托福強(qiáng)化班Sally口語(yǔ)Task4.ppt

1、TOEFL Training 4,By Sally Young 楊思晴,My Contact Information,楊思晴 (Sally) Y 702037094,Sample Studies- Integrated Speaking Task 2（第四類題型分析）,Reading+ Listening (academic related) Speaking讀+聽說 Step 1: Read a short reading passage about academic subject Step 2: Listen to a professors speech in a lecture on

2、the same subject Step 3: Answer a question based on what you have read and heard,XXX means_ XXX suggests that_ XXX, in another word, is_ XXX can be referred to as_ XXX is known as _ XXX is to _ XXX is a term used to describe_ XXX, that is to say,_,According to the reading passage, XXX is/ means_. In

3、 the lecture, the professor gives us 2 examples to demonstrate this idea. The 1st one is _. The 2nd one is _. The professor shares his/ her own experience to further explain this idea.,Reading: background information on an academic lecture. Listening: more specific information of the topic,第四類考題涉及內(nèi)容

4、,1. 生物類 如何維持體溫 生態(tài)系統(tǒng)如何保持平衡 生物之間的共生 食物保存的兩種途徑 動(dòng)物間的混合記憶 動(dòng)物間的共存,生態(tài)恢復(fù) 動(dòng)物條件反射 免疫系統(tǒng)過敏反應(yīng) 蝙蝠的定位與捕獵 森林火災(zāi)的好處 動(dòng)物休眠 動(dòng)物如何進(jìn)行觀察學(xué)習(xí)（章魚）,2. 心理學(xué)及教育 羅森塔爾效應(yīng) 羅森塔爾效應(yīng)(Robert Rosenthal Effect)” 由美國(guó)著名心理學(xué)家羅森塔爾和雅格布森在小學(xué)教學(xué)上予以驗(yàn)證提出，也叫“期待效應(yīng)”。暗示在本質(zhì)上，人的情感和觀念會(huì)不同程度地受到別人下意識(shí)的影響。人們會(huì)不自覺地接受自己喜歡、欽佩、信任和崇拜的人的影響和暗示。而這種暗示，正是讓你夢(mèng)想成真的基石之一,行為的消失 事先表?yè)P(yáng)

5、的好處與壞處 歸因理論 瞬間記憶 Frame decision 責(zé)任轉(zhuǎn)移 選擇記憶 自我期望歸真 潛意識(shí),- Illusion transparency 盡管人們會(huì)竭力避免把不想把為人所知的信息透露給別人，也會(huì)盡可能客觀地去推測(cè)他人如何看待自己，但他們?nèi)匀粌A向認(rèn)為自己語(yǔ)言的掩飾、表情的偽裝和負(fù)罪感的逃避能被人看穿；而事實(shí)上卻并非如此（在很大程度上，其實(shí)他們并未被看穿）。這種由于過高的估計(jì)別人對(duì)自己的洞悉水平而產(chǎn)生的被“看透”的錯(cuò)誤直覺被成為被洞悉錯(cuò)覺。而且在親密關(guān)系中，這種被洞悉錯(cuò)覺會(huì)被加強(qiáng) 。,Behavior chaining Shaping 背離自己角色 系統(tǒng)思考 3. 社科類（銷售、廣

6、告、市場(chǎng)） 個(gè)人與群體做事 斷章取義 人們?cè)趫F(tuán)隊(duì)中工作會(huì)變得less motivated,代幣鼓勵(lì) 行為后果影響行為 目標(biāo)市場(chǎng) 解決問題的原則 消費(fèi)與營(yíng)銷 Acting中如何入戲 Outside arts Non-verbal languages 跨國(guó)組織定義及好處,State dependency 調(diào)查出現(xiàn)偏差的原因 小孩模仿電視行動(dòng),Sample Studies 1,OG P274 Track 27 Social Interaction,Study o S.I inf. P behavPresence o behav wy P behav/per4m activity,1. know be

7、in watched-speed tie shoes faster 2 group 2. learnin new act: how 2 type type faster alone make mistakes,Sample Studies 2,Perceptual Constancy,Sample Studies 3,Actor Observor,Sample Studies 4,Group Think,Sample Studies 5,task 2第四類題：讀+聽說 Your turn! Begin reading now! Immunization,Immunization saved m

8、illions of lives in the 20th century. Therefore, it deserves to be called one of the greatest successes in medical history. Nowadays, a lot of serious diseases to which children are susceptible can be easily prevented by vaccines. Since the vaccines were introduced, rates of childhood diseases have

9、decreased by 95 to 100%.,Clean and polish Constipation Stool softener,Pain killer止痛藥 Aspirin阿司匹林 Antibiotic 抗生素 Eye drop 眼藥水 Lozenge止咳糖 Cough mixture Cough relief syrup止咳糖漿 Stool softener 通便藥,Its been killing me. Its killing me. I cant feel my legs/ arms Urine test Constipation Pee, take a leak, tak

10、e a piss , hit the john, wee- wee, answer for the natures call,Pee Take a leak Take a piss Hit the john Answer for the natures call Wee-wee,Reading Notes: (1) Immu save millions lives (2) Childhd diseases Now listen to part of a lecture on this topic in a medicine class. Your turn!,Listening notes:

