is the shortest possible way to China Hotel?,Omission due to a consideration of logic,他要了一杯雞尾酒，就在酒店里擠到兩個(gè)人當(dāng)中站著。 去中國(guó)大酒店哪條路最近？,Omission due to a consideration of rhetoric,

19、Omission of the repeated expressions of the original Omission of the unnecessary expressions of the original,Omission of the repeated expressions of the original,University applicants who had worked at a job would receive preference over those who had not. Instead of one old woman knocking me about

20、and starving me, everybody of all ages knocked me about and starved me.,Omission of the repeated expressions of the original,報(bào)考大學(xué)的人，有工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)的優(yōu)先錄取。 那時(shí)打我并且使我挨餓的不只是一個(gè)老太婆，而是老老少少各式各樣的人。,Omission of the unnecessary expressions of the original,UNICEF would be in a position to meet more of the vast unsatisfied

21、 needs of children and young people if more resources were made available to it. A motion has been made for a separate vote on paragraph 4 of the draft resolution which appears in paragraph 11 of the report. There was no snow, the leaves were gone from the trees, and the grass was dead. China is also a country of people with a passionate love of flowers and trees and intense dedication to the welfare of children and to the work ethic. P