高中英語(yǔ)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞課件61689.ppt

1、,非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,性質(zhì) 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞具有動(dòng)詞的特點(diǎn)，但在句子中起著名詞、形容詞、副詞的作用，充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)，即除謂語(yǔ)以外的一切成分。,形式 1. 動(dòng)詞不定式 2. 動(dòng)詞-ing形式 3. 動(dòng)詞-ed形式,非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài) 用-ing，表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行; 用過(guò)去分詞，表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生，同時(shí)表示被動(dòng)意義,分析句子結(jié)構(gòu), 辨別“謂語(yǔ)與非謂語(yǔ)” 找邏輯主語(yǔ) 一般來(lái)說(shuō)，作狀語(yǔ)的非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)是句子的主語(yǔ)；非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞雖不能作謂語(yǔ)，但仍具有動(dòng)詞特點(diǎn)，其邏輯上的動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者就叫作邏輯主語(yǔ)。作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)是賓語(yǔ)；作定語(yǔ)的非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)是被修飾詞。 分析語(yǔ)態(tài) 分

2、析語(yǔ)態(tài)就是在確定邏輯主語(yǔ)之后，分析非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作和邏輯主語(yǔ)在搭配使用時(shí)是主動(dòng)還是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。,1. (2014湖南高考)_ your own needs and styles of communication is as important as learning to convey your affection and emotions. A. Understanding B. To be understood C. Being understood D. Having understood 【解析】選A?？疾榉侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:了解你自己交流的需求和方式與學(xué)會(huì)表達(dá)你的喜愛(ài)和情感一樣重要

3、。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu),設(shè)空處為句子的主語(yǔ)部分,且題干所述表泛指意義的行為,故應(yīng)用v.-ing形式的一般式作主語(yǔ)。,【高考鏈接】,2. (2014浙江高考)Annie Salmon, disabled, is attended throughout her school days by a nurse_to guard her. A.to appointB.appointing C.appointedD.having appointed 【解析】選C?？疾榉侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:殘疾人安妮薩蒙在學(xué)校的那段日子一直由委派保護(hù)她的一個(gè)護(hù)士陪同。其中a nurse與動(dòng)詞appoint之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故用過(guò)去分詞作

4、定語(yǔ)。,3. (2014陜西高考)_the difficult maths problem, I have consulted Professor Russell several times. A.Working out B.Worked out C.To work out D.Work out 【解析】選C?？疾榉侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:為了解決這道數(shù)學(xué)難題,我已經(jīng)向拉塞爾教授請(qǐng)教了好幾次了。不定式表示目的,故選C。,4. (2014北京高考)Last night, there were millions of people_the opening ceremony live on TV. A.wa

5、tchB.to watch C.watchedD.watching 【解析】選D?？疾榉侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:昨晚,幾百萬(wàn)人通過(guò)電視觀看了開(kāi)幕式現(xiàn)場(chǎng)直播。分析句子可知“_ the opening ceremony live on TV”作millions of people的定語(yǔ),people和watch之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系,且動(dòng)作正在發(fā)生,因此選擇現(xiàn)在分詞。,5. (2013福建高考)_ basic first-aid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies. A.Known B.Having known C.Knowing D.B

6、eing known 【解析】選C?？疾榉侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:知道基本的急救技術(shù)將會(huì)幫助你對(duì)緊急情況快速作出反應(yīng)。由句式分析可知本句缺少主語(yǔ),且不強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的時(shí)間對(duì)比及被動(dòng),故用動(dòng)名詞的一般形式作主語(yǔ)。,6. (2013湖南高考)You cannot accept an opinion _to you unless it is based on facts. A.offeringB.to offer C.having offeredD.offered 【解析】選D?？疾榉侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意: 你不能接受提供給你的某個(gè)觀點(diǎn),除非其基于事實(shí)。opinion與offer構(gòu)成邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,故應(yīng)用過(guò)去分詞在句

7、中作定語(yǔ)。offer提供。,7. (2013江蘇高考)Lionel Messi,_ the record for the most goals in a calendar year, is considered the most talented football player in Europe. A. set B. setting C. to set D. having set 【解析】選D。考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:里奧內(nèi)爾梅西曾在一年內(nèi)創(chuàng)造最多得分記錄,因此他被認(rèn)為是歐洲最有天賦的足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員。由句子謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞is considered可知此題考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式,主語(yǔ)與set之間為主謂關(guān)系,且

8、表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前,故用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式形式。,8. (2013新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷)The sunlight is white and blinding, _hard-edged shadows on the ground. A. throwing B. being thrown C. to throw D. to be thrown 【解析】選A?？疾榉侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:陽(yáng)光明亮而刺眼,在地上投射出輪廓清晰的影子。throw這一動(dòng)作和主語(yǔ)sunlight之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系,且強(qiáng)調(diào)一種自然的結(jié)果,所以應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞-ing的主動(dòng)形式。B、D兩項(xiàng)和sunlight之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系;C項(xiàng)表示意外的結(jié)果。,9