11、safe & effe Side effect / allergic reaction: Common effect of vaccines give it up? Avoidin takin other risks: liver can Compare the side eff those diseases,Sample studies 6,English Language Now read the passage about English language. You have 45 seconds to read the passage. Begin reading now.,In an

12、 ideal world we would all be able to communicate with each other without fear of being misunderstood. One of the possible ways to accomplish this far-fetched idea is for everyone to speak a common language. The language most frequently proposed, for good or bad, has been English. On the other side o

13、f the coin, others feel that this would oppress immigrants and subjugate minorities by insisting on using Standard English.,Reading notes:,In deal world, we com + X fear o bein misunders. Pos way: every1 spk a common lang: English,Now listen to part of a lecture on this topic in a linguistic class,Y

14、our Turn!,New dialectEbonics: Af-am Eng Contro topic - status Con: Af-am parents argue : limits their kids + worsen status Pro: Misunderstd general public Benefit Af-A Ss, perform at schlearn stan Am-Eng,Listening part Ebonics is a controversial topic African American parents think that (1) allow Eb

15、onics at school can limit them and worsen their oppressed status (2) its a bad English.,Supporters believe that their proposal had been seriously misunderstood by the general public. (1) It would benefit African American students (2) The students can easily learn standard American English. (3) It is

16、 not a substandard version of English, but rather a dialect with the same structures,Sample Studies 7,Deltas Key P 318 Your turn! Begin reading now! Emotional Intelligence,Reading: Em Intel: S-aware+ S-contrl P+E.I understand feelinin wys + & help4 - succeed,Listening: Study E.I. mental Health Young

17、 P+ intel & arti abi 12-17 yr kids Research all subs- intense+ enthu young P Exp emo. & hap+ conflict/ pain/ over excited,e.g. 16 yr o kid: mis-un-stood P -hav pro talent P + E.I. understd- feelins Feel strongly exp pros They r criticized+ teased believe sths X + them Emba+ guilty 4 df. every1,Key:

18、The professor discusses a study on emotional intelligence. Emotional Intelligence includes self awareness, self-control and social ability According to what she says, researchers found out that those young people with emotional intelligence experienced emotional highs and lows.,They caused intense h

19、appiness, and also the conflict and pain The study shows that people with emotional intelligence understand their feelings. When they feel deeply about everything, they experience problems. Theyre criticized and teased and believe sth. is wrong with them. They feel embarrassed and guilty for being d

20、ifferent from everyone else.,Sample Studies 8,Deltas Key P 320 Your turn! Begin reading now! Social Roles,Reading: ich Ppositn in a social sys Behavior attch 2 each pos= a social role ich role in S.S relate 2 other roles in sys role partner.,Listening: Social.Role. + R.Partner Relat exist- Look at r

21、ole in relat 2 role partner Father + child R.P.s When- Compe bt. Expectatn of df role P.s R. Conflict Df R.P exp df behav u Parents u study hard/ Friend: study enough go party,Feel stress of C. bt role as a child & R. as a friend adult exp most severe C. Main C -tension tw respon 2 employer+ family

22、wk & fami role - dif 4 woman- stressed, in our society, women r exp Fami role ,Questions:,Explain the concept of role conflict, and explain when and why a person experiences a role conflict.,The profession explains that since relationship exists, we need to look at each role in relation to its role

23、partner. When theres competition between the expectations of different role partners, we have role conflict. Since different role partner expects different behavior from us, we feel stress of the conflict between different roles.,For example, the main conflict adults experience is the tension betwee

24、n their responsibility to employer and the responsibility to their family. Conflict between work and family role is especially difficult for women. They feel extremely stressed because in our society, women are expected to make their family role primary.,Sample Studies 9,Deltas Key P 321:Spatial mem

25、ory Reading notes: surv ski of A abi 2 rem+ recog ob in envir A. use spatial memo assemble paths vari goals,Listening notes: Spices of Bs store Fd in hiding places 4 later use Theyrem Loc of hiding Ps + accuracy They use spatial ldscape features as cues -allow Bds digmost Fd, even Ob moves, birdsear

26、ch F in spatial relation to ob,Resear A in farmi Lscape skill at find new Ob They react df Ob touch &handle Tdays Ob, quickly pay attenYsdays Ob Movin fami ob Ani examin Ob/ ignore them. Baboon 狒狒/ Nutcracker 星鴉:一種鳥,Key: an important survival skill of animals is their ability to remember and recogni

27、ze the objects in the environment. According to professors explanation, birds can search food in spatial relation to objects. Spices of birds store food in hiding places for later use.,They can remember the location of hiding places with great accuracy. They use spatial landscape features as spatial

28、 cues to where the food is buried. Spatial memory allows them to dig up most of the food theyre hiding, even though the objects have been moved.,Besides, animals in familiar landscape are also good at finding new objects. For example, if we place a new object each day when a group of baboons were ab

29、sent, they took less than 3 minutes to find out the new object. Moving familiar objects will cause animals to examine the objects. Otherwise they will ignore them.,Sample Studies 6,（Deltas Key P 319）-Boycotts Your turn! Begin reading now! Reading notes: Boycotts r a form of nonvio protest, the prat of power 2sociopoli goals, use