比較級和最高級的用法

1、形容詞和副詞的 比較級和最高級,Unit 4,形容詞：是修飾名詞（人或事物），表示名 詞的性質(zhì)，特征或?qū)傩砸环N詞類。 它在句中作定語、表語和賓語補(bǔ)足語。,副詞：用來修飾動詞、形容詞及其他副詞 的詞叫副詞。副詞在句中多作狀語.,一、形容詞和副詞的概念,形容詞作定語一般放在被修飾 的名詞之前。 如: a new book, two big trees 等。,二、形容詞和副詞的用法,形容詞放在系動詞be 、look、 get、 keep、turn、feel、become、seem、 grow、 smell等之后。 如:1.I am short. 2.She looks fine. 3.They tu

2、rn green.,如果形容詞修飾不定代詞something, anything, everything, nothing等時(shí)，要放在不定代詞后面。 如:something interesting nothing new,副詞放在所修飾的動詞之后、形容詞和副 詞之前。如果前面是行為動詞，則后面用副詞。 如: 1.She works hard .（修飾動詞） 2.I am very busy.（修飾形容詞） 3.He runs too quickly .（修飾副詞） 4.We play happily. （修飾動詞）,通常在形容詞后加-ly變成副詞。,slow _ real _ usual _

3、careful_ easy _ happy _ heavy _ angry _,slowly,usually,easily,heavily,really,carefully,happily,angrily,單音節(jié)和少數(shù)多音節(jié)的形容詞和副詞的比較級和最高級 的構(gòu)成分規(guī)則和不規(guī)則。變化如下：,雙音節(jié)或多音節(jié)形容詞和副詞的比較級 和最高級的特殊情況：,1、一般是在原級前加more構(gòu)成比較級，在原級前加most構(gòu)成最高級。 beautiful more beautiful most beautiful interesting more interesting most interesting dang

4、erous more dangerous most dangerous 2、某些單音節(jié)形容詞，加more, most 構(gòu)成比較級和最高級。 glad more glad most glad pleased more pleased most pleased tired more tired most tired often-more often- most often,不規(guī)則變化，要多加注意哦！,good bad many little ,well badly much far ,better,best,worse,worst,more,most,less,least,better,best,

5、farther,farthest,worse,worst,more,most,important _ _ easy_ _ wet_ _ happy_ _ careful _ _ thin _ _ good_ _ hot _ _ easily _ _ many_ _ nice _ _ big _ _ heavy_ _ delicious_ _ much_ _,給出下列詞的比較級和最高級,more important,most important,easier,easiest,wetter,wettest,happier,happiest,more careful,most careful,thi

6、nner,thinnest,better,best,hotter,hottest,more easily,most easily,more,most,nicer,nicest,bigger,biggest,heavier,heaviest,more delicious,most delicious,more,most,三、形容詞和副詞的級,形容詞和副詞有三個等級： 原級、比較級、最高級 1.原級：即形容詞和副詞的原形。 small, good, pretty, big, many hard, happily, slowly, quickly 程度副詞very,too,so,quite等修飾形容

7、詞和副詞的原級。 如：very tall、 too hot、 so cold quite interesting run quickly, asas ,(與一樣） not as（so)as （與不一樣）中間用原級。 The story is as interesting as that one. The question is not as / so difficult as that one.,2.比較級：兩個人或物之間的比較。表示“較”或“更一些”。標(biāo)志詞：than (比） 單音節(jié)詞通常是-er結(jié)尾；多音節(jié)或部分雙音節(jié)詞通常在之前加more. 如:smaller, better, tall

8、er, older, more, harder more interesting , more quickly,3.最高級：三個或三個以上的人或物之間 的比較。 標(biāo)志詞：in+大范圍, of all, of +the+具體的數(shù)字 表示“最”的意思。（兩者以上用最高級） 單音節(jié)詞通常是-est結(jié)尾；多音節(jié)或部分雙音節(jié)詞通常在之前加most. 在形容詞的最高級前必須加the;副詞之前可以不加。如 ：smallest, tallest, newest, best most interesting, most difficultly,Look at the pictures and understan