9、. (2013遼寧高考)Laura was away in Paris for over a week. When she got home, there was a pile of mail _ for her. A.waited B.to wait C.waiting D.was waiting 【解析】選C?？疾榉侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:Laura離家去巴黎待了一周多。當(dāng)她回家時(shí),有一大堆郵件在等著她。mail和wait之間是主謂關(guān)系,故用-ing形式作后置定語(yǔ)。,10. (2013山東高考)I stopped the car _ a short break as I was feeling t

10、ired. A.take B.taking C.to take D.taken 【解析】選C?？疾榉侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:我感到累了,因此停下車休息一小會(huì)兒。to do不定式在句中作目的狀語(yǔ)。所以選C。,11. (2013北京高考)Volunteering gives you a chance _ lives, including your own. A.changeB.changing C.changed D.to change 【解析】選D?？疾榉侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:志愿服務(wù)給你一個(gè)改變生活的機(jī)會(huì),包括你自己的生活。題干中已經(jīng)有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞gives,故A選項(xiàng)change動(dòng)詞謂語(yǔ)形式不能選,只能選非謂語(yǔ)

11、形式,chance后往往接of doing sth.或to do sth.,即give sb. a chance to do sth./of doing sth.給某人做某事的機(jī)會(huì)。,12. (2013四川高考)_ which university to attend, the girl asked her teacher for advice. A.Not knowing B.Knowing not C.Not known D.Known not 【解析】選A?？疾榉侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:由于不知道要上哪所大學(xué),女孩向她的老師征求意見(jiàn)。非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的否定形式要在非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞前面加not,故排除B項(xiàng)和D

12、項(xiàng);根據(jù)句意可知主語(yǔ)the girl和非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之間為邏輯主謂關(guān)系,故選擇v.-ing形式。C項(xiàng)表示和主語(yǔ)之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系。,13. (2012全國(guó)卷)The old man sat in front of the television every evening, happy _anything that happened to be on. A. to watch B. watching C. watched D. to have watched 【解析】選A。考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:這位老人每天晚上坐在電視機(jī)前,高興地看著正在發(fā)生的一切。happy為形容詞,此處作伴隨狀語(yǔ),表示老人的心態(tài);做

13、該題時(shí),需想到的是be happy to do sth.。此時(shí)的不定式不能用to have done sth.,因?yàn)椤翱础辈皇且粋€(gè)先發(fā)生的動(dòng)作;該題易誤選watching,但是,如用watching作伴隨狀語(yǔ),必須把happy改為happily,用來(lái)修飾watching。,14. (2012湖南高考)The lecture, _ at 7:00 pm last night, was followed by an observation of the moon with telescopes. A. starting B. being started C. to start D. to be s

14、tarted 【解析】選A。考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:于昨晚七點(diǎn)開(kāi)始的講座之后是通過(guò)望遠(yuǎn)鏡觀察月亮。本題考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作定語(yǔ),lecture與start構(gòu)成邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系,故用現(xiàn)在分詞形式作定語(yǔ)。A項(xiàng)為現(xiàn)在分詞形式,表主動(dòng),符合題意。B項(xiàng)為現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)式,表被動(dòng)進(jìn)行;C項(xiàng)為動(dòng)詞不定式,表將來(lái)未發(fā)生的動(dòng)作;D項(xiàng)為不定式的被動(dòng)式,表將來(lái)被動(dòng)。,15.(2011江西高考)On receiving a phone call from his wife _ she had a fall, Mr. Gordon immediately rushed home from his office. says B

15、. said C. saying D. to say,16.(2011天津高考)Passengers are permitted _only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane. A. to carry B. carrying C. to be carried D. being carried,17.(2011四川高考) Simon made a big bamboo box _ the little sick bird till it could fly. A. keep B. kept C. keeping D. to keep,18.(201

16、1全國(guó)卷II) Sarah pretended to be cheerful, _ nothing about the argument. A. says B. said C. to say D. saying 19.(2011重慶高考)More TV programs, according to government officials, will be produced _ peoples concern over food safety. A. to raise B. raising C. to have raised D. having raised,20.(2011陜西高考) Mor

17、e highways have been built in China, _it much easier for people to travel from one place to another. A. making B. made C. to make D. having made,1._many times, he finally understood it. A. ToldB. Telling C. Having toldD. Having been told 【解析】選D。 此處為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)，tell與句子主語(yǔ)he之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故可排除B、C兩項(xiàng)。根據(jù)前后句的邏輯關(guān)系，非謂

18、語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用完成時(shí)態(tài)表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在句子謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞understood之前。故選D。,【課堂訓(xùn)練】,2.The play _ next month aims mainly to reflect the local culture. A. produced B. being produced C. to be produced D. having been produced 【解析 】選C。句意：下月將要完成的那個(gè)戲劇主要是為了反映當(dāng)?shù)氐奈幕?。play與produce之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，又因next month為將來(lái)的時(shí)間，而A項(xiàng)指過(guò)去已完成的動(dòng)作；B項(xiàng)指正在被完成的動(dòng)作；而D項(xiàng)經(jīng)常作狀語(yǔ)，也表示已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作，均可排除，故選C。,3. Hurry up, Mary! Its time to go. Im getting _. Have a little patience. A. dressB. dressing C. to dres