9、d 看圖并理解,big,bigger,biggest,fast,faster,fastest,Look at the pictures and understand 看圖并理解,Ge You is funny. Zhao Benshan is funnier. Pan Changjiang is the funniest of them .,肥肥-沈殿霞,100kg,heavy,the heaviest,Mr. Wang,Mr. Li,Miss Shen is heavy. Mr. Wang is heavier. Mr. Li is the heaviest of the three .,形

10、容詞、副詞的比較級和最高級的用法,1.比較級 + than， 意思為“A比B更”。 eg.This tree is taller than that one. 2、as as: 與一樣； not as/so as: 不及,比不上,中間用原型 如： She is as beautiful as her sister. 她跟她姐姐一樣漂亮。 The movie is not so/as good as we had expected. 這部電影沒有我們想象的那么好看。,3.“比較級 + and + 比較級”或“more and more +原級”表示“越來越” 如： It becomes warm

11、er and warmer when spring comes.春天來了，天氣變得越來越暖和了。 It is getting cooler and cooler.天氣越來越?jīng)鏊?The wind became more and more heavily. 風(fēng)變得越來越大。 Our school is becoming more and more beautiful. 我們的學(xué)校變得越來越美麗。,4.Who/which+比較級，A or B? 在含有or的選擇疑問句中，如果有兩者供選 擇，前面的形容詞要用比較級形式。 如： Who is taller,Tim or Tom? 誰更高，Tim還是

12、 Tom? 5. “the +比較級, the+比較級”，表示“越越”。 The more money you make, the more you spend. 錢你賺得越多，花得越多。 The sooner，the better. 越快越好。,6. 表示倍數(shù)的比較級用法： . A is times the size /height/length/width of B. 如：The new building is three times the height of the old one. 這座新樓比那座舊樓高三倍。(新樓是舊樓的四倍高) . A is times as big /high/

13、long/wide/large as B. 如：Asia is four times as large as Europe. 亞洲是歐洲的四倍大。(亞洲比歐洲大三倍) . A is times larger /higher/longer/wider than B. 如：Our school is twice bigger than yours. 我們學(xué)校比你們學(xué)校大兩倍。,最高級的表達(dá)方法,1、the +最高級+of/in 如：He is the tallest students in our class. 他是我們班最高的學(xué)生。 2、Who/which +be+最高級，A, B or C?

14、如：Which is the biggest city in China, Beijing, Shanghai or Hong Kong? 哪個是中國最大的城市，北京，上海還是香港？,3、one of the +最高級+復(fù)數(shù)名詞 如：Changjiang is one of the longest rivers in the world. 長江是世界上最長的河流之一。 4、the +序數(shù)詞+最高級+單數(shù)名詞 如：Changjiang is the second longest river in the world. 長江是世界第二長河。,5、the + 最高級+that sb. Have/ha

15、s ever done 如：This is the most excited film that I have ever seen. 這是我所看過的最好看的電影。,More examples: 1.Mary is cleverer than her little sister. 2.The new building is higher than the old one. 3.His shirt is more expensive than mine. 4.Kate is more beautiful than Lily is. 5.She is five years older than I

16、am. 6.He is 2 centimeters taller than her. 7.This ruler is 20 centimeters longer than that one.,More examples: 1.He is the youngest of all the children. 2.This book is the most interesting of all books. 3.America is the most developed country in the world. 4.The Changjiang River is the longest river

17、 in China. 5.He is one of the greatest scientists in China. 6.The city is one of the most beautiful cities in the world. 7.Lucy is one of the tallest girls in her class. 8.Give my best wishes to you. 9.He is my best friend.,形容詞最高級的用法(in; of) 那個短發(fā)的女孩是我們班最高的. 今天是一年中最熱的一天. 他的房間是三個中最干凈的一個. 上海是中國最大的城市.,T

18、he girl with red hair is the tallest in our class.,Today is the hottest day of the year.,His room is the cleanest of the three.,Shanghai is the largest in China.,注意,1.The new building is higher than the old one.,Those apples are bigger than these ones.,2.His shirt is more expensive than mine.,如果主語是物

19、主代詞+名詞，那么后面要用 名詞性物主代詞。,比較級必須在同類中進(jìn)行，即人與人比， 物與物比，而且比較結(jié)構(gòu)前后的詞語要對稱， 特別注意在than或 as 之后不要漏掉可能出現(xiàn) 的替代詞 that ，those, one ,ones.,注意,3.Kate is more beautiful than Lily is. She is five years older than I am.,I drink more tea than he (does).,than前后句子的時(shí)態(tài)相同。通常用be動詞 情態(tài)動詞can, may, must, could, should和助動 詞do, does ,did

20、, will，have等來簡答。,4.I have more pens than you (do).,many,much,little,few等詞必須帶名詞。,注意,5.The city is one of the most beautiful cities in the world.,one of+ the+最高級+復(fù)數(shù)名詞,Which/Who+ 比較級，A or B? Which/Who+ 最高級，A ，B or C?,6.Who is older, Jim or Tom ? Who is the tallest, Jim , Mike or Tom,Which language is _

21、 , English, French or Chinese? A. difficult B. more difficult C. the most difficult,C,注意,7. Mary is the tallest of all the sisters in the family .,在使用形容詞最高級時(shí)，一定要把自己包括 在比較的范圍內(nèi)。,8.This is the third largest city in China .,當(dāng)表示“第二，第三”等意思時(shí)，經(jīng)常在最高 級的前面加second, third,等詞。,9.Its our largest machine in our fac

22、tory.,當(dāng)最高級前有物主代詞修飾時(shí)，其前不加 定冠詞the.,3、表示在兩者之間相差的程度用“具體數(shù)字+比較級+ than+ 比較對象”。 eg: The road is two metres longer than that one . 這條公路比那條公路長兩米。 This pencil is four inches shorter than that one . 這只鉛筆比那只鉛筆短四英寸。 4、有些雙音節(jié)和單音節(jié)形容詞，既可以加er或est構(gòu)成比較級和最高級，也可以加more 和most構(gòu)成比較級和最高級。 friendly huge calm free true clever,5、

23、形容詞原級的比較。 形容詞的原級與asas連用表示肯定意思，是“和一樣”的意思；與not as/ so as連用表示否定意義，是“不如”或“不一樣”的含義。 She is as pretty as her mother. The book is as new as that one. The story is as interesting as that one. The question is not as / so difficult as that one. My bike is not as / so good as yours.,6、形容詞比較級的修飾。比較級前面可以用even(更加

24、)，much(得多)，far(得多)，a little(一點(diǎn))，a bit(一點(diǎn))，a lot(大量)，still(還，還要)等詞語表示不定程度或數(shù)量。 eg: I am even less lucky. She is far better than me at writing. This pen is much better than that one. Tom is a little shorter than his friend Jim.,7. 形容詞的比較級 + and + 形容詞的比較級 （前后形容詞是同一個） 越來越 She is becoming thinner and thin

25、ner. Our country is becoming richer and richer. There are more and more students in our school. Living in the world is becoming more and more difficult.,8、the + 形容詞的比較級 + + the +形容詞的比較級 表示“ 越，就越” The more you eat, the fatter you will be. The harder you study, the more you will get. The smaller the h

26、ouse is, the less it will cost. The sooner, the better.,9、the + 形容詞比較級 + of 短語 兩者中比較的一個 She is the prettier of the two girls. The bike is the older of the two. His is the taller of the two. This one is the more beautiful of the the two picture.,10.表示“是的幾倍”，用“倍數(shù)+as+原級+as”結(jié)構(gòu)，或者“倍數(shù)+比較級+than”結(jié)構(gòu)。 eg: This classroom is three times as big as that one. This classroom is twice bigger than that one.,Make Comparisons,Write down the comparatives and the superlatives of these words bignicelongnewcheap younglatesafethirsty heavy easyhardhighfewold thinexpensiveinte